Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Niaz Latif; Mohammad Zahraee; Deborah Blades; Mont Handley

regions served. However, resources are continuously needed to foster morecomprehensive commercialization efforts by creating, developing and testing prototypes,providing assistance with patenting, discovering seed funding and assisting nascententrepreneurs with the development business skills.Between, June 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018, CMEC client demographics reflect inclusivity interms of diversity of the population in Northwest Indiana. Recently CMEC has providedservices to diverse clients as follows: Hispanic (8%); African American (15%); Asian (6%) andalso in terms of gender diversity, female (28%). Number of new prototypes developed 13 new prototypes Number of new products commercialized 9

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Paul McPherson; Margaret Phillips; Kyle Reiter

Copyright ©2019, American Society for Engineering Education Session ETD 355Relevance for Undergraduate EducationThe ABET criteria for accrediting engineering and engineering technology programs reflect theimportance of standards competence for students. Specifically, both the ABET EngineeringAccreditation Commission (EAC) and Engineering Technology Accreditation Commission(ETAC) accreditation criteria give significant consideration to the topic of standards. 2018-19EAC criterion 5d states, “students must be prepared for engineering practice through acurriculum culminating in a major design experience based on the knowledge and skills acquiredin earlier course

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Angie Price; Mathew Kuttolamadom; Suleiman Obeidat

of the welds will also beincorporated in a future study. Figure 4 Student using the VR welding system in labSurvey of students with resultsIn order to improve the welding experience this semester, faculty sent out a Qualtrics survey tostudents from previous semesters asking them to reflect on their experience with the virtualreality welding system, using a Likert scale for assessment.Before answering the first two questions, the students were requested to recall their impressionsafter using the virtual reality welding system, but before entering the welding lab to make a realweld. The first question was: “How confident were you that you could make a real weld after Proceedings of the 2019 Conference for

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Maher Shehadi

. If one thermocouple is touching the fins, then a hot spot would be seen andit can adversely affect the result. Another reason might be the equations used from literature hadlimitations over this study such as the Reynold’s number and fin dimensions.Assessment rubrics reflected students expectations from ABET learning outcomes. The capstoneassessment should be redesigned to include the other ABET outcomes such as ethics in workingenvironment and to allow better team work evaluation.References[1] Schmidt, E.D., (1926). “ie warmeuebertragung durch ripen,” Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure, 70,pp. 885–951.[2] Duffin, R.J., (1959). “A variational problem related to cooling fins,” Journal of Mathematical Mechanics, 8, pp.47–56.[3

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Maher Shehadi

measurements and the total relative uncertainty, including random,bias, and system uncertainties, ranged between ±7-17% for most cases.Assessment rubrics reflected students’ expectations from ABET learning outcomes. Thecapstone assessment should be redesigned to include the other ABET outcomes such as ethics inworking environment and to allow better team work evaluation. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration Copyright ©2019, American Society for Engineering Education Session ETD 545References[1] Mafiz, H., Huq, A. M. A., and Rahman, M. M., (1996). “An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer

Collection

2018 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Timothy Urban; Margaret Baguio

creativity,Iammotivatedtopursueengineering.• A program emphasis should be on team-building activities A video assessment was assembled by a former intern about the• Field investigations can be program highlights 2017 program: https://youtu.be/w_qkyaTK6FM• Let students jump right in to the research and they will Year-end evaluation results show that SEES is on track to flourish. achieving its stated objectives for:4.3.3 Evidence of Impacts • Increasing students’ knowledge; Before each program year, self-reflection from the • Promoting students’ pursuit of STEM careers; andmajority of student

Collection

2018 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Chaoyi Wang; Michael Frye; Sreerenjini Nair

school students have abilitiesstudents can interact creatively with others and reflect on to get logic reasoning and hypothesize about something thattheir learning rather than being lectured by teachers. they haven’t learned specifically.20 Middle school students’ Participants in the miniGEMS construct their learning starts with the whole concepts rather than concreteexperiences and knowledge through meaningful problem- forms. In this period, sciences teaching should focus on thebased and hands-on activities. Learning starts with the significance of research and discovery rather thanstudents’ desire and continues in an active interaction memorization and repetition.21environment. Teachers

