Conference Session

Research Experiences at Two-year Colleges

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dan G. Dimitriu, San Antonio College; Klaus Bartels, San Antonio College; Steven F Lewis, San Antonio College/Alamo Colleges

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Two Year College Division

undergraduate research projects related to greentechnologies for the entire duration of this partnership. Our college made a commitment to 1) encourage our STEM faculty to attend Re-Energize professional development opportunities to learn and include green energy educational modules into our STEM curriculum; 2) seek space to establish a "start-up green lab" on our campus with Minority Science and Engineering Improvement Program pass through funding from the four-year institution so that faculty can conduct classroom demonstrations and our students can perform undergraduate research. This initiative is meant to diversify and continue our undergraduate research program as we include our William R. Sinkin Eco Centro

Conference Session

Two-year College Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Burton Dorsey, Washington MESA; Elizabeth Apple Meza, University of Washington; Phyllis G. Harvey-Buschel, Washington MESA

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Two Year College Division

questionsin each area. It asked students to report on, 1. Future academic and career intentions; 2.Self-efficacy/motivation in STEM courses; 3. Interest in and perception of STEMmajors/careers; 3. Level and type of participation in MCCP; 4. Academic preparation in highschool; 5. Student demographics. Surveys were collected through email via a secure survey response system housedat the University of Washington. To boost response rates, paper surveys were also available inMESA centers. The paper and email surveys were combined for analysis. Survey respondentsincluded students at all six colleges in Washington state and the two colleges in California. Atotal of 155 completed surveys were collected, which represents about 15-20% of the

Conference Session

Research Experiences at Two-year Colleges

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amelito G Enriquez, Canada College; Nicholas Patrick Langhoff, Skyline College; Wenshen Pong P.E., San Francisco State University; Hamid Mahmoodi, San Francisco State University; Xiaorong Zhang, San Francisco State University; Cheng Chen, San Francisco State University; Kwok Siong Teh, San Francisco State University; Zhaoshuo Jiang P.E., San Francisco State University

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Two Year College Division

enhancing the academic success of community college engineering students andstrengthening community college engineering transfer programs.1. IntroductionDespite years of investments and resources devoted by the federal government and institutions ofhigher education towards broadening participation of underrepresented minorities (URMs) inscience, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers, significant progress has not beenachieved. For instance, since 2000, underrepresented minorities’ shares in engineering andphysical science degrees have been flat despite a rapid increase in their representation of theoverall US population. In fact, even though URMs currently constitute 30 percent of the USpopulation, they account for only about 12.5 percent

Conference Session

Research Experiences at Two-year Colleges

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicholas Patrick Langhoff, Skyline College; Amelito G Enriquez, Canada College

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Two Year College Division

further internships, transfer preparedness, teamwork ability, and senseof self-efficacy.1. IntroductionDespite years of investments and resources devoted by the federal government and institutions ofhigher education towards broadening participation of underrepresented minorities (URMs) inscience, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers, significant progress has not beenachieved. For instance, since 2000, underrepresented minorities’ shares in engineering andphysical science degrees have been flat despite a rapid increase in their representation of theoverall US population. In fact, even though URMs currently constitute 30 percent of the USpopulation, they account for only about 12.5 percent of baccalaureate degrees awarded inengineering1

Conference Session

Engineering Transfer Issues: Two-year College to Four-year College

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kirsten A Davis, Virginia Tech; Andrea M. Ogilvie P.E., Virginia Tech; David B Knight, Virginia Tech

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Two Year College Division

effective, efficient, and inclusive. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Easing Engineering Transfer Students’ Transitions: Recommendations from Students Who Successfully Navigated the Transfer PathwayI. Introduction In 2012, the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology documented theneed to prepare more than 1 million additional STEM professionals in the U.S. workforce overthe next decade. To meet this demand, leveraging the transfer pathway between two-year andfour year institutions is an approach that has garnered increased interest. In addition to adoptingguided pathways model to move students logistically from one

