Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cijy Sunny, Baylor University; Idalis Villanueva, University of Florida

Paper ID #36562Engineering Students Conceptions of The HiddenCurriculum in Hispanic-Serving Institutions: Learning toInform PracticeIdalis Villanueva (Associate Professor) For the past 10 years, Dr. Idalis Villanueva has worked on several engineering education projects where she derives from her experiences in engineering to improve outcomes for minoritized groups in engineering using mixed-and multi-modal methods approaches. She currently is an Associate Professor in the Engineering Education Department at the University of Florida. In 2019, she received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and

Conference Session

NEE Technical Session - the Best of NEE

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heidi Diefes-Dux, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Emily Stratman, University of Nebraska - Lincoln

Paper ID #36653Impact of Differently Worded Reflection Prompts onEngineering Students’ Metacognitive StrategiesEmily Stratman Emily Stratman is an undergraduate student at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. She is majoring in biological systems engineering, with an emphasis in biomedical engineering. Her research focus is in the influence of reflection on students' metacognitive strategies. This summer she will be participating in an REU program at Utah State University and working on a project that measures students' spatial abilities.Heidi A. Diefes-Dux (Professor) Heidi A. Diefes-Dux is a Professor in

Conference Session

PCEE Technical Session 6: Engineering Design in High School

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sherri Youssef, The Ohio State University; J. Hylton, Ohio Northern University; Todd France, Ohio Northern University; Patrick Herak, The Ohio State University; Bruce Wellman, Olathe Northwest High School

School District located in Olathe, Kansas. With the goal to explore theeffects of engineering content interventions across the high school population, the project wasmade available to all high school science teachers in the district. This was to ensure a wide rangeof subjects and grade levels were exposed to the project content and as so, 12 science teachersagreed to participate and gave rise to this population size. Grade levels ranged from 9th to 12thgrade with course subjects including Advanced Biotechnology: Cellular & Molecular I, Biology,Honors Biology, Chemistry, Honors Chemistry, AP Physics I, Physics, and Physical Science. Ofthese course subjects, 36 students were enrolled in Advanced Biotechnology: Cellular & MolecularI, 86

Conference Session

WIED: Support for All in the WIED Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ilknur Aydin; Mary Villani, State University of New York, College of Technology at Farmingdale; Lisa Cullington, State University of New York, College of Technology at Farmingdale

Paper ID #37511Designing a (Re)Orientation program for Women ComputingStudents at a Commuter College and Measuring ItsEffectivenessIlknur Aydin Ilknur Aydin is an Associate Professor of Computer Systems at Farmingdale State College in Long Island, New York. She received her Ph.D. in Computer Science from University of Delaware in DE, USA and received her BS degree in Computer Engineering from Marmara University in Istanbul, Turkey. She also worked as a software engineer in Turkey on projects about implementation of a GPS (Global Positioning System) based vehicle tracking system. Dr. Aydin's research is in the

Conference Session

NEE Technical Session - Assessment/Evaluation

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua Dean; Gunnar Tamm, United States Military Academy; Jacob Reddington, United States Military Academy; Frederick Davidson, United States Military Academy; Michael Osmon

, and design projects all vary in scope andcomposition year to year. Due to the security of the exam and the exam administrationprocedures, it has remained largely unchanged for over a decade presenting a uniquely valuablemetric for longitudinal study.While this gives an enormous dataset to analyze and compare the results against, it revealed amajor problem with the initial approach. The inclusion of data from so many semesters increasesthe number of factors at play within the data. To offset some of these confounding factors, ourstudy narrowed the scope of the data. Observing only fall semesters maintains a similar samplesize and composition of majors from year to year. Using the “constituent” majors or those whichfrequently take the course

Conference Session

EMD Technical Session 1: Captstone, Ethics, and Statistical Methods

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth McDonald, United States Military Academy

Geological Engineering. He is a licensed Professional Engineer (PE), a Project Management Professional (PMP), a Certified Professional in Engineering Management (CPEM), and a Certified Planner (AICP). He is a Fulbright Scholar and has worked projects for the Ministry of Education, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kosovo. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Virtue and Engineering Ethics – A Pilot StudyAbstractHow to teach a student to be a technical engineer, regardless of discipline, is well known,understood, and vetted; however, the same does not hold true for teaching students

