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Displaying results 61 - 87 of 87 in total
Conference Session
Critical Conversations on Being Valued
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Kalynda Chivon Smith, North Carolina A&T State University; Cristina Poleacovschi, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Scott Grant Feinstein; Stephanie Luster-Teasley, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
programs.Limitations and Future Research The findings of this study are compelling, but are limited in their scope. The number ofparticipants recruited for the current study was appropriate for a qualitative study [18], but therewere much fewer women than men and much fewer students attending the HBCU than the PWI.These numbers reflect the larger population of males and students attending the PWI; however,the lack of female students and students attending the HBCU may suggest differences in theirexperiences that are an artifact of this study rather than a reflection of Latinx students’ livedexperiences. In addition to the differences in gender and institution participation, there were alsodisparities in representation across race and national origin
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 5
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Bahar Memarian, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
equity, diversity, inclusion, anddecolonization in the curriculum [2], [3]. In Canadian engineering education, Aikenhead et al.have explored the pragmatic implications of onboarding Indigenous topics through their conceptof “cross-cultural crossing” [4]. They argue that students' life-world subcultures aremultidimensional and may be different from the subculture of science, and so the curriculumdesign needs to account for such differences and crossings students need to make while learning.The work by Seniuk Cicek et al. has critically considered the role of Indigenizing the curriculumin the context of engineering education. Through a balanced “two-eyed seeing” approach, theauthors make the case for including and reflecting on both Indigenous and
Conference Session
Special Topics: Conscious Considerations
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Lizabeth L. Thompson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
for Engineering Education, 2021Seeing the invisible: The year this white woman spent learning at an HSIIntroductionI have spent over 40 years in engineering. When I first attended the university to learnengineering, I was full of the messages of the 1970’s: Women can do anything men can do(better), I can have it all, the doors to access professional success are wide open. However, littledid I know that while this may be true, the cost to anyone not a tall white male from a privilegedbackground was great. It took me years to interpret what I experienced through the lens of thewhite patriarchy, but for the last 20 years, I have studied and reflected on how we in Engineeringand Education have participated in the inequities we see all around us
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 1
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Sunni Haag Newton, Georgia Institute of Technology; Roxanne Moore, Georgia Institute of Technology ; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Joycelyn Wilson, Georgia Institute of Technology; Sabrina Grossman, Georgia Institute of Technology
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
example, students are asked to consider the ways in which the lyrics they analyzeaddress collective action and the pursuit of equity for the common good in order to promote asociety that is just, considering equity for all individuals that reflects the cultural and socialdiversities amongst them. These ideals are baked into a Hip Hop-inspired consciousness, andautomatically considered in the analysis exercises that students participate in. This approach guidesstudent creatives to design, create, and write songs that remix themes that advance theirunderstanding of not only the 7 principles, but also their understanding of race, equity, and justicein their daily lives. EarSketch The Your Voice is Power curriculum is also centered around
Conference Session
Working Against Unjust Social Forces
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Desen Sevi Ozkan, Tufts University; Avneet Hira, Boston College
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
ofengineering, and a time for students to reflect upon and decide the majors and specialties theywill pursue thereon (Ngambeki, 2009). It is also a time when students’ beliefs of engineering andits education are reinforced (Hutchison et al., 2006). The content and experiences offered aspart of these courses present an opportunity to support students in developing their beliefs andattitudes towards engineering. We teach students that engineers design, apply math andscience to solve problems, program, make decisions, have different areas of specialty, but oftenmiss or convey only implicitly that engineering at its core is a human endeavor, one that ispracticed for people, with people, and as people (Fila et al., 2014). To engineer better meansengineering
Conference Session
Changing How We Pursue Change
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Madeleine Jennings, Arizona State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
