Conference Session

Restructuring/Rethinking STEM

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicola Sochacka, University of Georgia; Kelly Woodall Guyotte, University of Georgia; Joachim Walther, University of Georgia; Nadia N. Kellam, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Paper ID #6555Faculty Reflections on a STEAM-Inspired Interdisciplinary Studio CourseDr. Nicola Sochacka, University of Georgia Dr. Nicola Sochacka received her doctorate in Engineering Epistemologies from the University of Queens- land (Brisbane, Australia). She currently holds a research and teaching position at the University of Geor- gia where she transfers her expertise in qualitative research methodologies to a variety of research contexts at the intersection of social and technological issues. This includes engineering education projects con- cerned with transdisciplinary education, student reflection, and

Conference Session

Institutional Perspectives and Boundary Work

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ron D Dempsey, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

just a different way to become an engineer. Based on the comments made by students, not us: The professors of ET programs are more experienced and they teach engineering courses much better. We have new, mostly not-yet accredited E programs with nothing to distinguish them from many other programs and among the most highly reputed, accredited ET programs.The changes proposed by the ET faculty as a mean of delineating between the two programs are1) establishing entrance or admission requirements to the programs, 2) the engineering programsneed to become more theoretical rather than applied, and 3) a repackaging of ET pedagogythrough project based education. The ET faculty members are quite adamant that they will

Conference Session

CIP Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Stanford University; Shannon Katherine Gilmartin, Stanford University; Michelle Marie Grau, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

-level Other occupationsNote: Fields that respondents in our final sample selected are highlighted.Table 2. Engineering sub-occupation fieldsEngineering practitionersEngineering consultantsEngineering managers, first-lineEngineering managers, mid-levelEngineering research associates and assistantsEngineering teachers and professorsEngineering technologists, technicians, and surveyorsOther engineers or engineering-related technologistsNote: Sub-fields that respondents in our final sample selected are highlighted.We combined first-line and mid-level engineering managers into a single group called“managers”. First-line engineering managers typically supervise engineering teams and projects,whereas the NSF describes mid-level

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ravi T. Shankar, Florida Atlantic University; Don Ploger, Florida Atlantic University; Agnes Nemeth, Florida Atlantic University; Steven Alan Hecht Ph.D., Nova Southeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

robotics and alternative assessment strategies in their classroom5, 6.II.C. Background: The journey towards our previous projects started when we came to knowthat a local school had a robotics club, but no robots. The students, both boys and girls, met oncea week to discuss, but could make no headway on how to finance their club. Purchase, operation,and maintenance of commercially available robots13, 14 were beyond their means and capability.We wanted a simple low cost solution that they could easily comprehend and build upon. To thisend, we offered a course to engineering undergraduate students in the fall of 2011. The resultwas a blueprint (for both hardware and software) for building a low cost robot4. We havepublished the details elsewhere15

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rylan C. Chong, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Dennis R. Depew, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Ida B Ngambeki, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Melissa Jane Dark, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

. Depew served as Dean of the College of Applied Sciences at Western Carolina University from 1999- 2002. During his days in the classroom, Dr. Depew won or was nominated for numerous teaching awards, including the James G. Dwyer Award presented to the Outstanding Teacher in the College of Technology. He has served as principal investigator or co-principal investigator for over $2 million dollars in external grants to support academic programs and applied research projects in his department and college and serves as a reviewer for programs funded by the National Science Foundation. He is the author of more than 60 technical publications and papers and has served as a technical consultant for Fortune 500 companies on

Conference Session

Best of Computer in Education Division

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hatem M Wasfy, Advanced Science and Automation Corp.; Tamer M. Wasfy, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Riham M Mahfouz, Thomas Nelson Community College; Jeanne Peters, Advanced Science and Automation Corp.

