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Displaying results 4261 - 4290 of 17677 in total
Collection
2000 Annual Conference
Authors
Rosa Betancourt de Perez; Rosa Buxeda; Moises Orengo; Lueny M. Morell; Jose R. Lopez
addition to traditional exams and quizzes, students were requested to document learning experiences in a student portfolio. C. Integration of Class & Laboratory Dr. José R. López chose to integrate the Physics for Engineers course lecture and laboratory sessions using a constructivist approach to promote active learning. The goal was to put the student at the center of the teaching- learning process7. Originally, the traditional course consisted of four one-hour lecture sessions and a separate two-hour laboratory, for a total of six contact hours each
Collection
1998 Annual Conference
Authors
Edward Doskocz; Alan R. Klayton; Parris C. Neal; Ruth D. Fogg; Scott A. Stefanov; Pamela J. Neal; George W. P. York; Daniel J. Pack; Cameron Wright; Steven Barrett
Digital Systems course an EDUCOMP (EDUcational COMPuter) trainer was used to teach the interrelationship between computer hardware and software. This trainer was designed and built in-house in the mid 1970s. The trainer had served long and well; however, its memory was restricted to 16 address locations which limited instructional opportunities and reduced cadet motivation.• In the EE281 Introductory Digital Systems course a circuit simulator such as Micro Sim’s Evaluation PSPICE was used to simulate student laboratory project designs prior to implementation. This is an important step in the design, simulate, build, and test process. Precious classroom time was being used to teach the fundamentals of the PSPICE simulation
Conference Session
COVID-19, Next Generation of STEM Professionals, and Racialized Organizations
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Tejal Mulay, Florida A&M University - Florida State University; Mohamed Khalafalla, Florida A&M University - Florida State University; Chao Li, P.E., Florida A&M University - Florida State University; Doreen Kobelo Regalado, Florida A&M University - Florida State University; Behnam Shadravan, Florida A&M University - Florida State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Minorities in Engineering Division(MIND)
collegeand come from low-income families, with over 80% of undergraduates working part-time. Bothprograms are ABET-accredited and offer four-year undergraduate degrees. These programs followa hands-on laboratory-based approach to teaching and have an average 10:1 student-faculty ratioin their core courses. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, all the courses in both programs were offered in-person.FAMU has adapted Canvas as a learning management system tool, which can facilitate courseinstruction, communication, sharing of materials and recorded lectures, discussion forums, anddesign and management of assessments, assignments, and grades. During the pandemic, facultyhad to adapt their traditional course material to suit online teaching through
Conference Session
Development of Undergraduate Distance Education Programs
Collection
2007 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Frank Fisher, Stevens Institute of Technology; Hamid Hadim, Stevens Institute of Technology; Sven Esche, Stevens Institute of Technology; Robert Ubell, Stevens Institute of Technology; Constantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of Technology
Tagged Divisions
Continuing Professional Development
delivery is to provide the opportunity for a freshlook at how to teach the material, and indeed what to teach, which can at the same time alsobenefit our traditional curriculum. Participation in developing an online program offers thecorollary of an attractive vehicle for faculty development. New areas of nanotechnology andbioengineering may be introduced into the curriculum as a result of the re-evaluation of coursesthat is taking place as we consider the specifics of a design of the online undergraduate program.From an operational standpoint, students will need access to the appropriate suite of softwaretools and hardware with the equivalent functionality currently readily available and supportedwithin the on-campus computer laboratories. This
Conference Session
Information and Network Security
Collection
2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Abul K. M. Azad, Northern Illinois University; Munish Sharma, Northern Illinois University
Tagged Divisions
Computing & Information Technology