deepening myunderstanding and empathy with my participants’ experiences.With this mentioned, I am aware that my subjectivities as someone within the community that Iam researching could present a quality threat to the findings of this research. To mitigate thisthreat, I engaged in memoing processes to help me to reflect upon all of the ways in which mysubjectivities could influence the findings. Additionally, I engaged in a “critical friends” protocolwith trusted mentors and colleagues to ensure that my framework was appropriate, my analysismethods were sound, and that my findings were representative of what the data present [33].Results & DiscussionSTEM IdeologyA recurring theme among all four participants was the reflection upon and
Conference Session
Critical Conversations on Being Valued
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Emily Gwen Blosser, University of Louisiana at Lafayette
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
presented above. Such advice isstrongly reflective of a postfeminist sensibility. This is not to say that the women on the siteidentity personally with postfeminism as a philosophy or are even aware of it. The advice theyprovide, however, aligns with dominant postfeminist narratives and cultural ideas about howwomen can achieve success in the contemporary workplace. They emphasize the need forwomen to overcome any other issues or obstacles they may encounter as individuals (whether ornot they perceive of them as being related to gender). Women on the site promote the idea of a‘can-do’ woman who takes control of the situation and is confident.Minimizing and ReframingOne common piece of advice to women often with respect to gendered barriers was to
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 13
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Mohammad Moin Uddin, P.E., East Tennessee State University; Keith V. Johnson, East Tennessee State University; M. Leah Adinolfi, East Tennessee State University; Deidra A. Rogers, East Tennessee State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
region and beyond. Many of our citizens, however, AfricanAmericans in particular, were left behind as de jure segregation prevented African Americansfrom enrolling into ETSU. Only court orders, especially Brown v. Board of Education, finallyopened the door to integration. African American faculty did not exist on the campus prior to themid-to-late 1970s. And the institution struggled to hire and retain faculty into the 1990s. ETSU,by the end of the 20th century, increasingly reflected a world that was rapidly changing. Thoseadvancements began with racial diversity but increasingly included gender diversity, sexualdiversity, differing abilities, religious diversity, and ethnic diversity. ETSU is more diverse todaythan at any other time in its
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 11
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Carol Elizabeth Marchetti, Rochester Institute of Technology ; Margaret B. Bailey, P.E., Rochester Institute of Technology ; Caroline Solomon; Elizabeth Litzler, University of Washington; Sara Schley, Rochester Institute of Technology ; Iris V. Rivero; Gloria L. Blackwell; Jessica Bennett
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
more duct tape! Institutionalization of ADVANCE initiatives. American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference Proceedings, Columbus, OH. https://peer.asee.org/28706[10] Padden, C., & Humphries, T. (1988). Deaf in America: Voices from a Culture. Harvard University Press.[11] National Association of the Deaf. (2019). Community and Culture – Frequently Asked Questions. https://www.nad.org/resources/american-sign-language/community-and-culture- frequently-asked-questions/[12] Najarian, C. G. (2008). Deaf Women: Educational Experiences and Self-Identity. Disability and Society 23(2), 117-128.[13] Burke, T. B., & Nicodemus, B. (2013). Coming Out of the Hard of Hearing Closet: Reflections on a Shared Journey
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 4
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
John L. Irwin, Michigan Technological University; Martin E. Gordon DFE P.E., Rochester Institute of Technology ; Clay Gloster Jr., North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; Barbara L. Christe, State University of New York, College of Technology at Farmingdale; Ronald E. Land, Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington; Lara L. Sharp, Springfield Technical Community College
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
statistics mathematics courses.Many ET graduates successfully complete the calculations in the FE exam, applyingprinciples of algebra and trigonometry rather than differential equations and linearalgebra.In 2009 ETC/ETD organized the ET National Forum (ETNF) to provide a voice inadvancing ET education. In 2020 ETNF conducted a survey of practicing mechanical,electrical, and civil engineers that identifies 13 specific math topics and asks practicingengineers two questions: (1) how frequently they use skills that are reflective of each ofthe 13 math topics, and (2) how important to the practice of engineering in general theyview each skill to be. The majority (251) of the 350 responses came from various officesof Bechtel, Inc., 46 came from various
Conference Session
Bridging Content and Context in the Classroom
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Stephanie Lezotte, Rowan University; Harriet Hartman, Rowan University; Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University; Tiago R. Forin, Rowan University; Theresa F.S. Bruckerhoff, Curriculum Research & Evaluation, Inc.
