Conference Session

Research Informing Teaching Practice I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

George D. Ricco, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Noah Salzman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Russell Andrew Long, Purdue University; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

such time variant models, colloquiallyreferred to as growth curve models by HLM researchers, Morrell et al.’s research provides anexample of avoiding such a quagmire. 29 By investigating in both a visual and statistical manner,Morrell et al. demonstrate the importance of considering how HLM time measurements areimplemented. Specifically, they compare a growth curve model based on the first age of patients,and then introduce a “follow-up” patient time variable, leading to significantly different results.Their conclusion notes that implementing another time variable allowed them to compare andcontrast a true, longitudinal model with a more cross-sectional one. Whereas Morrell et al.’s work warns us of the folly inherit to considering a

Conference Session

K-12 Teachers: PD, Implementation, and Beyond

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yan Sun, Purdue University; Nikki Boots, Purdue University; Johannes Strobel, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Conference Session

Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tomas Estrada, Elizabethtown College; Sara A. Atwood, Elizabethtown College

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

effectiveness of the approaches to mitigating ofstudent frustration level that we suggest here. Furthermore, if these approaches are indeedsuccessful in mitigating frustration, it would also be of interest to determine whether, in turn, thelower levels of frustration do indeed result in higher student performance.References1. M. Sundberg and G. Moncada, Creating Effective Investigative Laboratories for Undergraduates, BioScience,Vol. 44, No. 10 (1994), pp. 698-704.2. L.D. Feisel and A.J. Rosa, The Role of the Laboratory in Undergraduate Enginering Education, Journal ofEngineering Education, Vol. 94, No. 1. (2005), pp. 121-130.3. S. McQuiggan, S. Lee, and J. Lester, Early Prediction of Student Frustration, ACII Proceedings of the 2ndinternational

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence E. Whitman, Wichita State University; Karen V. Reynolds, Wichita State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Page 25.683.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012   Great Expectations: Engineering Kansas ScholarsAbstractThe GEEKS Program (Great Expectations: Engineering Kansas Scholars) is a National ScienceFoundation (NSF) Scholarships for STEM students (S-STEM) project that awards scholarshipsof $5,000 per year for 2 years to academically talented low-income, full-time students (in threeseparate cohorts) to obtain degrees in engineering at Wichita State University (WSU). Therecruitment efforts specifically target low-income students in three populations: women,minorities, and students from underserved urban schools. The objectives are: to increase thegraduation success among low-income

Conference Session

Methods, Cases, and Directions

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph C. Hartman, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy, Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering

thismaterial can be covered in a large-class setting, including how it can be examined. Our datasuggests that spreadsheets must be incorporated into quizzes and or examinations in order toassess student abilities in these areas. Thus, while our teaching has evolved to includespreadsheets, so must our examination procedures.IntroductionCapital investments require analyses by engineers with tools and insight into whether theinvestment is sound. The field of engineering economy provides these tools. In order to make asound decision, a three-phase approach to evaluate the risk of a project is necessary: 1. Identify the risk, or risks, of an investment project. 2. Analyze the identified risk(s) of the project. 3. Assess how the identified risks

Conference Session

Research in Engineering Education II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joachim Walther, University of Georgia; Nicola Wendy Sochacka, University of Georgia; Nadia N. Kellam, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

that emerges from these complex interactions it becameapparent that the „object‟ of our research interest was neither “out there” [19, p. 37] to beobserved in a materialistic sense, nor was it is it solely „in the individual‟s head‟. Rather, itextended beyond the individual, in that it was constituted through, and emerged from, the sharedlived experience ["Lebenswelt" in: 20] of groups of individuals [21]. Put another way, this meantthat the reality we were interested in investigating was socially constructed [22-24], by theparticipants and the researcher [1] in the data gathering situation. Illustration: To clarify this point, this illustration considers an example from the above-described study that is concerned with

Conference Session

Global and Cultural Issues in Construction

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daphene C. Koch Ph.D., Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Construction

scholarly work or build new projects. Students, faculty,and community partners can continue to find ways to fund projects with grants aimed at makingthese connections and continuing the solutions to solve grand challenges and problems facinghumankind. A major goal of the College of Technology and Building Construction Managementdepartment is to continue to create opportunities for synergy and collaboration and instill thesense of lifelong learning. References1. Batchelder, T. H., & Root, S. (1994). Effects of an undergraduate program to integrate academic learning andservice: cognitive, prosocial cognitive, and identify outcomes (Unpublished master's thesis). Alma College.Retrieved December 17

