Conference Session

Innovative Instructional Strategies

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alejandra J. Magana; Sean Brophy, Purdue University; Timothy Newby, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

al. (2004). Remote atomic force microscopy of microscopic organisms: Technological innovations for hands-on science with middle and high school students. Science Education, 88 (1), 55-71. 8. Waldron, A. (2006, May). Nanotechnology in public. Nano Today. Retrieved on June 23, 2006 from http://www.nanotoday.com/pdfs nanotoday 02 2006/Opinion-Waldron.pdf, 1(2), 56. 9. Rozeboom, W. W. (1966). Scaling theory and the nature of measurement. Synthese, 16 (2), 170- 233. 10. Person, A. C., Berenson, S. B., & Greenspon, P. J. (2004). The role of number in proportional reasoning: a prospective teacher’s understanding. In (Vol. 4, p. 17-24). Proceedings of the 28th

Conference Session

FPD4 - Teaching Methods for First Year Students

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Hall, Louisiana Tech University; Stan Cronk, Louisiana Tech University; Patricia Brackin, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Mark Barker, Louisiana Tech University; Kelly Crittenden, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ ƚĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ ŝŶ ƚĂďůĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŐƌĂƉŚƐtƌŝƚĞ ƌĞƉŽƌƚƐ ĂŶĚ ŐŝǀĞ ŽƌĂů ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶƐZK E/E' d/s/d/^ ƐƐĞƐƐ ŝŵƉĂĐƚƐ ŽĨ ƐĞůĞĐƚĞĚ ŐůŽďĂů Θ ƐŽĐŝĞƚĂů ŝƐƐƵĞƐ ƚƚĞŶĚ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŝŽŶĂů ƐŽĐŝĞƚLJ ŵĞĞƚŝŶŐƐ ĂŶĚ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶƐ ƉƉůLJ ĐƌĞĂƚŝǀĞ ƉƌŽďůĞŵ ƐŽůǀŝŶŐ ƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞƐDĂŶĂŐĞ ƚŝŵĞ ĂŶĚ ƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞƐ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƉƌŽũĞĐƚƐ Page 13.855.15 Figure 10. Linkages between the freshman curriculum and the engineering disciplinesAssessmentDuring the 2006-07 academic year, the Living with the Lab curriculum was tested in pilotsections of honors students one last time before being fully implemented throughout the Collegeof

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Papadopoulos; Andrew Hable, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

million practicingengineers are actively employed in the United States, representing approximately 1.1% ofthe overall workforce. Over 3 million citizens have engineering degrees. Table 1. General Population and Employment Data Number Normalized by Normalized by Category (1000’s) US Population Total Employed US Population (2006 est.) [37] 299,398 100.0 Degree-aged (2006 est.) [37] 212,354 70.9 College Degreed Individuals (2003) [39] 40,621 13.6 US Workforce* (2006 est.) [36] 132,605

Conference Session

Engineering in High Schools

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mitchell Nathan, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Natalie Tran, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Allen Phelps, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Amy Prevost, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

that textbooks published after 1990 (following the mathematics reform of thelate 1980’s and the release of the landmark1989 NCTM Principles and Standards) placed lessemphasis on early mastery of symbolic representation, as compared to older textbooks that werepublished before mathematics education reform took hold8, suggesting that some systemicimpact of the reform affects curriculum organization.Another curriculum analysis effort was conducted by Project 2061, funded by the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) to help all Americans become literate inscience, mathematics, and technology1. Using the expertise of teachers, researchers, andscientists, Project 2061 developed a procedure for evaluating textbooks and assessments

Conference Session

Technical Capacity Bldg for Developing Countries & Service Learning / International Division Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fazil Najafi, University of Florida; James Carlsen, University of Florida; Meghan Ritter, University of Florida; Nick Safai, Salt Lake City College

Tagged Divisions

International

nations. Page 13.916.2 Municipal Solid Waste 2A Brief History of Solid Waste OperationsLike most of the public works fields, solid waste concepts were initially designed by the Greeksand Romans as early as 3000 BC. Although rudimentary, the first landfills were simple piles ofwaste with layers of earth piled on top to remove odor from the air.11 This stands in stark contrastto the high-tech waste facilities within the modern societies of the world. During the 1800’s, areport in England linked disease to environmentally unsanitary conditions. Meanwhile, in newlyurbanized