Conference Session

Virtual and Augmented Reality Applications in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Liu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Emma Higgason, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Emily Welsh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Joseph Wight; A. John Hart; Gabrielle Enns

could enable a smootherand more accurate transfer of their knowledge to the authentic task. In future work, theseadvantages may eventually be measured through a hands-on post-assessment to improve learningoutcomes in psychomotor skills and spatial thinking when compared to paper instructions. Futurework in assessment would also entail measuring advantages associated with reducing instructorload and capturing and standardizing instruction. Additional projects in the machine shop spacewill focus on promoting student exploration of machining, which can be addressed with a“machining in the dorm room” app where students can carry out different machining taskswithout being physically present in the machine shop and can make choices that impact

Conference Session

WIED: Partnering with and Supporting the WIED Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Camila Zapata, Universidad Andres Bello; Maria Elena Truyol, Universidad Andres Bello

Paper ID #36799Factors identifying commitment to gender equality in aSchool of EngineeringCamila Zapata Master in Marketing and Market Research from the University of Barcelona, Spain. Industrial Civil Engineer from the Universidad del Bío-Bío. She has three diplomas in the areas of coaching, digital marketing and equality and empowerment of women. Her professional experience is linked to higher education as a project engineer and university management in the public and private area. Teacher at different universities in matters of entrepreneurship, business plans and marketing. She currently works as a teacher and

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 4 Best in DEED

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tripp Shealy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; John Gero, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Paulo Ignacio Jr., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

hesitation to pursue the project and potential benefits from eachstakeholders’ perspective [3]. This conceptual process helps the designer create new knowledgeby exploring the space between stakeholders, their needs, and potential risks.Concept mapping is also a useful counter-balance to reductionist ways of thinking that oftenwork to isolate individual components of a system. Concept mapping encourages designers tothink about the interaction between components. For example, Interface Inc., a manufacturingcompany, was able to identify new energy efficiency gains in their mechanical systems bybroadening the scope of their problem. Rather than optimizing an already efficient mechanicalpump they instead recognized more prospective gains in reducing the

Conference Session

ERM: Student Professional Development: Professional Skills and Moving Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura Rios, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Benjamin Lutz, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

confident and have positive attitudes towards diversity, equity, andinclusion (DEI) efforts [10]. Recently, another avenue of research regarding LAs has emerged:the potential for LAs to prompt course redesign and institutional change. Using frameworks suchas students-as-partners, researchers have detailed how instructors’ views on the goals andpurposes of coursework may change throughout the process of incorporating LAs into theircurricula [2, 11]. In sum, instructors, students, and LAs all stand to greatly benefit from robustLA programs [12].Our research on the role of LAs is part of an extensive project addressing high DFW rates at theauthors’s institution in introductory mechanics (PHYS 141), statics (ME 211) and dynamics (ME212). Introductory

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lance White, Texas A&M University; Larry Powell, Texas A&M University; Tracy Hammond, Texas A&M University; Dilma Da Silva, Texas A&M University; Santana Gonzales, Texas A&M University; Sara Amani, Texas A&M University

studentsreceiving automatic admittance based on that factor while other students are subject to a moreholistic examination before being admitted to a major. Due to inherent inequities that exist inhigher education that stem from the K-12 education system in the United States, not all studentswill experience their first year at TAMU equitably. Historical work at TAMU through the LouisStokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) project showed that under-representedminority students in STEM had been positively impacted and retained past their first year bycombating many factors that impact the retention of underrepresented minority students that existin first-year engineering experiences [8]. Similarly, work through the CONNECTS Communitiesproject at

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sylvia Mendez, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; Jennifer Tygret; Jasmine White; Valerie Conley, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; Comas Haynes, Georgia Tech Research Institute; Rosario Gerhardt, Georgia Institute of Technology; Kinnis Gosha

Paper ID #37113Developing Deeper Student Mentoring Relationships: BlackEngineering Faculty Translating their Mentee Experiences toStudents (Research)Sylvia L. Mendez (Professor/Chair) Dr. Sylvia Mendez is a Professor and Chair of the Department of Leadership, Research, and Foundations at the University of Colorado Colorado Springs. She is engaged in several National Science Foundation-sponsored collaborative research projects focused on broadening participation in STEM academia. Dr. Mendez’s research centers on the creation of optimal higher education policies and practices that advance faculty careers and student