we have all these LMS, why do we need another one? The main consideration for LMSsoftware development was the requirements for teaching courses (online or hybrid). None ofthem catered to Internet accessible remote laboratories. With this scenario, an LMS has beendeveloped to support remote laboratory delivery. Along with the standard features, the newlydeveloped LMS allows management of the laboratory experiments, performance of experimentsby the students, access control, experiment time allocation, a queue for experiment performance,weekly surveys, and tracking of facility usage.6. Developed Learning Management SystemThe LMS has been developed to support an Internet accessible remote laboratory facility. TheLMS is implemented using a
Conference Session
Innovation & Assessment in the delivery of IT/IET
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Adam Stienecker, Ohio Northern University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
equipment used in the laboratory. These are the textbooks that are used inindustry. These documents are sometimes inconvenient when used as a teaching textbook, butthe solution carries an added benefit that the students are well trained in using technical manualsand sorting their way through datasheets after having gone through the curriculum. In someinstances supplemental material must be provided as a datasheet does not give attention to allissues. One such issue is that of EOAT selection. If an angular finger gripper is required whatforce must be used to maintain hold on the payload? If a vacuum cup is required, how muchvacuum is required? Another issue is communication networks. How does DeviceNet work?What are the priority levels in the
Collection
2001 Annual Conference
Authors
James Leary
Safety in EngineeringHydrodynamics Instrumentation & Measurement EquipmentTwelve, 50-minute periods were devoted to conducting laboratories and 28 periods were forlectures. While most of the lecture material was newly developed, notes from teaching anintroductory course in engineering were also used. Supplementary material from the referencetextbook written by Eide, et al.3 was invaluable.The condensed course contents for lectures are listed below.Introduction StatisticsOverview of ABE Engineering EconomyDimensions, Units & Conversions CR-10 Instrumentation/ProgrammingEngineering Estimations &
Collection
2001 Annual Conference
Authors
Robert Krchnavek; Shreekanth Mandayam
projects knownas “Clinics” that students are required to take every semester of their curriculum. As a team ofinstructors who teach the Engineering Electromagnetics (EEMAG) I and II sequence, we weremotivated by a desire to create a set of courses, that require students to do real and relevantengineering electromagnetics – and utilize these skills effectively in later courses and clinicprojects. It is difficult to tackle all topics in a 7-week period so care must be taken to emphasizekey topics and strengthen understanding through real-world laboratory exercises. We present someexamples of a successful implementation of these objectives in this paper. We discuss numerousreal-world applications that are studied during our single semester sequence
Conference Session
Approaches to Assessment and Student Reflection
Collection
2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Sabrine Griffith, Harvey Mudd College; Spencer Rosen, Harvey Mudd College; Eleanor Byrnes, Harvey Mudd College; Laura Palucki Blake, Harvey Mudd College; Matthew Spencer, Harvey Mudd College
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Educational Research and Methods
steps in the lab manual, and thereby gain both learning benefits (by cyclingfurther around Kolb’s learning cycle) and metacognitive benefits (by reflecting on the context ofthe laboratory task). This hypothesis was tested in a controlled experiment at Harvey-MuddCollege, a small, STEM-focused liberal arts college. The introductory engineering course at thecollege teaches discipline-agnostic, mathematical modeling of engineering systems using aflipped classroom with tightly coupled laboratory sessions. Approximately half of the studentsin the laboratory sections received treatment lab manuals with many interactive questions, whilethe other half received control lab manuals that contained fewer questions. The groups wereassessed in various ways
Conference Session
Study Abroad, International Exchange Programs, and Student Engagements
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jose del Carmen Chin Vera; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Américas, Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Américas, Puebla
Tagged Divisions
International
