Conference Session

Design and Graphics Potpourri

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Trivett, University of Prince Edward Island; Stephen Champion, University of Prince Edward Island

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

published by the CanadianEngineering Accreditation Board5.The greatest challenge in implementing PBL in existing courses is overcoming the level ofdiscomfort instructors have with the teaching methods. This problem is exacerbated by thewidely different class-sizes and physical resources in all seven campuses in the Dalhousieprogram. In order to help engineering faculty in Atlantic Canada adopt new teaching styles,guidance for PBL teaching in the first year is essential. While the immediate intent of the projectis to aid faculty in the 7 target programs in Atlantic Canada, this problem is present in manyuniversities where faculty are unfamiliar with PBL teaching approaches.There are two reasons why you might continue reading this paper. 1) You may

Conference Session

Assessment in Graphics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Burke, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

experienceexclusively in solid geometric modeling. Through the paradigm of Project Based Learning, ascaffolded approach encouraging student exploration and experimentation was employedacross the study. Page 25.26.2 Figure 1 - Parametric surface modeling Figure 2 - Freeform Polygonal modelingThe choice of software for each task was based on marketing material analysed from a rangeof software and claims on what they are designed to do, in addition to the researcher’sexperience having had success with both for similar design tasks. The parametric surfacemodeling program chosen for the study was SolidWorks 2011. For the

Conference Session

Assessment in Graphics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Niall Seery, University of Limerick; Diarmaid Lane, University of Limerick; Donal Canty, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. Thestudy observes students development of a portfolio in response to a given design task. Theinitial group was required to produce their solutions in response to determined (see Table 1)assessment criteria (needs were determined by the teacher/expert), while the second groupwere required to solve the same brief by demonstrating their view of graphical capabilitywith no explicit outcomes defined (develop their own epistemological understanding). Fordescriptive purposes these groups were labeled as ‘Determinist’ and ‘Non-Determinist’.The off-set cohort analysis type study was utilized to compare work from the twoconsecutive year three groups. A stratified sample was employed within each group toensure that the variability within strata was minimized

Conference Session

Assessment in Graphics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alice Y. Scales, North Carolina State University; Terri E. Varnado, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

active learningstrategies, processes, and procedures. In looking at the literature, limited information has beenfound on strategies to integrate active learning. The active learning strategies discussed willfocus mainly on course content that can be utilized in engineering/technical graphics courses inhigher education settings.Introduction“Schools exist to provide educational opportunities. Education should enable students to developmentally, physically, morally, and aesthetically through the "experienced" curriculum”1 [p. 650].Formal instruction has two primary objectives1. First, cognitive development provides long-termacquisition and retention of stable and organized extensive bodies of knowledge and meaning.Second, is the growth in the

Conference Session

Spatial Visualization

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeremy V. Ernst, Virginia Tech; Aaron C. Clark, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

does exist between the two instruments assessmentscores indicating that further research is needed for subgroup analysis. This led theresearchers to start exploring with subgroups an begin with one population that has little tono research about it at the post secondary level, at-risk populations and the potentialdifferentiation this population could have between the two assessment instruments beingused for both this study, and previous ones3.Research QuestionsThere were two research questions with a total of two subsequent investigational hypothesesproposed and researched in this study: 1) Are there identifiable differences or associations between introductory engineering graphics at-risk and not at-risk students’ mental rotation

Conference Session

Spatial Visualization

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diarmaid Lane, University of Limerick; AJ Hamlin, Michigan Technological University; Norma L. Veurink, Michigan Technological University; Niall Seery, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Seery, University of Limerick Page 25.1340.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 The Role of Observational Sketching in Forming and Manipulating Graphical LibrariesThe ability to externalize libraries of visual mental imagery through freehand sketching is acomplex cognitive skill. Lane [1] devised and empirically validated a model of developmentalexercises which ranged along a continuum from observation to imagination. The purpose ofthe model was to promote freehand sketching as a sense making tool while developing theability to form, manipulate, synthesize