Conference Session

LEES 3: Assessing/Addressing Mental Health

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Wilson, University of Kentucky; Courtney Wright, University of Kentucky; Melanie Miller; Lucy Hargis; Ellen Usher; Joseph Hammer; Natalie Ban; Halle Shannon, University of Kentucky

collected between October 2020 and May2021. Before starting the interview, the research assistant explained the purpose of the researchstudy and obtained verbal consent for participation in the interview. Audio recordings from theinterviews were first transcribed using the Microsoft Office Suite transcription feature before beingedited by a research assistant on the project. The current study focused on two questions related toperceived stressors in engineering and alternative coping strategies to seeing help from a mentalhealth professional: 1. What are the main sources of stress that engineering undergraduates have experienced in their engineering training? 2. What coping strategies have students developed as an alternative to seeking

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Monica McGill, CSEdResearch.org; Leigh Ann DeLyser; Angelica Thompson; Eric Snow; Stephanie Wortel-London; Luronne Vaval

. 7]. This approach centers on methodological alignment, whichensures ”...that the research methods we use actually test what we think they are testing” [16, p.203].Here, we first provide an overview of the intervention, then describe our methodology for creatingthe ToI model centered on Capacity.3.1 Intervention OverviewTo address the need for more cybersecurity professionals [17–20], CSforALL recently launched anintervention (JROTC-CS Demonstration Project) in the U.S. to include Computer Science (CS) andCybersecurity (Cyber) as a part of the courses Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC)students (or cadets) take in their local high schools. Given the reach of these programs, this in-tervention has the potential to engage over

Conference Session

ECE Division Technical Session 4: Student-centered Learning and Teaching Methodologies

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuchen Huang, Portland State University; Branimir Pejcinovic, Portland State University

Professor and former Associate Chair for Undergraduate Education at Portland State University, Electrical and Computer Engineering department. He has led department-wide changes in curriculum with emphasis on project- and lab-based instruction and learning. He was awarded best-paper award by ECE division of ASEE in 2017 for his work on freshman engineering course development. His research interests are in the areas of engineering education, microwave absorber design, ferroelectrics, photovoltaics, THz sensors, signal integrity, and semiconductor device characterization, design and simulation. He is a member of IEEE and ASEE. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022

Conference Session

WIED: Partnering with and Supporting the WIED Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kayla Kummerlen; Gretchen Dietz, University of Florida; Elliot Douglas, University of Florida

Junior year because of my interest in water resourceengineering and sustainability, things I was not exposed to in my required coursework until theend of my junior year. On the team we worked together to help design improvements to anirrigation reservoir, which to me was a much more interesting project than the one I have todesign for my capstone course.Nonetheless, not all of my experiences with my peers have been positive. On design teams that Ijoined I sometimes felt as though some of the men on the team never seemed to listen to me.Working on a team where I did not feel valued was extremely frustrating. In classes, I almostnever ask my male friends for help or support if I can avoid it. If I do ask for help, they tend notto understand my

Conference Session

WIED: Partnering with and Supporting the WIED Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Delahanty, Bucks County Community College; Jason Silverman, Drexel University

major and in the field [3], [4], [15], [21], [22].Women are known to be major contributors to creativity and innovation in the engineeringprofession [3], [4], [23]. Creative self-efficacy (CSE) within engineering curriculum has beenstudied as a part of student success in engineering education, and with respect to the retention ofwomen engineering students in the major [15], [24], [25]. Curricular and extra-curriculareducational experiences that involve project based learning (PBL) and spatial reasoning are anintegral part of engineering-centered curricula [26], [27], [20]. These experiences cultivate thecreative aspect of the industry and have been shown to increase spatial abilities. They have beenstudied with respect to encouraging students

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gretchen Dietz, University of Florida; Elliot Douglas, University of Florida; Erica McCray, University of Florida

exploration of the in/authentic experiences of Black engineering interns (Work in Progress)AbstractIn this paper, we discuss the preliminary results of a project that explored the effect of internshipexperiences on racial and engineering identity development for nine Black engineering students,four women and five men. Specifically, within this paper we highlight the narratives of threeparticipants and outline how their internship cultures affected the extent in which they couldauthentically be themselves in the workplace. This was done through an extension of Faulkner’sconcept of in/authenticity as a theoretical framework [1], [2]. To understand the experiences ofthe engineering students, our methodology followed steps