Collection

2018 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Steve E. Watkins; Nancy M. Ostin

reflected in the following quotes: and significant activities of our Eta Kappa Nu chapter. “HKN was the first organization I joined where the Their contributions absolutely impact every ECE student.focus was not on what we could get out of membership, but It is an important element of ECE student experience aton what we could give. Those opportunities to serve turned Georgia Tech. I am happy to add a strong Dean-levelinto opportunities to learn and demonstrate leadership, endorsement of their activities, They represent a model forwhich were instrumental to finding and succeeding at my other honor societies in the College of Engineering and onfirst job

Collection

2018 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Kenneth Van Treuren

to modify thisturbine engines from a design perspective. This past fall course project to reflect the company setting for the gassemester additional active learning modules were turbine engine design process.introduced to make the course more interactive. Students This course, Analysis and Design of Propulsionformed teams of four and each team was designated a Systems, is an elective for the B.S. in Mechanicalcompany. The task was to design a replacement engine for Engineering degree. Typically taught in the fall semester,the B-52H which served as the basis for learning about gas the course is for seniors who have previously takenturbine engine design. The companies picked a name

Conference Session

Track: Learning Spaces, Pedagogy, and Curriculum - Technical Session 11

Collection

2019 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity

Authors

Maxine Fontaine, Stevens Institute of Technology (School of Engineering and Science); Alexander John De Rosa, Stevens Institute of Technology (School of Engineering and Science); Susan Staffin Metz, Stevens Institute of Technology (School of Engineering and Science)

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Learning Spaces, Pedagogy & Curriculum Design

womencompleted the workshop than men. 19 out of 30 (63%) female Spatial Novices completed Workshop A,compared to 12 out of 23 (52%) male Spatial Novices. Similarly, 17 out of 30 (57%) female SpatialIntermediates completed Workshop A, compared to only 11 out of 33 (33%) male Spatial Intermediates.Upon completion of Workshop A, the overall pass rate for women jumped to 75% (from an initial passrate of 53%). The overall pass rate for men increased from 83% to 87% after the first workshop.The full progression of pass rates for both men and women over the course of the semester is outlined inFigure 4. The midterm and final test results reflect those students who elected to re-take the PSVT:R butdid not participate in the workshop. Female students who took

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Huiming Fan, East China University of Science and Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

prefect researches.References[1] X. Liu, “An analysis of some concepts about general education,” Journal of Higher Education,vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 64-68, 2006.[2] L. Chen, “ Idea and Practice: Writing Seminar in Yale University,” International andComparative Education, no. 1, pp. 32-38, 2019.[3] Y. Han, “The General Education Curriculum Reform in Chinese Universities under theBackground of Internationalization,” Journal of National Academy of Education Administration,no. 11, pp. 32-37, 2017.[4] G. Xie, “Strengthening and Promoting General Education,” China University Teaching, no.3, pp. 71-73, 2008.[5] M. Li, “Reflection on the Philosophy and the Operational System of General Education inChinese Universities: 1995-2005,” vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 86-99

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Wednesday Cornucopia (Educational Research)

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michele Yatchmeneff, University of Alaska, Anchorage; Matthew E. Calhoun, University of Alaska, Anchorage

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

presentations were designed to help students to start visualizing themselvesas engineers or improve their engineering recognition and caring. Fifth, the students were alsoasked to develop cardboard chairs for their final team project. Students work together in teamsto develop the chairs and then present their chair to the class. This project was designed to helpstudents improve their engineering performance/competence, interest, creativity, and designefficacy. Lastly, students were required to complete weekly homework assignments where theypersonally reflect on topics such as their engineering interests, study plan, and any barriers theycan foresee that might prevent them from becoming an engineer. These were designed toimprove their engineering

Conference Session

ConstDiv Technical Session 4 - Pedagogy & Accreditation I

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bashar Haddad, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

