Conference Session

Teaching Analog and Digital Communication: Novel Ideas for Lecture Courses, Laboratories, and Projects

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce E. Dunne, Grand Valley State University; Codie Wilson, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

enrolled ECEstudents are engaging in projects which often include wireless communicationsubsystems.To meet this need, the course Wireless Communications Systems was developed anddelivered. This course is intended to help ensure our students’ competency in theemerging wireless communications field for now and into the future. The courseconcentrates on wireless physical layer communication and builds off of a traditionalcourse in communications. Laboratories and projects are a fundamental component of thecourse.In this paper, we present an overview of the course topics and describe the areas covered.We also discuss what was left out due to time and complexity considerations. We furtherdescribe the laboratory experiments and how they integrate with

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Technical Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cynthia C. Pendley, Georgia Institute of Technology; Joseph Homer Saleh, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

can empowerstudents to later advocate for safety considerations, especially when unlegislated, in theirorganization’s behavior and decision-making.3.2 Process-centric arguments: multidisciplinary awareness, collaboration, and safetycultureWhy teach engineering students about accident causation and system safety? Beyond theargument of the usefulness of specific lessons learned and technical content noted in the previoussubsection, teaching this subject can make an important process-centric contribution by “equip[ping] graduates with a broader perspective on their disciplines, in order to be able to look beyond the technical issues and integrate multidisciplinary safety considerations into their decision-making [later in their

Conference Session

FPD IV: Improving Student Success: Mentoring, Intervening, and Supplementing

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig J. Scott, Morgan State University; Yacob Astatke, Morgan State University; Jumoke 'Kemi Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University; Carl White, Morgan State University; Myra W. Curtis, Morgan State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Dr. Yacob Astatke completed both his Doctor of Engineering and B.S.E.E. degrees from Morgan State University (MSU) and his M.S.E.E. from Johns Hopkins University. He has been a full time faculty member in the Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) department at MSU since August 1994 and currently serves as the Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies. He teaches courses in both analog and digital electronic circuit design and instrumentation. Dr. Astatke has more than 15 years experience in the development and delivery of synchronous and asynchronous web-based course supplements for electrical engineering courses.Jumoke ’Kemi Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University DR. JUMOKE LADEJI-OSIAS is an Associate

Conference Session

Int. Engineering Education: Developments, Innovations, and Implementations

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sebastian M. Pfotenhauer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Joshua Jacobs, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Julio A. Pertuze, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Daniel T. Roos P.E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Dava J. Newman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

International

-week lab rotations all over Portugal. This mobilitygives students access to the best teachers in the country, helps them build critical researchnetworks among otherwise rather isolated groups and department, and contributes to theformation of knowledge integration communities 18. One highlight of the curriculum is the „Bio-Innovation Teams‟ course, which is an adaptation of the popular „i-teams‟ at MIT 33. In thisclass, students assess the market potential and develop business plans for emerging technologiesin cooperation with companies. A recent study by Dori and Silva evaluated the learningoutcomes of the MPP modular course structure, concluding that it has raised student learningcompared to regular term structure, and has been instrumental

Conference Session

Student Learning and Assessment II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anca L. Sala, Baker College; Raghu Echempati, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

AC 2011-2215: PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF UNDERGRADUATEVIBRATIONS COURSEAnca L. Sala, Baker College Anca L. Sala, Associate Professor, is Chair of the Engineering Department at Baker College. Dr. Sala coordinates several engineering and technology programs, teaches and develops engineering curriculum, and leads the ABET accreditation activities in the department. She is an active member of ASEE, ASME, and OSA.Raghu Echempati, Kettering University Raghu Echempati is a professor of Mechanical Engineering with over 25 years of teaching, research and consulting experiences in Design and Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes. He has published several educational and research papers at ASEE, ASME and other

Conference Session

Status of CE Education: Today & Tomorrow

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen J. Ressler, U.S. Military Academy; Daniel R. Lynch, Dartmouth College