Conference Session

Engineering in Middle Schools

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tris West, Lewisburg Area School District; Abe Feuerstein, Bucknell University; Steven Shooter, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Science andEngineering (S/E) Career Interest Survey (CIS); a validated engineering career interest surveydesigned for middle school students5. Findings indicate that through participation in the“WebQuest” students became more interested in possible careers in engineering. This projectwas undertaken as part of an NSF Cyber Infrastructure Teams grant to explore new techniquesfor enhancing engineering education through cyber-supported product dissection that includesnine universities and 34 faculty members.Section 1: IntroductionProduct dissection has been used in a variety of ways to successfully engage engineeringstudents in their learning. Intellectual and physical activities such as dissection help to anchorknowledge and practice of engineering

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rose Marra, University of Missouri; Demei Shen, University of Missouri; David Jonassen, University of Missouri; Jenny Lo, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Vinod Lohani, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

, J. G. (1987). Knowledge acquisition for application: cognitive flexibility and transfer in complex content domains. In B. K. Britton & S. M. Glynn (Eds.) Executive control processes in reading. Hilsdale, NJ.12. McKnight, C., Dillon, A. & Richardson, J. (1996) User centered design of hypertext and hypermedia for education, in Jonassen, David H., Eds. Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology, pages pp. 622-633. New York: Macmillan.13. Jacobson, M. J. & Spiro, R. D. (1995). Hypertext learning environments, cognitive flexibility, and the transfer of complex knowledge: An empirical investigation. Journal of educational Computing Research, 12 (4), p. 301-333.14. Jonassen, D. (1997

Conference Session

Graphics and Visualization

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy Study, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

, 12 (4), 363-374.2. Harnisch, D. L., Polzin, J. R., Brunsting, J., Camasta, S., Pfister, H., Mueller, B., Frees, K., Gabric, K., Shope, R. J. (2002). Using visualization to make connections between math and science in high school classrooms. A Page 13.1233.6 paper presented at the Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education international conference, Nashville, TN.3. Fritz, J. P., Way, T. P., Barner, K. E. (1996). Haptic representation of scientific data for visually impaired or blind persons. Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Technology and Persons with Disabilities Conference

Conference Session

Research and Education in Radiation and Radiologic

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Marshall, North Carolina State University; Mohamed Bourham, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Nuclear and Radiological

13.873.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Matriculating Nuclear Engineering Students – The North Carolina State University Case Lisa Marshall and Mohamed Bourham Department of Nuclear Engineering at North Carolina State UniversityAbstractFirst-year nuclear engineering students typically complete a common freshman year thatdoes not include courses(s) in nuclear engineering. How then does a department engagestudents who have expressed their intent to major in nuclear engineering but haven’tmatriculated into the discipline as of yet? Through an analysis of matriculation trends anda survey of current nuclear engineering students, we will report on why students choosenuclear

Conference Session

Foster Excellence

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Gonzalez-Barreto, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez; Antonio Gonzalez-Quevedo, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez; Sonia Bartolomei-Suarez, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

. Page 13.608.7Bibliography1. Mo-Yin S Tam, Uday Sukhatme, “The importance of high school quality in university admissions decisions,” College and University Winter 2003, 78(3), pp 3-8.2. Gary S May, Daryl E Chubin, “A retrospective on undergraduate engineering success for underrepresented minority students,” Journal of Engineering Education, January 2003, 92(1), pp 27-39.3. Bartolomei-Suárez, Sonia M., González-Barreto, D. and González-Quevedo, A.A., “Using an Expected Loss Function to Identify Best High Schools for Recruitment,” Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Engineering Education, Sept. 3-7, 2007, Coimbra, Portugal

Conference Session

Projects & Laboratories in Mechanical ET

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua Pippin, Frostburg State University; Julie Wang, Frostburg State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