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
research that indicates that the need to supportengineering faculty in curriculum development efforts so that all identities are represented andfully integrated into the engineering curriculum, assignments, and assessments [33], [37], [38].This is critical because students who have minoritized identities are able to recognize that notonly is their own identity excluded from the curriculum, but also other minoritized identities,which can amplify these students’ sense of isolation and lack of belonging in the engineeringmajor and career. Designing curricula, assignments, and assessments that reflect diverseperceptions of engineers and engineering work can help cultivate the professional formation ofengineering identity and encourage students with
Conference Session
Working Against Unjust Social Forces
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Kristen Moore, University at Buffalo; Rebecca Walton, Utah State University; Natasha N. Jones, Michigan State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
review response as “just part of the game,” thesescholars are a part of a coalition of authors who have penned an anti-racist reviewer’s guide [19].In the development of this guide, the coalition has identified this kind of behavior for what it is:the centering of a particular way of knowing and communicating to the exclusion of other ways.The reviewer’s exclusionary behavior maps onto several faces of oppression, most notably,marginalization (of particular ways of making knowledge) [20]. Further, the proposedcommunication and knowledge-making suggested by the reviewer reflects Western ways ofknowing, making knowledge, and communicating [21]; as such, this aligns with culturalimperialism and, following Dotson, is a form of epistemic violence [22
Conference Session
Bridging Content and Context in the Classroom
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Heather Dillon, University of Washington Tacoma; Tammy VanDeGrift, University of Portland
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
in shifting student bias towards inclusion in the three interventions. The mostpromising approach is student-led, where senior students worked to change the student culturedirectly.Introduction and BackgroundImproving diversity in STEM fields is an important goal and has been widely studied. It is well-known that students and professionals in STEM careers in the USA do not reflect the generalpopulation of the country [1]. For example, white men make up 31.6% of the general populationwhile they make up 51% of scientists and engineers. Black men make up 6% of the populationand 3% of the STEM workforce. The percentage of non-white and non-Asian people in the USAis 31.3% while the percentage of this sub-population working in STEM is just 12%. In
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 11
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Claudia Calle Müller, Florida International University; Mais Kayyali, Florida International University; Mohamed ElZomor P.E., Florida International University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice Technical Session
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Tomeka Carroll, University of Virginia; Diana Marcela Franco Duran, University of Virginia; Lindsay Ivey Burden
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
justice is not servicing students. In order to changeperspectives and for students to develop the skills and competencies through a critical lens,integration to solve this challenge is paramount [18].Other barriers were more geared to ensure that the students were able to ease into the discussionsand topics by first understanding their positions through reflexive conversations and writtenwork. The barriers discussed did not reflect impediments geared towards faculty, but how as aprofessor Armanios et al. [19] could help mitigate any negative feelings and ensure theclassroom was ‘safe’ and comfortable’.Moving forward in the exploration of concrete steps, perhaps understanding the ease of gettingpermission to discuss the subject of DEIJ and the
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 9
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jennifer Ackerman, Texas A&M University; América Soto-Arzat, Texas A&M University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
[situation]”. AcknowledgmentsThe authors greatly acknowledge the support provided by the National Science Foundation(HRD-1911375), the principal investigators Drs. Christine Stanley, Texas A&M University,Room 511 Harrington Tower, College Station, Texas 77843; Telephone: 979-845-2716; email:cstanley@tamu.edu and Reuben May, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 3120 LincolnHall, Urbana, Illinois, 61801; email: rabm@illinois.edu, faculty, staff, and campus coordinatorsat every four universities for their assistance with this research. Any opinions andrecommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of theNational Science Foundation (NSF). The authors thank correspondence concerning this articleshould be
