Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Troy Harding, Kansas State University Salina

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

to running on the Windows-based computers used duringclass, it has also been tested on MacBooks, Android phones and tablets, iPads, and a Blackberryphone. Small screens and touchscreens make interactions somewhat cumbersome, but theywork fine for following along and making small edits.Student Perspective Page 24.573.4The students were surveyed at the end of the semester. The survey used a Likert scale wherestudents rated their agreement with a series of statements as 1) Strongly Agree; 2) Agree; 3)Disagree; 4) Strongly Disagree; and 5) Not Applicable. Students also had the opportunity toanswer some open-ended questions. Twenty-two students out

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed S. Khan, DeVry University, DuPage; Aminul Karim, DeVry University,Downers Grove, IL

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, professional credentials and certifications,professional experience, ongoing professional development, contributions to thediscipline, teaching effectiveness, and communication skills.”The nature, demands, and vocabulary of scholarship are also evolving. Ernest Boyer, inhis 1990 Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate, suggested fourinterrelated dimensions of scholarship: discovery, integration, application, and teaching(see Table 1).2Table 1. Dimensions of Scholarship according to Ernest Boyer (1990)2.Scholarship domain Description The Scholarship of Discovery - Research as the central ingredient of the intellectual environment

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Joseph Michael PE, Gannon University; Fredrick A. Nitterright, Pennsylvania State University, Erie; Robert Edwards, Pennsylvania State University, Erie

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

,the sheriff’s report, and testimony from various forensic engineering experts. The informationprovided in the executive summary is available in numerous on-line articles posted on varioussteam tractor websites2,3. Students are provided with these links and encouraged to review them.Students are also presented with several forensic photos of the actual tractor after explosion(Figure 1) and various micrographs depicting the fracture surface of the failed crown plate.Finally, several schematics and engineering drawings are provided to describe the failure andconstruction of the boiler (Figure 2). These figures clearly show the structural failure of thecrown plate (top of firebox) which led to the boiler explosion.Figure 1: Photo of Antique

Conference Session

Robotics and Automation

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Warren Rosen, Drexel University (Eng.); Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Engineering Tech); M. Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

particular, is an iterative activity. Iteration, loopingback to explore alternatives, is an essential part of the design process.5,6 Iterating is, of course,time consuming and costly, but a systematic search for creative solutions early on in the processis not, either extremely costly or terribly time consuming and is fundamental to the design ofinnovative products. Therefore, in this project, students learn what engineers have to deal withand how to look at a problem and take the steps to fix it.Figure 1. (a) Student design sketches for various components (b) CAD Design using GoogleSketchUp (c) CAD Design using SolidWorks®, (d) Improved CAD Design using SolidWorks

Conference Session

Renewable Energy Topics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ulan Dakeev, University of Michigan, Flint; Quamrul H. Mazumder, University of Michigan, Flint; Toufiq Hussain, University of Michigan, Flint; James Tristan Pung, University of Michigan-Flint

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

output by more than 60% [1-4]. A wind tunnel apparatus (WTA) is a shrouding that isplaced in front of the wind turbine [4]. The inlet of the WTA is larger in diameter than the outletand is based upon the equation of continuity where the product of the wind velocity at the inlet(v1) and the cross-sectional area at the inlet (A1) is equal to the product of the wind velocity at theoutlet (v2) and the cross-sectional area at the outlet (A2): v1A1= v2A2 [1]Equation 1 shows that as the area decreases the velocity of the air is forced to increase.Additionally, the increase of the air velocity causes the wind turbine to generate a higher poweroutput because the power

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Answering a Renewed Call for Action in Engineering TechnologyIntroduction The 2013 Engineering Technology Leadership Institute (ETLI) meeting in Washington,D.C.1 was organized in a bold new format that promises results in addressing EngineeringTechnology (ET) concerns. Holding ETLI in the nation’s capital increases the involvement ofkey members of federal organizations that affect ET’s well-being, thus placing ET in a nationalspotlight. The panelists expressed their views and offered an opportunity for participants todiscuss issues relevant to re-branding ET, global perspectives on educating engineers, the role ofindustry in engineering education, and strategies that expand