Conference Session

Assessment in Graphics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary A. Sadowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Judith A. Birchman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Brandon Xavier Karcher, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Page 25.1341.2at the costs and effectiveness of their recruiting efforts. The Web and social media offer a meansto reach out to prospective students that is both economical and current. Like many others, theCollege of Technology at Purdue University has embarked on creating a presence in the realm ofsocial media. Social media can be defined as “a group of internet-based applications that build onthe ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and that allow the creation andexchange of User Generated Content.”1 Facebook and Twitter are two of the most prevalentsocial media outlets utilized by the College of Technology. This survey was used to gauge theawareness level of incoming students and determine the effectiveness of recruiting

Conference Session

Spatial Visualization

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheryl A. Sorby, Ohio State University; Norma L. Veurink, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. In examining the additional data for 2010 and2011, it appears that the improvement might have “leveled off” somewhat. Table 1 includes the averagescores of students from 2006 through 2011. It is apparent from examination of the data in Table 1 thatthe trend for increasing scores may have stabilized. Further, it is assumed that if indeed the scores forstudents changed over time that they changed for all students—domestic, minority, and international— Page 25.1172.3equivalently. Table 1. Average PSVT:R Scores for all students 2006-2011Year Number of PSVT:R Scores

Conference Session

Design and Graphics Potpourri

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Patrick Hewerdine; James M. Leake, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; W Brent Hall, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

these properties, designers can guarantee better part quality, partinterchangeability, and part function. One company that utilizes GD&T is Caterpillar Inc., wherea specific group is dedicated to the analysis and implementation of geometric tolerances [1].Many of the problems this group encounters originate from engineers who lack sufficientknowledge of GD&T practices. As a result the company spends significant financial resources oncorrective actions, as well as on teaching engineers the proper fundamentals of GD&T. This isnot a problem unique to Caterpillar Inc., and despite the prevalence of the tool across manydifferent industries, frequently young engineers do not leave university training with a goodfoundation in the topic

Conference Session

Improving Visualization Skills

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy E. Study, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Page 22.1023.4grades were used in the calculations in this study. Students in the test group had an overall mathGPA of 2.45 and a physics GPA of 2.07. Control group subjects had a math GPA of 1.11 and aphysics GPA of 1.02.Retention RatesOf the 56 students in the test group, 14 graduated, 40 are still retained in their major, 1 changedmajor, and 1 withdrew from the university. Of the 51 students in the control group, 4 graduated,35 remain enrolled in their major, 2 changed major, and 10 withdrew from the university. Not allthose students who left the university were suspended because of a low GPA.AnalysisUsing a t-test to compare the overall grade point averages of the test versus control group (Table1) found the test group had a significantly

Conference Session

Assessment in Engineering Graphics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Chin, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. Authors must be able to negotiate the submission, editorial, andpublication process. Reviewers need to continue evaluating manuscripts. Editors need to workwith authors and reviewers with relative ease. However, sustaining a journal’s performance canonly be achieved by the editorial staff with the aid of data and the use of statistics to ascertain itsperformance. While there are numerous applications and performance measures a journal canuse, and many more that online journals can pursue, the focus of this study was to beginmeasuring the performance of the online EDGJ by reporting on the most frequently visitedarticles published by the online EDGJ. Google Analytics (GA) was used to collect the data andto produce the statistics for this study.1, 2

Conference Session

Teaching Strategies for Solid Modeling

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Derek M. Yip-Hoi, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

parametric modeling.9 Be able to generate tool paths for manufacturing a wide Surface models are extensively used for 3 and 5-axis tool path generation range of products and tooling. and verification.10 Skill in programming and operating CNC equipment for Requires knowledge of post-processing since surface machining cannot be machining products and tooling. done manually. Verification, set-up and tooling are different than prismatic machining. Table 1. Surface Modeling Support of CAD/CAM Technologist Skill SetSurface Modeling in the CAD/CAM CurriculumFigure 1 summarizes the primary courses that

Conference Session

Teaching Strategies for Solid Modeling

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Derek M. Yip-Hoi, Western Washington University; Jeffrey L. Newcomer, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

the vast assortment of LEGO® themes and kits that are available on the market, the LEGO® concept does generate creativity. At the same time being a modular approach to constructing a product it allows constraints to be placed by the instructor that help to manage the effort. One technique used for this is to require students to build a Platfrom around which their concept is to be developed. Figure 1 shows an example of a platform and a concept developed around it. Platforms can be constrained by the theme of the project and the number and types of blocks used. This provides control over the size and effort put into creating a model. Figure 1. Platform Concept Complementing the

