Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 11: Curricular and Program Innovations

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Reeping, Ohio Northern University; Kenneth J Reid, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

of the frequency in which particular outcomes aremarked enables refinement and validation of the current construction of the taxonomy. Currently,the classification scheme is designed to mark outcomes using a binary system. For example, if“e-Portfolios” is covered in “Engineering 1,” then that outcome receives a checkmark (or a 1).On the other hand, if “e-Portfolios” is not covered, then the outcome is not checked (or is given a0). As mentioned from the applications of the scheme, plans to incorporate depth of coverage arecurrently in place. This would likely be accomplished by means of a scale to indicate how deeply Page 26.6.6each topic is

Conference Session

First Year Programs Division Poster Session: The Best Place to Really Talk about First-Year Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lindsay Corneal, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

presents an overview of the guided approach as well as the outcomes and feedbackfrom the students that participated in the class. The plans for further modifications andimprovements to this approach will also be presented.IntroductionBeing able to effectively communicate technical information is a skill required of engineers;however, there can often be a limited focus on or interest in technical writing by engineeringstudents and faculty. It is not uncommon to encounter the thinking that “we are engineers, we arenot English majors.”1 Therefore, engineering students are often required to take a generalwriting course taught by English or Writing Departments to fulfill writing requirements

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Hands-on Projects and Spatial Skills

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacob L. Segil, University of Colorado Boulder; Beth A Myers, University of Colorado Boulder; Jacquelyn F. Sullivan Ph.D., University of Colorado, Boulder; Derek T Reamon, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

success. Page 26.590.6As we learn more about what materials help our students most effectively, we anticipate arefinement of the course materials and activities (see details in the Appendix). A post-workshopsurvey found that time spent with the TA, drawing, and the hands-on blocks were the mostbeneficial materials. The least beneficial materials included the online computer tutorials andquizzes. We will pursue more creative activities for each of the stations; for example, we haveplanned an inductive learning station that asks students to describe orthographic views of objectswhile blindfolded. As always, we plan to fail often to succeed sooner

Conference Session

First Year Programs Division Poster Session: The Best Place to Really Talk about First-Year Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Nikolaevich Solovyev, Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI); Larisa Petrova, MADI; Viatcheslav Prikhodko, Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI); Ekaterina Makarenko, MADI

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

enhance their concentration and eagerness in a shorttime. This is a product of a long time upbringing began in the early childhood. The work in thePUTC is planned upon these consumptions.Results and discussion: Personal ChallengesFor clarifying the motivation of entrants we tried to find out what had influenced on pupils’choice of the way to the university during their last years in secondary school. The method of asociological survey was chosen for investigation. The survey was carried out among universitystudents of the first and second years of study. For the first time it was done in 2006 (about 350persons were involved). Nine years later, in 2014 we have conducted the 2-nd similar survey (96students of the first year of study were involved

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Hands-on Projects and Spatial Skills

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Jane Grigg, Clemson University; Lisa Benson, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

hard and saw clear improvement in those who put forth theeffort!” ~ Graduate Student Grader“The PROCESS rubric was a great tool in making the overall grading process morestandardized, but it was a little hard to understand at first and a few categories seem repetitive.The confusion becomes less and less over time, and the initial confusion is outweighed by theadvantages that standardization provides.” ~ Graduate Student Grader“I would like to see a little bit of reweighting of points. I feel like the PRO steps could be scoredas a unit since they all serve the planning function. On the same note, ES may be good to grouptogether since they are both metacognitive too. It just seems these steps should not each weighas much as Calculations since

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 11: Curricular and Program Innovations

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Caroline Liron, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach; Heidi M Steinhauer, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Calculus I facultyrequested her participation starting spring 2014. As we have prepared planning for the fall 2015,knowing that this time the Physics I faculty can no longer participate, another faculty has alreadyexpressed interest in taking over. Page 26.216.3ResultsDue to faculty teaching loads, and opportunities to teach multiple sections of the same course,this study yields two cohorts of students: • “The SLC students”: The SLC students are specifically enrolled in all three courses, and grouped in the same sections. The Physics I and Calculus I classrooms allow for 45 students, while Programming is limited to 26 due to