Conference Session

Simulations and Project-Based Learning II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Miguel Bazdresch, Rochester Institute of Technology (CAST)

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

common pitfalls, we present some teaching and learning strategies wehave developed to address them.IntroductionSimulation plays an important role in engineering education,1 and communications systemseducation is not the exception.2 Using a numerical computing language, students can put inpractice the theory behind communications and signals and systems, easily plot signals and theirspectra, and predict the performance of eventual hardware implementations. Simulation,especially when coupled with a dynamic, scripting language like Matlab or Python, is also a verygood environment for learning and practicing skills such as system debugging and performanceevaluation.A course on communications systems can be organized in myriad ways, and many

Conference Session

Simulations and Project-Based Learning II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Turner, Purdue University (Statewide Technology); Chris Foreman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Rajeswari Sundararajan, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Page 24.307.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Computer Simulation Tools to Enhance Undergraduate Power Systems EducationAbstractThis paper presents a review of software simulation tools relevant for use in undergraduateelectrical power systems education. A study of the software packages is presented with respectto their utility in teaching according to the Cognitive Domain Hierarchy of Bloom's Taxonomy.1. IntroductionIn recent years a variety of factors have combined to place increasing pressure on the electricpower industry; including increasing electrical energy demand, aging infrastructure, energyindependence and security goals, and increasingly stringent

Conference Session

New Course Development Concepts in ET II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aaron Alexander, Oklahoma State University; Kenneth Belanus, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

results to identify theresonant frequencies as part of their lab report.Introduction:A three-tiered structure serves as an excellent platform for students to conduct accelerometervibration measurements and analyze the acquired data with the ubiquitous Fast FourierTransform (FFT). While the concept behind the structure was originally developed at theUniversity of Pittsburgh at Johnstown 1, the current laboratory procedure has expanded theconcept by simplifying the structure, adding in an inexpensive adjustable vibration source thatallows for the exploration of multiple modes, and expanding the mounting possibilities of theaccelerometer(s).In conducting this lab, students gain experience with the mounting and use of accelerometers,learn about

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jason K. Durfee P.E., Eastern Washington University; William R. Loendorf, Eastern Washington University; Doris M. Munson, Eastern Washington University; Donald C. Richter, Eastern Washington University; Terence Geyer, Eastern Washington University; Martin William Weiser, Eastern Washington University; A. Hossain, Eastern Washington University; Hani Serhal Saad, Eastern Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

summarized in Table I. The only students not included in the following dataare those who dropped out of the courses and those who arranged to receive an incomplete. Atthe time of this paper, there was not enough data to report on the performance of students whoreceived incompletes. Table 1 Demographic Summary of the Students in this Study Male Female Subtotal Male Female SubtotalFirst Generation Pell Grant 502 88 590 85% 15% 63% No Pell Grant 281 66 347 81% 19% 37% Subtotal 783 154 937 84% 16%Non-First Generation Pell Grant

Conference Session

Topics Enhancing ET Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Immanuel Adaikalaraj Edinbarough, University of Texas, Brownsville; Mikhail Bouniaev, University of Texas, Brownsville; Bill W. Elliott, The University Of Texas at Brownsville

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

STEM and ET enrollment in the near future.These agreements are a “win-win” for both UTB and the regional community colleges. They arealso in line with the missions of UTB and the participating community colleges, and are in linewith the UTB's goal of providing state-of-the-art high technology programs to residents in theregion. Historically, 1 in 5 students (20%) graduating from the community colleges continuetheir education and enroll in a baccalaureate program at the university; CSMT intends to attractthe majority of this population to its STEM and ET programs through these articulations.VII. ConclusionThe STEM programs at UTB historically have not attracted enough minority students, especiallyin the fields of Engineering Technology and

Conference Session

Simulations and Project Based Learning I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed H. Elsawy, Tennessee Technological University; Mohamed Abdelrahman, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Sally J. Pardue, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Paper ID #8867Defect Simulation of AL319 in Lost Foam Casting – an REU UndergraduateResearch ExperienceDr. Ahmed H. Elsawy, Tennessee Technological University Dr. Ahmed ElSawy joined Tennessee Technological University (TTU) as a Professor and Chairperson, Department of Manufacturing and Industrial Technology in July 1, 1999. He holds B.Sc., M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering with emphasis on Materials processing and Manufacturing engineering. Prior joining TTU Dr. ElSawy held several industrial and academic positions in the USA and abroad. Dr. ElSawy teaching and research interests are in the areas of