(A) (B)Figure 6 (A+B): Wind turbines with different blade design.TestingThe experimental tests were performed in the 24”x 24” wind tunnel (see Figure 7).The wind velocity ranged from 3.0-30.5m/s, or 10.0-100.0 ft/s (0.684 – 68 mile/hr).Figure 7: The Wind Tunnel (ELD Model 406 (A), 24”x 24”)Test Wind Turbine (A)The wind turbine with NACA 4415 airfoil design was tested for minimum base rotationspeed, minimum blade rotation speed, and voltage at maximum allowed wind tunnelspeed. The results are shown in Figure 8.Test Wind Turbine (B)This model was tested using various wind speeds and blade numbers. The tests began byusing three blades with a 15 degree pitch. The blades did not start to rotate until the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rocio Chavela Guerra, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica Cox, Purdue University; Heidi Diefes-Dux, Purdue University

demanding higher education around the 1960’s have beentwo of the main components for the growing reliance on GTAs for undergraduate Page 13.413.2instruction. While accomplishing the mission of relieving some of the faculty’s teachingload, GTAs face a wide variety of responsibilities[1, 2]. Prieto[3-5] and Richards[6] findingssuggest that the ways GTAs perceive their instructional roles have a significant impact intheir development. Literature indicates that training courses are helpful to shape GTAsperceptions about their instructional roles. Prieto has been systematically documentingunderstanding of GTAs self-efficacy toward teaching as a function of

Conference Session

Project-Based Learning in ECE Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saeed Khan, Kansas State University-Salina; Greory Spaulding, Kansas State University-Salina

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

surprisingconsidering the directional nature of the antenna.Outdoor Signal Test: We rolled the large Cantenna to a distance of about 200 yards fromour building (Technology Center) and hooked it up through 2511 PLUS EXT2 wirelesscard to a laptop which was running Net Stumbler. We then turned the antenna to face theTech Center. Using our antenna we were able to pick up 8 access points with 4 of themhaving a signal to noise ratio (S/N) greater than or equal to 20 dB (a threshold requiredfor proper access). We then replaced the large cantenna with a smaller one and we werethen able to pick up 7 access points with 2 of them having S/N ratio that is greater thanthe threshold. Figure 8 shows location of our measurements with a white star. Figure 6. A

Conference Session

Reaching Students: Innovations to Curriculum in ET

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sergio Sgro, Eastern Kentucky University; Steve Freeman, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

PracticeAs mentioned above, the first step in the UbD process is identification of the enduringunderstanding(s) that will focus the curriculum for a particular course. Table 2 providesexamples of enduring understandings from technology-related courses developed using the UbDprincipals. Course Enduring Understanding 1) Establishment of a pull system with linked manufacturing cells is a key component of maintaining global competitiveness.Lean Manufacturing 2) Successful implementation of lean is a management process requiring total commitment from all employees that results in a complete

Conference Session

Continuous Improvement & Assessment of ET Programs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jung Oh, Kansas State University-Salina; Beverlee Kissick, Kansas State University-Salina

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

to five students from the chemistry and the upper divisiontechnical writing courses. This cross-curricular collaboration has amplified teaching Page 13.1243.5effectiveness of each unit and strengthened the collegial communication to make the assignmenta meaningful teaching/learning experience not only for themselves but also for students.Bibliography1 O’Donovan, E. “Professional learning communities” District Administration 43.3 2007 Vol.2 p942 Kraat, S. B. Ed. Relationships between Teaching Faculty and Teaching Librarians. New York: Haworth20053 Elmborg, J.; Hook, S. Ed. Centers for Learning: Writing Centers and Libraries in

Conference Session

ECE Pedagogy and Assessment II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dale Buechler, University of Wisconsin-Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Seven EE courses at UW-FV will have been completed by theend of the Spring 2008 semester as part of this collaborative program starting in 2006.Initial feedback from students has been for the most part quite positive, however, as with anynew venture, we have a lot to learn, especially in the offering of distance courses.Bibliography 1. M. Sternhagen, J. Hoerning, C. Bronold , “Two-Year College Partners With Four-Year University To Offer Evening Engineering Degrees,” Proceedings of the 2006 ASEE Annual Conference 2. D.N. Buechler, “Improved Learning by Nontraditional Undergraduate Students in Analytical Methods In Engineering,” Proceedings of the 2003 ASEE Annual Conference 3. S. Owen, R. Goodnight, G. Randolph “The

Conference Session

Developing Communication/Teamwork Skills in ChEs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joan Alabart, University Rovira i Virgili; Sibel Özgen, University Rovira i Virgili; Magda Medir, University Rovira i Virgili; Hans-Joerg Witt, Witt & Partner

