Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sharnnia Artis, University of California, Berkeley; Catherine T. Amelink, Virginia Tech; Tsu-Jae King Liu, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

research as the catalyst for engagement, the TTE REU program hassupported 30 community college students from the California Community College System.During the nine-week summer program, each TTE participant is paired with two mentors, afaculty advisor and graduate student mentor, who oversee and guide the student in independentresearch activities, through regular research group meetings and one-on-one discussions. Outsideof their independent research projects, TTE participants are trained in research protocol,laboratory safety, and professional ethics; and participate in academic and professionaldevelopment activities to prepare for a baccalaureate degree and career in science andengineering. The TTE REU program also partners with the UC

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

R. Keith Stanfill, University of Florida; Amy Rigby, www.amywriting.com; Maureen Milch, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

controls aspects. The expectations for professional conductareas covered include sexual harassment prevention, identification of at-risk students, basiclaboratory safety, and over two dozen ethics mini-case studies developed from real IPPDexperiences. Items lumped into the business procedures include training for the IPPDcollaboration and project management tools, lab and classroom rules, effective meetingstrategies, and procedures for purchasing and travel. Many of the training elements requirecreation of web-based elements for students to prove they have mastered the materials. Studentsalso receive certificates for the Preventing Sexual Harassment and At-Risk Student trainingcourses. As an incentive to complete the required training, each team’s

Conference Session

Diversity Redefined: Nontraditional Views in Traditional Environments

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chrissy Hobson Foster, Arizona State University; Shawn S. Jordan, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

.” Character development is structured from knowledge found inthe east and people are encouraged to discipline both the heart and mind9.   South. The people are to look to the south for sustenance, which represents allknowledge that goes into making a living. The sacred knowledge found in prayers and teachings Page 24.84.7shows the importance of traveling to make a living and on the values of work ethic and  responsibility. Dignity can be found in this direction, for learning how to be responsible and be acontributing member of the community is vital to the survival of the people.   West. In the west, the knowledge required to allow

Conference Session

Learning and Assessment in ME

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark F. Schar, Stanford University; Sarah L. Billington, Stanford University; Sheri D. Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

favors empathizing over systemizing. Studies show a consistent pattern with the“S>E profile for physical science students as a group, and a E>S profile for humanities studentsas a group, regardless of sex.”113. Scenario-Based Curriculum for Solid MechanicsThe scenario-based learning has long been used as a pedagogical technique in a variety oflearning domains, primarily in business education where it is viewed as a technique to teachcomplex decision-making skills.12 In engineering education, the scenario approach is most oftenused in the teaching of engineering ethics that focus on the ethical challenges of professionalengineers and use “social world” stories like the Challenger disaster or Hurricane Katrina.13 TheNSF has funded previous

Conference Session

Raise the Bar – Visions for the Future, Bodies of Knowledge, and Accreditation Vicissitudes.

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark William Killgore PE, F.ASCE, D.WRE, American Society of Civil Engineers

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

what thefuture can and should be. Numerous individual civil engineers and civil engineeringorganizations around the world have embraced this appeal for a new, enhanced role for theprofession. They call on civil engineers to control their own destiny rather than letting eventscontrol it for them. The document was translated into several languages further illustrating theworldwide appeal this program has. Page 24.1362.10The vision developed as a result of the Summit is: “Entrusted by society to create a sustainable world and enhance the global quality of life, civil engineers serve competently, collaboratively, and ethically as master

Conference Session

Innovative Pedagogy and Assessment in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew W Roberts, University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Carol Haden, Magnolia Consulting, LLC; Michael K Thompson, University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Philip J. Parker P.E., University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

technical concepts (infrastructure components, in- frastructure sectors, or engineering concepts), 4. The number of concepts for non-technical aspects of infrastructure (e.g., economic growth, ethics, pollution, etc.), 5. The number of correct links between a non-technical concept to any other concept, and 6. The number of engineering concepts (e.g., constructability, design, resilience, etc.).The detailed instructions for scoring the concept maps are included in Appendix 3.Initially, we planned to have the concept maps scored by a trained evaluator who did not haveextensive civil engineering infrastructure expertise. However we found, similar to Cañas et al.,25that deep conceptual understanding was needed and so course instructors