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steve C. Hsiung, Old Dominion University; John M. Ritz, Old Dominion University; Ece Yaprak, Wayne State University; Feng Jao, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

refined microcontroller laboratory board has the followingfeatures: 1. All component parts are available from vendor purchases. 2. The system could be used with Microchip (PICKit2, PICKit3), NXP/Philips (LPCX), and Arduino systems for programming, simulation operation, and debugging. 3 Power options would included +-5V, +-12V, +3.3V, digital and analog I/O, LCD, and LED displays, RS232 and USB communication capabilities, 2.4GHz wireless module, and high and low power isolation for digital/analog and motor drive control. 4. OPAmp, EEPROM, DAC operations, and SPI Bus would be available. 5. FET/IRF530*8 power for stepper and DC motor controls would be available. 5 The design of a common teaching platform played a

Conference Session

Simulations and Project-Based Learning II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gonca Altuger-Genc, State University of New York, Farmingdale State College; Yue Han, Stevens Institute of Technology; Yegin Genc

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

differentschedules: Students usually have 1 – 2 week time to go over the material on their own and askany questions they might have. However, constant feedback is an important component ofdistance learning, and educators’ encouragement is essential when it comes to constantfeedback[1]. Constant feedback is a great way to ensure the quality of online learning. SloanConsortium defined the five pillars of online learning as: “learning effectiveness, costeffectiveness, student satisfaction, faculty satisfaction and access”[2], where quality can bedefined as the overlapping of these pillars[3]. This becomes especially important when solvingmechanical engineering problems, which tend to be complex and often open-ended

Conference Session

Renewable Energy Topics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Biswajit Ray, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Unidirectional Continuous Load + Bidirectional V_2 V_1 Actuator Load Ultracapacitor DC/DC bank Converter Boost Figure 1: An example HESS for avionics. Figure 2: Bidirectional buck/boost dc-dc

Conference Session

Simulations and Project Based Learning I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Magesh Chandramouli, Purdue University, Calumet (College of Technology); George Takahashi, Purdue University; Gary R. Bertoline, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Page 24.381.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 1 Desktop VR Centered Project Based Learning in ET Courses Using a Low-cost Portable VR SystemIn this paper desktop VR is used as a medium to deliver Project-based Learning (PBL) curriculato Engineering and technology students. Recently, several courses in engineering and technologyeducation seem to be focusing more on proprietary software tools for modeling, visualization,and animation. While learning a software tool surely will add to the skill sets of students, thiscannot replace theoretical knowledge. A strong understanding

Conference Session

Simulations and Project-Based Learning II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert C. Creese, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

educators bringgeometric programming into the classroom as most of the literature on geometric programmingdoes not focus on the development of design relationships and cost ratios. Other problems,which are more complex, have been developed for riser design in casting, inventory models,furnace design, Cobb-Douglas Profit function, metal cutting economics, liquid propane gascylinder design, journal bearing design, and gas transmission pipe line design. This technique has many similarities to linear programming such as primal and dualsolutions, but has the advantages over linear programming in that:(1) A non-linear objective function is used;(2) The constraints are non-linear:(3) The objective function can be solved using the dual formulation

Conference Session

ETAC, ABET, & STEM Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Les Kinsler, Kansas State University, Salina; Saeed Khan, Kansas State University, Salina

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

technology faculty indelivering such an initiative? What form should it take?Clues to answer the first question were found from a literature search and a survey of area highschool counselors and teachers, community college technology program directors, careerservices liaison, four-year administration, and faculty. Observations of the survey data (Table 1)as reported in a 2010 paper1seem to indicate the respondents felt that their understanding ofengineering/engineering technology ( the ‘E’ and ‘T’ of STEM) as being lower than theunderstanding of Math/Science (the ‘S’ and the ‘M’ of STEM). The responses seem to indicatethat there is a greater need for the involvement by engineering/engineering technology programsin STEM education