Conference Session

Instrumentation Applications

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lash B. Mapa, Purdue University, Calumet; Avanish Reddy Vancha, Purdue University, Calumet

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

inlet and outlet as products enter and leave the oven, surface losses from theexterior of the oven and heat absorbed by the conveyor and the product. In re-designing suchovens to minimize heat losses it is important to identify which factor/s contributes to energylosses. The process variables which have been considered as factors and taken into considerationin DOE are the design of curtains that helps to minimize heat losses at the entry and exit ports,the speed of the conveyor belt, the speed of the blower that introduces hot air into the ovenchamber and the insulation material around the oven. In this paper 2k factorial design is used toanalyze the data to identify main effects and the interaction effects of the factors that wereinvestigated

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Osakue, Texas Southern University; Xuemin Chen, Texas Southern University; Chenyu Wang, Texas Southern University; Osman Ahmed

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, Honolulu, HI, March, 2010. 3. D. Hercog, B. Gergic, S. Uran, K. Jezernik, “ A DSP-Based Remote Control Laboratory,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol.54, no.6, pp.3057 -3068, Dec. 2007. 4. S. Gallardo, F. Barrero, S.L. Toral, M. J. Duran “ eDSPlab: A remote -accessed instrumentation laboratory for digital signal processors training based on the Internet,” 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics, IECON 2006, pp. 4656-4661, 6 -10 Nov. 2006. 5. C. Olmi, B. Cao, X. Chen and G. Song, "A Unified Framework for Remote Laboratory Experiments," in Proceedings of 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Vancouver, BC, Canada, June 26 - 29, 2011. 6. C. Omli, X. Chen, and G. Song, "A

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ying Tang, Rowan University; Sachin Shetty, Tennessee State University; Xiufang Chen, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

process. Fig. 1: The introductory scene of Mystery of Traffic Lights Fig. 2: The road map is enabled in the gameProblem solving demands problem solvers to be constructively responsive, thoughtful, andengaged. The more students are aware of their constructive thinking processes, the more they cancontrol, and the better they can solve the problem. To facilitate students’ self-monitoring andself-regulating their problem-solving in the game, the What I Know-What I Want to Know-What I Have Learned (KWL) reading strategy [6] is adapted to provide students a virtualnotebook called KWS, where S stands for What I Have Solved. Through KWS, students can

Conference Session

Understanding Our Students II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammed E. Haque P.E., Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

modelProbabilistic neural networks (PNNs) was first proposed by Specht13 in the early 90’s, to fulfiltheir predominant role as classifiers. By implementing a statistical algorithm called kerneldiscriminant analysis, PNNs are capable of mapping input patterns to any number ofclassifications. The basis of the algorithm divides operations into a multilayered feed forwardneural network with four layers, (1) Input Layer, (2) Pattern Layer, (3) Summation Layer, and(4) Output Layer. Figure 1 shows a typical PNN architecture. In the model, the input layer Page 25.498.3distributes data to “neurons” in the pattern layer, and the neuron of the pattern layer computes

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehdi Shadaram, University of Texas, San Antonio; Thomas B. Morrow, University of Texas, San Antonio; C. Mauli Agrawal, University of Texas, San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Practices Conference, Austin, TX February 2009.2. M. Shadaram, T. Morrow, and M. Agrawal, “Just in Time Math Project,” First Annual Meeting National Engineering Mathematics Consortium, Austin, TX, June 2009.3. M. Shadaram, “A Repeatable and Reproducible Approach for Improving Retention and Graduation Rates of Underrepresented Minorities and Women in EE,” TETC Best Practices Conference, Dallas, TX, February 2008.4. J. M. Tenor, S. L. Yu, C. L. Waight, K. S. Zerda, and T. L. Sha, “The Relations of Ethnicity to Female Engineering Students' Educational Experiences and College and Career Plans in an Ethnically Diverse Learning Environment,” Journal of Engineering Education, October 2008.5. C. H. Conliffe, “Formula for Action: ME3=Minority

Conference Session

Technology in Mechanics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Franco Capaldi, Merrimack College

