pursue engineering. Figure 4 details the responses students provided. Somestudents selected multiple categories, and Figure 4 depicts the percentage each category wasselected by 37 participants. Here, it is again clear that altruistic tendencies are a majorcontributing factor to the female students’ desire to pursue engineering, in agreement withprevious literature. It also appears that students’ interests played a major role in their decision topursue engineering. This finding may reflect students’ desire to choose careers that arepersonally meaningful, which has also been demonstrated in literature as a relevant factor infemale students’ career decisions.14 Figure 4: Percentage of participants’ motivation to become
do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation. Bibliographic Information Page 26.850.141. Klein, C., DeRouin, R. E., & Salas, E. (2006). Uncovering workplace interpersonal skills: A review, framework, and research agenda. In G. P. Hodgkinson & J. K. Ford (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 80-126). New York: WIley & Sons, Ltd.2. National Research Council. (2012). Education for Life and Work: Developing Transferable Knowledge and Skills in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.3. National Association
majorengineering firm.I’m a people person […] My last internship was with [very large, well known, globalengineering firm], in California, but they didn’t have anything for me to do […] It was horriblyboring, horribly sucky […] I can usually click with everybody, just clown and have fun, but thatwas the first time with a group where I couldn’t really catch, like, a groove, a group of people toclown with. I couldn’t have fun with a subset of them, and of course, you have to be serious whenyou’re working, but I always want to clown and have fun, […] I like to get work done but I liketo also have fun with it.We believe this reflects how many of the traditional engineering firms come across as stodgy andunfriendly to this generation of students, and
10 ways to engage underrepresentedstudents in computing. Retrieved from http://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-engage-underrepresented-students-computing/top-10-ways-engage-underrepresented23 DO-IT. (2014). Checklist for making science labs accessible to students with disabilities. Retrieved fromhttp://www.uw.edu/doit/checklist-making-science-labs-accessible-students-disabilitiesAcknowledgementThis material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant #EEC-1444961. Anyopinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation
., Williams, L. (2004). Voices of women in asoftware engineering course: reflections on collaboration. Journal on EducationalResources in Computing, 4(1): 3.[21] Laeser, M., Moskal, B. M., Knecht, R. (2003). Engineering design: Examiningthe impact of gender and the team's gender composition. Journal of EngineeringEducation, 92(1): 49-56.[22] Du, X. Y. (2006). Gendered practices of constructing an engineering identity in aproblem-based learning environment. European Journal of Engineering Education,31(1): 35-42.[23] Du, X., Kolmos, A. (2007). Gender Inclusiveness in Engineering Education-IsProblem Based Learning Environment a Recipe?. European Journal of EngineeringEducation, 7(5): 25-38.[24] Stein, L. A., Aragon, D., Moreno, D. (2014). Evidence for
., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 96–124, 2014.[19] R. R. Bailey, A. K. Swan, A. Coso, M. F. Creager, and H. T. Rowan-Kenyon, “The role of gender in student perceptions of leadership on interdisciplinary engineering teams,” J. Women Minor. Sci. Eng., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 97–113, 2012.[20] E. A. Flynn, G. Savage, M. Penti, C. Brown, and S. Watke, “Gender and Modes of Collaboration in a Chemical Engineering Design Course,” J. Bus. Tech. Commun., 1991.[21] S. B. Berenson, K. M. Slaten, L. Williams, and C.-W. Ho, “Voices of women in a software engineering course: Reflections on collaboration,” J. Educ. Resour. Comput., vol. 4, no. 1, p. 3–es, 2005.[22] K. Beddoes and G. Panther, “Gender and teamwork: An analysis of professors
for the academic year 2017/18, withapproximately 125,000 students in Year 1. Considering the impending increase, taking 125, 000as the population size, a sample size of 383 is needed to achieve a 95% confidence level with a5% confidence interval. Data collection in the project reported on in this paper is currently stillongoing with the aim of collecting data from 400 Irish 3rd Year students and 400 Swedish Year 9students. The results reported in this paper reflect the current stage of data collection (ntotal = 513)and come from five random Irish schools and five random Swedish schools. Participants fromIreland (nIreland = 302) had a mean age of 14.63 (SD = 0.54) and comprised of 136 males, 149females, 9 participants who identified as other
students to be mentored towards pursuing graduate degrees. The remainder of thepaper will discuss respondent demographics and present comparisons and analyses based ongender identities of the surveyed students in the California State University, Fresno. Note that inthe year the survey was conducted, California State University, Fresno graduated 33 femaleengineering undergraduate students and employed 5 female tenured/tenure track faculty,reflecting a ratio essentially the same as the national ratio.Respondent demographics and survey response ratesOver the course of the 2018 - 2019 academic year, students of all genders enrolled in sixteendifferent departments from four colleges across California State University, Fresno and graduatesof these
haveunderscored the importance of individual-level psychological variables to diversity dynamics inorganizations as well [24].Such attitudes reflect individuals’ impressions and beliefs about people, objects, or issues [25]and are often deeply ingrained during early life and last throughout adulthood [26]. Connectingemployees’ attitudes about diversity to their prior socialization, Roberson et al. [22] state that,“[E]mployees not only bring their personal experiences with them but generational and historicalexperiences from their families and social groups” (p. 495). The attitudes that are more popularor carry more weight at a certain level, such as a nation, organization, or workgroup, thenbecomes that shared culture at that level [27], a phenomenon
men opt for technology [1]. Within different fields, thesegregation shows as differences in occupations, wages, and career paths. Research hasshown that the careers of women and men diverge upon labor market entry and continue todiverge along the career [2]. Much of the divergence reflects the horizontal segregation ineducational choices, but also the career paths of women and men with the same educationalbackground differ in many respects. This vertical segregation has not been studiedextensively in Finland. Understanding the gender differences is necessary to design effectivemeasures to reduce the vertical segregation and promote equality in the engineeringprofession.Horizontal and vertical gender segregationAll over the world, women and
