Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steve C. Hsiung, Old Dominion University; John M. Ritz, Old Dominion University; Ece Yaprak, Wayne State University; Feng Jao, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the instructional modules. The lab modules doprovide step-by-step instructions to have students complete laboratory work. In addition there arequestions to be answered and worksheets to be used for grading the laboratory work within thelaboratory modules. There are also faculty developed videos that show how the trainer is toperform or control other mechanism that support each lab module. These have been found to aidstudent understanding of laboratory outcomes. Other laboratory modules are planned to alignwith the 16 content modules. # Module Titles # Module Titles 1 Microcontroller Technology 9 Stepper Motors Controls 2 Numbers and Programming Languages 10 DC

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Veto Matthew Ray, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; J. William White, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Dan D. Koo, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

missing. What originally had been identified as a Six Sigma processimprovement project, with the hope of building on an existing plan, was reinvented as a Designfor Six Sigma project to better serve the department’s needs.Experimental MethodThe most common pathway proposed for Lean Six Sigma process improvement is often referredto as the DMAIC process represented by a cycle of define, measure, analyze, improve andcontrol. Nevertheless, this being the most common course for improvement did not make it themost appropriate course to accomplish the department’s goals. Design for Six Sigma, as if therewas no existing process, rather than DMAIC process improvement is more applicable when abusiness chooses to replace one or more core processes and/or

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Immanuel Adaikalaraj Edinbarough, University of Texas, Brownsville; Posinasetti Nageswara Rao, University of Northern Iowa; Kanchan Das, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Manufacturing. His current research interests include Robotics, CIM, Sustainable Manufacturing, Micro Machining and Engineering & Technology Ed- ucation. He has published several papers, in these areas, in various national & international conferences and journals. He has worked in heavy and light manufacturing industries manufacturing pumps, motors, and CNC machine tools in the areas of system design, production planning and control and manufactur- ing. Edinbarough also served in paramilitary forces and in the Air Force. He is a Life Member of the ISTE, a senior life member of the IE (India), a member of the ASEE & SME, and a licensed Professional Engineer (P.E.) in the state of Texas.Prof. Posinasetti Nageswara

Conference Session

Capstone & Senior Design Projects

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Everardo Frias Rios; Ahmed S. Khan, DeVry University, DuPage; Darryl Vince Padgett, DeVry University, Addison

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

science demonstrations that expose students to the STEM areas. There are many people that helped Dr. Padgett reach his career and personal goals in life. Dr. Padgett feels strongly about giving back to the community and trying to make a difference in the lives of others. He is paying it back and paying it forward. Dr. Padgett restores antique automobiles and loves to tinker on things in his spare time. Dr. Padgett is also a long distance motorcycle rider. He commutes approximately 140 miles per day to work on his bike. He has traveled to as far as Ohio, Louisiana, Florida and Texas and it doesn’t bother him to travel 1600 – 1800 miles over three day period. He is currently planning a trip on his bike to Niagara Falls

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

againstproposals made at the ETLI meeting and elsewhere to rebrand ET as General Engineering orApplied Engineering which would subsequently lead to the elimination of the B.S.E.T. degree.Second, a features table is drafted based on the ASEE annual profile metrics for the purpose ofrestarting the conversation on national ranking of ET programs. Third, the article promotes theneed for universities to work toward establishing and nurturing graduate ET programs as a meansto strengthen ET’s footing in academics and scholarship. A generic M.S.E.T. degree plan isoffered as a starting guide. And finally, a cost-effective national marketing strategy is outlined tosignificantly increase ET awareness in the community.On Rebranding ET: Is there really a problem

Conference Session

New Course Development Concepts in ET II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gonca Altuger-Genc, State University of New York, Farmingdale State College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

intotheir classroom materials. Bloom’s Taxonomy is used to connect cognitive domain as studentslearn theory, procedure and practice[5]. Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy is also used in teachingbusiness plan development, especially in measuring the learning outcomes of business plandevelopment[6]. Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy of educational objectives is also used ineducational business games[7].Bloom’s Taxonomy measures the cognitive process dimension andhow cognitive process dimensions are met throughout a learning process through a cognitiveprocess dimension as shown in Table 1. Table 1. The Cognitive Process Dimension[1]In this study Bloom’s Revised taxonomy will be used as a guideline in developing tutorials to beimplemented in the