decade; the use of simulation games hasbeing growing for teaching several courses4-6, 15, 16.The main goal of the FAS is that students can "perform" several analytical techniques applied tofoods and have the “feeling” of being in a real laboratory, making their learning more attractiveand less tedious for them. The perspective of the FAS is “first person” like many modern FirstPerson Shooter games as Call of Duty 3. The interaction with the student is performed bypointing an object and make click on it, it's connected to a MySQL database in order to log eachstudent activity, which can be used to assess the materials chosen by the students for laboratorywork. The hardest part in the development of the FAS was to create the 3D models in order
Conference Session
Pedagogical Issues in Computing
Collection
2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Tumkor Serdar, Stevens Institute of Technology; El-Sayed Aziz, Stevens Institute of Technology; Sven K. Esche, Stevens Institute of Technology; Constantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of Technology (School of Engineering and Science)
Tagged Divisions
Computers in Education
procedures that gobeyond those possible with the physical hardware.Second Life is classified by some educators as a Multi-User Virtual Environment, a term forvirtual worlds that lack the ‘game’ component 12. As 3D virtual community, Second Lifeincreased in popularity, teaching and meeting spaces were designed to compare 3D game with3D virtual world communities. This paper describes some of the methods used to overcome thetechnical obstacles in creating virtual laboratory experiments in Second Life, a popular virtualenvironment that so far has mostly been used for entertainment and social interactions.Overview of Second Life / OpenSimulatorAlthough Second Life looks like a 3D game, it is one of the most popular non-game, 3D multi-user virtual
Conference Session
Design in the ECE Curriculum
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Frank Kragh; Jeffrey Reed; Carl Dietrich; Donna Miller
Tagged Divisions
Electrical and Computer
Education in Software Defined Radio Design Engineering Abstract— Software Defined Radio (SDR), an interdisciplinary emerging technology,presents new challenges for communications engineers and engineering educators. In SDR,signal modulation and information coding are defined in the system's software, nothardware. The authors have incorporated SDR design into their respective curricula bothto support the growing demand for SDR engineering and to teach widely applicablesystems engineering concepts. SDR-oriented curricular changes include new courses,laboratories, and software design tools. Software radio design is taught as aninterdisciplinary systems engineering undertaking, emphasizing the importance of
Conference Session
Instrumentation in the Classroom
Collection
2004 Annual Conference
Authors
William J., Jr. Park; Elizabeth A. Stephan; Benjamin L. Sill; Matthew Ohland
Second Tier—Learning and Teaching Styles in College ScienceEducation,” Journal of College Science Teaching 23(5), 286-290, 1993.7 Thornton, R.K. and D.R. Sokoloff, “Learning Motion Concepts Using Real-TimeMicrocomputer-Based Laboratory Tools,” Am. J. Phys., 58(9), 858-67, September, 1990.8 Brasell, H., “The effect of Real-Time Laboratory Graphing on Learning GraphicRepresentations of Distance and Velocity,” J. of Research in Science Teaching, 24(4), 385-95,1987.9 Redish, E.F., J.M. Saul, and R.N. Steinberg, “On the effectiveness of active-engagementMicrocomputer-Based Laboratories,” Am. J. of Physics, 65, 45-54, 1997.10 Beichner, R.J., “The impact of video motion analysis on kinematics graph interpretationskills,” American Journal of
Conference Session
Manufacturing Capstone and Design Projects
Collection
2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Saeed D. Foroudastan, Middle Tennessee State University; Rachel Klapper, Middle Tennessee State University; Sandi Hyde, Middle Tennessee State University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
Laboratory Experiences That Do Not Stifle CreativityLaboratory courses often supplement basic science classes in high school and college. Thehands-on activities provided in laboratories can challenge and excite students in a ways notachievable through traditional lecture-style teaching. Working in laboratories gives studentsopportunities to explore scientific concepts while applying knowledge gained classrooms. Page 22.941.2These experiences not only reinforce textbook ideas, but also instill students with confidence inboth their knowledge and abilities. The benefits of laboratory activities and their contributions toengineering-student retention
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kathleen Meehan, Virginia Tech; Robert W. Hendricks, Virginia Tech; Cortney V. Martin, Virginia Tech; Peter Doolittle, Virginia Tech; Justeen Olinger, Virginia Tech
Tagged Topics
NSF Grantees
function generator (Velleman PCSGU250) was adopted in Spring2009. Page 22.994.2 The first four laboratory exercises in the d.c. circuits course are designed to teach the students procedures on circuit construction and how to perform simple measurement techniques, using a DMM initially and, later in the semester, using