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Gerlick, Washington State University; Denny Davis, Washington State University; Steven Beyerlein, University of Idaho; Jay McCormack, University of Idaho; Phillip Thompson, Seattle University; Olakunle Harrison, Tuskegee University; Michael Trevisan, Washington State University

Conference Session

Trends in Construction Engineering Education I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gabriel Alungbe, Morehead State University; Xiaolong Li, Morehead State University; Jason Stepp, Morehead State University; Ahmad Zargari, Morehead State University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

, engineering or construction science AND 8 years experience in general design/construction. (This experience is in addition to the 48-month CM requirement.)A summary of the professional organizations, their certifications, and requirements is presentedin the table below. Page 13.1002.6 Organizations Certification(s) Requirements 4 years of education or1. American Institute of Associate Constructor (AC) equivalent

Conference Session

BME Laboratories and Skills-Based Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shekhar Sharad, National Instruments

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

function block in this menu system can present asignificant challenge. For example, if a student wants to detect the peak of a waveform, the Page 13.7.3navigation route would be something as shown in figure 2. Figure 2. Accessingg a Wa Waveform Peak Detect VI/Function in LabVIEW IEW TodayAccessing a waveform peak detec detect VI requires roughly navigating through four sub-palettes s andabout 30 other VIs. While this

Conference Session

Recruitment and Retention

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Salil Desai, North Carolina A&T State University; Leotis Parrish, North Carolina A&T State University; Marcia Williams, North Carolina A&T State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

undergraduates in a Historically Black College and University.” Page 13.717.7 Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition.2. Desai S., Lovell M. (2005), “Multiphysics Modeling of a Piezoelectric Bimorph Disc in a Direct Write Fabrication Process”, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2005.3. Desai S., Moore A., Sankar J., Method of Producing Calcium alginate Microbeads using Drop on Demand Inkjet Printing, Invention Disclosure - NCA&TSU, Sept 2006.4. NSF LSAMP Program: http://www.ehr.nsf.gov/hrd/amp.asp

Conference Session

Learning to Communicate with Engineers and Non-Engineers

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Ross, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

Assessment. http://www.abet.org2. Bloom, B, et al. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longmans Green, 1956.3. Carliner, S. E-Portfolios. ASTD, May 2006. 71 – 74.4. Carlson, P. Teaching a Course in the Ethics of Human Communication. 29th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education,1999. 12d6 – 18.5. Cohn, E., and Hibbits, B. Beyond the Electronic Portfolio. Educause Quarterly, 4, 2004. 7 – 10.6. Hansen, E. Technological Expertise in Liberal Education. 36th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education, 2006. S1H-17- 227. Heywood, J. Think…About How Others Think: Liberal Education and Engineering. 37th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers inEducation, 2007. T3C-20 -24.8. Jablokow, K. Engineers as Problem Solving Leaders: Embracing the Humanities. IEEE Technology and Society,Winter

Conference Session

Global Cooperative Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Akins, Georgia Institute of Technology; Debbie D. Gulick, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jack Lohmann, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

Lohmann, Georgia Institute of Technology Page 13.903.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 MODELS ON INDUSTRY AND UNIVERSITY GLOBAL COLLABORATION THROUGH CO-OP AND INTERNSHIPSIntroductionFrom industry giants to start-ups; from the U. S. News’ top schools to aspiring institutionsof higher education; and from the bastions of engineering education in the U. S. tocampuses in all areas of the world, globalization is the mantra being spoken by educators,administrators, and corporate leaders. Author Thomas Friedman brought this to theforefront in his best selling book, The World is Flat, and the topic is constantly

Conference Session

Curriculum Development and Applications

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jana Whittington, Purdue University Calumet; Kim Nankivell, Purdue University Calumet; Joy Colwell, Purdue University Calumet

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Experiential Learning: A Handbook of Best Practice for Educators andTrainers: This type of learning occurs when students participate in some activity, reflect upon the activity, use their analytical skills to derive some useful insight from the experience, and then incorporate their new understanding(s) into their daily lives. What experiential learning does best is capture the interest and involvement of the participants, but most importantly it contributes significantly to the transfer of learning.Instructional InterventionTo implement EL learning in a degree program, faculty need to be made aware of theexperiential criteria so they can design an appropriate and effective EL course. Faculty at ourinstitution gain