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nikunja Swain P.E., South Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

“ComputationalThinking Using Hands-On Activities” such as introduction to Excel, PowerPoint, Robotics, and VisualProgramming. These K-12 outreach activities are supported through a project titled - STARS (Students& Technology in Academia, Research & Service) Alliance. The primary objective of the STARS projectis the broadening of participation in computing through best practices and community building.Provisions will be made for visits to these and other K-12 schools to advertise the program and makepresentations on Cyber Security. We plan to make few of the Cyber Security courses and modules onlineto K-12 schools teachers, local two year and four year college teachers and others interested in CyberSecurity education and awareness

Conference Session

Renewable Energy Topics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William B. Phillips Ph.D., DeVry University; William S. Sullivan, DeVry University, Long Beach; Robert Aron PhD, DeVry University; Abour H. Cherif, DeVry University; Susana Fortun Ph.D., DeVry University, Chicago

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

.The renewable energy engineering track curriculum structure is described below. Alterations tothe fundamental core requirements in electronics engineering technology were made to allow forsome formal coverage of biology, chemistry, environmental science, and conservation principles,in addition to the traditional physics, electronics, and mathematics prerequisite knowledgecoursework. This then allowed for advanced studies in the areas of environmental economics,sustainability, environmental sociology, and power transmission, generation of energy, powerelectronics and renewable energy management. Figure 1.0 shows a typical plan of study.Standard Mathematics and Science RequirementsThe following requirements in math and science are the same for

Conference Session

Capstone & Senior Design Projects

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Quinn Alexander Parnell; Turki Arif Aldulaijan, Michigan Technological University; Kerry O'Conner

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

team is required to prepare a typed project proposal in aformal memo format, including a proposed timeline. During the course of the project student'steam meet with their faculty advisor weekly to discuss the progress report. The weekly formalmemo is required the day prior to each weekly meeting and addresses the following three areas:current progress, problems encountered and their resolution, and plan for the following week.To stay on the top of industry requirements sponsoring the project and to receive valuableengineering feedback students conduct by-weekly web conference calls with industry liaison.The oral and written reports due near the end of each semester are to concern themselves withthe progress made in each semester. The one at

Conference Session

Capstone & Senior Design Projects

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University; Jay R. Porter, Texas A&M University; Kristina Rojdev, NASA; Daniel Carrejo, NASA; Anthony J. Colozza

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

within the allotted budget for the project. If standard salaries for all the work completed would Page 24.927.5have been included in the proposed budget, the total costs would have exceeded the NASA budget forthe project. By using a Capstone Design team approach for the design, development and test activities,the Capstone team was offered the opportunity to work on an exciting and challenging project whileproviding a cost effective method to accomplish these initial project elements.The Capstone team began planning the initial design activities during the Fall 2012 semester andcompleted final prototype demonstration, project presentation

Conference Session

ETAC, ABET, & STEM Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carmine C. Balascio, University of Delaware

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

appropriate to the media being used. - Comprehends communication from others. Attends to messages from others; correctly interprets messages and responds appropriately.A complete list of the ET Workplace Competencies (without definitions or key actions) is shownin Table 1.Table 1. ET Workplace Competencies Engineering/Technical Knowledge Analysis and Judgment General Knowledge Planning Continuous Learning Communication Quality Orientation Teamwork Initiative Integrity Innovation Professional Impact Page 24.510.3 Cultural

Conference Session

Simulations and Project Based Learning I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed H. Elsawy, Tennessee Technological University; Mohamed Abdelrahman, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Sally J. Pardue, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

to conducting engineeringresearch. The REU participants each formulated their own research question, developedhypotheses, and planned the required steps to obtain the data needed answer their question. Thestudents took a public path of question development through the use of hand-written postersin the meeting space. Peers, as well as the technical mentors, reviewed the posters throughoutthe first week and made suggestions via post-it notes to refine the students’ research question andtheir research plans. By the end of the first week, the students had become the PI of their ownresearch program. The TTU faculty mentors, graduate students, R&D engineers, and industrymentors then became facilitators to the student PIs. Rigorous weekly

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian A. Alenskis, Purdue University, Richmond, Ind.