Conference Session
Professional Practice and AEC Education
Collection
2009 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
James Mwangi, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Craig Baltimore, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Brent Nuttall, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Tagged Divisions
Architectural
tosixteen students per class and are usually conducted in smart rooms with layout as shown inFigure 3. This is also where the “learn by doing” comes to fruition similar to the old medicalexpression of: “see one, do one, teach one”.One condition on enrollment of the design laboratory courses is that the student cannot take twoof the above three courses from the same instructor. By limiting the number of students tosixteen and exposing the students to different instructors, who themselves have differentbackgrounds in the structural engineering consulting profession, the students get accustomed toworking close to their supervisors on a one to one basis. Before graduating, the students areexposed to working for different
Conference Session
Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL) Technical Session - Instructional Technology 1
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Joseph Speight P.E., United States Military Academy; Brett Rocha P.E., United States Military Academy; Brock E. Barry P.E., United States Military Academy
Tagged Divisions
Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)
) conference paper [3] authors spoke about anew education space that would have flexible laboratory modules that would allow for futuremodification. The authors spoke that these new spaces would be utilized for clinic projects,multiple disciplines courses, for teaching / research, and be able to accommodate multiplecourses of instruction. In the field of Civil Engineering, space was constructed to providetechnology focused courses and research, discipline courses and research, and student teamprojects. More specifically it was made with three contiguous modules that form a 66 x 40ft openarea with one half dedicated to environmental engineering and the other half dedicated toinfrastructure engineering with a classroom centrally located in the center
Collection
2001 Annual Conference
Authors
Francis W. Derby
by participating in seminars and workshops.The second approach to improve teaching is aimed at providing students with a betterunderstanding of the course material. Efforts in this area include documentation of revisions inthe course material, new laboratory assignments, and course projects, as well as additionalsoftware or on-line resources. Other activities are instructional innovations, including somemeasure of their effectiveness at helping students to gain a better understanding of the coursematerial.Peer and Student Evaluations of Teaching EffectivenessAlthough self-assessment can provide some insights into aspects of teaching that needimprovement, teaching effectiveness can best be judged by the students, who are thebeneficiaries, and
Conference Session
Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Poster Session
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Shouling He, Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)
to teach students the basic principles ofdrone aeronautics through laboratory programming.This course was designed by professors from Vaughn College of Aeronautics andTechnology for high school students who work on after-school and weekend programs duringthe school year or summer. In early 2021, the college applied for and was approved to offer acertificate program in UAS (Unmanned Aerial Systems) Designs, Applications and Operationsto college students by the Education Department of New York State. Later that year, thecollege also received a grant from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to providetuition-free early higher education for high school students, allowing them to complete themajority of the credits in the UAS certificate
Conference Session
Electrical Energy Courses - Labs and Projects
Collection
2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Yazan Alsmadi, Ohio State University ; Kaichien Tsai, Ohio State University; Mark J. Scott, Ohio State University; Longya Xu, Ohio State University; Aimeng Wang
Tagged Divisions
Energy Conversion and Conservation