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

outcomes beyond the eleven Criterion 3 outcomes demonstrated that the BOK cannot beadequately addressed in a traditional four-year baccalaureate degree program—a conclusionsubsequently affirmed by a comprehensive curriculum analysis.6The BOK1 report defined three levels of achievement, using the terms recognition,understanding, and ability to reflect a progression of learning. These specific terms wouldeventually be superseded by a more broadly accepted taxonomy (described below); however, theconcept of levels of achievement has persisted as an integral element of the conceptualframework used to define the Civil Engineering BOK.In October 2004, the ASCE Board reinforced the importance of the BOK by modifying thewording of Policy Statement 465 as

Collection

2011 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

student led k-12 outreach  David Lanning, et al., An Aerospace Engineering Summer Camp for High School 272 Students Computers in Engineering  Wayne Pilkington, Student Usage and Assessments of the Benefits of On-Line 282 Access to Lecture Recordings With Synchronized Presentation Slides  Bruno Osorno, et al., Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Classroom 291 Applications  Kiran George, Cost-Effective Integration of USB-Tablet Model into Engineering 305 Courses  A Vollstedt, et al., A Method for Adjusting Group-Based Grades 311 Pacific Southwest Regional ASEE Conference

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-College Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irina Igel, Polytechnic Insititute of New York University; Ronald Leonel Poveda, Polytechnic Institute of New York University; Vikram Kapila, Polytechnic Institute of New York University; Magued G. Iskander, Polytechnic Institute of New York University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

classroom of aCentral Brooklyn middle school were introduced to the experimental setup. The activity wasintended to preview the usefulness and application of π prior to its formal introduction in theclassroom. As part of the curriculum, the students were expected to learn the properties of π andits application in geometrical formulae such as area and circumference of the circle. Figure 5provides a sample datasheet that was completed by a student who participated in the activity.Figure 6 summarizes students’ responses to pre- and post-surveys questions related to lessoncontent, usefulness of robotics as an educational tool, and applications of math in everyday life.The results of Figure 6 were obtained by evaluating students’ responses based on the

Collection

2011 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Cristian Craciun

Teaching Automation Using Real PLC’S and Virtual Factories Faculty Paper Innovations In Engineering & Engineering Technology Education and Curriculum Development Cristian Craciun, Instructor and Lab Engineer of Engineering Laboratories Fairfield University Fairfield, Connecticut1. Abstract It is a need to teach students in Engineering by showing the machines and tools used in industry, this can be accomplished by buying equipments and putting them in the labs, through field trips or creating virtual factories. The

Conference Session

Aerospace Teaching and Learning II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan M. Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology; Marilyn Smith, Georgia Institute of Technology; Brian German, Georgia Institute of Technology; Dolores S. Krausche, Florida Center for Engineering Education; Erian A. Armanios, University of Texas, Arlington

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

in Florida and Chile. Her collaborations with the faculty of the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Florida led to an appointment as the Administrator for Undergraduate Programs in 1990. There she served on numerous department, college, and university-wide curriculum committees, including the University Senate, while also participating as co-principal investigator to develop and implement programs in process engineering for the National Science Foundation’s SUCCEED Coalition. In the last several years, she established the Florida Center for Engineering Education, a consulting group dedicated to support curricular development, program assessment for accreditation and

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Technical Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruth E. Anderson, University of Washington; Beth Kolko, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. 9. Oblinger, D. and Oblinger, J. “Educating the Net Generation.” Boulder, CO: Educause, 2005. 10. Skokan, C. and Gosink, J. “Gender Participation in Humanitarian vs. Traditional Multidisciplinary Senior Design Projects,” Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. 11. Anderson, R., Anderson, R., Borriello, G., and Pal, J., “An Approach to Integrating ICTD Projects into an Undergraduate Curriculum,” SIGCSE 2010. 12. Brewer, E. et al., “The Case for Technology in Developing Regions,” IEEE Computer, 38(6), June 2005, pp. 25-38. 13. Dias, M. and Brewer, E., “How Computer Science Serves

Conference Session

International Experience, Effective Instruction, and Student Exchange Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth M. Tront, Virginia Tech; Joseph G. Tront, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

International

communication technology. Due todiversity and cultural differences, the leadership style that works in one country may fail inanother. Global leadership, while desired, is more difficult to execute by an individual and issubsequently challenging to teach, especially in the classroom. Thus if there is any chance ofsucceeding in imparting the necessary skills in individuals, it must be done in the field, i.e., whileimmersed in a different culture, language, etc. Our scheme then, is to perform generalizedleadership training experiences and studies in a classroom environment and then provideopportunities to implement what is learned in the classroom in the immersion situation. This ismuch like the typical engineering curriculum where students first learn

