Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences in Mechanical, Materials and Thermal Systems

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew J. Traum, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Vincent C Prantil, Milwaukee School of Engineering; William C Farrow, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Hope Leigh Weiss, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

rocket motor grain that presents a constant area combustion front.In the future, the Thermodynamics Applications course design-and-build project will also bemodified to become the capstone element of the multi-course rocket project. Given the samedesign constraints as the freshman design course, seniors in this class will design a rocket with arapid prototyped nosecone to carry aloft the same altimeter payload as in the freshman course.Armed with knowledge and experience from previous elements of the multi-course project;design, performance simulation, aerodynamic drag, and rocket motor combustion analysis; theseniors are expected to create rockets that in general achieve better performance than thefreshmen.Moreover, as part of the course

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew J Bates, Polytechnic Institute of New York University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

defined cost constraint as a “normative” constraint versus a description of an ad hoc constraint that may or may not be controlled or approved by a project management office becomes a “descriptive” constraint.  Performance must be linked to Constraints This must be understood as requiring the project to be delivered WITHIN defined constraints. This is the capstone statement. The Department of Energy (DOE) Risk Management guide v defines risk as: “…ameasure of the potential inability to achieve overall project objectives within defined cost,schedule, and technical constraints.” The Department of Homeland Security defines risk vi as: “(the) potential for an unwantedoutcome resulting from an incident, event, or

Conference Session

Assessment of Student Learning 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Debra Gilbuena, Oregon State University; Audrey Briggs Champagne, University at Albany, SUNY; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

sample size andsampling strategy are limitations. However, we are not intending to provide generalizable data.Instead, we focus our qualitative efforts to afford transferable findings. Also, more than half ofthe students had previous experience in engineering internships or laboratory research positions.One coach provided feedback to all student teams. This coach has coached over 60 teams in thesame capstone course over several years and has many years of thin films processing experience.The coach has also published research papers and developed courses on the subject.Data Collection & AnalysisData sources include audio recordings and transcripts of student teams, researcher field notes,student work products, and post-project, semi

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiaojing Yuan, University of Houston (CoT); Heidar Malki, University of Houston (CoT); Xiaohui Yuan, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

education to address a need in 21st century instrumentationand measurement workforces. The developed modules have been offered in several courses since2010 and the assessment results demonstrate that they not only effectively introduced recenttechnology advances in wireless sensor networks to students, but also nurtured their system-levelcritical thinking skills. Six project-based WSN learning modules with twenty-two hands-on experiments weredeveloped to teach students the fundamentals of WSN design and how to develop networkeddata acquisition systems to monitor and control a physical system. These six modules weredistributed across four WSN technical content areas: component-level, system-level, network-level, and capstone/project-level

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aditya Akundi, RIMES, University of Texas at El Paso; Eric D Smith, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

SE 5345 Project Practicum:Each student shall participate in the SE 5345 Project Practicum capstone course after theyhave participated in an internship. An internship consists of fulltime systems engineeringwork at the worksite of an industry partner. Students may secure an internship independently, via student-to-companyapplications to internships, and via RIMES facilitated applications, in which student Page 23.44.10resumes are forwarded to companies, and the companies choose candidates.5, OBJECTIVESSystems Engineering Educational ObjectivesThe program has defined five principal

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pablo Biswas, Texas A&M International University; Runchang Lin, Texas A&M International University

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

for theinstructors and to provide an interactive learning environment outside the lecture period for thestudents. Using ViTAS, students will be able to submit the homework assignments online, toengage in anonymous homework review, and to discuss with their peers. The idea of studentsgrading the homework assignments of their peers is very beneficial, because during the processof grading other’s homework, the students get the opportunity to learn/review their ownwork/mistakes. Also, the instructors finalize all grades and post them on the website to confirmthe students’ learning activities. In particular, this project focuses on the Agile systemdevelopment process, which is a group of system development methodologies based on iterative

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ravi T. Shankar, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL; Jonathan Paul Dickson, FAU; Carlo A Mazoleny, Florida Atlantic University