Conference Session

Problem Solving and Misconceptions

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Litzinger, Pennsylvania State University; Carla Firetto, Pennsylvania State University; Lucas Passmore, Pennsylvania State University; Peggy Van Meter, Pennsylvania State University; Kelli Higley, Pennsylvania State University; Christine B. Masters, Pennsylvania State University; Francesco Costanzo, Pennsylvania State University; Gary L. Gray; Stephen Turns, Pennsylvania State University; Jonna Kulikowich

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Conference Session

Electrical Engineering Technology Design Projects & Curriculum

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kin Moy, Youngstown State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

limiting EM emissions to the environment as well as protectingelectronic systems from the EM interference. Since the mid-1990’s, there has been a tremendousincrease in the applications of the EMC in the automotive industry due to the increased usages ofelectronic devices in vehicle operational control and high speed data communication systems.This paper discusses the effect of EMC on the environment and potential product safety issues aswell as the regulatory and product EMC requirements issued by many governments, standardsorganizations, and manufacturers around the world.The increased of EMC requirements created new opportunities in EMC test engineering. TheEET graduates, due to their extensive hands-on training in the laboratory are uniquely

Conference Session

Thinking around the Bachelor of Arts in Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sharon Jones, Lafayette College

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

University’s IDEAS B.S. program that integrates the arts, engineering, and sciences into one non-ABET accredited degree [Students have the option to structure their curriculum so they can also get a traditional B.S. degree.] o Provides a technical liberal arts preparation for non-engineering design careers. These programs retain students who become disillusioned with design in engineering departments and engineering colleges.• Engineering courses for non engineers included in the general education requirements o E.g. Princeton University’s Center for Innovation in Engineering Education with multiple courses, Harvard University’s freshman course(s) titled Introduction to the World of

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education III

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Idowu, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg; Mohamed Omer, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

quadratic costfunction parameters. Ct is the total cost, while PL and PD are the total loss and demandrespectively.REFERENCES[1] M. Kezunovic, A. Abur, H. Garng, A. Bose, K. Tomsovic, “The role of digital modeling and simulation in power engineering education,” IEEE Trans. Power Systems, vol. 19, n 1, pp. 64 – 72, Feb. 2004.[2] P. Idowu, “Development of a prototype resource optimizing, access delimited (ROAD) laboratory,” Proc. 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, vol. 2, pp. 1405-1409.[3] M. M. Albu, K. E. Holbert, G. T. Heydt, S. D. Grigorescu, V. Trusca, “Embedding Remote Experimentation in Power Engineering Education,” IEEE Trans. Power Systems, vol. 19, n 1, pp. 139-143, Feb. 2004.[4] M., Varano; M., Patel; D., Asnani

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Harris, California Polytechnic State University; Dominic Dalbello, Allan Hancock College; Jianbiao Pan, California Polytechnic State University; Albert Liddicoat, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. Studentsprovided drafting masks for the fabrication of their PCB board design. Thus, Cal Poly has a richhistory in integrating manufacturing technology into the engineering curriculum, and this historyprovided the foundation for the present project to integrate system design into the curriculum.Reviewing the literature for the integration of manufacturing technology into the engineeringcurriculum for the last two decades is illuminating and provides the foundation for this project.In the 1990's, engineering programs which had either manufacturing technology, ormanufacturing engineering programs, as part of their engineering colleges, were proposing theintegration of electronic manufacturing technology into the electrical and computer

Conference Session

Use of Technology to Provide Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jakob Bruhl, United States Military Academy; James Ledlie Klosky; Elizabeth Bristow, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

. Page 13.1390.10 9Bibliography1 Levin, D. and Arafeh, S. 2007. “The Digital Disconnect: The Widening Gap Between Internet-Savvy Students andTheir Schools.” Pew Internet and American Life Project.2 Klosky, J. and Ressler, S. 2007. “Asynchronous delivery of engineering courses to a widely dispersed studentbody.” Proceedings of the 2007 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, Honolulu, HI.3 Klosky, Hains, Ressler, Evers and Erickson. 2006. “AIM for Better Student Learning: Best Practices for UsingInstant Messaging and Live Video to Facilitate Instructor-Student Communication.” Proceedings of the 2006American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, Chicago, IL.4