Conference Session

ELOS Best Paper Nominations

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Huettel, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

projects.Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from The MathWorks and The Lord Foundation of NorthCarolina.Bibliography1. Educating the Engineer of 2020. Washington DC: National Academies Press, 2005, National Academy of Engineering.2. L. J. Shuman et al., “The future of engineering education,” in Proc. 32nd Annu. Frontiers in Education Conf., Boston, MA, Nov. 2002, vol. 1, pp. T4A-1–T4A-15.3. B. Olds and R. Miller, “The effect of a first-year integrated engineering curriculum on graduation rates and student satisfaction: A longitudinal study,” J. Eng. Educ., pp. 23–36, Jan. 2004.4. J. H. McLellan et al., “Using multimedia to teach the theory of digital multimedia signals,” IEEE Trans. Educ., vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 336–341, Aug

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Radian Belu

, financial or administrative constraints. Engineering education moves into the twentyfirst century charged with an environmental agenda due to response to wider changes in thesociety. Educators are regularly modifying curriculum content to embrace technological changesin the learning outcomes. In modern world where everything changes at an extremely fast pacekeeping up to date with technology is not only desirable but necessary. The renewable energy ishighly interdisciplinary and crosses over between a numbers ofresearch areas, making it quitedifficult to be covered in a single course.However, the renewable energy technologies havestrong potential for hands-on multi-disciplinary project-based learning. In particular, projectswithin sustainable

Conference Session

Female Faculty, Learning, NSF, and ABET Issues at Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dan G. Dimitriu, San Antonio College; Jerry O'Connor, San Antonio College

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

Chairperson for Physics, Engineering, & Architecture at San Antonio College, and has been involved in numerous initiatives to integrate the findings of physics and engineering education research with education practice. Page 22.99.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 A Service Learning Project for a Freshman Engineering CourseAbstractService learning has been repeatedly shown to be a highly effective teaching tactic in highereducation. Nevertheless, Engineering classes have been slower than other disciplines toadopt it successfully. This paper presents in detail an account of

Conference Session

IE Technical Session II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Phillip R. Rosenkrantz, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

project preparation course, and a capstone course in quality. The results also havemajor implications for lifelong learning for engineers and are compatible with the teachings ofothers such as Taylor, Deming, Senge, and a study by Ernst & Young.The objectives of this paper are to:1. Share executive survey results and findings2. Demonstrate that the spectrum of leadership can be modeled by Hayes’ ―Six Stages of Quality System Implementation‖ and parallel versions of it3. Demonstrate how the Six Stages of Quality System Implementation were used to redesign courses in the industrial and manufacturing engineering curriculum to strategically integrate lean, six sigma, statistical quality control, and quality tools.4. Show that there is

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Interdisciplinary Course Design Opportunities for Chemical Engineers

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Kelly, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

global market. The analysis from thegroups was to be grounded in accepted theory and methodology, and integrate the readings andcases for the course in the context of the actions of a specific firm. The analyses was to includerigorous recommendations that included a thorough assessment of technical, businesschallenges, regulatory hurdles and competition from other similar products. The first or “mid-semester” group project that was handed out focused on manufacturing abroad (i.e. science andengineering issues), and the second or “final” group project (below) focused on globalmarketing strategies (i.e. business issues). The final project description is shown below: You are an internal consulting group for a major pharmaceutical company

Conference Session

Student Entrepreneurial Skills and Mindset I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erik Sander, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

challenges in transitioning to the world ofinnovation champions (entrepreneurs and “intrapreneurs”) such as: An engineering education is typically focused on technical depth rather than breadth in fields such as business practice, accounting and finance, operations management, etc. Additionally, the historical engineering curriculum has not included a substantial component of “soft skills” such as ethics, persuasive communications, written and oral presentations, team building, crisis management, and the other skills necessary to succeed as an entrepreneur, the value of which have been recognized by ABET and other organizations.iv, v An engineering education typically does not provide sufficient opportunity to lead teams