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 10
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Theo Sorg, Purdue University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
expressed in this material are those of the author and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References[1] N. Walker, Neuroqueer heresies: Notes on the neurodiversity paradigm, autistic empowerment, and postnormal possibilities. Fort Worth, TX: Autonomous Press, 2021.[2] N. Walker, “Throw Away the Master’s Tools: Liberating Ourselves from the Pathology Paradigm,” in Loud Hands: Autistic People, Speaking, Washington, DC: The Autistic Press, 2012, pp. 225–237.[3] R. Chapman, “Neurodiversity Theory and Its Discontents: Autism, Schizophrenia, and the Social Model of Disability,” in The Bloomsbury companion to philosophy of psychiatry, Ş. Tekin and R. Bluhm, Eds., London, UK ; New York, NY: Bloomsbury
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 5
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Joey Valle, Purdue University; Nafissa Aïda Maïga; Roshan Krishnan; Jessica Ng; John Mulrow
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
arguments and consumable as capital. This abstraction of life into quantified energy and materialflows, unaccompanied by locally specific social, historical, and geopolitical contexts and understandings,is itself a death-making practice supporting global environmental injustices. The quantifications becomeanalyses of death, holding fixed a background of Global Racial Empire that assures access to land whileseparating land from life to plunder resources. This is reflected in the way that impact categories are allgeared toward understanding damage that would result from product making, forefronting sets ofrelationships in which humans are inherently damaging to the environment. Figure 1: a) Construction of validity for LCA, where increasing the
Conference Session
Special Topics: Conscious Considerations
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Andrea Arce-Trigatti, Tennessee Technological University; Stephanie Jorgensen, Tennessee Technological University; Robby Sanders, Tennessee Technological University; Pedro E. Arce, Tennessee Technological University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
’ professional development and thedevelopment of a community project, critical indicators, including student end-of-semestersurvey, reflection items, and the success of the implementation of the semester communityproject present evidence of the effectiveness of the model for this program. Specifically, end-of-semester survey results indicate positive trends concerning understanding, applying, anddescribing the Foundry overall. Additionally, presentations indicate a level of understanding ofthe Foundry as all community event designs were required to integrate the model as part of theirplanning and implementation. In terms of retention and engagement, end-of-semester surveyresults indicate that the majority of the students in the program will persist in
Conference Session
Special Topics: Conscious Considerations
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Behrooz Parhami, University of California, Santa Barbara
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
, Kim,& McDermott [57]. To recap key aspects of the discussions and opinions appearing in the precedingpages, I offer Table 4, in which I have listed my subjective rankings of various factorsthat help women’s participation and achievement in STEM fields, based on my personalobservations and experiences in the US and Iran over a 48-year academic career. I couldhave listed inhibiting factors, but perhaps accentuating the positive is preferable as wellas more intuitive (higher scores reflect greater desirability). The total score should betaken with a grain of salt, as not all factor have the same importance.Table 4. A comparative summary of factors helping women’s participation/achievementin STEM educational programs and careers (on
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 6
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Meaghan Pearson, University of Michigan; Prateek Shekhar, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jacqueline Handley, University of Michigan; Joi-Lynn Mondisa, University of Michigan
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
woman (she/her) Engineering Yes Dr. O Black woman (she/her) Engineering Yes Dr. Wu Black woman (she/her) Natural Science YesData AnalysisThe data was analyzed using a general inductive analytic plan, meaning we analyzed theinterviews in line with the conceptual framework and study’s objectives [63], [64]. The first stepof the data analysis involved reading through the transcripts so the lead researcher couldfamiliarize themselves with the data. Next, the lead researcher identified significant statements ineach of the interviews pertaining to codes reflective of the Collins’ [11] domains of powerframework. The interpersonal domain code was created to describe when a participantmentioned
Conference Session