Conference Session

Manufacturing and Machine Component Design

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert L. Mott, University of Dayton; Ronald J. Bennett F.ASEE, F.ABET P.E., University of St. Thomas; Mark J. Stratton, SME (Society of Manufacturing Engineers); Scott Danielson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

establishes the processes, and post-processes, required todevelop the final desired properties. Paying particular attention to options of materials/processesearly in the design phase can greatly reduce cost and delay in product introduction.The prediction of product volume, a strategic decision, can also have a significant effect onultimate material/manufacturing costs. Some processes have high initial tooling cost with lowunit production cost; other have low tooling cost, but higher unit production cost. Knowledge ofboth materials and manufacturing methods, combined with accurate estimates of productvolumes, determine the profitability of the end product.There is also the issue of ethics. Selection decisions for materials and processes have a

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Capstone Design

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Thomas Emison, Taylor University; Kate Yoshino, Taylor University; Stephen Edward Straits, Taylor University; Hank D. Voss, Taylor University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

mathematics, science and engineering b. an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data c. an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability d. an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams e. an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems f. an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility g. an ability to communicate effectively (3g1 orally, 3g2 written) h. the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and

Conference Session

Biomedical Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark A. Ruegsegger, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

ensure the success ofour program once we arrive. This particular partnership also draws from the backing of bothDepartments and higher administrative levels, particularly from NJU, which, for the inauguralsummer design experience at OSU in Summer 2014, is currently pledging significant funding tosupport the trip for the NJU students.There are significant opportunities for career development from this collaboration. As theprimary instructor of the Senior Design capstone course, I am the main resource for OSUstudents for learning about industry models for design, manufacturing, business models, costassessment, medical device regulation, ethics, and global aspects of engineering. Developing thiscollaboration would greatly enhance my ability to

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen A. Harper, Ohio State University; Lisa Abrams, Ohio State University; Jonathan P. Ruffley

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

disciplines, as well as to teach themhow to use particular tools, employ some data techniques, and write technically.8 Content that iscommon between the two tracks include engineering graphics (both by hand and with a softwarepackage), MATLAB, design, and engineering ethics. They also address an array of professionalskills, including teamwork and oral reporting. The major additional content area for the honorsstudents is computer programming in C and C++. Further, with the additional contact time, thehonors students are able to engage in a more challenging and substantial design project.9 The honorsprogram reserves ten weeks at the end of the program almost exclusively for this project, while thestandard track integrates their design project with

Conference Session

Engineering Management Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Browder, Bristol Tennessee Essential Services; Andrew J. Czuchry, East Tennessee State University; Leslie Boughers, Bristol Tennessee Essential Services; Caroline Deutsch, East Tennessee State University; Nina Muehl, East Tennessee State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

, andprojects. BTES uses Sysdine, an online program accessible from any computer in the building,which gives senior leaders and supervisors the ability to track the effectiveness of BTES’learning and development system. Sysdine also allows departments to train employees throughdocumented process which take the employees through the process step by step with pictures.Looking at documented improvements, BTES has had zero breaches in ethical behaviors,whereas other utilities, average a 5 percent rate per year. This shows that BTES’ storytellingapproach to promoting legal and ethical behaviors has been very successful.ResultsResults are important in the context of using the three best practices to illustrate the need for atotal systems approach to

Conference Session

Student-Centered Information Literacy

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer (Cong Yan) Zhao, McGill University; Tara Mawhinney, McGill University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

information literacy competency requirements The recently revised Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board’s accreditation criteria6have higher expectations of information research skills for undergraduate engineering graduatesthan ever before. Among the 12 graduate attributes, problem analysis, investigation,communication skills, ethics and equity, and life-long learning are closely associated withinformation literacy (IL) competencies and can be addressed by academic librarians themselvesor in collaboration with different units on campus. IL training may help this group of studentsbecome better empowered to use information effectively, which has the potential to contribute totheir overall academic and career success.Role of undergraduate

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Programs and Courses Session 5