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Purdue course. It should be noted thatthe many years of investment in the OLI website by Dr. Anna Dollár and Dr. Paul Steif haveprovided an economical, yet credible, alternative to textbooks and video-recorded facultylectures.Course Design Page 24.1139.3Purdue’s course was not planned as a typical “flipped” class, in which the content is deliveredonline and the full lecture time utilized for other purposes. In this initial use, OLI replaced thelecture component entirely. Thus, OLI then was primarily used to effectively teach the conceptsof statics. The course planning identified two topics that were no longer in the current Purduecourse

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J. William White AIA, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Veto Matthew Ray, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Dan D. Koo, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

faculty members accompany the organization on its field trips. 2. Leadership – Students who assume officer roles within the SSC encounter all of the challenges of leading a group of individuals, including building consensus, implementing Page 24.1224.6 plans / projects, running meetings, maintaining order and successfully collaborating. While leadership skills are a virtue regardless of the profession, construction management students particularly benefits from leadership experience as they proceed with their careers and assume the kind of responsibilities common within the industry. 3. Meeting management – In one of

Conference Session

New Course Development Concepts in ET I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge Crichigno, Northern New Mexico College; Ivan Lopez Hurtado, Northern New Mexico College; Alfredo J. Perez, Northern New Mexico College; Raul R Peralta, Northern New Mexico College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

devise action plans to be implemented toobtain the target.Given that the level of attainment of a student outcome is measured in multiple classes, theDepartment defines the overall level of attainment of a student outcome for the Information Page 24.60.12Engineering Technology (IET) program as follows: • For 100-level and 200-level classes, the Department assigns 1 point if the level of attainment is marked as Target in progress. • For 100-level and 200-level classes, the Department assigns 2 points if the level of attainment is marked as Target met. • For 300-level and 400-level

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed S. Khan, DeVry University, DuPage; Aminul Karim, DeVry University,Downers Grove, IL

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

disagree (SD), 5.5% disagree (D), 14.1% moderately disagree (MD), and 11.7%expressed no opinion (N). The results reveal that the level of agreement for 2013(59.14%) increased compared to 2007 (47.9%) results but decreased compared to 2003(74.8%) results.4. Chairperson’s support for faculty professional development activities/maintenanceof technical currency: 9.4% of respondents strongly agree (SA), 28.1% agree (A), 16.4%moderately agree (MA), 9.4% strongly disagree (SD), 9.4% disagree (D), and 10.2%moderately disagree (MD) that their chairperson helps and supports them to plan theirprofessional development activities to maintain technical currency, and 17.2% expressedno opinion (N). The results for 2013 indicate that that the level of disagreement

Conference Session

Robotics and Automation

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas B. Stout, Tidewater Community College; Steve C. Hsiung, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

reduces the cost perplatform. Being a member of a team with common educational goals and using available tools toachieve these goals creates a significant leverage for instruction and makes the task easier foreveryAssessing the Effectiveness of the Collaborative Efforts This collaborative effort between 2- and 4-year institutions and local high schools is inthe early stages of development. The implementation of the common platform has just startedwith one high school teacher. Assessment data have not been collected to date. Plans are forcomparisons to be made between class grades from the year prior to implementation of theautonomous vehicle into the curriculum and this year’s student grades. Students are also requiredto complete

Conference Session

Topics Enhancing ET Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Immanuel Adaikalaraj Edinbarough, University of Texas, Brownsville; Mikhail Bouniaev, University of Texas, Brownsville; Bill W. Elliott, The University Of Texas at Brownsville

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Energy and Micro Manufacturing. His current research interests include Robotics, CIM, Sustainable Manufacturing, Micro Machining and Engineering & Technology Ed- ucation. He has published several papers, in these areas, in various national & international conferences and journals. He has worked in heavy and light manufacturing industries manufacturing pumps, motors, and CNC machine tools in the areas of system design, production planning and control and manufactur- ing. Edinbarough also served in paramilitary forces and in the Air Force. He is a Life Member of the ISTE, a senior life member of the IE (India), a member of the ASEE & SME, and a licensed Professional Engineer (P.E.) in the state of Texas.Dr