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Corp. Jeanne Peters is the vice president of Advanced Science and Automation Corp. Peters received a B.A. in Math/Computer Science from the College of William and Mary. She worked at NASA Langley Re- search Center in Hampton, Va. for over 20 years as a senior programmer/analyst for George Washington University, University of Virginia, and Old Dominion University. She co-authored over 70 journal and conference papers in the areas of: computational mechanics, finite element method, shells/plates, compos- ite material panels, and tires. She has also worked on numerous projects to create advanced engineering design and learning environments for space systems which include multimodal user interfaces. Peters directs

Conference Session

Experience in Assessing Technological Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Denise M Wilson, University of Washington; Cheryl Allendoerfer, University of Washington; Ryan C. Campbell, University of Washington; Elizabeth Burpee; Mee Joo Kim, University of Washington- Seattle

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

) for one class (n=9) and Page 23.1369.5between 2.6 and 3.9 for another class (n=13). Problem areas are shown to vary depending on thegroup, but for both classes as a whole, the lowest mean score occurred for the basic literacy issueindicating the writing’s “closing synthesizes the elements, supports the main idea and finalizesthe paper”.Additional conference papers include Rhoulac and Crenshaw’s 2006 study[15] of 15 technicalreports written by seniors in civil engineering at Howard University, as well as Poltavtchenkoand Tingerthal’s 2011 study[16] of 9 group project reports written by construction managementstudents at a public middle-sized

Conference Session

Pre-Service Development Initiatives

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Tillman, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP)

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

experience the topic provides a level of information absorption that simple reading cannot achieve. Students take much more agency about circuits when they actually build one and hold it in their hands, as opposed to just reading about it. I would love to use this technique and idea for many different topics and technologies.Likewise recognizing the value of hands-on activities, Participant B talked aboutengagement and students experiencing fun during digital fabrication science activities.But Participant B focused on how digital fabrication supports visualization andengagement in students’ learning process: In my science curriculum, I would most definitely replicate the windmill and speaker project we

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tomas Enrique Estrada, Elizabethtown College

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #6192Entering the Performance Zone: a Practical Pre-Lecture Guide for New Fac-ultyDr. Tomas Enrique Estrada, Elizabethtown College Page 23.542.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Entering the Performance Zone: a Practical Pre-Lecture Guide for New FacultyIntroductionWhile, in recent decades, undergraduate engineering curricula have been strengthened throughan increased emphasis on projects and hands-on learning, the need to provide students witheffective lectures remains a key

Conference Session

Mentoring Minority Students

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Frances Carter-Johnson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Patricia Ordóñez, University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras ; Renetta G. Tull, University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC); Miguel Alfonso Nino, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

whowere NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) recipients and PROMISE peermentors while pursuing their doctorates co-developed and continue to facilitate the fundingworkshops.The workshops, which began as a two-hour seminar conducted on one day in the fall semester,have expanded to include a range of formats: a three day (2-hours per day) workshop series, aone day (3-5 hour) workshop, and short panel presentations with other participants who providefinancial information from their particular departments or organizations. In addition toencouraging the students to utilize advice from their faculty research mentors and peers, theworkshop facilitators in our project served as experienced graduate fellowship recipients andreviewed students

Conference Session

Mechanics, Hands-on Demo - Show & Tell!

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sinead C. MacNamara, Syracuse University; Joan V. Dannenhoffer P.E., Syracuse University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

currently teaches Engineering Statics, Mechanics of Solids, and Civil Engineering Materials. Page 23.600.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013First Encounters: Statics as the Gateway to Engineering CultureThis paper describes ongoing efforts at Syracuse University to re-engineer the traditionalstatics course. This course forms part of a larger NSF funded project aimed at increasinginnovation and creativity in engineering curricula. The principal aim of the overallproject is to find strategies to foster and reward creativity in engineering students.At Syracuse University, as at many

Conference Session

Introducing New Methodologies and the Incoming Students to Engineering Programs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Salahuddin Qazi, State University of New York, Institute of Tech.; Adeel Khalid, Southern Polytechnic State University (ENG); Qaiser H Malik, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Pakistan University

Tagged Divisions

International

learning is not only knowledgeacquisition or participation in a social community but also about knowledge creation as in thecase of project based learning. Similarly the new developments in electronic media are leading toenormous challenges for teachers in regards to the role digital devices can and should play in thelearning process. For some educators, the view is that technology should only be utilized as atool to help facilitate student understanding and mastery of the current curriculum. Whereas forother educators, technology is as fundamental to learning as reading and writing and thereforemust become an integral segment of the school curriculum. The paper also discusses new trendsand teaching methodologies to help improve the state of