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Perry Samson, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

betweenleadership and management, understand and develop ethical principles of entrepreneurialleadership, and recognize various entrepreneurial strategies and apply them as appropriate.MethodsThis course provides an analytical framework to improve understanding of individual and sharedownership models in entrepreneurial organizations, and the way alternative ownership decisionsaffect organizational dynamics. It also looks at the mechanisms that entrepreneurs can use tocreate specific ownership structures and organizational cultures.This course is a half-semester long (7 weeks) covering: 1. Introductions a. Present current state of equity for your project b. Introduction to the pluses and minuses of equity dilution for founders c

Conference Session

Diversity Redefined: Nontraditional Views in Traditional Environments

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard R Harris, Northeastern University; Lauren Machunis, Northeastern University; William Tiga Tita, D'Amore-McKim Business School, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

pioneer and expert in distance learn- ing and eCommerce. He is also a Kent Fellow on Social Ethics from University of Southern California where he completed his post-doctoral studies. Dr. Tita’s research interests are in exploring the role of the Web in trade development and education and training, in general, for the emerging economies. Other primary teaching and research interests are professional ethics, e-commerce, entrepreneurship, social en- trepreneurship, and strategy in the global economy. Address: D’Amore-Kim School of Business, Northeastern University 360 Huntington Avenue, Rm.219A, HA Boston, MA 02115 Email: w.tita@neu.edu; wtigatita@yahoo.com Phone: 1-617-373-7259 Mobile: 1-508-735-7945

Conference Session

Integrating Engineering Economy into Curricula

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Wilck IV, East Carolina University; Paul C. Lynch, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA; Paul J. Kauffmann P.E., East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

appropriate forthe general education of a college or university student. In the past an engineering economicscourse focused primarily on financial mathematics; however, the modern engineering economicscourse centers on financial decision making in addition to financial mathematics. These topicsare applicable, if not mandatory, for students pursuing interests in engineering, law, productdevelopment, public service, entrepreneurship, marketing, business, finance, political science,sociology, government, and ethics. This issue is timely because schools at various levels (e.g.,K-12, community colleges, and universities) are including the concepts of quantitative andfinancial literacy into their required curricula, with some being required by state

Conference Session

Enhancing the Underrepresented Student Experience

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Kevin C. Bower PE, The Citadel; Ronald W. Welch, The Citadel; Elizabeth Connor, The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

ethical development in engineering students.Dr. Ronald W. Welch, The Citadel Ron Welch (P.E.) received his B.S. degree in Engineering Mechanics from the United States Military Academy in 1982. He received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Civil Engineering from the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana in 1990 and 1999, respectively. He became the Dean of Engineering at The Citadel on 1 July 2011. Prior to his current position, he was the Department Head of Civil Engineering at The University of Texas at Tyler from Jan 2007 to June 2011 as well as served in the Corps of Engineers for over 24 years including eleven years on the faculty at the United States Military Academy.Ms. Elizabeth Connor, The Citadel Elizabeth

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin William Weiser, Eastern Washington University; Hani Serhal Saad, Eastern Washington University; Robert E. Gerlick, Eastern Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

forward project.The final course grade is an average of the draft and final report, design review and finalpresentation, weekly reports, team evaluations, and a qualitative self-evaluation. In additionstudents were tested on engineering ethics and were required to submit a life-long learningportfolio. The strong and weak projects are chosen based on these parameters. These same toolsare used with the two quarter method with a more formative approach during the first quarter anda more summative approach during the second quarter. The authors believe that these criteriareflect the nature of the course and are a good assessment tool.Student Perceptions and Instructor EvaluationsWe have continued the data collection and analysis that was presented

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott C Streiner, University of Pittsburgh; Sydnie Cunningham Cunningham, University of Tulsa; Shaobo Huang, University of Southern California; Svetlana Levonisova, University of Southern California; Cheryl Matherly, The University of Tulsa; Mary E. Besterfield-Sacre, University of Pittsburgh; Larry J. Shuman, University of Pittsburgh; Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California; Daria A Kotys-Schwartz, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Divisions