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 5B: Work-In-Progress: 5 Minute Postcard Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hyun J. Kwon, Andrews University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Educ. 2007;11:89-99.[8] Morries l, Ma M, Wu PC. Agile Innovation: The Revolutionary Approach to Accelerate Success, InspireEngagement, and Ignite Creativity: Wiley; 2014.Appendix A. Rubric on grading traditional term report and web page. Performance Unacceptable Marginal Good Very Good Indicator 1 2 3 4 Organization There is no Some information Most information is Information is of Information clear plan for is logically organized in a organized in a clear, the organization sequenced. clear, logical way

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division: Design

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dani Fadda, University of Texas, Dallas; Oziel Rios, University of Texas, Dallas

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

First-Year Mechanical Engineering CourseAbstractAn activity is designed and deployed in a first-year mechanical engineering class to exposestudents to heat transfer. This educational activity is part of an introductory course given duringthe first year to introduce students to mechanical engineering and give them tools to use whilepursuing their Bachelors of Science degree. The activity is scalable and can be easily deployed infirst-year engineering classes at other educational institutes. Its rigor is planned for first-yearstudents who have not yet taken the prerequisites required for heat transfer. It is presented withits goals, goal attainment measures and feedback representing the student perception. Analysis ofthe student’s work and

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering in the First-Year

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Huihui H Wang, Jacksonville University; Festus Ogbaisi, Jacksonville University; Martins Slaboh, Jacksonville University; Emre Selvi, Jacksonville University; Maria Javaid, Jacksonville University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs, Multidisciplinary Engineering

constraints, a specified budget plan anda timeline first. Students then researched on the difference between mechatronics and robots tofurther develop their insights on the interdisciplinary among mechanical engineering, electricalengineering and computer engineering. They spent 4 weeks to build the prototype. Finally eachteam presented their work and submitted a final report.One team of four students (two in ME, one in EE and one double majored in ME and music)constructed a robot which solved a three by three Rubik’s cube in 24 moves. The robotillustrated in Figure 1 was built with the use of a LEGO Mindstorms construction kit andprogramming environments. The group employed the use of three actuators, two sensors and acontroller to enable their

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Postcard Session 1: Retention and Student Success Strategies

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Krystal S. Corbett, Louisiana Tech University; Katie Evans, Louisiana Tech University; Stacey McAdams; Julie Gaudin; Madison Abigail Walker, Society of Women Engineers; Tyler Scott Fontenot

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

upperclassmen role model that the first-year students can associatewith engineering. On average, each mentor has three to seven mentees. The Eco-Carorganization has sponsored workdays, where new members get paired with older members tocomplete projects. The workdays have encouraged mentor to mentee relationships, whichinvolve teaching new members various skills. They have set up an organized system of sub-leads, where a sub-lead of a specific aspect of the car would serve as a mentor to a group ofmentees. This gives the mentees a consistent person to go to if they ever need help with Eco-Carprojects or projects outside of the organization, such as schoolwork. They plan to set upadditional activities, not directly related to the car, but for various

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Postcard Session 2: Identity and Sense of Belonging

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tirupalavanam G. Ganesh, Arizona State University; Kyle D. Squires, Arizona State University; James Collofello, Arizona State University; Robin R. Hammond, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

experience. Designed as a 60-contacthours/year program directed by the university, this effort will serve 150 girls who are high schooljuniors over two years, through high school graduation to enter college. In 2017, 75 participantswere recruited from schools. Undergraduate mentors support the program with planned activitiesto explore engineering around the types of problems engineers solve and their impact on society,experiences to confront stereotypes, facilitate access to industry mentors, and university sitevisits.3) Engineering Projects in Community Service (EPICS) at the high school grades 9-12 andcommunity college encourages exploration of engineering as socially relevant through socialentrepreneurship efforts in a co-curricular experience

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Work in Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Corey Kiassat, PhD, MBA, PE P.E., Quinnipiac University; Ruby ElKharboutly, Quinnipiac University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

has been applied during Spring 2017 on trial bases and was fully implemented during the Fall 2018 advising season. Results show a significant reduction in the advising session duration and general satisfaction from both faculty and students. The study is still ongoing. The next steps involve standardization and validation. We plan to standardize the process by reflecting and rectifying problems that aroused during Fall 2018. Some problems included miscommunication between PMs and faculty and delays in obtaining the executive summaries. We would like to expand the use of the new advising process to including all advising faulty and all first-year students in Fall 2019. The validation/post-implementation phase is conducted