Conference Session

Two-year College Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William B. Corley, University of Louisville; J C McNeil, University of Louisville

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Two Year College Division

statistical information related to two research questions:(1) What is the prevalence of nontraditional characteristics in engineering students? and (2)What is the prevalence of the different levels of nontraditional characteristics (i.e., minimal,moderate, or high) in engineering?The nontraditional student characteristic data was collected through an online survey createdusing Qualtrics. The survey was administered to students via an Internet link, through Qualtrics,to potential participants during the first week of classes in the fall semester of 2016 in anintroductory engineering course for freshman and transfer students in their first semester oncampus. There were 640 students enrolled in the fall introduction to engineering course during2016

Conference Session

Two-year College Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elaine L. Craft, Florence-Darlington Technical College; Karen Wosczyna-Birch, CT College of Technology; Charlotte B. Forrest

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Two Year College Division

designed to 1) fill the void created by NSF’s elimination of the preliminaryproposal review process for the ATE program in 2012; 2) address the challenge thatapproximately two-thirds of the nation’s 1,123 community colleges have never received NSFfunding; 3) better manage the rapidly growing number of requests received by ATE centerprincipal investigators and NSF program officers related to grant proposal development andproject management ; and 4) most importantly, develop grant writing and leadership skillsamong STEM faculty members at two-year colleges.The Mentor-Connect project resulted from a comprehensive planning process that involved NSF-ATE principal investigators, NSF-ATE program officers, potential NSF-ATE grantees, theNational Academy

Conference Session

Engineering Transfer Issues: Two-year College to Four-year College

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Cooley Jones, Louisiana State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University

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Two Year College Division

with the STEP 1B Engineering Grant hadspecific objectives supporting these goals. They were: (1) develop and maintain an effectiveliaison between BRCC and LSU; (2) utilize scholars in a peer ambassador program facilitatingtransfer success; (3) establish a pre-transfer academic counseling program; (4) expand existingseminars to orient and integrate BRCC and other transfer students into LSU and (5) invite BRCCmath, science and engineering faculty to participate in ongoing Faculty Development.Activities of the program included outreach, professional development, advising, and developingan overall assessment tool. All scholars participated in outreach activities that consisted of Peer-to-Peer talks at BRCC each semester and Shadow Days at LSU for

Conference Session

Research Experiences at Two-year Colleges

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lea K Marlor, University of California, Berkeley; Catherine T. Amelink, Virginia Tech

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Diversity

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Two Year College Division

outcomes.IntroductionThe United States is facing a severe deficit of scientists and engineers in the upcoming decades.This is because students attracted these majors are primarily male and come from non-Hispanicwhite or Asian populations. The need for appealing to and retaining students coming fromnon- traditional backgrounds has intensified given the shifts in the U.S. populationdemographics. Nationally, students enrolled in science and engineering bachelor programs in2013 comprised of, approximately 19% women, 5% African American/Black, and 11%Hispanic.1 Currently the US population is 17% Hispanic and 14% African American/Black, butprojections show that both of these populations will grow by 2060, expecting to beapproximately 29% Hispanic and 18% African

Conference Session

Two-year College Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Araceli Martinez Ortiz, Texas State University, San Marcos; Eusebio Mata, LBJ Institute for STEM Education and Research; Bahram Asiabanpour, Texas State University

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Two Year College Division

, findings indicate that students’ attitude and concerns are influenced positivelyand follow-up data collection will confirm what academic and career choices these studentsmake.Introduction According to the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology 2012report, predictions of the lack of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)graduates will lead to a workforce shortage of one million individuals in the STEM field [1].Data collected from 2004 through 2009 show unsettling results: enrollment of students seeking abachelor’s degree in the STEM fields was about 28 percent of the total in the whole U.S. [2]. Notonly are enrollment rates in STEM majors a big problem, student retention rates for STEMmajors are low, at