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

need has arisen to define a body ofknowledge relevant to SE.BKCASE is a four year old knowledge-based project with a scope to define a SE Body ofknowledge (SEBoK9) and then use SEBok to develop a graduate reference curriculum for SE,called GRCSE8. A reference curriculum exists at the graduate level for systems engineering(SE), but not at the undergraduate level at present9. The document is ‘forward’ looking withprogram objectives being fulfilled five years after graduation by students in their near to mid-term of their careers. This is in keeping with GRCSE’s goal to develop a professional master’sdegree in SE; that is, a degree intended for someone who will either enter the workforce as asystems engineer, or who is already in the workforces

Conference Session

FPD 1: Projects and Teamwork in First-Year Courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Malinda S Zarske, University of Colorado, Boulder; Janet L Yowell, University of Colorado Boulder; Samantha Maierhofer, University of Colorado, Boulder; Derek T Reamon, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

] Laguette, S. (2010). “Development of High Performance Capstone Project Teams and the Selection Process.” In Proceedings, 2010 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition, June.[6] Bielefeldt, A. (2009). “Cognitive Diversity and the Performance of Freshman Engineering Teams.” In Page 23.1159.10 Proceedings, 2009 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition, June.[7] Jensen, D., Feland, J., Bowe, M., and B. Self (2000). “A 6-hats Based Team Formation Strategy: Development and Comparison with an MBTI Based Approach.” In Proceedings, 2000 American

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Cardenas, Harvey Mudd College; David Wayne Kelley, Department of Geography, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN; Warren Roberts

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

of Geography David has a B.A. in Biology and a M.S. in Agronomy, and spent almost 10 years working with international development projects in various African countries before moving to Minnesota in 1995. He earned his Ph.D. in soil science and wa- ter resource science from the University of Minnesota and joined the Geography department at St. Thomas in 2000. David currently teaches courses in GIS, physical geography, remote sensing, and weather and climate. He is particularly interested in working with students and other researchers to explore landscape processes related to environmental quality, and in the application of geographic information science for land assessment and management.Prof. Warren Roberts

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard L. Goldberg, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Kevin Caves, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

Page 23.1387.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Work in Progress: Using clinical advisory boards and an online system to provide feedback for client-based senior design projectsAbstractIn our capstone design class, biomedical engineering (BME) students develop custom assistivetechnology for people with disabilities in the local community. Project ideas come fromtherapists and clinicians in Durham and Chapel Hill. Students spend the entire semester workingon the design and development of a device that meets the client’s need. This work involves asignificant clinical understanding to ensure that the final device will be appropriate for the client.To provide this clinical perspective

Conference Session

"Best" of BED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Idalis Villanueva, University of Maryland, College Park; Rachel L. Manthe, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park; Kevin M Knapstein, Bioprocess Scale-Up Facility, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

bioengineering laboratory courseAbstractSuccessful engineers are competent in 21st century skills (problem-solving, critical thinking,technology literacy, creativity, independent learning, excellent communication, and collaborationskills), as well as technical and mathematical principles in order to develop societal solutions.Typically, undergraduate engineering programs utilize capstone design projects and problem setsto promote understanding and integration of engineering concepts. However, in cross-disciplinary fields such as bioengineering, knowledge and use of life sciences is as important asapplying engineering principles. Thus, we need to identify ways to introduce more life sciencestrategies into our bioengineering curriculum. One way to

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Audrey Briggs Champagne; Debra Gilbuena, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

: Comparison of Industrially-situated Virtual Laboratories to Capstone Physical Laboratories. Journal of Engineering Education, 100(3), 540–573.3. Gilbuena, D., B. Sherrett, E. Gummer and M. D. Koretsky. (2011). Understanding feedback in an authentic, ill- structured project through discourse analysis: interaction between student and instructor objectives. 2011 Research in Engineering Education Symposium: Program and Proceedings, 2011, 700-709.4. Johnson, G.R. (1979). Verbal Interaction in Junior/Community College and University Classrooms: Do Disciplines and Settings Differ? Research in Education, Aug 1979.5. Bostian, C.W. (1991). The Mechanics of Effective Classroom Teaching. Engineering Education, 81(1), 9-11.6. Felder, R.M. (2002). The