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Maker Spaces in the First Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nicholas Hawkins, University of Louisville; James E. Lewis, University of Louisville; Brian Scott Robinson, University of Louisville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

learning, where students work toward completion of a fully realizedproject. Typically, the project is something tangible and utilizes a hands-on approach [11] [12][13] and can be either ill- or well-defined. The first-year Cornerstone project in ENGR 111 tendsto be more well-defined in comparison to the more ill-defined Capstone project experiences duringrespective senior years. Finally, discovery-based learning in employed throughout ENGR 111course lesson plans. In discovery-based learning, students are given tasks, such as explainingobservations or answering a question, with the educational objective of discovering the underlyingengineering phenomenon [14] [15].ENGR 111 Course OverviewAs previously mentioned, the ENGR 111 course structure is

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: First-year Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Courtney A. Lemasney, Rowan University; Hayley M. Shuster, Rowan University; Kaitlin Mallouk, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation, First-Year Programs

also plans to complete a specialization in Biomedical Engineering in order to explore applications of Electrical and Computer Engineering in the development of medical devices like prosthetics.Dr. Kaitlin Mallouk, Rowan University Kaitlin Mallouk is an Assistant Professor of Experiential Engineering Education at Rowan University. Prior to beginning that role, she spent five years as an Instructor in the Mechanical Engineering and Experiential Engineering Education Departments at Rowan. Kaitlin has a BS in Chemical Engineering from Cornell University and an MS and PhD in Environmental Engineering in Civil Engineering from the University of Illinois. c American Society for Engineering

Conference Session

FPD11 -- Multidisciplinary Experiences

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kauser Jahan, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

physical health. These activities include tripsto the university recreation center, yoga classes, nature walks, journal reflections, laughter,meditation, and art classes and field trips.Assessment and ImpactAssessment of the workshop is carried out via surveys during and after the duration of theworkshop. Select visits are made to schools to watch teachers integrate and deliver the materialprovided to them during the ECT workshop. Teachers are invited to a fall and spring follow upmeeting to discuss the impact of the workshop and the ease or difficulty in delivering theengineering clinic modules. This assessment provides key information in planning activities forfuture years. Successful teachers are invited back to participate as mentors in the

Conference Session

FPD8 - Early Intervention & Retention

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gretchen Hein, Michigan Technological University; Amber Kemppainen, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

civil engineers. These presentations were spaced throughout thefirst half of the semester in ENG1100.It was during this module that the semester design project was introduced. The design projectconsisted of designing a safe snowball launcher. Students developed a management plan andtimeline for their project (using MS Visio and Word) and a general 3D concept model usingUGNX. As a class, they analyzed the elasticity of the launcher cords to determine how thespring force in the cord is related to how much the cord is stretched. This activity served toreview basic spreadsheet skills from ENG1001. At this point in ENG1100, students wereintroduced to functions using Visual Basic (VBA) Programming. To add to their spreadsheet

Conference Session

FPD7 - Global Warming & Sustainability for First-Year Students

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amber Kemppainen, Michigan Technological University; Gretchen Hein, Michigan Technological University; David Shonnard, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

. Inthe second semester course, ENG1102, students complete a semester-long design project withinan engineering team of 3-5 people. In the past, these design projects have included: anautonomous robot, a human-hybrid vehicle, a New Orleans flood management plan, amicrobrewery and a super mileage concept vehicle.Beginning in the spring semester of 2008 is the alternative fuels design project where studentswill examine the viability of a biomass-to-ethanol process using regional timber resources(logging residues or energy crops such as hybrid poplar). With increasing pressure to reduceforeign oil consumption and the U.S. Department of Energy looking to increase the biofuelsusage from 3% to 30% by 2025, this is a current problem graduating engineers

Conference Session

FPD6 -- Early Intervention & Retention Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ken Yasuhara, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

. Our conclusion discusses the challenge undergraduate CSE education faces in addressingthese perceptions and concerns in order to help students make more informed decisions aboutmajoring in CSE.IntroductionAfter years of booming interest, enrollment in computer science and engineering (CSE) is nowsuffering a startling, rapid drop in North America. Between 2000 and 2004, the fraction ofincoming undergraduates planning to major in computer science fell by over 60%, and,historically, this statistic has accurately predicted bachelor’s degree production.1 Likelyconsequences include a shortage of qualified, domestic candidates for computing-related jobsand the downsizing or even elimination of CSE programs and departments.Having recognized the