Electronics and Motor Drives EducationABSTRACTThis paper presents a new Power Electronics and Motor Drives Laboratory at the Ohio StateUniversity (OSU). The laboratory implemented an alternative style of teaching referred to as an“Open Space Laboratory.” In this approach, students are provided with all the facilities to dotheir laboratory work in an openly available work space that can be accessed at a time that isconvenient for them. However, due to safety considerations, the implementation at OSU stillincludes one instructor and at least one lab-monitor to manage potential personnel and equipmentsafety issues.This lab course is designed for college seniors and graduate students. It includes a unique set ofexperiments
Conference Session
Software and Web-based Learning in ECE
Collection
2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Mohamed Tawfik, Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED); Elio Sancristobal, uned; Sergio Martin, UNED - Spanish University for Distance Education; Rosario Gil, Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED); Alberto Pesquera, UNED; SANTIAGO MONTESO FERNANDEZ, UNED; Félix García Loro, Predoctoral fellow; Maria José Albert Gomez, UNED; GABRIEL DIAZ ORUETA, UNED; Nevena Mileva, Plovdiv University "Paisii Hilendarski"; Mihail Milev; juan peire; Manuel Castro, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia
Tagged Divisions
Electrical and Computer
electronics applications," in Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching (TAEE), 2012, 2012, pp. 359-364.[12] M. Tawfik, E. Sancristóbal, S. Martín, C. Gil, A. Pesquera, S. Ros, R. Pastor, R. Hernández, G. Díaz, J. Peire, and M. Castro, "Towards a Better Deployment of Remote Laboratories in Undergraduate Engineering Education," in Using Remote Labs in Education: Two Little Ducks in Remote Experimentation, J. G. Zubía and G. R. Alves, Eds., ed Bilbao: University of Deusto, 2011.[13] M. Tawfik, E. Sancristobal, S. Martin, R. Gil, G. Diaz, J. Peire, and M. Castro, "On the Design of Remote Laboratories," in Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), IEEE, Marrakesh, 2012, pp. 1-6.[14] M. Tawfik, E
Conference Session
Engineering Physics & Physics Division Technical Session 2
Collection
2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Timothy J. Garrison, York College of Pennsylvania
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Physics & Physics
developing a good workethic. If done properly, these courses can teach students the importance of acquiring a conceptualunderstanding rather than rote memorization of how to plug into equations. When successful,these courses teach students how to digest a problem, sort out the relevant concepts, makeassumptions, and reflect critically on their analyses. Conversely, if done poorly, students begintheir engineering education unprepared, either in conceptual/technical knowledge, problemsolving skills, or both.Throughout its long history, physics has been taught in nearly the same manner – via lectures,often supplemented by a laboratory experience. Several decades ago physics educatorsrecognized the need for change; students were not learning the
Conference Session
Hands-On Skills in BME
Collection
2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Elizabeth Kathleen Bucholz, Duke University; Matthew Brown, Duke University Pratt School of Engineering, department of Biomedical Engineering
Tagged Divisions
Biomedical Engineering
Paper ID #22013Creating New Labs for an Existing Required Biomedical Engineering Imag-ing CourseDr. Elizabeth Kathleen Bucholz, Duke University Dr. Bucholz is an Assistant Professor of the Practice for the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Duke University and has served as the Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies for the Department of Biomedical Engineering in the Pratt School of Engineering for the past four years. She has been teaching for the department for 7 years, and graduated from Duke University with a Ph.D. in Biomedical Engi- neering in 2008 from the Center for In Vivo Microscopy under the guidance of
Conference Session
Integrating Mathematics, Science, and Engineering
Collection
2007 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jenna Carpenter, Louisiana Tech University
Tagged Divisions
Mathematics
on pre- and post-test performance of integrated sectionsonly (collected during the process of course revision as a formative evaluation) shows thegreatest improvement in laboratory safety skills, with data on mastery of course content varyingfrom discipline to discipline. While this likely reflects the fact the differing rates ofimplementation of the course revisions in each of the disciplines during the time frame this datawas collected, differences in use of graduate teaching assistants in the labs and the varyingdegree of training they receive also may be contributing to this behavior. Data collected thisyear, after full implementation of content revision, should provide a clearer picture of studentperformance.ConclusionTraditionally