Conference Session

Software Engineering Outreach: Industry, K-12

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sushil Acharya, Robert Morris University

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

engineering (Software Engineering concentration), and has been accreditedsince 2002. At RMU the emphasis is on small class sizes (10:1 student to faculty ratio) andhands-on experiences through class assignments, course projects, internships (150 hoursmandatory), and an interdisciplinary capstone project (3 credits). Graduates at RMU receive twotypes of transcripts: academic and engagement. The academic transcript depicts student degreeprogress and grades obtained. The engagement transcript records, by description and hours,student activities outside of the classroom. The institution believes that students must be able tobalance academic and extra-circular activities. Software engineering students are members of theAssociation of Computing Machinery

Conference Session

Simulation and Programming

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tzu-Liang Bill Tseng, University of Texas, El Paso; Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng.); Paras Mandal, University of Texas, El Paso; Carlos Alejandro Garcia; Natalia V Espino, UTEP; Zhonghua Hu; David Ricardo Romo; Monica I. Corella, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Transaction, Journal of Manufacturing Systems and others. He has been serving as a principle investigator of many research projects, funded by NSF, NASA, DoEd, and KSEF. He is currently serving as an editor of Journal of Computer Standards & Interfaces.Dr. Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng.)Dr. Paras Mandal, University of Texas, El PasoMr. Carlos Alejandro GarciaNatalia V Espino, UTEPMr. Zhonghua HuMr. David Ricardo RomoMs. Monica I. Corella, University of Texas, El Paso Page 23.361.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Cyber Based Layer Manufacturing with an On

Conference Session

Research and Graduate Studies

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erika A. Mosyjowski, University of Michigan ; Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan; Diane L Peters, University of Michigan; Steven J. Skerlos, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

experience and could influencetheir decision to stay enrolled in the program. These findings are consistent with the principles ofthe field of andragogy, or adult education, which is grounded in the idea that the education ofadult students can and should look different than education for younger students, due to adults’different preferences and motivations for learning17.Because returners have different educational needs than direct-pathway students and yet such Page 23.377.3little research exists on returners, we began to collect data, starting with a pilot project in whichwe interviewed ten returners. The participants included six men and four

Conference Session

Motivation and Self-Efficacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachel McCord, Virginia Tech; Holly M Matusovich, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

) Intentional (mastery/performance- approach/performance- Conceptual Change avoidance) Learning Strategies (cognitive, metacognitive) Figure 2: Framework for Intentional Conceptual ChangeResearch Questions Consistent with our framework and overall project design, this study is guided by threeresearch questions: 1) what aspects of existing motivation and learning strategies survey itemsshould be included in a survey designed to measure motivation, learning strategies andconceptual understanding in thermodynamics courses? 2

Conference Session

Assessment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Geoff Wright, Brigham Young University; Paul T Skaggs, Brigham Young University; Jacob Dean Wheadon, Purdue University; Clifton B. Farnsworth, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

individual. This does not allow educators to see howtheir instruction changes a student’s ability to innovate. In order to meet the needs of theInnovation Bootcamp and other innovation educators, a test that measures an individual’s abilityto do activities across a greater part of the innovation process is needed.Purpose Statement The purpose of this project was to develop an innovation test instrument and perform aninitial validation. The test needed to cover a broader range of innovation skills defined by theInnovation Bootcamp curriculum and needed to evaluate individual students’ abilities atperforming each of the tasks outlined therein. This paper describes the development of the test,including analysis of the content domain

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David K. Ware; David J. Ahlgren, Trinity College; Harvey F. Silverman, Brown University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

analysis, and was an original member of the IBM Research speech recognition group that started in 1972. He was manager of the Speech Terminal project from 1976 until 1980. At IBM Dr. Silverman received several outstanding innovation awards and patent awards. In 1980, Dr. Silverman was appointed professor of Engineering at Brown University, and charged with the devel- opment of a program in computer engineering. His research interests currently include microphone-array research, array signal processing, speech processing and embedded systems. He has been the director of the Laboratory for Engineering Man/Machine Systems in the School of Engineering at Brown since its founding in 1981. From July 1991 to June 1998 he was

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering (ME) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacob Lee Finley; Mehrdaad Ghorashi P.E., University of Southern Maine