Conference Session

FPD2 -- Highlighting First-Year Programs

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristin Wilhelm, University of Virginia; Benjamin Kidd, University of Virginia; P. Paxton Marshall, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

2Technical Lectures 4Lack of in-class planning/meeting time 2Group dynamics 8Time constraints/requirements 8Dymm and Little 4Failed special effects during final performance 2Grading 1 Number of students thatSuccesses

Conference Session

FPD9 -- Technology & Textbooks

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

S. Keith Hargrove, Morgan State University; Marie Dahleh, Harvard University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Learning”, Journal of Engineering Education, July 1995. 6. Rose-Hulman, “Engineering Case Studies”, www.civeng.carlton.ca; 7. Pauley, L., and Brasseur, J., “Mechanical Engineering Case Studies on the Web”, ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, 2004. 8. National Academy of Engineering, “Case Studies in Engineering Project”, www.nae.edu. 9. Raju, PK, and Sankar, CS, “Crist Power Plant Case Study: Planning for a Maintenance Outage”, Tavener Publishing, 1996. 10. Stanovich, KE, and Cunningham, AE, “Studying the consequences of literacy within a literate society: The cognitive correlates of print exposure”, Memory & Cognition, 20, 1992. 11. Beeckmans, R, etc., “Examining the yes/no

Conference Session

FPD2 -- Highlighting First-Year Programs

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marc Christensen, Southern Methodist University; David Willis, Southern Methodist University; Scott Douglas, Southern Methodist University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

where course content and requirements are unique for each specific major. • It does not impose a common interdisciplinary “introduction to engineering” course, in which all students participate in the same lectures and laboratories5-8, thus maintaining the diversity of each department’s teaching and scheduling resources. • It involves course content change only; thus, there is no impediment to implementation caused by administrative changes to degree plans, graduation requirements, and the like. • It provides a balance between the conflicting needs of (a) offering enough technical content to allow a student to evaluate her or his choice of major and (b) showing the student what the

Conference Session

FPD 8: Engineering Math Issues

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heath A Schluterman, University of Arkansas; Kellie Schneider, University of Arkansas; Adrienne L. Gaines, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

that took E-Math and compare those resultswith students that took the traditional Precalculus course to the cohort as a whole. We alsodiscuss our attempts to address issues associated with students who enter our program two mathclasses behind Calculus I. Specifically, we discuss the implementation of a course developed tohave the students calculus ready in a single semester.IntroductionIn fall 2007, the Freshman Engineering Program (FEP) was started at the UofA with the intent ofincreasing student retention and success. Students complete a common first year before selectingone of nine degree plans offered by the College of Engineering (CoE). The common core takenby freshman engineering students includes Calculus I in the first semester and

Conference Session

First-Year Programs (FPD) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Anne Stephan, Clemson University; Edward Randolph Collins Jr. P.E., Clemson University; Chris Porter, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

in October, more seats are released or additional tours are scheduled. After thesecond week, it is assumed all students are registered and no add additional capacity is added.The actual tour planning and content is determined by the departments. Tours last between 45minutes and 1 hour in length, and occur in the evenings. Each department is allowed to choosethe day and time to make the tour available. The number of sessions offered by each departmentis determined by the projected enrollment and historical data on the choice of major. Thedepartments will use faculty, staff and students to conduct a combination of lecture and hands-onactivities to showcase the opportunities students will have if they decide to pursue that major.For the last

Conference Session

FPD X: Addressing Retention in the First Year

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lizzie Y. Santiago, West Virginia University; Robin A.M. Hensel Ed.D., West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

reported GPA and the GPA at the timeof the transfer, a difference of -0.19 ± 0.95 (mean ± std deviation) was obtained; this differenceis not significantly different from zero.DiscussionAttrition is a source of concern for faculty and administrators in academic institutions. It isbelieved that student attrition may be prevented by carefully planned and timely institutionalintervention. Also, the frequency and quality of student-faculty interaction appears to be relatedto college persistence.8 Studies also suggest that attrition rate is higher at the end of thefreshman year.This study showed that students from our freshman engineering program transferred out mainly