Conference Session

Design and Graphics Potpourri

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Patrick Hewerdine; James M. Leake, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; W Brent Hall, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

AC 2011-2120: LINKING CAD AND METROLOGY TO EXPLAIN, DEMON-STRATE, AND TEACH GD&TMr. Kyle Patrick HewerdineJames M Leake, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign James M. Leake joined the Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems (formerly General) Engineer- ing in August 1999. His educational background includes an MS in Mechanical Engineering (1993) from the University of Washington, a BS in Ocean Engineering (1980) from Florida Atlantic University, and a BA in Art History (1974) from Indiana University. His current research interests include engineering education, integration of CAD/CAE software in the engineering curriculum, building information mod- eling, spatial visualization, and reverse

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marilyn Barger, Hillsborough Community College; Richard Gilbert, University of South Florida; Marie A. Boyette, FLATE

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

-5) engineering curriculum that has been completely imbedded into all grade levels at DL Jamerson Elementary, an 800 student public school in St. Petersburg, Florida. He is also the co-author of several ASEE Conference Proceeding papers.Marie A. Boyette, FLATE Marie Boyette is the Associate Director of FLATE at Hillsborough Community College. Her B.A. in Communication, M.A. in Adult Education, and Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction, Adult Educa- tion/Measurement and Research are from the University of South Florida. Her research interests are in STEM curriculum development and student outcomes as well as in career and technical education and training

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Hossein Rahemi; Shouling He

of the Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions (LACCEI). In LACCEI 2010, our students were selected as the recipients of 2 nd and 3rd place achievements award of the LACCEI poster competition.Internship programs and industry involvementInternship program is a key part of an engineering curriculum to prepare students for the workplace. Forpast several years, our students were involved with both summer and during-year internship programswith top engineering companies such as Sikorsky, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Lockheed Martin,RCM-Tech, Rockwell Collins, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and MTA. In summer 2011, twoof our Mechatronics Engineering students participated in a NASA internship program at

Conference Session

Open-Ended Problems and Student Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen M. Bursic, University of Pittsburgh; Larry J. Shuman, University of Pittsburgh; Mary Besterfield-Sacre, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

ABET assessment purposes. Specifically, we consider the question:To what degree can MEAs and E-MEAs impact the professional skills? Page 22.836.3MethodologyWe have conducted a series of experiments in the industrial engineering curriculum at a largepublic university. First, in the fall of 2009, two sections of an introductory EngineeringEconomy course were taught by the same instructor. The instructor incorporated three E-MEAsthroughout the semester in one section that consisted primarily of industrial engineering studentsand had a total enrollment of 49 students (experimental group). The second section consistedprimarily of civil engineering

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas A. Litzinger, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Sarah E. Zappe, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Maura J. Borrego, Virginia Tech; Jefferey E. Froyd, Texas A&M University; Wendy Newstetter, Georgia Institute of Technology; Karen L. Tonso, Wayne State University; Peggy Noel Van Meter, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

University Jeffrey E. Froyd is the Director of Faculty Climate and Development at Texas A&M University. He served as Project Director for the Foundation Coalition, an NSF Engineering Education Coalition in which six institutions systematically renewed, assessed, and institutionalized their undergraduate engineering curricula, and extensively shared their results with the engineering education community. He co-created the Integrated, First-Year Curriculum in Science, Engineering and Mathematics at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, which was recognized in 1997 with a Hesburgh Award Certificate of Excellence. He has authored or co-authored over 70 papers on engineering education in areas ranging from curricular change

Conference Session

Information Literacy: Theory and Practice

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mysore Narayanan, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

multiples modes of delivery techniques. Such a method has been suggested by Fleming and Mills. Lectures, Reading, Writing, Visual Aids, Tactile and Kinesthetic modes of delivery help to reach students with diverse learning skills.DECIDE: Finally, there should be an assessment of the course, the curriculum, the learning environment, the student body, and the instructor. It is important to conduct separate assessment of all the above-mentioned five. Once the five sets of data are in placed in their appropriate context, one can judge the impact of problem based learning on the learning environment itself.Source: Narayanan, Mysore. (2010