Conference Session

Innovative Pedagogy in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Isaac W Wait, Marshall University; Jeffrey T. Huffman P.E. P.E., Marshall University; Christopher T. Anderson, Huntington (WV) Sanitary Board

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Paper ID #6575Fostering Critical Thinking Through A Service-Learning, Combined SewerAnalysis Project In An Undergraduate Course in Hydrologic EngineeringDr. Isaac W Wait, Marshall University Dr. Isaac Wait is an associate professor of Engineering in the Division of Engineering at Marshall Univer- sity in Huntington, W.Va. He conducts research and teaches courses in water resources and environmental engineering, and is a registered professional engineer in the states of Ohio and West Virginia.Prof. Jeffrey Thomas Huffman P.E., Marshall University Jeffrey T. Huffman is an assistant professor of Engineering in the Weisberg

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael L.W. Jones, PhD Candidate Faculty of Information, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Student

facilitators of a student-led learning process [12]. Engineering educators have adapted similar PBL approaches such as capstone designprojects and engineering student design teams to complement the more traditional, basic-sciencebased engineering curriculum. Project-based learning (noted as PBL*) team opportunities arequalitatively different than traditional PBL efforts in one demonstrable way. Engineering projectteams tend to engage more complex design challenges over a longer period of time compared toin class PBL investigations commonly used in medicine[2]. This qualitative difference createstwo organizational challenges unique to engineering project-based learning teams. Student PBL* teams must sustain team motivation throughout a

Conference Session

Research Initiatives

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David G. Rethwisch, University of Iowa; Soko S Starobin, Iowa State University; Frankie Santos Laanan, Iowa State University; Melissa Chapman Haynes, Professional Data Analysts, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Paper ID #7945A Study of the Impact of a National Project Based Learning Curriculum(PLTW) on Student Continuation to Postsecondary InstitutionsDr. David G. Rethwisch, University of Iowa Dr. Rethwisch is a professor of chemical and biochemical engineering at the University of Iowa. His current research interest is assessing the impact of secondary curricula (particularly problem/project based learning curricula) on student interest and performance in science and mathematics, and on their interest in careers in STEM fields.Dr. Soko S Starobin, Iowa State University Dr. Starobin’s research focuses on gender issues in STEM

Conference Session

Challenges in Engineering, Models in Professional Programs, Capstone Design and Function Generator for Educational Environment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudio da Rocha Brito, Science and Education Research Council; Melany M. Ciampi, Safety, Health and Environment Research Organization; Rosa Maria Castro Fernandes Vasconcelos, Universidade de Minho; Luis Alfredo Martins Amaral P.E., University of Minho; Victor Freitas de Azeredo Barros, Science and Education Reseach Council

Tagged Divisions

International

integrated study cycles; in Textile Engineering and Engineering and Industrial Management; in the 1st cycle courses of Design and Fashion Marketing; and in the 2nd cycle courses of Fashion Design and Communication, Textile Chemistry, Advanced Textiles and Design and Marketing. Head research and research member of several R&D projects, Vasconcelos has presented many dozens of scientific journal papers and communications in international conferences as either main author or co-author. Vasconcelos is the president of the Pedagogical Council of the School of Engineering and vice-dean of School of Engineering since 2011.Prof. Luis Alfredo Martins Amaral, University of Minho Born in 1960, Amaral holds a Ph.D. in Information

Conference Session

Challenges in Engineering, Models in Professional Programs, Capstone Design and Function Generator for Educational Environment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mani Dargahi Fadaei, Azad University

Tagged Divisions

International

with a variation of approximately ±0.5 µs, which is less than ±3%. The fourth source ofnoise can result from distortion caused by sampled signals with square-top pulses, which arecommon in digital storage or communication systems, rather than signals that conform to naturalsampling, where the tops of the pulses “follow” the sampled signal. Further, note that thedigitization noise caused by the limited 8-bit resolution used in this system was negligible. Conclusion This paper describes the design and operation of low-cost, programmable arbitrary functiongenerator suitable for use in undergraduate laboratories as an analytical tool or as a studentdesign project. Using custom software and a personal