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheng Y. Lin P.E., Old Dominion University; Yuzhong Shen, Old Dominion University; Mileta Tomovic, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

main problems isto provide hands-on experience to students. This is because students can only use designsoftware to complete their homework and lab problems without being able to touch PLCs or wireladder logic diagrams. In this paper, the authors develop a virtual laboratory to help DE studentsgain hands-on wiring experience in the automation control classes. The developmentsignificantly shortens the gap on the issue of hands-on experience between on-campus studentsand DE students. To increase the performance of safety and effectiveness, on-campus studentscan also take the advantage of using the software before implementing their laboratory works orsubmitting homework problems.1. IntroductionAs DE programs become more prevalent, and as the

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. Austin Creasy, Purdue University (Statewide Technology)

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. These inventories forthese higher level courses have not received the recognition as seen by the statics course. Here Ipropose that in vibrations, the major concept inventories that students need to understand aredamping, natural frequencies, and mode shapes. All other covered topics are related in someform to these three fundamental concepts. Vibration textbooks cover these three conceptinventories and tend to start teaching the topic in one of three locations: 1) the distributed-parameter system, 2) simple harmonic motion (review from physics), 3) single degree offreedom systems (sdof consisting of a mass and spring that uses Newton’s laws or motions orenergy methods to obtain the equations), and/or a combination of the three.6-10 A lot of

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barry Dupen, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

paper presents an analysis of the quality and quantity of feedback responses, with examplesof positive effects on the textbook over the past three semesters. Although the topic of the bookis Strength of Materials, this paper discusses techniques that can be applied to a variety ofundergraduate engineering textbook topics.IntroductionI spent a sabbatical semester writing a Strength of Materials textbook tailored to the needs ofArchitectural, Civil, and Mechanical Engineering Technology students at IPFW. The writingprocess is described in a previous paper,1 along with the reasons for writing the book: to makethe text more understandable and less wordy, to reduce textbook costs, to use standard Greeksymbols for shear and normal stress, to create

Conference Session

Topics Enhancing ET Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University; Jennifer Grimsley Michaeli PE, Old Dominion University; Otilia Popescu, Old Dominion University; Moustafa R. Moustafa, Old Dominion University; Mileta Tomovic, Old Dominion University; Alok K. Verma P.E., Old Dominion University; Cheng Y. Lin P.E., Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

a multi-domain 9collaboration , as shown in Figure 1. Page 24.706.4 Figure 1: Mechatronic Design Approach9In 1983, Japan's Toyohashi University offered one of the first courses in MechatronicsEngineering10. By the mid 1980's, many universities in Europe began offering Mechatronicscourses as well11. The United Kingdon first offered a Mechatronic course at postgraduate level,and by 1988 offered a coure at undergraduate level as well12. Over the past 30 years, universitiesacross the globe are incorporating Mechatronics courses into their undergraduate and graduateengineering curriculums2 including Associate

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rigoberto Chinchilla, Eastern Illinois University; Oyindamola O. Idowu, Waukegan Schools District 60; Thomas C. MacMullen, Eastern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Design and Components Currently the telecommunication laboratory at Eastern Illinois University is designed asdepicted in Figure 18. On the right side of Figure 1, Six CISCO® Routers are interconnected in aring fashion style. These routers are called the “Internal Network” and are interconnected usingdedicated serial links using the PPP protocol. Each router has its own Local Area Network withat least one computer connected using the Ethernet protocol. This configuration allows thestudents to be familiar with the routers’ IOS, Serial and Ethernet ports, and the basic Static anddynamic routing programming. Neither the IP addresses nor the programming in general of the

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Immanuel Adaikalaraj Edinbarough, University of Texas, Brownsville; Posinasetti Nageswara Rao, University of Northern Iowa; Kanchan Das, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

resulting from human activity. Thispaper presents, from the engineering point of view, the required steps by which sustainability canbe built into systems so that it can be practiced by all concerned. In order to do this, it isnecessary to incorporate sustainability concepts into all aspects of studies done by manufacturingengineers. A curriculum approach is developed in this paper based on the results obtained from aquick survey of manufacturing engineering and technologists.1. Introduction Manufacturing systems, though they create material wealth for humans, consume a great amount of resources while generating a lot of waste. The significant portion of the waste generated during the manufacturing processes, at the use phase, and after the end of