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

 Classroom Learning," Assessment in Education, vol. 5, no.  1, pp. 7‐73, 1998.  [2]   J. Kolodner, "Educational Implications of Analogy: A View from Case‐Based Reasoning," American  Psychologist, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 1‐10, 1997.  [3]   J. Dannenhoffer and J. Dannenhoffer, "Development of an on‐line system to help students  successfully solve statics problems," in American Society for Engineering Education, 2009.  [4]   DeVore, Statics Tutor, New Jersey: Prentice‐Hall, 2000.  [5]   J. Iano, Shaping Structures: Statics, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998.  [6]   ISDC, "BEST Statics," [Online]. Available: web.umr.edu/~bestmech/preview.html. [7]   E. Anderson, R. Taraban and S. Roberstson, "M‐Model: A Mental Model based Online Homework

Conference Session

ChemE Potpourri

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey R. Seay, University of Kentucky; David L. Silverstein, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

m based and d biobased liiquid fuels After A the disccussion of thhermodynam mic cycles, ann overview oof the characcteristics ofvarious fuels f is preseented, along with the pro os and cons oof their use aas transportaation fuels.Petroleumm based fuells like petrolleum diesel, gasoline andd methanol aand renewabble fuels likeebiodiesell, biobutanoll, ethanol and d Fischer-Trropsch fuels are coveredd. Following thee discussion of engines and a fuels, ann overview oof the lifecyccles of biobaasedand petrooleum based fuels are preesented, as shown s in Figgure 1, alongg with the soolar basis forrliquid

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering: Curricula and Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Timothy M. Hodges P.E., Virginia Military Institute; Elizabeth White Baker, Wake Forest University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

AC 2012-4238: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH: DOES IT PROMOTEGRADUATE EDUCATION? CREATING FUTURE GRADUATE STUDENTSIN ENGINEERINGDr. Timothy M. Hodges P.E., Virginia Military Institute Timothy M. Hodges is a professor of mechanical engineering and Charles S. Luck, Jr., ’20, Institute Professor.Dr. Elizabeth White Baker, Wake Forest University Page 25.1391.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012Undergraduate Research: Does it promote graduate education? Creatingfuture graduate students in engineering.AbstractThe Undergrad Only Colleges Mechanical Engineering Department would like to

Conference Session

Innovations in Materials Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Surendra K. Gupta, Rochester Institute of Technology; Steven John Kosciol, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Materials

, JaredDodge, Bradley Ling, and Markus Holzenkamp in conducting the torsion tests during thepreparation of this manuscript.References1. S. K. Gupta and S. Kosciol, Measuring Angle of Twist in a Torsion Experiment, Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference in Vancouver, BC (June 2011). AC 2011-77.2. Plaincode Software Solutions, Clinometer on iPhone / iPod Touch, accessed on March 8, 2012. HTML.3. STMicroelectronics, Datasheet on LIS302DL 3-axis MEMS Motion Sensor, accessed on March 8, 2012. PDF. Page 25.1416.8

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nader Rafla, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

develop and implement meaningful DSP systems. This course represents a goodexample for integrating the knowledge gained in two major areas of electrical engineering,digital signal processing and digital hardware design.References [1] S L Wood and S C Kemnitzer, “First Year DSP Education in the Context of ECE Curriculum Reform,” in Proc. IEEE 13th DSP and 5th SPE Workshop, Marco Island, FL, 4-7 Jan 2009, pp. 425 - 429. [2] “MATLAB/SIMULINK” version 7. (R2008b). Natick, Massachusetts, The MathWorks Inc., 2008. [3] “ISE Design Suite and System Generator,” Version 11.1, Xilinx Inc., 2009. [4] “QuestaSim Reference Manual,” Version 6.3C, Mentor Graphics Corporation, 2009. [5] Keshab K. Parhi, “VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems

Conference Session

Technology in Mechanics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sean Moseley, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Shannon M. Sexton, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

investigationsare planned to determine if the audio commentary (as compared to written parentheticalcomments) adds significantly to the student benefit. Finally, detailed studies of the extra timerequired to develop annotated video solutions are planned to help understand the cost/benefitratio of developing this resource for students. Page 25.1491.7References[1] Steif, P. S., and Dantzler, J. A. (2005). “A Statics Concept Inventory: Development and Psychometric Analysis.” Journal of Engineering Education 94 (4): 363-71.[2] Steif, P. S., and Hansen, M. (2006). “Comparisons Between Performances in a Statics Concept Inventory and Course