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

working on hands-on projects built from conception to execution. The main issue he addresses in his current research is developing ways to demonstrate mechanical behavior of structures and to measure the mechanical properties of materials to students in a way that is easy to understand.Prof. Mehrdaad Ghorashi P.E., University of Southern Maine Dr. Ghorashi is a member of the ASME and the ASEE. He is a licensed professional engineer in Maine and the author or co-author of more than 50 journal or conference papers. In 1995, after receiving his first Ph.D. on dynamics of structures under moving loads, he joined the Mechanical Engineering Department of Sharif University of Technology. In 2004, Dr. Ghorashi moved to Canada

Conference Session

Communication and Engineering Careers: Motivating Our Students

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine Golder, British Columbia Institute of Technology; Deanna Gail Levis, British Columbia Institute of Technology; Darlene B Webb, British Columbia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

the main focus of this polytechnic institute?The institute that is home to Idol focuses primarily on preparing students for successful careers,and most often hires instructors who bring prior industry experience to their teaching positionsalong with their academic credentials. Industry involvement with instructors, course materials,and collaboration with student projects is common and encouraged, so students get firsthandexperience with workplace standards and practices.For students, assignments and extracurricular activities that have clear links to their futureworking life make their courses more meaningful to them and more practical for the workplace.For instructors, this system demands time in keeping up to date on current industry

Conference Session

Novel Methods of Construction Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Tingerthal, Northern Arizona University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

) movement is called Decodingthe Disciplines (Decoding)2. The Decoding process is a comprehensive form of action research3that guides the educator to uncover, or ‘decode’, expert ways of thinking that are not obvious tonovice students.The purpose of this paper is to examine a single step (the decoding interview) in the Decodingprocess that is at the heart of Decoding process to illustrate how some tacit moves in oneengineering mechanics course were uncovered. This study is part of a larger research project,based in the interpretive research paradigm that is common in education research. This projectuses case study4 methodology and autoethnographic methods. Autoethnography is a type of self-study that transcends narration and engages in cultural

Conference Session

Teaching with Technology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Luanna B Prevost, Michigan State University; Kevin C Haudek, Michigan State University; Emily Norton Henry, Michigan State University; Matthew C Berry, Michigan State University; Mark Urban-Lurain, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

questions on metabolism weredeveloped from multiple choice items from a diagnostic question cluster (DQC) 8, 9. Pre-existingclicker questions, created in response to the DQC project, were used by some instructors torevisit misconceptions about photosynthesis and conservation of matter during respiration.Often with pre-instruction administration of the CR questions, a large fraction of the class wasunable to give a correct or relevant response. In some instances the items reviewed materialcovered in the prerequisite chemistry course (e.g. exergonic reactions). Few introductory sciencecourses have writing practice, and this may be the first attempt for many students to construct arepresentation of their understanding. Therefore, more opportunities to

Conference Session

Information Tools and Techniques for Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Giovanna Badia, McGill University; April Colosimo, McGill University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

well as make services available that are analogous to what would be encountered inperson. Web conferencing is an area that is being explored by librarians to deliver personalizedreference, information skills sessions, and continuing professional development. It offers theability to provide real-time help to people with a number of features that support socialinteractions and learning, such as live chat, whiteboards, and video conferencing. Interactionsmay also be recorded for review or self-directed learning.The literature focuses on best practices for using the various web conferencing software optionsand describes pilot projects and experiences in the use of web conferencing to provideinformation literacy skills webinars and other library

Conference Session

Engineering Identity 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lorraine N. Fleming, Howard University; Kalynda Chivon Smith, Howard University; Dawn G. Williams, Howard University; Leonard B. Bliss, Florida International University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

generally found their engineering professors to bepleasant, these professors were challenging, which motivated them to complete their engineeringdegree and therefore strengthened their engineering identity, from Jorge from HSI1, “They’retough…Tough. … [T]hey’re nice… [B]ut…they make you work for it…Which is good…I likechallenge...” Nicole from HBCU1 explained her experience in more detail: … [H]ere, it’s like, no, you’re on your own…I haven’t really had any negative Page 23.510.11 experiences. … [W]ith, with the research project [I did with a professor], [the professor should have] just put in more…input instead of having me do