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Laboratories

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nael Barakat, Grand Valley State University; Lihong (Heidi) Jiao, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

enrolled in this course during itsfirst offering. Objectives of the course and lab were developed previous to the offering andoutcomes were assessed during and after the offering. In particular, the lab part was distinctlyassessed and the results were evaluated. This resulted in action items and conclusions whichhave already been integrated in the next offering for continuous improvement. The next offeringis planned to take place during the spring of 2011.KeywordsNanotechnology education, Nanotechnology lab, Nanotechnology courseIntroductionThe products and outcomes of Nanotechnology research and developments have beenexponentially expanding for the last decade. This expansion is expected to continue in the nextdecade as well, resulting in an

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tirupalavanam G. Ganesh, Arizona State University; Johnny Thieken, Arizona State University; Lisa Stapley Randall, Arizona State University; Alison W. Smith, SRP

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

designed learning supports for traditionally underserved students, these learners arenoted to have performed at high achievement levels.5 A multi-disciplinary team of contentexperts and public and private collaborators must approach the curriculum implied in thischallenge. Such a program must also include the potential to engage parents, educators, andrelevant community members in authenticating students’ experiences. Informal learning settingsoutside the framework of schooling offer the potential to stimulate interest, initiative,experimentation, discovery, play, imagination, and innovation in learners.6,7 Engaging learners inactivities where they test ideas and concepts, apply them to a new situation, and integrate thenew knowledge with pre

Conference Session

Comparing Different Aspects of the Cooperative Education Experience

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig J. Gunn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

different atmosphere is critical. No longer is this the normal, learn material and repeat that material; this is discovery of material that has not been seen before and the importance of conveying the findings to an audience that is not looking for regurgitated material but material that is fresh and new. The preparation for this activity has taken four years. During the student’s undergraduate years, communication activities have been an integral part of the engineering curriculum. As is shown in Table 1, the student has been provided with multiple opportunities to investigate and practice his/her communication skills within all of the required mechanical engineering courses and many of the elective courses. By the time the student takes the

Collection

2011 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Amelito Enriquez; Catherine Lipe; Tom Nguyen

active MESA students are engineering majors, and many of themare also heavily involved in campus student organizations. Additionally, the EngineeringDepartment has recently been awarded federal grant funds aimed at strengthening its programs.This includes a Minority Science and Engineering Improvement Program (MSEIP) grant fromthe US Department of Education, an Innovations in Engineering Education, Curriculum, andInfrastructure ( IEECI) grant from NSF, and a Curriculum Improvement ImprovementsPartnership Award for the Integration of Research (CIPAIR) grant. The Cañada College NSF S- Proceedings of the 2011 PSW American Society for Engineering Education Zone IV Conference  Copyright © 2011, American Society for Engineering

Conference Session

Technological Literacy for Undergraduate Students

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Krupczak, Hope College; Lauren Aprill

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

they are likely to encounter in advanced course work in a specificengineering discipline. Achievement of either of these goals would require appropriatecurriculum materials and learning activities. Some of the curriculum materials used in currentexisting introduction to engineering courses may require modification to better meet thetechnological literacy goal of a broad understanding of a wide range of technology.An additional consideration regarding introduction to engineering courses lies in acknowledgingthat not all students enrolled in an introduction to engineering course will persist to completionof an engineering major. Setting aside the issue of why these students leave engineering, it isreasonable to suggest that introduction to

Conference Session

Open-Ended Problems and Student Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elliot P. Douglas, University of Florida; Mirka Koro-Ljungberg, University of Florida ; Zaria T. Malcolm, University of Florida; Nathan McNeill, University of Florida, Gainesville; David J. Therriault, University of Florida; Christine S. Lee, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

of problem- solving skills they will need later in their program or in practice. They do not lead to the habits of mind that, whether the students become engineers or not, are such valuable contributors to work and citizenship. (p. 48) Engineering educators have recognized the importance of developing open-endedproblem solving skills and efforts to integrate open-ended problem solving experiences acrossthe engineering curriculum are not new (Incropera & Fox, 1996; Mourtos, Okamoto, & Rhee,2004; Woods et al., 1997). Woods (2000) notes that the literature is full of problem solvingstrategies, but that few have been supported by research evidence. Several studies of engineeringdesign have found that experienced