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yogendra M. Panta, Youngstown State University; Hyun W. Kim, Youngstown State University; Param C Adhikari, Youngstown State University; Sanket Aryal, Youngstown State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

, (V)Action/Solution:Above equations (V) and (II) are used to calculate the outlet velocity and the volumetric flowrate. Following Table 2 shows the results and the comparative study of analytical vs. CFDsimulations for velocity and flow rate.Table 2 Comparative Results: Analytical vs. CFD for fluid flow in nozzle 2D Comparative results Simulation simulation Nozzle Dia. Volumetric Flow Outlet Velocity (m/s) % Error Model D = 75 mm (m3/s) d = 25 mm Pressure

Conference Session

Software Engineering Curricula

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

A. Frank Ackerman, Montana Tech of the University of Montana; Sushil Acharya, Robert Morris University

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

advance data mining tools for performance improve- ment. With i2 Technologies, he worked on i2’s Data Mining product ”Knowledge Discover Framework” and at CEERD (Thailand), he was the Product Manager of three energy software products (MEDEE- S/ENV, EFOM/ENV and DBA-VOID), which are in use in 26 Asian and seven European countries by both governmental and non-governmental organizations. Acharya has a M.Eng. in computer technology and a D.Eng. in computer science and information management with a concentration in knowledge dis- covery, both from the Asian Institute of Technology in Thailand. His teaching involvement and research interests are in the areas of software engineering and development (verification and

Collection

2012 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Bijaya Shrestha

Learning by engagement and empowerment - a pragmatic approach to enhance student engagement in a service course and developing relevance of such a course to their own majorsBijaya Shrestha, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Missouri S&TAbstractNew pedagogical approaches are developed and implemented in a service course in orderto enhance the engagement of students in the learning process. Service courses are oftenperceived to be non-relevant and lame by majority of engineering students. The newapproaches bring a climate where students are provided with opportunities to take chargeand explore. The idea behind the new approach is built around a good mix of technologywith old tools of the trade so as to

Collection

2012 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Muhammad Faysal Islam; Mohammed Nazrul Islam

Conference.[10] Nokes, S., & Kelly, S. (2007). The definitive guide to project management: the fast track to getting the job done on time and on budget: Pearson Education. Prentice Hall Financial Times.[11] Project Management, I. (2004). A guide to the project management body of knowledge : (PMBOK guide). Newtown Square, PA :: Project Management Institute, Inc.[12] Sage, A. P., & Rouse, W. B. (2009). Handbook of Systems Engineering and Management: John Wiley & Sons.[13] Wysocki, R. K. (2010). Effective Project Management: Traditional, Adaptive, Extreme: John Wiley & Sons.

Collection

2012 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Muhammad Faysal Islam; Mohammed Nazrul Islam

Conference.[10] Nokes, S., & Kelly, S. (2007). The definitive guide to project management: the fast track to getting the job done on time and on budget: Pearson Education. Prentice Hall Financial Times.[11] Project Management, I. (2004). A guide to the project management body of knowledge : (PMBOK guide). Newtown Square, PA :: Project Management Institute, Inc.[12] Sage, A. P., & Rouse, W. B. (2009). Handbook of Systems Engineering and Management: John Wiley & Sons.[13] Wysocki, R. K. (2010). Effective Project Management: Traditional, Adaptive, Extreme: John Wiley & Sons.

Conference Session

FPD IV: Innovative Curriculum Elements of Successful First-year Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robin A.M. Hensel Ed.D., West Virginia University; Ordel Brown Ph.D., West Virginia University; Mary L. Strife, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Program with ABET Driven Assessment”, Proceedings of the 2010 American Society forEngineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition.6. Peercy, P. and Cramer, S. (2011). Redefining Quality in Engineering Education Through Hybrid Instruction,Journal of Engineering Education 100(4): 625-629.7. Johnson, C. (2008). “The Evolution of Professional Associations, Engineering and Information Literacy”,Proceedings of the 2008 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition.8. Parker, A. (2011). “ The Value of Direct Engagement in a Classroom and a Faculty: The Liaison Librarian Modelto Integrate Information Literacy”, Proceedings of the 2010 American Society for Engineering Education AnnualConference & Exposition.9