, Hartman stated the risk premiums variesbetween 9% and 19% [6].Risk premiums are incorporated in the unit rates. Hence, the bid price not only reflects the cost,overhead and profit for the contractor, but also entails risk premiums. Eventually, premiumsbecome part of the contract value regardless of whether the risk materializes or not. According toHaddad, this will lead to a higher project cost to the owner than the original estimate due toimproper risk allocation practices [7].Exculpatory clausesWhile owners use exculpatory clauses with the goal of reducing project total cost, they shouldrecognize that this may result in unnecessary extra costs in the construction contract. The researchin this field posits that these clauses may eventually

Conference Session

Issues in Mechanical Engineering Technology I

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fredrick A. Nitterright, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College; David Clippinger, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

to quality, timeliness, and continuous improvement.To facilitate this formative assessment, the program adopted the use of developmental rubrics asdescribed in works such as [4] in its Mechanical Engineering Technology (MET) programs. Sincethe program’s institution offers both two-year (Associate’s) and four-year (Bachelor’s) degreeprograms, the developmental rubrics were created in a “cascading” format to reflect the continuumof outcome development that students could expect by matriculating from the two-year programinto the four-year.The program’s outcome assessment rubrics for these two outcomes are shown here as tables 2 and3. Note how the “Developing” achievement level for the four-year (BS) degree coincides with the“meets expectations

Conference Session

Informal Engineering Education with Secondary Students

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Schetema Nealy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Erica J. Marti, University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

in a STEM outreach program, it stands to reason that STEM outreach programs canbe helpful in strengthening grit in younger female students as grit is best when developed at ayounger age [18].AcknowledgmentsOpinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of theauthor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Thismaterial is based upon work that was partly funded by the National Science Foundation undergrant number IIA1301726.References[1] Kuenzi, J. J. (2008). Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education: Background, federal policy, and legislative action. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.[2] National Academy of

Conference Session

Technical Session 4: Modulus Topics 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yamuna Rajasekhar, zyBooks; Alex Daniel Edgcomb, Zybooks; Frank Vahid, University of California, Riverside

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

randomization.Figure 2: (a) Student shown timing diagram for inputs s and r, then enters output q. (b) Student'ssubmission is incorrect; activity shows correct values for q and explains how an SR latch works.Often, the students are comfortable with how gates work due to covering combinational circuitsbefore this topic, but the introduction of a ​latch​ (or storage) is different, and takes some practicebefore the students can master the concept. The numbers in Table 2 clearly reflect this. Asshown, the first-time wrong percentage is 74% for level 1, but drops to 17% for level 2.Similarly, the gave up percentage is 3.92% for level one but reduces to 0.21% for level 2.Table 2: Metrics for both levels are shown, indicating students tended to require a few

Conference Session

Manufacturing Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nikki Larson, Western Washington University; David Frye, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

upon to add incritical areas of information such as how this is used in industry or typical production rates anddurability associated with the tooling and manufacturing methods, that were missed in thestudent presentations. Student suggestions were to amend the grading rubric for the presentationto reflect the importance of these areas so their understanding of each method would increase.Although the students appreciated the support and the use of gateways to keep their projects ontrack, they felt that four meetings were a bit excessive. They recommended that the meetings bereduced to three.The Project: Second Offering:The second offering of the course was much smaller, with only 20 students. Because of this, thenumber of tooling choices was

Conference Session

Manufacturing Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ismail Fidan, Tennessee Technological University; Melissa Geist, Tennessee Technological University; Yunbo Zhang, Rochester Institute of Technology; George Chitiyo, Tennessee Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

theimportance of customer discovery [8]. Student teams also benefited from video conferences witha number of industrial experts and consultants. Each student team presented their challengestatement and discussed possible solutions with the industrial experts. These experienced AMexperts from industry helped troubleshoot the teams’ design ideas leading to improved finalprototypes. Overall, the course was a success in terms of students’ interdisciplinary teamworkskill development and creative problem-solving using AM.This novel pedagogical approach contains several best practices. This paper will report thedevelopment and implementation steps of this original course. The evaluation results will also beprovided to reflect the pros and cons of the course