Conference Session

FPD X: Addressing Retention in the First Year

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andria Costello Staniec, Syracuse University; Helen M. Doerr, Syracuse University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

whenthey needed it most. In contrast, the AEWs meet only once per week and students are required tocomplete the worksheets. This often leaves little to no time, or desire, to work on homeworkproblems.Future WorkThe data we have collected in the PLSG pilot will be used to refine our design of flexible andresponsive solutions that will provide mathematics support to first-year students in engineeringand computer science. We are planning to run a second pilot of our PLSGs during Spring 2012and will focus on the following: 1. Engage additional mathematics faculty in awareness and promotion of PLSGs. We anticipate this will increase student participation. 2. Engage new peer facilitators in the PLSGs. Two of our previous peer facilitators are

Conference Session

FPD III: Innovation in Design in the First Year

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Miller, Pittsburg State University; Greg Murray, Pittsburg State University; Robert E. Gerlick, Pittsburg State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

competed against the winners from the other two sections in a similarfashion. The overall winner received a small number of bonus points for the semester and a“medal” and the winning car was displayed like a trophy in a departmental display case. It washoped that this would motivate students, not only as bragging rights for current students, but alsoa point of pride for the winners and designers of well-made cars and to help motivate futurestudents to take the class even though it might not be a requirement for their specific major.In addition to being a commonly-used software package in industry, SolidWorks can helpstudents get their first taste of the design process, in that it forces them to plan their design with“downstream” features in mind

Conference Session

Potpourri of First-Year Issues

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University; Kenneth Reid, Ohio Northern University; Laurie Laird, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

the following web site: http://www2.onu.edu/~jestell/cheeseburgerAdditional resources available at this site include the lesson plans related to this video.ConclusionsThe majority of students did get the message that the instructors were trying to demonstrate withthe “Cheeseburger, Fries, and a Coke” video: presentation is just as important as content.Students also indicated that they found the video to be both effective and entertaining, and thatthe video held its own in these areas against a more polished video that was also presented to theclass. Through use of the OME presentations, there is also evidence that the message of the videowas retained, as the presentations made by the 2009 cohort (who saw the video

Conference Session

Potpourri of First-Year Issues

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Benjamin Flores, UTEP; James Becvar, UTEP; Ann Darnell, UTEP; Helmut Knaust, UTEP; Jorge Lopez, UTEP; Josefina Tinajero, UTEP

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

the beginning, thePLTL strategy has been recognized to reduce student anxiety and to build confidence12.Peer leaders are successful students who assist professors and serve as role models for freshmanand sophomore students. Peer leaders help with course planning, modeling course objectives,and implementation of course goals. A good peer leader serves as mentor, a bridge betweenstudent and professor, and a friend. In our program, every peer leader receives training thatincludes a pre-semester introduction session, weekly preview sessions, and an end of semesterdebriefing session. The introduction generally lasts three days and involves faculty engagingpeer leaders in cooperative-style learning and knowledge constructivism activities that

Conference Session

FPD 3: Retention

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory Warren Bucks, University of Cincinnati; Kathleen A. Ossman, University of Cincinnati; Jeff Kastner, University of Cincinnati; F. James Boerio, University of Cincinnati; Joni A. Torsella, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

exposing them to open-ended problems, hands-on activities,and communication skills. Data from the co-op employer surveys will be analyzed to compareperformance in the first co-op term of the students who took the common first-year courses to thestudents that did not.Discussions are ongoing between faculty in Engineering, Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistryto develop a common set of practices within all first-year STEM courses. The first step is thedevelopment of a common report structure so that students are exposed to a single set ofguidelines. Future plans involve the adoption of common technology platforms and matchingschedules so that topic delivery is more cohesive.ConclusionThe results from student surveys and the retention data show that

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Fries, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville; Ryan W. Krauss, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

%), process(+250%), solution (+200%), and solve (+192%) as shown in Figure 1. There were also Page 24.150.4increases in terms that include use (+136%), idea (+133%), people (+133%), and math (+100%.)Only modest increases were found in the terms life, make, new, improve, world, and design.On the contrary, students used certain words less after completing the course, indicating that theyunderstood that engineers are more active in the planning and specification of a solution ratherthan the actual construction activities. Specifically, students decreased their use of build (-74%),structure (-67%), construct (-25%), and create (-13%). Note that