Conference Session

Innovative Uses of Technology and Techniques for Laboratory Exercises

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David R. Veazie, Southern Polytechnic State University; Daniel Edward Ephraim

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Back Iron Figure 1. Heavy Rotor Schematic using NdFeB permanent magnet material laminated in the Silicon Hub with electro-deposited Ni80-Fe20.Electrodeposition of Permalloy Ni80Fe20Electrodeposition is the process used in electroplating, whereas electroplating is the process ofusing electrical current to reduce metal cations—an atom or group of atoms carrying a positivecharge—in a solution and coat a conductive object with a thin layer of metal2. The primaryapplication of electroplating is to deposit layer(s) of a metal having some desired property(example, abrasion and wear resistance, corrosion protection, lubricity, improvement of aestheticqualities, magnetic, etc.) onto a surface lacking that property. Also

Conference Session

Developing Young MINDS in Engineering, Part II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruba Alkhasawneh, Virginia Commonwealth University; Rosalyn Hobson Hargraves, Virginia Commonwealth University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

activities which are designed to improve student learning outcomes.Dr. Rosalyn S. Hobson, Virginia Commonwealth University Page 25.711.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Identifying significant features that impact URM students academic success and retention upmost using qualitative methodologies: focus groupsAbstract:The purpose of this research is to develop a hybrid framework to model first year studentacademic success and retention for Under Represented Minorities (URM) comprisingAfrican Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans. This model was

Conference Session

Capstone and Design Projects in Engineering Technology

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bimal P. Nepal, Texas A&M University; Ismail Capar, Texas A&M University; Barry Lawrence, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Students were also expected to reviewthe best practice literature associated with their group assigned area of study and any relevant(animal health distribution related) industry specific information to support their analysis. Duringthe residency week, they follow the schedule of activities shown above in Exhibit 1.On day 1 (Monday), students along with the instructor(s), will travel to visit the companyfacility. The objective of this visit is to understand the current business process and refine theirproblem statement. The typical sequence of events on Monday is as follows: a) students arrive atthe company premises and are guided to the conference room by company associates; b) the topexecutive(s) of the company will give a brief presentation on

Conference Session

Expanding Access and Opportunities for M/30

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea L. Welker PE, Villanova University; Leslie Ann McCarthy P.E., Villanova University; John Komlos, Villanova University; Alfred Andrew Fry

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

. Assessment of Final Term Paper in GLY 2805 Geology for Engineers Outcome(s) 2009 2011Number of students 61 5318: Develop a thesis statement and formulate questions based on the information 4.8 4.8needed12: Define or modify the information need to achieve a manageable focus 4.8 4.74: Read text, select main ideas, and restate textual concepts in their own words 4.5 4.59: Demonstrate an understanding of intellectual property, copyright, and fair use ofcopyrighted material8: Communicate clearly and with a style that supports the purposes of the intended

Conference Session

Creative and Cross-disciplinary Methods Part I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine Hennessey Wikoff, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Michael Hoge Carriere, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Page 25.798.9discipline. Below are key points for student learning in any course that integratesentrepreneurship and innovation into the subject material. Like Steve Jobs and StevenChu, students should be encouraged to do the following: 1. Cast a wide net. Keep up with what is happening in your field and in the world generally. 2. Actively seek out problems to solve or areas opportunity where you would be the first person to do the particular type of work you are doing. Even freshman students can find something new to add to a conversation. 3. Figure out who has been talking about this problem or working in a similar area. 4. Get up to speed on the conversation of the field(s) regarding this topic so far. 5. Do

Conference Session

Research Informing Teaching Practice II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sensen Li, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Sean P. Brophy, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

State School Officers). Washington, DC: Council of Chief State School Officers.[4] Sadler, D. R. (1998). Formative assessment: revisiting the territory. Assessment in Education, 5(1), 77–84.[5] Brophy, S. P., Klein, S., Portsmore, M., & Rogers, C. (2008). Advancing engineering education in the P-12classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education 97(3), 369–387.[6] Roselli, R. J., & Brophy, S. P. (2006). Experiences with formative assessment in engineering classrooms.Journal of Engineering Education, 95(4), 325-333.[7] Biesta, G .(2004). Mind the gap! Communication and the educational relation. In Bingham, C., & Sidorkin,A .eds. No Education without relation. New York: Peter Lang.[8]Mazur, E. (1997). Peer Instruction: A user's manual