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Louis Miller, United States Military Academy; Jeffrey Michael Rigney, United States Military Academy; Daniel Arnold, Unites States Military Academy at West Point; David M. Flaherty, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

note that time survey data is inputmanually and anonymously at the beginning of every lesson. The value is input in units ofminutes, and generally reflects the preparation time for the lesson that the student is about toparticipate in.Instructors collected time survey feedback from four mechanical engineering courses thattransitioned to the new 30 lesson format over the fall (two courses) and spring (two courses)semesters of the 2019 academic year. Because the spring semester is currently on-going, datapresented from these courses only includes that pertaining to the first half, or 15 lessons. Similartime survey data for the previous ten years under the 40 lesson format was obtained. To maintaina fair comparison, only the data from the first

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education in the Formal Classroom

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cara N. Morton, Washington State University; Kira J. Carbonneau, Washington State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

small groups (60 min total). Results from the Repeated-Measures Analysis of Variance (RM-ANOVA) demonstrated that participants reported higherperceived ability to engage in scientific learning processes (d = .17) and in science learningbehaviors (d = 0.15). Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.Objective Self-efficacy is the judgement an individual makes regarding their ability to performvarious tasks and this judgement is domain and task specific (Bandura, 1977, 1982). Since theway in which people act, think, and feel, is a direct reflection of their own beliefs in theircapabilities, learners’ beliefs promote both engagement and learning (Linnenbrink & Pintrich,2003), as well as long-term achievement (Parker

Conference Session

Research, Innovation and Careers

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Megan Patberg Morin, North Carolina State University; Alireza Dayerizadeh, North Carolina State University; Kristen Booth, North Carolina State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Two-Year College

. • REU Collaboration: The REU program joined another REU program site to build unity, professional skills, and share research. The REUs were then exposed to different types of research as well as receive feedback from a different perspective. • Electronic Portfolios (e-portfolios): Students used e-portfolios to document their deliverables, experiences, and research throughout the ten weeks. The REU Program selected the Portfolium platform due to its similarity to other social media sites. Students created ten posts that focused on reflection. Posts included descriptions, teammate tagging, and the skills learned. The intention was for students to develop stronger transferable skills [3

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua Gargac, University of Mount Union; Daniel John Hampu, University of Mount Union

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

practical teaching methods to handle conflict, such asproviding “crisis clinic” sessions to brainstorm solutions to actual or potential group difficulties[15]. Additionally, a self-reflection activity could be added at the conclusion of the project. Forthis activity, students could address the need for consistent communication, identify weaknessesin their team’s communication, and create a plan for how they would fix those issues if they wereworking on a similar project in the future.References: 1. CJ Creed, EM Suuberg, and GP Crawford, “Engineering Entrepreneurship: An Example of a Paradigm Shift in Engineering Education,” Journal of Engineering Education, 2002, 91 (2), 185-195. 2. SG Bilan, EC Kisenwether, SE Rzasa, and JC Wise

Conference Session

Big Picture Questions in BME

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexis Ortiz-Rosario, Ohio State University; Amena Shermadou, Ohio State University; David A. Delaine, Ohio State University; Tanya M. Nocera Ph.D., Ohio State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

guidance thatsignificantly strengthened this work.This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1830814. Anyopinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors anddo not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References[1] C. L. McNeely and K. H. Fealing, “Moving the Needle, Raising Consciousness: The Science and Practice of Broadening Participation,” Am. Behav. Sci., vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 551–562, May 2018.[2] L. Smith-Doerr, S. N. Alegria, and T. Sacco, “How Diversity Matters in the US Science and Engineering Workforce: A Critical Review Considering Integration in Teams, Fields, and Organizational Contexts

Conference Session

A Technology Potpourri III

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mustafa Shraim, Ohio University; Neil Littell, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

6σ 0.00034% 3.4When variation is excessive in the components, it is reflected in the resulting assembly and afraction of which could be rejected. To improve performance of the process and reduce theoverall assembly variation, it is imperative to identify which components need to be tackled first.This can be achieved by calculating the contribution each component makes to the overallvariation using the variances. For example, to calculate the contribution of any of component,Equation 2 can be used: % 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑥 100% (2)Once contribution for each component is known, order of improvement can be made based onsize of contribution as well as cost of

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division: Student Empathy & Human-centered Design

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehwish Butt, University of Alberta; Alyona Sharunova, University of Alberta; Ahmed Jawad Qureshi, University of Alberta