college consistently ranked at the bottom of student concerns across everyyear and engineering major. We also needed a better understanding of how the studentsexperienced the program structure of our women in engineering program and if it could beimproved to better reflect the needs of this new student cohort. Finally, we wanted to know howprevalent these declining engagement trends were on campus and what, if any, steps could betaken to improve them. This paper focuses on focus groups held with undergraduate women inengineering students, and contextual interviews held with other campus programs, clubs andorganizations. First, we present a summary of what we learned about this new cohort of studentsas well as the key survey findings that informed
departments.AcknowledgmentsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) No.EEC-1653140 and 2123016 given to the second author. Any opinions, findings, and conclusionsor recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect those of the NSF. Wewant to give a special thanks to the institutional liaisons, Dr. Hector Cruzado, Dr. Sindia Rivera-Jimenez, Dr. Heather Shipley, Dr. Kimberly Cook-Chennault, and Dr. Paul Barr who assisted uswith collecting participant data in the first stage of sampling. We also want to thank theparticipants for sharing their experiences with us and the readers of this work.References[1] National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, “Women, Minorities, and Persons with
for women in science expanded but gendersegregation still existed. In the nineteenth century, women participated in aspects of science butmainly engaged in data-gathering rather than idea-creation [26] and were largely invisible andconcentrated in nurturing career tracks [39]. Prior to the 20th century and beyond, womensupported science but not pioneers in the field; reflective of the patriarchal society they lived in.Commonly known as biological determinism, the physical, psychological, and intellectual natureof women prohibited them from producing great science [38]. The Nineteenth and earlyTwentieth centuries posited if women were incorporated into scientific employment, they weresegregated in it with stereotypes of appropriate sex roles
rooted at the intersection of my identity as ablack woman. I have had to defend myself at times against tenured professors and illuminatemaltreatment and disrespect. The most frequent abuses I have experienced were at the handsStaff Researchers that direct and maintain campus user facilities (like a cleanroom, or an opticalanalysis laboratory). A Staff Researcher or technician (white males in my instances) either threwaway equipment while I was using it (disposing of my gloves while I was using the scanningelectron microscope) or antagonizing and questioning my “right” to be in the space, in aninstance where I was using an x-ray diffraction tool in a characterization laboratory.Summary: Panelists describe both internal reflection and external
, findings, and conclusions, and recommendations expressed in thisreport are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.References[1] R. Sowell, Doctoral Initiative on Minority Attrition and Completion., Washington, DC: Council of Graduate Schools, 2015.[2] M. Ong, C. Wright, L. L. Espinosa, and G. Orfield, “Inside the double bind: A Synthesis of empirical research on undergraduate and graduate women of color in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics,” Harv. Educ. Rev., vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 172–208, Jun. 2011, doi: 10.17763/haer.81.2.t022245n7x4752v2.[3] M. Cabay, B. L. Bernstein, M. Rivers, and N. Fabert, “Chilly climates, balancing acts, and shifting pathways: What happens to
awareness and education. Second, recommendations for policy change andorganizational change are made to encourage cultural and practical shifts in the academy.Awareness and EducationThis literature review, in itself, reflects the need for more awareness and education around thebarriers facing women in the academy. Much of the literature is focused on individual factors asexplanations for the disparity in the rates of women in higher ranks and engaged in academiccommercialization. Although this research is a positive first step, institutions, departments,leaders, and faculty must take a critical look at their entire system. Before they can criticallyassess their institutional environments, they must develop awareness and become educated aboutall of
years (as described in theprevious section). It follows that when we discuss the perceptions and experiences of womenfaculty who have departed, it is largely about women of color. And, of course, when discussingthe perceptions and experiences of male faculty who have departed, it is largely about whitemales. The reader should also keep in mind that the experiences of faculty who have departedmay differ from those who remain at UX. It is, therefore, an open question whether and to whatextent the perceptions and experiences of faculty who have exited UX are reflective of thebroader population of faculty at UX.Why Faculty LeaveFaculty who leave their institutions do so for a variety of reasons. Some of these factors relate tothe appeal of the new
) % Believe male faculty biased against 26 22 24 female STEM students Believe male students biased against 60 53 57 female STEM students Women must work harder than men 17 6 12 for same grade Personally experienced bias in the 35 39 36 STEM classroom However, the respondents are more critical about their fellow male students with 57% responding that male students are generally biased against females in their class (but only 10% indicated strongly agree). Comments accompanying this question reflect the Page 26.1737.16 experience
quarter for theAdvocates and Allies group, targeting male faculty) may impact the latter, however. Meetingonce a quarter is beneficial in that it provides time to reflect on issues between meetings, but itmeans that participants will be exposed to new material at a slower pace (particularly given thatthe related workshops and distinguished lectures will likely cease with the end of this academicyear with the expiration of the grant). It is anticipated that project leaders will have to providemore assistance to the Advocates and Allies group until they develop a stronger understanding ofissues, resources, and potential projects.A mixture of quantitative and qualitative measures have been used to assess and evaluate theprogram, including an annual