International

focuses on improving the engineering educational experience, emphasizing assessment of learning and problem solving abilities, and studying the ethical behavior of engineers and engineering managers. He has led the development of a very successful cooperative engineering education program and an innovative study abroad program. He is currently the Chair of the Global Engineering Exchange Executive Committee. Dr. Shuman is the founding editor of Advances in Engineering Education, and an ASEE Fellow. He holds a BSEE from the University of Cincinnati and a PhD in Operations Research from the Johns Hopkins University.Dr. Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California Dr. Gisele Ragusa is an associate professor at the

Conference Session

Student Learning, Problem Solving, & Critical Thinking 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ben D Radhakrishnan, National University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Daydiscussion is at the beginning of each class (two or three students present in each class). Thisapproach engages the students from the beginning of the class to be active, attentive and engage.As an example – in the Engineering Management Concepts course, the students will look for amanagement related news or event and present it. They could be on human resources management,engineering management or engineering ethics, etc. The student opens the URL for the class andstarts the discussion. In the Sustainability courses, students will bring news items (or events)directly relating to the sustainability – energy, water, environment, policy, equity or economics. Inthe Globalization class, with so much going on the world today students bring latest topics

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David M. Feinauer P.E., Norwich University; Michael W. Prairie, Norwich University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

engagement LL-c Start earlier in the semester LL-d Everyone doesn’t have to do everything; focus on the process LL-e Being part of something bigger than the individual project has a positive effect on the work ethic of some studentsElectrical and Computer Engineering TeamsThe permanent magnet generator’s (PMG) design is that of a rotor comprised of two quarter-inchthick steel plates with permanent magnets mounted on each plate with alternating north-southorientation, and a stator with enamel coated magnet-wire coils mounted in the gap between therotating magnet plates. Solid models of the rotor were created in SolidWorks and machined onan automated machining center. Three reference rotor designs were

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Then, by association, ET graduates focus on using current or emerging technologyto solve engineering problems that industry faces in the short to medium time frame. Graduates focus onthe operations, testing, and improvement of engineered systems, processes, and products whileincorporating economic principles and considering social, ethical and environmental impacts. Graduatesalso display an ability to design systems, components, or processes for engineering problems appropriateto the objectives of each program.Program Fundamentals, Objectives & EmphasisBSET programs require integral and differential calculus as well as basic science courses to applyanalysis techniques and implement solutions for engineering design problems and system

Conference Session

Gainful Employment: Preparing Technicians to Satisfy the Needs of Industry

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David I. Spang, Burlington County College

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

conversions Ethics and professionalism Programmable logic controllers Problem solving skills Project management Teamwork and conflict resolution skills Safety and hazardous material handling Written and oral communication Statistical analysis Understanding of specifications and technical documentsWith the results of the one-day planning conference, a week-long summer workshop with multi-disciplined (technical and non-technical) and multi-segmented (secondary, two-year college andfour-year college) faculty and administrators was held to examine the current curriculum interms of alignment with the identified technical and non-technical skill

Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Constituent Committee Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce DeRuntz, Southern Illinois University Carbondale; Rhonda K. Kowalchuk, Southern Illinois University Carbondale; John W. Nicklow, Southern Illinois University Carbondale

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

leadershipprogram, their employers, and their countries.IntroductionDeveloping the next generation of engineering leaders is an economic imperative that is sharedby most countries. The National Academy of Engineering1 (NAE), Engineer of 2020 initiativeemphasizes the need for future engineers to work in a technologically advanced global economythat is constantly changing. A goal of the initiative is “to educate technically proficient engineerswho are broadly educated, see themselves as global citizens, can be leaders in business and Page 24.672.2public service, and who are ethically grounded.”1 (p. 51). Universities have responded to thisimperative by

Conference Session

Assessment of Learning in ECE

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammed Taqiuddin Taher, DeVry University, Addison; Ahmed S. Khan, DeVry University, DuPage