Conference Session

Design and Graphics Potpourri

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William DeLuca, North Carolina State University; Nasim Lari, North Carolina State University; Jeremy V Ernst, North Carolina State University; Aaron C. Clark, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

) concepts. Cur- rently, Dr. DeLuca is the Principle Investigator of the GRIDc: Green Research for Incorporating Data in the Classroom project (Phase 1, 0737180; Phase 2, 0920268). The purpose of this NSF CCLI project is to develop curricula to teach STEM concepts associated with renewable energy technologies by provid- ing a living laboratory of performance data from numerous renewable energy systems. The overarching goal of the project is to develop undergraduate students’ higher-order thinking skills in the context of a data-rich learning environment. In addition, he is Co-PI of the NSF ITEST funded project GRADUATE: Games Requiring Advanced Developmental Understanding and Achievement in Technological Endeavors

Conference Session

Assessment in Engineering Graphics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Theodore J. Branoff, North Carolina State University; Eric N. Wiebe, North Carolina State University; Mark Anthony Shreve, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. Originally thecourse had two face-to-face meetings per week. The revised course now has one face-to-facemeeting, and students are expected to complete additional online material outside of class. Theonline materials consist of streaming media of voiced-over lectures, online assessments of thetextbook material, solid modeling demonstrations, and sketching videos. Previous studiessuggest that students had multiple strategies for making use of these online resources, and thatthese strategies had implications for learning outcomes on summative measures in the course 1-5.The next progression in evaluating the effectiveness of the course is to examine the resourcessupporting the solid modeling component of the course. When faculty first introduced

Conference Session

Teaching Strategies for Solid Modeling

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Anthony Shreve, North Carolina State University; Theodore J. Branoff, North Carolina State University; Eric N. Wiebe, North Carolina State University; Jeremy V. Ernst, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. Previous studies involving this coursesuggest that students had multiple strategies for making use of the online resources related toasynchronous video lectures, and that these strategies had implications for learning outcomes onsummative measures in the course 1-5.The researchers are studying the efficiency of knowledge transfer between concepts presentedwithin the online solid modeling demonstrations and submitted student work. For this research,data was collected from students who were enrolled in two sections of the course taught by thesame instructor. Data were collected and analyzed to better understand when students viewed thesoftware demonstrations in relation to when they submitted assignments. The analysis involvedassessing student work

Conference Session

Teaching Strategies for Solid Modeling

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Spencer Barnes, North Carolina State University; Eric N. Wiebe, North Carolina State University; Theodore J. Branoff, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

choice, or fill-in-the-blankformats. Each question was worth 10 points, up to a maximum of 50 points per Page 22.1454.5assessment. There were also two SM exercises that coincided with each lesson andevaluated the amount of near transfer and far transfer experienced by the participants.These exercises are referred to as near transfer SM exercises and far transfer SMexercises, respectively. Both types of SM exercises were scored out of 100 pointsaccording to predetermined evaluation criteria.Two experimental conditions were present within this study: 1) a treatment condition(n=60) that received access to one full video, one partial video, and one design

Conference Session

Improving Visualization Skills

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norma L. Veurink, Michigan Technological University; AJ Hamlin, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

performed by gender.BackgroundSpatial skills are important for a variety of careers. Smith (1964)1 identified at least 84 careerareas for which spatial skills are important. Spatial skills, and in particular the ability to rotateimages in one’s mind, are especially important for technical fields such as engineering (Maier,1994)2. Studies have shown that spatial visualization skills are a factor in the success ofengineering students. Gimmestad (1989)3 found that students’ spatial visualization skills were astronger predictor of success in an engineering design course than math ACT scores orexperience in a high school shop or drafting class. Blasko et al. (2004)4 found that incomingspatial skills predicted 20 % of the total variance in course grades

Conference Session

Improving Visualization Skills

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norma L Veurink, Michigan Technological University; Sheryl A. Sorby, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