Conference Session

Reporting Out: Dissemination of Several NSF Projects of Interest to Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lea K. Marlor, University of California, Berkeley; Sharnnia Artis, University of California, Berkeley; Catherine T. Amelink, Virginia Tech

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Two Year College Division

-reporting of future plans, especially as they relate to transferring to a university or to graduate school  Overall level of satisfaction with the summer research program  Any suggestions that they have for improvementEvaluation ResultsOne of the goals of the REU program is to increase the diversity of the students who are pursuingdegrees in STEM, especially advanced degrees in STEM. Table 1 includes the demographic datafrom the program across the three years of operation under the REU Site funding. Table 1. Demographics of Student Participants 2012 2013 2014 Male 11 12

Conference Session

Focus on the Classroom: Innovative Pedagogies

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael E. Pelletier, Northern Essex Community College; Linda A. Desjardins, Northern Essex Community College; Paul Chanley, Northern Essex Community College; Il (Johnny) Yoon, Northern Essex Community College

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Two Year College Division

. Instead of a finalexam, a final presentation of Auto_Oil_ID is made by each team. The final presentation is donein PowerPoint with students encouraged to include video of their projects in action.EST104 Schedule of topics for fall 2015  Week 1-3 EXCEL with applications to Ohm’s Law and the Speed of Sound in air; designing an ultrasonic range finder.  Week 4 Flowcharting and Procedural Programming  Week 5-8 MATLAB – Programming a Stepper Motor in MATLAB  Week 9-11 Spectroscopic ID of colored filters using a spectrometer and MATLAB  Week 12 Spectroscopic ID of oils using visible light, a spectrometer, and MATLAB  Week 13-14 Combining positioning by stepper-motor rotor with spectroscopic ID of oils

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Two-Year Engineering and Engineering Technology Programs

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ibrahim F. Zeid, Northeastern University; Chitra N. Javdekar, Massachusetts Bay Community College; Claire Duggan, Northeastern University; Marina Bograd

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Two Year College Division

(2004), Boston East Pipeline Network; and Alumni, Lead Boston 2004 (The National Conference for Community and Justice). She won the 2006 Northeastern University Aspiration Award, and was recognized at the 2003 Northeastern University Reception honoring Principal Investigators that obtained funding in excess of $1 million over a five-year period.Marina Bograd c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016TRANSFORM: TRANSFORMing liberal arts careers to meet demand for advanced manufacturing workforceAbstractIt is well recognized that a liberal arts degree (BA) equips graduates with many essential skillscited as critical for the current and future workforce. These include but are not

Conference Session

Two-year College Division: Authors Address Transfer Matters-Part I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Cooley Jones, Louisiana State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University

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Diversity

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Two Year College Division

hasspecific objectives that will support these goals. They are: (1) develop and maintain an effectiveliaison between BRCC and LSU; (2) utilize scholars to develop a peer ambassador/mentorprogram facilitating transfer success; (3) establish and conduct a pre-transfer academiccounseling program; (4) expand existing seminars to orient and integrate BRCC and othertransfer students into LSU and (5) invite BRCC math, science and engineering faculty toparticipate in ongoing Faculty Development.Activities of the program to date have included outreach, professional development, advising,and developing an overall assessment tool. All scholars participated in outreach activities thatconsisted of Peer-to-Peer talks at BRCC each semester and Shadow Days at LSU

Conference Session

Two-year College Division: Authors Address Transfer Matters-Part II

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Monica M. Cortez, Texas A&M University; Teri Kristine Reed, Texas A&M University; P.K. Imbrie, Texas A&M University; Sylvia E. McMullen, Blinn College; Jackie Perez, Texas A&M University