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Keller Graduate School of Management., and his Ph.D. from Colorado State University. His research interests are in the areas of Nanotechnology, Fiber Optic Communications, Faculty Development, Application of Telecommunications Technologies in Distance Education, and Social and Ethical Implications of Tech- nology. He is the author of many educational papers and presentations. He has authored/coauthored the following books: • Nanotechnology: Ethical and Social Implications (2012) • Technology and Society: Issues for the 21st Century and Beyond 3E, (2008) • The Telecommunications Fact Book and Illustrated Dictionary 2E (2006) • Fiber Optic Communication: An Applied Approach, Prentice Hall, N.J.(2002) • Technology and

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Immanuel Adaikalaraj Edinbarough, University of Texas, Brownsville; Posinasetti Nageswara Rao, University of Northern Iowa; Kanchan Das, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Curriculum 1. Clearly an element, but first must deliver the basics and economics. Economic, Green and Sustainability as well as Ethics are very important, but not without proper basics of the manufacturing science. Otherwise, it is politically correct but not very useful. 2. These topics need to be incorporated into popular textbooks. 3. Student Exchange Program with other countries. 4. We should have a general sustainability course that will address sustainability issues in manufacturing and non-manufacturing process. 5. Include sustainability considerations in all manufacturing/related course material. 6. Has to include some sort of Introduction and how it applies. 7. Has to be separated from political

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica E. Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette; William Travis Horton, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

served as a lecturer in Purdue’s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Dr. Zoltowski’s academic and research interests include human-centered design learning and assessment, service-learning, ethical reasoning development and assessment, leadership, and assistive technology.Dr. Monica E Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette Monica Cardella is an Associate Professor of Engineering Education and an Affiliate in the Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering at Purdue University. She plays a leadership role in Purdue’s first-semester first-year engineering course which serves approximately 1,800 students each year. She is also the Director of the MEDLEE (Mathematics and Engineering Design Learning

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley A. Striebig, James Madison University; Maria Papadakis, James Madison University; Adebayo Ogundipe, James Madison University; Samuel Albert Morton III, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

apply mathematics, science and engineering principles. b. Ability to design and conduct experiments, analyze and interpret data. c. Ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. d. Ability to function on multidisciplinary teams. e. Ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems. f. Understanding of professional and ethical responsibility. g. Ability to communicate effectively. h. The broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context. i. Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in life-long learning. j. Knowledge of contemporary issues. k. Ability to use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie Luster-Teasley, North Carolina A&T State University; Sirena C. Hargrove-Leak, Elon University; Cindy Waters, North Carolina A&T State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

article “This is Not Farming” written by Katie Dobie (2011). Thisarticle discussed the issues surrounding Confined Animal Feeding Operations and environmental Page 24.940.5contamination. Students were asked to research the topic discussed and identify fact versusbiases in the article. Lab Skills: Environmental Justice and Ethics, Identifying fact from biases,Contamination of soil and water, EPA regulations for fecal coliform contamination in drinkingwater and recreational water, Quantitative measurement of bacteria.Case 4: Tours Students toured a local LEED Platinum hotel where they learn about green buildings,water conservation, and

Conference Session

Design Across the Curriculum

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aruna Shekar, Massey University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

pill dispenser for the elderly; new breakfast cereal and packaging. Semester 4 Product Manufacturing Manufacturing of a coil winding machine.For example, the first project (Global Perspectives) is designed to introduce students toengineering in a global context. Specific emphasis is on: Understanding and applying the basic design process Awareness of cultural, ethical, economic and social needs Personal and professional characteristics – critical and creative thinking Project planning Written communication Page 24.1016.5The knowledge gained in the other first

Conference Session

Models of community engagement practices

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Linda Vanasupa, California Polytechnic State University; Lizabeth T. Schlemer, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

research questions themselves (e.g., What is the underlyingassumptions beneath the questions that are being asked? Who defines the system of study?)Objective research is best utilized in the study of inanimate objects which can be manipulatedwith fewer ethical concerns; However, it is less applicable to human systems where manipulationand control of human subjects raises ethical questions. In action research, the aim is to serve thecreation of the desired outcome. In our case, our research was initiated with the intent of creatingsocial value toward thriving communities. The result of action research is “meaning,” derivedthrough reflexive contemplation of the patterns, to include the thought patterns of theresearchers, who are themselves subjects