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dayna Martínez, Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers; Esther Gonzalez, Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers, Inc.; Kimberly Douglas, Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers, Inc.

la Primera Generación (The  x  Florida First-Gen Family Guide)Literature ReviewHispanic ProgramsAs explained in the Methodology section, the literature focused on three different areas. First, welooked for any published Hispanic programs focusing on giving parents tools to support their children inschool and/or college. In this search, we found the Futures and Families program which was the parentcomponent of a small, experimental college access program and study known as the Futures Project inpartnership with UCLA (Auerbach, 2004). It was a bilingual outreach program that made informationabout college accessible to Latino parents with

Conference Session

ERM: Find Out More About Faculty!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Orton, University of Missouri - Columbia; Fan Yu, University of Missouri - Columbia; Johanna Milord; Lisa Flores, University of Missouri - Columbia; Rose Marra, University of Missouri - Columbia

Paper ID #37167Work in Progress: Faculty choice and reflection on teachingstrategies to improve engineering self-efficacySarah Lynn Orton (Dr.) Dr. Orton is an associate professor in Civil Engineering and is an active member of the American Concrete Institute and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Dr. Orton also serves as the Director of Undergraduate Studies for the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Missouri. She has participated in several programs aimed at improving undergraduate education. Her research projects have involved the use of carbon fiber reinforced polymers to

Conference Session

WIED: Analysis, Challenges, Success, and Impacts

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kaitlyn Thomas, University of Nevada, Reno; Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno; Kelly Cross, University of Nevada, Reno

: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.2004.tb00817.x.[5] M. R. Liu and J. Zhu, “Personal epistemology: The impact of project-based learning,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Expo. Conf. Proc., vol. 2018-June, 2018, doi: 10.18260/1-2--30873.[6] A. Aparicio and A. Ruiz-Teran, “Tradition and Innovation in Teaching Structural Design in Civil Engineering,” J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract., vol. 133, no. 4, pp. 340–349, 2007, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2007)133.[7] M. Belenky, B. Clinchy, N. Goldberger, and J. Tarule, Women’s Ways of Knowing: The Development of Self, Voice, and Mind. 1986.[8] B. K. Hofer and P. R. Pintrich, “The development of epistemological theories: Beliefs about knowledge and knowing and their relation to learning,” Rev. Educ

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nikhith Kalkunte, University of Texas at Austin; Maura Borrego, University of Texas at Austin; Lindsey McGowen, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Madiha Qasim, North Carolina State University at Raleigh

Virginia and a M.S.E. in Biomedical Engineeirng from the University of Texas at Austin.Lindsey McGowen Dr. Lindsey McGowen is a Senior Research Scientist, Applied Social and Community Psychology Program, Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University where she leads the Innovation Studies Lab. Dr. McGowen’s research focuses on program evaluation for cooperative science and technology programs, particularly the outcomes and impacts of cooperative research centers. With over a decade of experience, Dr. McGowen has pioneered work on program sustainability for cooperative research centers. She has served as the Director of the NSF-sponsored Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers (IUCRC) Evaluation Project and as

Conference Session

Assessment in Mechanics Courses

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amie Baisley, University of Florida; Keith Hjelmstad, Arizona State University; Efhalia Chatziefstratiou, Arizona State University

Paper ID #36946The accuracy of self-assessment in engineering mechanicsAmie Baisley (Faculty) I have a Ph.D. in engineering education from Utah State University and a M.S. in structural engineering from Arizona State University. My teaching and research interests are centered around the second year mechanics courses and how changes in those courses can impact student learning and persistence.Keith D. Hjelmstad (Chair) Keith D. Hjelmstad is President's Professor of Engineering at Arizona State University and chair of the civil engineering program. He is founder and architect of The Mechanics Project, an effort

Conference Session

WIED: Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sylvia Mendez, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; Kathryn Watson, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; Valerie Conley, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs

Paper ID #37495Sacrifice: Messages STEM Postdoctoral Scholar WomenReceive about Career and FamilySylvia L. Mendez (Professor/Chair) Dr. Sylvia Mendez is a Professor and Chair of the Department of Leadership, Research, and Foundations at the University of Colorado Colorado Springs. She is engaged in several National Science Foundation-sponsored collaborative research projects focused on broadening participation in STEM academia. Dr. Mendez’s research centers on the creation of optimal higher education policies and practices that advance faculty careers and student success, as well as the schooling experiences of