Conference Session

New Course Development Concepts in ET II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J. William White AIA, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Veto Matthew Ray, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Dan D. Koo, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

literature review, resources, course goals, objectives and assignments.Literature reviewThe U.S. construction industry has long been saddled with a reputation as being resistant toinnovation. Countless scholarly papers and articles in the popular press have identified this traitand bemoaned its effects on both the construction industry and the country as a whole.Respected construction researcher E. Sarah Slaughter acknowledged in her study on constructioninnovation that the “…generally accepted perception of the construction industry viewsinnovation as a rare occurrence.”1 This view is supported by industry journals as EngineeringNews Record editorialized in 2003 that innovation within the building industry is nothing lessthan a paradox, noting that

Conference Session

ETD Design II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nina Robson, Texas A&M University; Ibrahim Savas Dalmis, Namık Kemal University; Vasil Trenev, Bulgarian Academy of Science

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

instructional strategies designed by the faculty and the environment created whensuch strategies are used. Discovery learning encompasses an instructional model and strategiesthat focus on active, hands on learning opportunities for students [1], [2], [3]. Bicknell-Holmes andHoffman [4] describe the three main attributes of discovery learning as: (1) exploring and problemsolving to create, integrate and generalize knowledge, (2) student-driven, interest-based activitiesin which the student determines the sequence and frequency, (3) activities to encourage integrationof new knowledge into the learner’s existing knowledge base. These three main attributes combineto make discovery learning different from traditional forms, yielding to the following

Conference Session

Capstone Projects and Experiential Learning

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the offering of two-day VHDL and FPGAdesign workshop for electrical engineering technology faculty as part of National ScienceFoundation- Advanced Technological Education grant. I. IntroductionProgrammable Logic Devices in general and FPGA-based re-programmable logic design becamemore attractive as a design medium during the last decade, and as a result, industrial use ofFPGA in digital logic design is increasing rapidly. As would be expected following technologychange in industry, the need for highly qualified logic designers with FPGA expertise isincreasing at a fast rate. According to the United States Department of Labor, the job outlook ison the rise and will continue to expand for at least the short- to medium-term future [1

Conference Session

Student Learning and Teamwork

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan H. Sarapin M.A., Purdue University; Marilyn A. Dyrud, Oregon Institute of Technology; Marvin I. Sarapin, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Page 25.18.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 3Rs for Engineering Scholars: Responsibilities, Repercussions, and Remedies Associated with Professional PlagiarismIntroductionTo history buffs, Stephen Ambrose is a cultural icon, a “history factory,” as Slate magazine hascharacterized him.1 Until his death nine years ago, Ambrose was a prolific writer, producingnearly a book a year for the past four decades,2 an engaging, compelling author who has madehistory live for the average reader. His celebrated Band of Brothers is now a cable network mini-series, and his works are used as textbooks in college history courses.In 2002, however

Conference Session

Issues in Engineering Technology Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saeed Khan, Kansas State University, Salina

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the numbers ofengineers. So yes, engineering technology leads to engineering careers, but, is there somethingmore to such an academic pathway that brings about benefits prior to the career merger thateventually takes place? What benefits are reaped by companies which employ people from bothtracks? Do these benefits transcend individual companies and produce positive impact at anational and/or global level2,3? The sections to follow deal with the questions raised abovestarting with a look at ABET program criteria for similar named engineering programs andengineering technology programs. Page 23.219.2 Table 1. Comparison of ETAC and EAC

Conference Session

ETAC/ABET RELATED OUTCOME BASED ISSUES

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel K. Jones P.E., SUNYIT; Mohammed Abdallah, SUNYIT

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Page 23.225.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Assessment of Communication and Teamwork Skills in Engineering Technology ProgramsIntroductionInstitutions of higher education have acknowledged that an effective teaching/learning processmust involve assessing and evaluating what and how much students are learning. Assessmentand evaluation leads to improvements in the educational experiences.ETAC/ABET Criteria 3.B.e. and 3B.g. require that graduates demonstrate effective skills inteamwork and communication.1 Therefore, the goal of this project was to develop consistent andefficient methods for assessment of students’ skills in these areas for different programs