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rigoberto Chinchilla, Eastern Illinois University; Oyindamola O. Idowu, Waukegan Schools District 60; Thomas C. MacMullen, Eastern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

routing as well as graduate courses innetwork security. Both remote networks also contain IP phones that are programmed tointerconnect voice over IP applications between the routers of the External Network. Theacquisition, development and fine tuning of this laboratory set-up took about two years andcurrently are fully functional for application regarding network defense techniques and Page 24.711.5telecommunication’s switching and routing in general. Several more practices and equipmentadditions to this network are planned to be incorporated in the near future related to subjects likeinternal security watchdogs and to simulate hacker attacks from

Conference Session

New Course Development Concepts in ET I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vladimir Genis, Drexel University (Tech.); M. Eric Carr, Drexel University; Siddharth Vyas, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Adrian A. Pollock, MISTRAS Group, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

understanding of and a commitment to address professional and ethical responsibilities including a respect for diversity; j. a knowledge of the impact of engineering technology solutions in a societal and global context; k. a commitment to quality, timeliness, and continuous improvement. 2.2. Topics Covered in the AE CourseThe AE course is a blend of lectures and laboratory projects. All the students work at the sametime on the same lab in pairs with each pair having its own equipment. In the course of adaptingthe technical material to fit this logistical plan, some of the inspector-course labs underwent

Conference Session

ETAC, ABET, & STEM Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elaine M. Cooney, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Conference Session

ETAC, ABET, & STEM Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, relevant topicsthat are covered and expected learning outcomes. Page 24.564.4Module 1: Introduction to Quartus II Software Design SeriesThis introductory module describes FPGA as a new design platform for digital systems, it alsoprovides extensive training on how to use Quartus® II development software to develop anFPGA or CPLD [10]. Students will be able able to create a new project, enter in new or existingdesign files, and compile their design. Students will learn how to plan and manage I/Oassignments and apply timing analysis of design to achieve design goals using Quartus® IIdevelopment software.Module 2: Numbering SystemsThis module introduces

Conference Session

Robotics and Automation

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Warren Rosen, Drexel University (Eng.); Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Engineering Tech); M. Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the car traverses the course and again breaks thelaser beam. Elapsed time is shown on a monitor in real time as the car runs the course (see Figure5b). Each car has a chance to run several trials and the car with the lowest individual time is thewinner.Figure 4. Racecourse used for the project. Page 24.153.8Figure 5. a) Start of a race. The Christmas tree, which provides the starting sequence, can be seenon the right. b) Race timer showing elapsed time.ResultsThe project was used in the fall of 2013 in an introductory engineering technology course. Sevenstudents participated; these were a mix of students who planned either a concentration inelectrical engineering technology

Conference Session

Renewable Energy Topics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University; Keith L. Coogler Dr., Sam Houston State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

environment inthe unit. The simulation is a thermal analysis using the finite element method. There is nostructural analysis. The components are oriented out of plan with each other, not because ofstructural deformation, but because the hot and cold lines in the condenser unit were not parallelto each other and we wanted to avoid putting a mechanical load on the thermoelectric unit. Aflexible component was later added to the system to prevent mechanical loading of thethermoelectric module due to either thermal stress/strain or vibration. Here are the steps arefollowed:  Students studied the overall HVAC unit to determine potential sources of waste energy and devised methods for energy harvesting  Predesign measurements were made to

Conference Session

Simulations and Project Based Learning I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy L. Denton PE, CVA3, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

used. For the initial implementation,it was not possible to reuse the caps, an unfortunate fact to discover when multiple consecutivelaboratory sessions were underway. With more sturdy (and expensive) water bottles, thisproblem was alleviated. Implementation cost is primarily the water bottles: this could benegligible if the instructor plans ahead and saves bottles from a single manufacturer. Otherwise, Page 24.1107.8cost should be on the order of five dollars, depending on class size. If this activity were done in alarge lecture setting, having students bring in their own water bottles and simply pre-measuringand checking material