Conference Session

Secondary (6-12) Outreach

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ibrahim F. Zeid, Northeastern University; Jessica Chin, Northeastern University; Sagar V. Kamarthi, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

to teams of three to fourstudents, much like a college capstone project. Students follow the EDP steps shown in Figure 1. Aproject can last from one week, to a semester, to a full year. The teacher decides the project length thatbest fits the curriculum requirements. Page 23.672.5 4 Figure 1: Engineering Design ProcessThe authors have run a three-year NSF funded research project to teach high school teachers how to useengineering in their STEM courses. The project runs a two-week professional

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert J. Albright P.E., University of Portland

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

that finding such an appropriate balancebetween depth and breadth of education, especially one with complementary aspects, is anongoing challenge. The balance point is not stagnant, but varies from time-to-time and place-to-place depending on societal needs and technological developments.The focus of this paper is to summarize our curricular changes, with their rationale, beginningwith the ones that apply to all of our School's curricula. The major changes include reinstituting acommon first-year of study to aid students in selecting a major, enhancing the capstone designsequence to encourage and facilitate more multi-disciplinary projects, and designating ninesemester hours of existing credits as "professional electives" that can be, for

Conference Session

Product Development and Manufacturing

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay R Porter, Texas A&M University; Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University; Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

course topics in producttesting, project management, customer interaction, and the business aspect of productdevelopment. As the faculty moves forward with this initiative, it has become increasingly importantto ensure that all students experience multiple product development opportunities while pursuingtheir degrees. This not only gives them hands-on experience, an important trait of anyengineering technology program, but it reinforces the concepts being taught in the classroom. Italso helps the students develop life-long learning habits and best practices. To this end, thefaculty, with the help of industrial partners, now ensures that both courses and capstone projectshave a strong product development aspect. Through this vetting

Conference Session

The D/M/A of CE

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Greg Kremer, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

23.835.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 It’s all about relationship – expanding relational learning opportunities in a community engagement project experienceIntroductionIt pays to think big for student project experiences - not in terms of project scope but in terms oflearning opportunities and overall impact. A diverse body of research, as well as 15 years ofpersonal experience with capstone projects and extracurricular student projects, has shown thatthe overall impact of a student project grows through the establishment of relationships thattranscend boundaries. In our ongoing program development, we have worked to create a rangeof relational learning opportunities for

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexandra Emelina Coso, Georgia Institute of Technology; Amy Pritchett, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

the vehicle. There is no explanation of how to integratestakeholder-related requirements and considerations throughout the design process. In addition,the texts do not describe how students can or should consider the purpose of the design asviewed by the stakeholders in the operational context, but instead may cause students toimplicitly see the stakeholder as the source of constraints and costs, limiting the design’s abilityto achieve the maximum technical performance highlighted in the text. Page 23.1219.4Design ProjectAn important aspect of the capstone course is the design project. In contrast to product design orother capstone courses

Conference Session

Hands-on/Experiential Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J Benson P.E., United States Military Academy; Hans J Thomas, United States Military Academy; Shad A Reed, United States Air Force Academy; Bruce Floersheim, U.S. Military Academy; Steven J. Condly, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

courses emerged as one responseto an increasingly positive view of incorporating project-oriented work into undergraduateengineering programs. Kolb’s work is often cited regarding experiential learning as the start ofdiscussions regarding active experimentation7. Along with others, Siddique et. al. mapeducational objectives and learning environment to projects in their assessment of a particularcapstone experience8, with a positive assessment for their articulated outcomes. Generally, theliterature is supportive of capstone experiences3, 8-15, and since these senior projects cansometimes span multiple years, extensive administrative and faculty support is often required. Insome cases, new organizations or project centers within departments or

Conference Session

Integrating Curriculum and Labs in Engineering Technology Programs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Marshall, University of Southern Maine