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Two Year College Division

identified as an essential component in the U.S. STEM Educationsystem with a total of 1,738 2-year institutions: 967 public, 100 non-profit and 671 private.1 In2012, there were over 20 million students enrolled in an academic institution across the UnitedStates with over 6 million being educated at a two-year public institution.2 These public two-year institutions also have a large population of underrepresented minorities with approximately34% of the total number of African Americans enrolled in an academic institution and 46% ofthe total number of Hispanics students enrolled in academic institutions.3 In addition toexpanding underrepresented minority participation through institutional partnerships with two-year public institutions, 33% of the

Conference Session

Best Practices for Two-Year Students Majoring in Engineering & STEM Fields

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anna Marbella Camacho, Cañada College

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Two Year College Division

, President Obama called for 1 million new STEM graduates within the next decade. Thiscall to action was met with a myriad of local and federal educational initiatives, STEM-specificgrant funding, and an emergence of STEM programming at every level of our education system.This new momentum also focuses on the under-representation of minorities and women pursuingSTEM. As a federally-designated Hispanic-serving community college, our goal of fosteringmore STEM-educated students is embedded within a complex web of obstacles and challenges.In response to these challenges, The STEM Center at Cañada College identified four keyobstacles faced by a majority of our community college students interested in STEM: 1)exponential attrition – the longer the course

Conference Session

Two-year College Division: Authors Address Transfer Matters-Part I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tanya Karam-Zanders, Louisiana State University; Dina Acklin, Louisiana State University; Sarah Cooley Jones, Louisiana State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University

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Two Year College Division

institution (Section 1).We asked the students to provide demographic information such as: gender, age, family status,etc. (refer to Section 5 in Appendix A for the complete list of questions). Questions weredesigned for two main purposes: to determine any preexisting differences between the groupsand to determine the unique needs of transfer students. Presumably, most of these answers werenot expected to be different among community college attendees, however we do expect there tobe significant differences between those who attended community college and those who did not(traditional 4-year university students). For the current paper, we were only able to compare thedemographic responses of existing Pathway Scholars and anticipating transfer students

Conference Session

Two-Year to Four-Year Transfer Programs: Best Practices

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tracy Huang, Canada College; Amelito G Enriquez, Canada College

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Two Year College Division

student support services were important in getting a student to transfer, indicated that transfer-ready STEM students who were younger, have earned transferable credits between 60 and 90, and have accessed some level of STEM-specific support services were more likely to transfer to a 4-year institution within a reasonable time frame.1. Introduction According to a federal report issued in 2012, the U.S. needs to have an additional one million STEM graduates by 2022 in order retain historical preeminence in science and technology1. This is an increase of about 34 percent annually over the current rates. The report, along with the federal 5-year STEM strategic plan released in 20132, also proposes that improving retention at

Conference Session

Two-Year to Four-Year Transfer Programs: Best Practices

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Gordon, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville; Hasan Sevim, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville; Phillip M Brown, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

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Two Year College Division

for retention of incoming transfer students.In recent years, many studies have been published regarding the performance of transferstudents. These studies focused mostly on advising, retention, and graduation 1, 2, 3, 4; and somestudies explored the hypothesis that transfer students experience lower retention and graduationrates than non-transfer students 5, 6, 7. However, the authors could not find literature on paststudies related to the determination of critical admission criteria for transfer students toengineering programs.School profileA short description of the School’s demographics is useful here to highlight the share of transferstudents in the overall enrollment. The School has seven B.S. programs, five M.S. programs, anda doctoral

Conference Session

Two-year College Division: Authors Address Transfer Matters-Part II

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brooke Charae Coley, University of Virginia; Carolyn A. Vallas, University of Virginia

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Two Year College Division

 production  and  retention  of  Science,  Technology,  Engineering  and  Mathematics  (STEM)  talent  is  currently  a  major  threat  to  the  country2.    In  fact,  to  address  heightened  concern  regarding  the  United  States’  global  position,  several  national  efforts  have  been  implemented  to  increase  the  number  and  diversity  of  students  pursuing  degrees  and  entering  STEM  careers.    In  2012,  the  President’s  Council  of  Advisors  on  Science  and  Technology  announced  that  by  2022,  the  country  would  need  1  million  more  STEM  professionals  than  projected  to  be  produced18.    One  critical  asset  to  reaching  this  capacity  lies  in  the  cultivation  of  competent,  adaptable  engineers  prepared