Special Topics: Conscious Considerations
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Doris J. Espiritu, Wilbur Wright College; Bridget Eileen O'Connell, Wilbur Wright College; David Potash, Wilbur Wright College
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
Niehans, Shelley Lemons, Wright CollegeEngineering Team, Mia Angara and in memoriam: Melissa Mercer-Tachick- MUSE Consulting,NSF-HSI “Building Capacity: Building Bridges into Engineering and Computer Science”evaluator. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DUE-1832553. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Wright College IRB protocol # 108007 10REFERENCES[1] C. Adelman, Women and Men of the
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 11
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Margaret E.B. Webb, Virginia Tech ; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Tech
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice Technical Session
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Ingrid Scheel, Oregon State University; Rachael E. Cate, Oregon State University; Devlin Montfort, Oregon State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
between modules within courses. The positivism createdand perpetuated by this silo in engineering education ultimately positions rightness as a hidden,structural, exclusionary force rather than something constructed by the people in the room. Theauthors conclude that students are working at a boundary condition created over years ofseparation between the physical and social sciences and this itself is another barrier. Studentsstruggle with their engineering identity when centering public welfare or justifying nontechnicalwork after experiencing partial integration of social impacts in technical courses, and “[this] kindof negotiation [reflects] the tensions and unsettled boundaries between what students [consider]to be inside or outside the scope
Conference Session
Bridging Content and Context in the Classroom
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Tracy Anne Hammond, Texas A&M University; Samantha Ray, Texas A&M University; Paul Taele, Texas A&M University; Shawna Thomas, Texas A&M University; Karan Watson P.E., Texas A&M University; Christine A. Stanley, Texas A&M University; Seth Polsley, Texas A&M University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
equity, which is reflected in her publications, research, teaching, service, and mentoring. More at http://srl.tamu.edu and http://ieei.tamu.edu.Samantha Ray, Texas A&M University Samantha Ray is a Computer Engineering PhD student at Texas A&M University. Her research focuses on creating intelligent systems for tasks that require human-like levels of understanding. She has previously worked on human activity recognition (HAR) systems for promoting healthy habits and educational tools using sketch recognition and eye tracking.Dr. Paul Taele, Texas A&M University Paul Taele, PhD, is an Instructional Assistant Professor in the College of Engineering’s Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Texas A
Conference Session
Critical Conversations on Being Valued
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Minha R. Ha, York University; Jeffrey Harris, York University; Aleksander Czekanski , CEEA-ACEG
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education, Equity
perspective, we assume the following principles: problematize status quo,look at the use of language as clues to how ways of thinking and behaviour are structured, lookfor existing mechanisms of inequality, and look for creative alternatives for a more just/equitableoutcome.First, in order to describe what mechanisms of exclusion exist and become significant in studentexperiences, we looked for student accounts of their direct experiences (e.g. of barriers to fullparticipation in engineering education). Students also reflected on their observations on thecontrast between exclusion and inclusion. This resulted in the identification of: the location ofrepresentation gap that became influential; socially-mediated mechanisms that actually lead
Conference Session
Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 1
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Danielle Vegas Lewis, SUNY Fredonia
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity
efforts. However, despite someparticipants either leading or being engaged in formal programs that coached men on how to beeffective allies, there remained an uncertainty around which strategies to focus on, how tosuccessfully implement them, and generally, how to best serve the women that they seek tosupport. The fear of not responding appropriately or discomfort that can arise from reflecting onone’s own role, as a member of the majority, in perpetuating oppression or challengingproblematic views espoused by colleagues should not deter men from engaging in gender equitywork. This self-doubt described by participants indicates that mentorship, further education, andengagement in formal ally training programs may be beneficial, as normalizing the