Collection
1997 Annual Conference
Authors
Christopher G. Braun
Session 1526 The CSM Electronics Prototyping Facility Christopher G. Braun Colorado School of MinesWhy an Electronics Prototyping Facility is NeededMost electronic laboratory projects require building simple circuits that are torn apart as soon asthe lab is over -- resulting in a limited opportunity for the students to construct anything useful.Students are often frustrated in electronics courses and laboratories as they never quite get to thelevel where they can design and build anything practical.[1] The CSM Electronics PrototypingFacility (EPF) provides students with
Conference Session
Design Throughout the ChE Curriculum
Collection
2004 Annual Conference
Authors
Timokleia Togkalidou; Rudiyanto Gunawan; Mitsuko Fujiwara; Jr., J. Carl Pirkle; Eric Hukkanen; Richard Braatz
Session # 1413 A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO CHEMICAL PROCESS DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT Richard D. Braatz, Mitsuko Fujiwara, Eric J. Hukkanen, J. Carl Pirkle, Jr., Timokleia Togkalidou, and Rudiyanto Gunawan Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 braatz@uiuc.eduAbstractThis paper describes a combined lecture-discussion-laboratory course for teaching students asystematic approach to process design and development. This course intends to providestudents with a
Collection
1997 Annual Conference
Authors
T. Chang; R. Barat; J. F. Federici; H. Grebel; A. M. Johnson
. Curriculum DevelopmentThe following sequence of courses are offered Optical Science and Engineering 301--Introduction to Optics Principles--offered Fall 96, Spring 97 Optical Science and Engineering 402--Applications--offered Spring 97 Optical Science and Engineering 601--Advanced Topics--offered Fall 96The following is an overview of the three courses including contributions from all five facultyparticipants. Updated course outlines and laboratory procedures may be accessed through theOPSE web page URL http://www.njit.edu/Directory/Centers/OPSE.The curriculum development focuses on the theme of teaching optical science and engineering asan enabling technology. Students will learn not only the fundamental principles of
Collection
2016 ERC
Authors
Douglas Friedman
Safe Science: Promoting a Culture of Safety in WATERAcademic Chemical SCIENCE AND Research TECHNOLOGY BOARD Douglas Friedman Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology Briefing to the ASEE National Meeting of Engineering Research Deans BOARD ON CHEMICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY March 9, 2016 The Task at Hand• Examine laboratory safety in chemical research in non- industrial settings.• Compare practices and attitudes in these settings with knowledge about promoting safe practices from the
Conference Session
Electrical and Computer Engineering Division (ECE) Poster Session
Collection
2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Andrew J. Ash, Oklahoma State University; Jennifer Dawn Cribbs, Oklahoma State University; John Hu, Oklahoma State University
Tagged Divisions
Electrical and Computer Engineering Division (ECE)
Paper ID #42983Board 94: Work in Progress: Development of Lab-Based Assessment Tools toGauge Undergraduates’ Circuit Debugging Skills and PerformanceAndrew J. Ash, Oklahoma State University Andrew J. Ash is a PhD student in Electrical Engineering in the school of Electrical and Computer Engineering at OSU and he is a research assistant in Dr. John Hu’s Analog VLSI Laboratory. He received his B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Oklahoma Christian University. Andrew’s research interests include hardware security of data converters and engineering curriculum development.Dr. Jennifer Dawn Cribbs, Oklahoma State University
Conference Session
Int. Engineering Education: Developments, Innovations, and Implementations
Collection
2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Yue-min Zhao, China University of Mining and Technology
Tagged Divisions
International
, methods of coal preparation experimental research, design and management ofcoal preparation plant, mechanism of mineral processing. And a teaching group withhigh-level teaching faculty gradually forms by the teaching reform and specialty constructionof discipline of mineral processing engineering, so as to perfects the course development ofother disciplines, and improves qualities of teaching faculty. The faculty, laboratory andscientific research conditions of the discipline are introduced, and the personnel trainingscheme of the subject, and the courses system are also discussed in the paper. Recently, thediscipline of CUMT focuses on the practice of innovation teaching of the college students andconstruction of engineering application