Conference Session

Two-year College Division: Authors Address Transfer Matters-Part I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl Whitesel, Mesa Community College; Adam R. Carberry, Arizona State University

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Two Year College Division

engineeringtechnology programs are based on increasing self-efficacy. Self-efficacy has been used instudies as a measure of engineering design4, persistence5,6, success in mathematics7,8, gender inengineering education9,10, career choice11, and more. Self-efficacy has been shown to becorrelated with several key personal and academic characteristics, as outlined in Table 1.Students who have high self-efficacy for circuit analysis should have high confidence in theirresponses to an assessment of circuit analysis. Table 1. Characteristics Correlated with Self-Efficacy Number of college Hours worked each week12 Total time in program13,14

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Two-Year Engineering and Engineering Technology Programs

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amelito G Enriquez, Canada College; Erik N Dunmire, College of Marin; Nicholas P. Langhoff, Skyline College; Thomas Rebold, Monterey Peninsula College; Eva Schiorring; Tracy Huang, Canada College

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Two Year College Division

, theeffectiveness of the course resources, their use of these resources, and their overall satisfactionwith the course.1. IntroductionThe 2012 President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) report, “Engageto Excel” indicates that the United States needs to produce one million additional STEMprofessionals in the next decade in order to retain its historical preeminence in science andtechnology. To meet this need, the number of undergraduate STEM degrees will have to increaseby about 34 percent annually over the current rates. The PCAST report proposes that addressingthe retention problem in the first two years of college is the most promising and cost-effectivestrategy to address this need1. The California Community College System, with

Conference Session

Best Practices for Two-Year Students Majoring in Engineering & STEM Fields

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Courtney Hadsell, Cañada College; Tracy Huang, Cañada College; Amelito G Enriquez, Cañada College

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Two Year College Division

participate in the program.This paper will discuss the successes, obstacles, and best practices in developing andimplementing academic support programs for two-year college engineering students. Page 26.1244.21. IntroductionThere is a large push from multiple directions to increase the number of students in the UnitedStates graduating with STEM degrees. Recent projections show that there must be a 34%increase of students graduating in STEM fields within the next decade to allow the US to remaincompetitive on the world stage. (1) There are numerous academic routes for students to enter aSTEM field and due to the rising cost of traditional 4-year

Conference Session

Two-year College Division: Authors Address Transfer Matters-Part II

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura E. LeMire, The Community College of Baltimore County

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Two Year College Division

scholarship recipients (15%) have not transferred or graduated from Page 26.793.3CCBC and are not taking classes in Spring 2015.IntroductionThe need for college graduates with technology degrees, particularly in Information Technology(IT), Networking Technology (including Information Systems Security) (NT), EngineeringTechnology (ET) and Multimedia Technology (MMT) continues to grow. According to TheGeorgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, STEM will be one of the fastestgrowing occupations through 2020 with a 26% increase in employment in each category,creating 2.6 million job vacancies over the decade.1 The largest increases are

Conference Session

Focus on the Classroom: Innovative Pedagogies

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erik N Dunmire, College of Marin; Amelito G Enriquez, Canada College; Nicholas P. Langhoff, Skyline College; Thomas Rebold, Monterey Peninsula College; Eva Schiorring, Canada College

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Two Year College Division

Education program (NSF IUSE), three community colleges from NorthernCalifornia collaborated to increase the availability and accessibility of the engineeringcurriculum by developing resources and teaching strategies to enable small-to-medium sizedcommunity college engineering programs to support a comprehensive set of lower-divisionengineering courses. These resources were developed for use in a variety of delivery formats(e.g., fully online, online/hybrid, flipped face-to-face, etc.), providing flexibility for localcommunity colleges to leverage according to their individual needs. This paper focuses on thedevelopment and testing of the resources for an introductory Materials Science course with 3-unit lecture and 1-unit laboratory components