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

[11,15]. A reflection of typical designstages from various disciplines can be seen in [3,16-23]. Many authors argue that, due to thevarying contextual nature of the products across disciplines, it is difficult to agree that thereexists a common design process. However, earlier industrial studies carried out have demonstrated that disciplinary expertsdemonstrate similar understandings of the engineering design process. A study performed byGericke and Blessing [13] reviewed 64 design process models across 9 engineering disciplinesand proposed the following set of most common transdisciplinary design stages: Establishing ANeed; Analysis of Task; Conceptual Design; Embodiment Design; Detailed Design;Implementation; Use; and Closeout. Gericke et al

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mariana Leandro Cruz, Delft University of Technology; Gillian N. Saunders-Smits, Delft University of Technology

Tagged Divisions

International

, and attitudes thatare required for learners' holistic development and for learners to become capable ofadapting to change" [2]. These competencies comprise for example communication skills,creativity, problem-solving, and reflective thinking. 1Although accreditation bodies [3] stimulate the integration of transversal competencies inengineering education curricula and higher education institutions emphasized theirincorporation into the curriculum to increase students’ employability [4], there is still a gapbetween industry requirements and graduates readiness to the labor market [5, 6].Several studies investigated the industry [7, 8] or academic perspective [9] on whichtransversal competencies

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 13: Student Learning and Contexts

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ziang Xiao, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Shiliang Zuo; Jinhao Zhao, Tsinghua University; Wai-Tat Fu, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Molly H. Goldstein, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Michael L. Philpott, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Julia Laystrom-Woodard, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Marcia Pool, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Angela Wolters, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Brian S. Woodard, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

development,” Personality and Individual Differences, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 344–351, 2010.9. C. Mclaughlin, “Emotional well-being and its relationship to schools and classrooms: a critical reflection,” British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 353– 366, 2008.10. L. Murphy and L. Thomas, “Dangers of a fixed mindset,” Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education - ITiCSE 08, 2008.11. S. A. Sorby, “Educational Research in Developing 3‐D Spatial Skills for Engineering Students,” International Journal of Science Education, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 459–480, 2009.12. S. A. Sorby, Developing spatial thinking. Houghton, MI.: Higher Education Services, 2016.13. H. Wauck

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faisal Aqlan, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College; Richard Zhao, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College; Heather C. Lum, Pennsylvania State University; Lisa Jo Elliott, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

simulation or the VR simulation, and performmetacognitive assessment of both groups. We aim to recruit ten teams of four students each toparticipate. The participants will first be asked to complete a craft production simulationindividually, in either the physical setting or in VR, and then work together in a mass productionsimulation.AcknowledgementsThis research is funded by the National Science Foundation NSF RIEF # 1830741: AdvancedModeling of Metacognitive Problem Solving and Group Effectiveness in CollaborativeEngineering Teams. Any opinions, findings, or conclusions found in this paper are those of theauthors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsor.References 1. Ammar, S.H., and Wright, R.H. (1998). Introduction to

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anastasia Marie Rynearson, Campbell University; Alison K. Polasik, Campbell University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

works well with conceptual questions but can be usedwith any type of question in a course. To implement a TPS activity well, it is important to focuson the initial “Think” stage. During this stage, students should be considering their individualresponse to a topic and writing down their answers. Adequate time should be given for studentsto consider the question and come up with a response, typically a full thirty seconds to twominutes, and silence in the room should be enforced. This allows all students to engage with thequestion and allows for reflective learners, those students who learn better when they have timeto sit and think about the content, a chance to use their preferred learning method during classtime. Students then discuss their

Conference Session

Manufacturing Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University; Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University; M. Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

artifact(the mood ring). Project 2 will be a computer-based design implementation using 3-D modelingto support online game design and programming.Outcome of the workshop will also be reflected in participant behavior and hands-on applicationof gained knowledge and skills (we will have to include evaluation plan). Participants will gainexperience in using freely available and popular software tools.The Electronic Mood RingThe original Mood Rings were popular in the 1960s and 1970s; they included a special type ofmaterial that changes color in response to heat. As body heat warmed up the ring, it wouldchange from dark to brown to yellow to green to blue. The electronic ring that girls were askedto design is similar, but it uses a temperature sensor