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jae Hoon Lim, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Jerry Dahlberg, University of Tennessee, Space Institute; Brittany Hunt; Arna Erega; Peter Tkacik, University of North Carolina at Charlotte

Paper ID #37716Half-fulfilled Promises: Creating a Veteran-friendly Space inEngineering Graduate ProgramsJae Hoon Lim (Professor) Dr. Jae Hoon Lim’ is a Professor of Educational Research at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Her research explores the dialogical process of identity construction among students of color and examines the impact of sociocultural factors on their academic experiences. She has served as a co-PI for multiple federal grant projects, including a 1.6 million grant from the National Science Foundation. Her research has been published in several premier journals, including the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tuncay Aktosun, The University of Texas at Arlington; Yolanda Parker; Jianzhong Su, The University of Texas at Arlington

in his department since 2008, and he also acts as the Project Director for the NSF Bridge Program in his department. In the past he served as the Graduate Director and as the Undergraduate Director in his department, and he directed the NSF-LSAMP program on his campus during 2009-2014 and also directed the NSF-LSAMP Bridge-to- Doctorate program on his campus during 2010-2013.Yolanda ParkerJianzhong Su (Professor and Chair) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com THREE MENTORING PROGRAMS IN MATHEMATICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON AND THEIR LOCAL AND BROADER

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Resch, University of Florida; Patriel Stapleton, University of Florida; Benjamin Rheault, University of Florida; Amy Wu, University of Florida; Christina Gardner-McCune, University of Florida

of her time at APL she worked on a wide variety of cybersecurity projects. Ms. Resch has a BS and MS in Mechanical Engineering from University of Maryland and an MS in Computer Science from Johns Hopkins University.Patriel Stapleton (Researcher) I'm of Afro-Caribbean descent and spent most of my life raised on the beautiful islands of St. Kitts and Nevis. I am a double Gator at the University of Florida with a B.S. in Computer Science and am currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Human- Center Computing. I aim to conduct research that examines and produces technologies that support learning. This is incredibly important as the pace of technologies often advances without concern for the experiences of people of color.Benjamin

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marian Kennedy, Clemson University; Christopher Kitchens, Clemson University; Joseph Santaniello; Spencer Davenport, Clemson University; Kaitlynn Conway, Clemson University; William Ferriell, Clemson University

saw themselves as a ‘special cohort’. • Participating in the program built the graduate student’s communication skills. It helped them hone their skills in explaining and teaching their research to other people with different backgrounds and educational levels. They learned how to give other people enough information for them to work without overloading them. They were also better able to explain the motivation for their dissertation work. • The role of the dissertation advisor was important to the fellow. The dissertation advisor helped them scope the project for their undergraduate research course to be interesting to the undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds, publishable (novel) and was a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Merriweather, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Niesha Douglas; Cathy Howell, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Anna Sanczyk

constructivistepistemological paradigm and [18] suggests that case studies can be descriptive, exploratory, orexplanatory, exploring a single case or multiple cases. Within and cross case analysis can beconducted within multiple case studies. The larger study from which this report is drawn used amultiple case study design with embedded cases. This report represents one embedded case –STEM doctoral faculty at a HBCU in the Southeastern region of the United States. This NSFAGEP sponsored social science research project explored the dispositions, skills, and knowledgeof eight STEM faculty at a HBCU. Attitudes towards culturally liberative mentoring wereexplored.The target population was faculty in STEM doctoral programs at an HBCU. Conveniencesampling was used as

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Cook-Chennault, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Ahmad Farooq, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

, Mohamad, & Alavi, 2021), who had students select a process pertainingto dynamic systems analysis and controls, and model it for simulation. ABET criteria were usedto assess student outcomes for the engineering project, where it was found that students wereable to achieve the learning outcomes specified by ABET. Similarly, (Morales-Menendez,Ramirez-Mendoza, & Guevara, 2019) incorporated virtual and remote labs as supplementalmaterials in an industrial automation course and used a KIPPAS (Knowledge and understanding,Inquiry skills, Practical skills, Perception, Analytical skills and Social and scientificcommunication) framework, which affirms criterion 3 in ABET. They concluded that the use ofVLs had several advantages: VLs are cost