Conference Session

Addressing Diversity Issues in Engineering Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lea K Marlor, University of California, Berkeley; Catherine T. Amelink, Virginia Tech

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Diversity

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Two Year College Division

engineering and technology needs, a more diverse pool of students mustbe attracted to major in science and engineering.To address this problem, a push has been made to recruit students from community colleges totransfer into a bachelor program, majoring in STEM. Community colleges have a diversepopulation to pull from, 57% are women, 14% are African American/Black and 16- 20% areHispanic.2,4 The national transfer rate in 4-6 years for students enrolling in community collegewith the intention to transfer to a bachelor program is between 25-39% and efforts are needed toincrease this transfer rate.4Past studies on increasing the diversity of engineering have focused on social cognitive careertheory.1 Within this framework, researchers have examined the

Conference Session

Enhancing Student Success in Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicholas P Langhoff, Skyline College; Eva Schiorring; Erik N Dunmire, College of Marin; Thomas Rebold, Monterey Peninsula College; Tracy Huang, Canada College

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Two Year College Division

materials in a regular face-to-face course which will beused to inform subsequent on-line delivery. Additionally, student surveys and interviewsare used to assess students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the course resources, alongwith their sense of self-efficacy and identity as aspiring engineers.1. IntroductionEfforts to remain competitive internationally in engineering and technology require asignificant increase in the number of STEM graduates in the United States. A recentreport prepared by the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology statesthat currently less than forty percent of students entering college to pursue a STEM careerend up completing a STEM degree, citing that students typically leave the STEM field inthe

Conference Session

Two-Year to Four-Year Transfer Programs: Best Practices

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric James Davishahl, Everett Community College; Xiaopeng Bi, Washington State University

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Two Year College Division

communitycollege with intent to transfer to a four year university to complete their Bachelor of Sciencedegree.1 Community colleges play a substantial role in the production of engineering graduatesin Washington State. Several community colleges throughout the state offer comprehensiveengineering transfer programs that include all the courses necessary for students to transfer atjunior level in most engineering majors. Transfer students who completed their prerequisitecourse work at a community college make up approximately one third and one quarter ofengineering graduates at the main campuses of Washington State University in Pullman andUniversity of Washington in Seattle respectively. More broadly 36% of 2014 college graduatesin Washington had completed

Conference Session

Enhancing Student Success in Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Brown Bankhead III, Highline College; Tessa Alice Olmstead, Highline College; Judy Mannard PE, Highline Community College

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Two Year College Division

self-reported their race and/or ethnicity, 65% identified as being students of color, as shown inTable 1. This suggests a racially and ethnically diverse demographic. In addition to racial andethnic diversity, our engineering students are culturally diverse. Collectively, a class ofIntroduction to Engineering students can be expected to speak nearly 20 different languagesfluently, with greater than two out of three students being multilingual.In addition, many of our students were enrolled in a dual degree program where they have theopportunity to take college credit classes as junior or senior high school students. 26% of ourstudents were considered to be high school students attending college. On the other hand, 16%of our students were non

Conference Session

Focus on the Classroom: Novel Approaches to Course Delivery

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary J. Mullett, Springfield Technical Community College

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Two Year College Division

“graying” of the incumbent biomedical workforce andpending retirements was also considered. Some of the committee, including this author, felt thatthis proposed initiative presented an opportunity for the faculty to develop a new technicalprogram that would provide new graduates with the needed skill sets for the biomedical/healthcare industry that would be relevant well into the next decade. The unanswered questionswere, “who would take on this task” and “where would the necessary funding come from?”Interestingly and also unexpectedly, during these prolonged deliberations about the pros andcons of the Beacon Alliance requests, the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center (MLSC)5, a quasi-public organization charged with administering the ten year $1