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

control valve simulatesthe press motions. A total of twelve problem solving projects are utilized in thiscourse.The PLC modules and I/O devices used in this junior level course were specified at thesame voltage and have been designed for patch-cord assembly. This allows thestudents to focus on the job of learning the software and interfacing the I/O deviceswithout the danger of injuring themselves or the components. In the capstone course,this safety net is not present and more time is spent on these concepts.Senior levelArmed with the knowledge and abilities in the prerequisite courses discussed above,students embark on a truly challenging project based problem solving adventure. Thesenior level capstone course is entitled Applied Automation

Conference Session

Design Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Junichi Kanai, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Mark Anderson, Rensselaer

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

issue tool to manage their projects. On the otherhand, various user statistics obtained from the system allowed the faculty advisors to monitor thefrequency of each student's contributions and to quickly review the content and quality. Thesystem made a significant impact on the outcome of the project results. This paper will presentissues in deploying the tools, the best practices for using these tools, and assessing students’performance in capstone design courses.1. IntroductionTo become successful engineers, students must learn technical knowledge, good communication,skills, and teamwork skills. Traditional lecture-based coursework focuses on providing a solidtheoretical foundation and analytical skills for each of the various disciplines. On

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay R. Goldberg P.E., Marquette University; David B. Rank, Root Cause Consortium, LLC

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, Development,Production, Installation, and Servicing, requires a company’s product design and developmentprocess to include specific components.1 These include design and development planning, designinput, design output, design review, design verification and validation, and design transfer. Themore our students become familiar with each of these components, the better prepared they willbe for careers in industry. Ideally, capstone design projects would involve each of thesecomponents. In situations where this is not feasible, lectures regarding the details of each designcontrol component can be included in the capstone course.A recent survey of capstone design instructors indicates that the duration of capstone designcourses varies in length.2 As a

Conference Session

Creating and Maintaining Effective Communication Learning in the Curriculum

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregg L. Fiegel, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

metric that requires our graduates to demonstrate an ability to evaluate differentcommunication styles. We present the methodology used to assess this performance metric,along with assessment results gathered over the past six years. These results play an importantrole in the program's assessment of communication-related outcomes.IntroductionA number of years ago we revamped our civil engineering capstone design sequence bychanging it from an individual study course into a directed study offering.1 In the new course,students work in six-person teams to complete an integrated design for a private sectordevelopment or public works project. We consider the teams multi-disciplinary since teammembers represent different civil engineering specialty

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emmanuelle Reynaud, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Linda Barrington, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Ella Willard-Schmoe, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

- based Engineering Redesign of the motorcycle Design Project ambulance for Village25.300 F'11 1 II John Duffy Empowerment in Peru 100% 1 Interdisciplinary Engineering Redesign of the motorcylce Capstone ambulance for Village25.401 F'11 3 Design John Duffy Empowerment in Peru 100% 2Classes in Civil Engineering Groups of 4 worked with science

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division - General Technical Session 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven F Barrett, University of Wyoming; Ivo Wambeke

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Education Excellence Award.Ivo Wambeke Page 23.1065.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Service Learning: Industrial Embedded Systems CourseAbstractService learning is defined by the National Service-Learning Clearing House as “a teaching andlearning strategy that integrates meaningful community service with instruction and reflection toenrich the learning experience, teach civic responsibility, and strengthen communities.” Aservice learning capstone project was incorporated into a senior/graduate level industrial controlcourse. The course provides instruction on control system

Conference Session

K-12 Professional Development II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald H Rockland, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Levelle Burr-Alexander, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Howard S. Kimmel, New Jersey Institute of Technology; John D. Carpinelli, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Linda S Hirsch, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Thomas Michael Tylutki, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

fieldsMediboticsTo address this issue, the authors were awarded a National Science Foundation ITEST grant.During the original Medibotics NSF ITEST program, a total of 60 teachers participated in aseries of school year and summer workshops, where they worked in teams to model foursimulated surgeries using the LEGO® NXT Mindstorm kits. Training was face-to-face, and theassessment of teacher proficiency in terms of understanding the medical robotics program wasdemonstrated through a Capstone project. A workbook including details on construction of therobots, computer programming, the mathematical and scientific topics involved in each surgery,and other support materials for use in STEM classes was created.The emphasis on biomedical engineering applications and