, the spatialskills course was re-designed from a 3-credit lecture-based quarter course to a 1-credit lab-basedcourse. Students “failing” the PSVT:R were encouraged to take the spatial training course asbefore. Over time, the student grapevine began endorsing the benefits of the course and graduallythe enrollment consisted of about 60-70% of those failing the PSVT:R. In 2004, a secondlongitudinal study found that students who “failed” the PSVT:R but took the course had highergrades, retention rates, and found it easier to learn solid modeling than students “failing” thePSVT:R but choosing not to take the spatial training course (Sorby18). In this second longitudinalstudy, grades were examined in a number of foundational courses including

Conference Session

Design and Graphics Potpourri

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Holly K. Ault, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

projects are not dependent upon theuse of a specific CAD software package. The course description states that students should havea background in ―calculus, linear algebra, introductory computer programming, and ability toutilize a solid modeling CAD system.‖ The students’ level of CAD experience in the most recentoffering of the course is depicted in Figure 1 (n=16 students). Note that some students take thecourse with little or no CAD or solid modeling experience, in spite of the catalog prerequisitesand the instructor’s statement of expectations at the beginning of the course. ME593 Students' CAD Experience Extensive experience

Conference Session

Assessment in Engineering Graphics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amanda Varricchio, Daniel Webster College; Theodore J. Branoff, North Carolina State University; Melissa Kelly, Daniel Webster College; James O'Donnell; Joseph A. Donovan, Daniel Webster College; Nicholas Bertozzi, Daniel Webster College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

well. To date,there have been over 35 million viewings of the Khan Academy videos. His knowledge andvideos are now helping students all over the world develop better academic skills4.In Figure 1, the progress of 30 eighth graders using Khan Academy over a course of six weeks Page 22.491.3can be observed. The horizontal axis shows the days that the students had been working on thesite and the vertical axis shows the modules that the students had completed. The black linetraces the average progress of the students, and the green line represents the standard deviation(one above average and one below average). The purple line represents a special

Conference Session

Improving Visualization Skills

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yaomin Dong, Kettering University; Jacqueline A. El-Sayed, Marygrove College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Engineering Graphics course, severalimprovements were implemented. The enhancements to the existing Engineering Graphicscourse are discussed.1. IntroductionFor the past 75 years, Kettering University has provided its students with top quality classroominstruction, state-of-the-art laboratory facilities and career-oriented work experience in industry.Kettering offers Bachelors Degree programs in engineering, science, mathematics, andmanagement. Kettering students begin a unique five year cooperative education program in theirfreshmen year by alternating 12-week period of classroom studies with related work experiencein over 600 corporate affiliates. The corporate sponsors of Kettering University students includeover 600 other companies as well as the

Conference Session

Improving Visualization Skills

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diarmaid Lane, University of Limerick; Niall Seery, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

visualand verbal protocols were broken down into ten types of procedures which were then locatedbetween three major categories which include; Exploration, Generation and ExecutiveControl (Middleton, 2008, p.197).A sample of the type of data that can be outputted using this scheme is shown in Figure 1.Note the very different types of problem solving strategies applied; where Subject A1 isperceived as a novice and Subject A3 is perceived as an expert. The expert engages insignificant exploration in the beginning and once problem solving commenced the problemwas largely resolved by tentile 4. A more detailed analysis of the research methodologyapplied by Middleton (2008) will be provided later in the paper. Figure 1 – Scatterplot showing cognitive

Conference Session

Assessment in Engineering Graphics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Niall Seery, University of Limerick; Diarmaid Lane, University of Limerick; Donal Canty, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

within design and technology centres on therelationship between design and make. Baynes6 makes two critical points in relationto this relationship 1. There is a temptation to overvalue and hence to over assess the finished product. 2. There is often a mis-match between the pupil‟s imaginative vision and the pupil‟s ability to achieve it in realityValuing design without makeIt is difficult to contextualise Design and Communication Graphics, which hassimilarities with Art and Design and yet is comfortably housed in technologicaleducation within the Irish second level curriculum. Rutland7 explored the approachesto designing in Art and Design and Design and Technology in the UK curriculumwhich gives a valuable insight into the

Conference Session

Teaching Strategies for Solid Modeling

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seokyoung Ahn, University of Texas - Pan American; Robert A. Freeman, University of Texas, Pan American; Stephen W. Crown, University of Texas, Pan American; Gregory Allen Potter, The University of Texas - Pan American