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay McCormack, University of Idaho; Ashley Ater Kranov, ABET; Steven W. Beyerlein, University of Idaho, Moscow; Patrick D. Pedrow P.E., Washington State University; Edwin R. Schmeckpeper, Norwich University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

education research and providing educational opportunities on sustainable assessment processes for program continual improve- ment worldwide.Dr. Steven W. Beyerlein, University of Idaho, Moscow Dr. Beyerlein has a Ph.D. from Washington State University and has taught at the University of Idaho since 1987. For the last fifteen years he has been the college coordinator for an interdisciplinary capstone design course that features industry sponsored projects. In 2012, the faculty team responsible for running this course was recognized by the National Academy of Engineering for creating a capstone course that is an example of real world engineering education.Dr. Patrick D. Pedrow P.E., Washington State University Dr

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas F. Schubert Jr. P.E., University of San Diego; Frank G Jacobitz, University of San Diego; Michael S. Morse, University of San Diego; Truc T. Ngo, University of San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

theirsources of intellectual contributions to their design.It was theorized by the authors that presenting an exemplar prior to setting the students onto adesign project could alter, if not hinder, the number and type of creative solutions generated bythe students. Of particular interest is whether the presence of a prototype exemplar contaminatesthe design process for novice designers. That is, does the prototype exemplar cause novicedesigners to fixate on particular design features thereby limiting creativity or does it help them toimprove the performance of their designs?The concept of designers fixating on particular design features is not new to the study ofengineering design. Jansson and Smith1 were among the first who “clearly and

Conference Session

State of Manufacturing

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Nutter, Ohio Northern University; Robert L. Mott P.E., University of Dayton; Carl R Williams, University of Memphis; Mark J. Stratton, Society of Manufacturing Engineers

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

998 Material Removal 2.838 0.8893 1059 Tolerance Analysis/GD&T 2.825 0.8451 10310 Project Management 2.813 0.7856 9611 Product Prototype Build and Test 2.800 0.8876 10012 Plastics/ Polymers 2.760 0.8976 10413 Process Development and Test 2.697 0.8506 9913 Customer Focus 2.697 1.0542 9915 Joining, Welding & Assembly 2.676

Conference Session

Using graphics in the rest of the engineering courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ananda Mani Paudel, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Jane M. Fraser, Colorado State University, Pueblo

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. Motivation and Scope of the Work: Engineering Design, Creativity and SustainabilityEngineering graphics design is one of the main languages of the engineering profession andengineering students can do meaningful design projects in the first year18. The engineering Page 23.1152.4graphics course plays a large role in developing visualization, creativity and personalimagination. As the first step in engineering education as well as an entry point to a professionalengineering career, the engineering graphics class is an appropriate venue to introducesustainability concepts. The engineering graphics curriculum has continuously developed,incorporating

Conference Session

CEED - Technical Session 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph A Raelin, Northeastern University; Margaret B. Bailey, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Jerry Carl Hamann, University of Wyoming; David L. Whitman, University of Wyoming; Rachelle Reisberg, Northeastern University; Leslie K. Pendleton, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

unexpected but modest finding, those students who persisted in the major andin school were more critical of their instructors than those who left.The findings for co-op in this study not only lend support to those who have long asserted that Page 23.1190.3quality co-ops can enhance undergraduate retention but also demonstrate co-op’s enduringenhancement of students’ work self-efficacy.IntroductionThis study is part of a larger research project, supported by a National Science FoundationResearch on Gender in Science and Engineering program grant, designed to determine the effectof self-efficacy and other factors on retention, especially of women in

Conference Session

Special Initiatives and Programs at Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary R. Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

student success. Our expectations of the CC transfer students arehigh. We encourage them from day one to consider going full-time to graduate school right afterthey earn their Bachelor’s degree. We tell the students that a Master’s degree is very valuable inindustry. With a Master’s degree a student is more likely to start at a project manager positionequivalent to two years of experience, as well as beginning with a higher salary. Manyengineering students report that they needed a Master’s degree to give them a much firmer holdon their engineering field to feel comfortable going out as an engineer and to enable them toparticipate in exciting industrial projects. Through our National Science Foundation (NSF) S-STEM and STEP programs (#0728695