Conference Session

Distance Learning in Engineering Technology

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela D Hutson-Stone, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Julie M. Little-Wiles, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Eugenia Fernandez, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Patricia Fox, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, students who visited the LMS site less frequentlyearned lower grades than other students who visited more often.The lack of gender differences in course grades and LMS usage is consistent with Beer, Clarkand Jones’4 work, but contradicts McSporran and Young’s3 results which indicated womenearned higher grades in an online course. Based on our conflicting results, and our small femalesample size (n=12), we conclude there was not enough data collected to appropriately drawmeaningful conclusions for this engineering and technology course. Collecting larger samplesmay provide different results than the analysis of this pilot study found. Planned next steps tothis research include the continuation of this study for the IRB approved two-year period

Conference Session

ETAC, ABET, & STEM Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John L. Irwin, Michigan Technological University; Joshua M. Pearce, Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University; Gerald Anzalone, Michigan Technological University; Douglas E. Oppliger P.E., Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

for K-12 science education arepresent at all grade levels at varying degrees. Implementation of these guidelines are present inthe Museum of Science in Boston’s Engineering is Elementary where engineering design isembedded in materials that can be used for both science and language arts for the elementarygrades.1The NGSS guidelines include a framework with eight practices including number six,“constructing explanations and designing solutions”, which is where one major distinction ismade between science and engineering practice. The goal of science is to construct theoriesabout the natural world where the goal of engineering design is to find solutions to problems thatcan be manifested in a physical product, plan, or mechanical device. K-12

Conference Session

Topics Enhancing ET Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Johnson, Texas A&M University; Jorge L Alvarado, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the course and students then “apply” to work on aproject. The instructor then selects the teams to work on the various projects. Throughout thecourse of the semester, student must prepare a project proposal, and submit weekly progressmemos, a mid-term report, and a final report. There are also design reviews prior to both themid-term and final reports.Many of the capstone course projects cannot be completed in one semester due to thecomplexities and requirements set by the industry sponsor. Therefore, each phase of the projectshould be scoped and planned precisely so the next design team can complete the projectsatisfactorily in a timely manner. Furthermore, to ensure a seamless project progress over aperiod of two semesters or more, adequate

Conference Session

Simulations and Project-Based Learning II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Turner, Purdue University (Statewide Technology); Chris Foreman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Rajeswari Sundararajan, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Remote Renewable Energy Systems,” WINDPOWER 2003 Conference, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/CP-500-34043, Austin Texas, pp. 1-18, May 2003.43. G.P. Giatrakos, T.D. Tsoutsos, P.G. Mouchtaropoulos, G.D. Naxakis, and G. Stavrakakis, “Sustainable energy planning based on a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy / hydrogen power system: Application in Karpathos Island, Greece,” Renewable Energy, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 2562-2570, Dec 2009.44. http://www.digsilent.de/index.php/products-powerfactory.html Page 24.307.16

Conference Session

Curriculum & Student Enrollment II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jason K. Durfee P.E., Eastern Washington University; William R. Loendorf, Eastern Washington University; Doris M. Munson, Eastern Washington University; Donald C. Richter, Eastern Washington University; Terence Geyer, Eastern Washington University; Martin William Weiser, Eastern Washington University; A. Hossain, Eastern Washington University; Hani Serhal Saad, Eastern Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, S. E., 2004 , “Keep Students Coming by Keeping them Interested: Motivators for Class Attendance," College Student Journal, 38(1) pp. 157.14. Hancock, T. M., 19__ , “Effects of Mandatory Attendance on Student Performance,” College Student Journal, 28(3) pp. 326-329.15. Immerwahr, J., 2011 , “The Case for Motivational Grading," Teaching Philosophy, 34(4) pp. 335-346.16. King, B. M., Eason, B. L., St. L. O'Brien, Gregory M., 2004 , “Effects on Grades of a New University Policy Requiring Faculty to Take Attendance," Journal of the First-Year Experience & Students in Transition, 16(2) pp. 9-18.17. Kohn, A., 1999, Punished by Rewards: The Trouble with Gold Stars, Incentive Plans, A's, Praise, and Other Bribes