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

the purpose of design media and subject matter, certain educational toyswere chosen for their basic geometry and inherent familiarity. These lessons will be based uponthe “How People Learn” framework using the Star Legacy Cycle.The Star Legacy Cycle Page 22.470.2The Star Legacy Cycle is the basis of Challenge Based Instruction (CBI) and consists of thefollowing:   Figure 1 ‐ Flowchart of the Legacy Cycle4The Star Legacy Cycle challenges traditional ways of teaching, however has delivered suchpromising results, it has become very popular in the

Conference Session

Spatial Ability and Visualization in Graphics Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheryl Sorby, Michigan Technological University; Norma Veurink, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

orshop courses, a marginally significant factor was obtained.In various studies conducted through the years, many background factors have beenshown to be correlated with well-developed spatial ability. Although each study hasproduced slightly different results, it seems that activities that require eye-to-handcoordination are those that help to develop these skills. Activities that have been found todevelop spatial skills include: 1) playing with construction toys as a young child, 2)participating in classes such as shop, drafting, or mechanics as a middle school orsecondary student, 3) playing 3-dimensional computer games, 4) participating in sometypes of sports, and 5) having well-developed mathematical skills.In recent studies, the role of

Conference Session

Research in Graphics Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aaron Clark, North Carolina State University; Jeremy Ernst, North Carolina State University; Brian Downs, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

respondents or 46.3% reported five or more courses. Respondentswere then asked to list the top three CAD/modeling/CAM/animation software packages used attheir educational institutions. This question was answered by 49 respondents or 87.5% of thetotal respondents. The variety of responses given by respondents covered programs dedicated tovarious disciplines within the field of technical/engineering graphics education (see Table 1). Page 15.100.5Table 1 Top Seven CAD/Modeling/CAM/Animation Software Packages used in Technical/Engineering Graphics Courses Software Frequency (n = 49) Mean %* AutoCAD

Conference Session

Research in Graphics Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Wiebe; Theodore Branoff; Mark Shreve

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

reported 19 different strategies for completing the materialrelated to the textbook. The top 3 strategies were: 1) watched the voiced-over PowerPoint, readand reviewed the chapter(s), and then completed the online assessment (30%); 2) read andreviewed the chapter(s) and then completed the online assessment (11%); and 3) read thechapter(s), watched the voiced-over PowerPoints, and then completed the online assessment(7%). Approximately 13% of students did not use a study strategy that involved viewing thevoiced-over PowerPoints5.This study was repeated during the fall 2008 semester with 3 sections of GC120 (74 students).The same streaming media presentations of the textbook material were available to studentsonline. The post course survey revealed

Conference Session

Spatial Ability and Visualization in Graphics Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patrick Connolly, Purdue University; James Beeler, Purdue University; Pat Connaughton, Purdue University; Jared Price, Purdue University; Ben Trefz, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

popularity as these challenges are overcome. It has beenembraced by a variety of industries. It has already been incorporated into the medical industry asa tool for doctors to practice before complicated and delicate surgeries,11 by psychiatrists as apotential way to cure phobias,12 and by universities as a means to create interactive tours of theircampuses for visitors.13The technology required for simple augmented reality applications is easily attainable.1 For thisstudy, an augmented reality software program was utilized called BuildAR, provided byHITLabNZ. The program utilizes the computer-based camera to create augmented reality imageson the computer screen. The user creates ‘markers,’ black squares with white patterns inside ofthem, that are

Conference Session

Design and Graphics Potpourri

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan W. Hartman, Purdue University, Computer Graphics Technology; Mitchell L. Springer, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

information, it does mirrorprocesses and technology implementations in the aerospace industry, thus readily enablinglearning transfer from the classroom to the job setting. Feedback was gathered from students atthe end of each course and incorporated into the next revision of the curriculum.In June 2007, a cohort of 20 students started the first course. The students were from variousbackgrounds, including design, manufacturing, purchasing/procurement, quality, andadministration. The lecture content was delivered online from Purdue faculty during eveninghours on Monday and Wednesday. However, between Course 1 and Course 2 in the program, anumber of people dropped out. A number of reasons for this were cited in end of courseevaluations, including