Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 18

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Harold Lightfoot Jr., Texas A&M University; Tracy Anne Hammond, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

exploratory mixed-methods study on implementing assignment choice as a meansof students planning a path to meet the course learning objectives 7,8 . The choices in thecurriculum will be fully integrated into Canvas, the Learning Management System, and the coursegrade calculator available to students. A customized course roadmap will be used for the studentsto visually plan their path through the assignments and to their individual path to success. Thisapproach applies to students’ own motivation, whether intrinsic or extrinsic.BackgroundOur study delves into a comprehensive analysis of data spanning from 2012 to the present day.The initial five years of our dataset revealed a persistent trend within our CS-1 courses,characterized by grade

Collection

2022 CIEC

Authors

Mohsen Azizi; Venancio Fuentes

445 Fig. 4. Solar PV installation learning system [9]. Fig. 5. Solar PV troubleshooting [9].The new course at NJIT, “Solar PV Planning and Installation” (3 credit hours, class 2 hours, lab2 hours), was developed to train students for engineering and technician jobs in solar PVtechnology, installation, commissioning, and troubleshooting. The course flow diagram isdepicted in Fig. 6. This course covers the following topics on solar PV systems: introduction torenewable energy and PV systems, solar thermal systems, solar radiation, sun path Proceedings of the 2022 Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration Copyright ©2022, American Society for

Collection

ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Daniel Fisher, The George Washington University; James P Ferguson, The George Washington University; Esha Niraj Patel, The George Washington University; Gujri Ahluwalia, The George Washington University; Joseph Anthony Barbera M.D., The George Washington University; Joost R. Santos, The George Washington University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

procedures for their injuries and illnesses. Severalother constraints may need to be considered—such as patient criticality, medical specialtyavailability at an HCF, and transportation resource availability—when pairing a patient to anHCF and to resources for safe medical transportation. A stronger, standardized methodologycould increase system efficiency and decrease system delay times, since a range of factors shouldbe considered in determining an adequate HCF, transport mode and safe transport medicalcapability. As in other types of complex decision-making, a decision support system (DSS) toolcan promote rapid but disciplined and effective decision-making for this issue.Background:The planning scenario projects that approximately 35 wounded or

Collection

2023 ASEE GSW

Authors

Nelson Fumo

Statement  Team Member Biographies  Diversity Statement Project information (up to five pages)  Background  Problem Statement  Solution  Technology-to-Market Plan  References (does not count toward five-page maximum)  Appendix (does not count toward five-page maximum)The unlimited number of pages in the Appendix becomes a key element for the holistic presentationof the project since only five pages are allowed in the project information section of the manuscript.Detailed information can be given in Appendix regarding assumptions, computations, simulations,and results. The CourseThe course in which the competition was implemented is the graduate course MENG 5318 – Heating

Collection

2024 ASEE North East Section

Authors

Jessica Dawn Ventura, Endicott College; Rob De La Espriella, Endicott College

importance of instructorsfocusing on critical thinking as a learning outcome regardless of the pedagogical approach.However, the researchers warn that the critical thinking measures instructors choose to assesscould influence the perceived effectiveness of the instruction.Endicott College’s engineering department offers one-credit courses focused on technical skilldevelopment. Teaching students technical skills, presenting approaches to issues that requirecritical thinking (such as planning or trouble-shooting), and then challenging them withopen-ended problems, gives students practice with creative and analytical thinking in a variety ofcontexts. In the Critical Thinking for Causal Analysis skills course offered Spring 2023, studentswere trained in

Collection

2024 ASEE PSW Conference

Authors

Christine E King, University of California, Irvine; Matthew Lo, University of California, Irvine; Milan Das, University of California, Irvine; Dalton Salvo, University of California, Irvine

undergraduate electivein biomedical engineering at the University of California Irvine. Students were instructed in theprinciples of identifying unmet clinical needs and subsequently applied the platform for needsfinding, culminating in the development of a proposed design plan by the end of the course [10].Throughout the course, students received instruction in a diverse range of topics encompassingteam formation, human-centered engineering, regulatory controls, intellectual propertyconsiderations, and global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic design factors. Thecurriculum also covered unmet needs evaluation, go-to-market strategy, and commercializationconcepts, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted considerations

Collection

2023 ASEE GSW

Authors

Xishuang Dong; Lijun Qian; Xiangfang Li; Pamela Obiomon; Yujian Fu P.E.; Zhigang Xiao; Shujun Yang; Nelson Barnes Jr

(PrairieView A&M University (PVAMU) and Alabama A&M University (AAMU)) propose to build onlineAI-enhanced personalized adaptive learning (PAL) tools to enhance engineering education onprogramming skills at HBCUs. To implement these tools, we plan to complete three tasks withadvanced AI techniques: 1) basic online tools that implement sharing learning materials and managingassignments, quizzes, projects, and examinations; 2) PAL path recommender via deep reinforcementlearning that recommends PAL paths to learners for maximizing engagement in learningprogramming, as well as improving corresponding learning performance by selecting items ofappropriate difficulty; 3) smart programming assistant (SPA) via deep learning-based languagemodels (LMs

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Tonia Haikal, Texas A&M University; Robert Harold Lightfoot Jr, Texas A&M University

Paper ID #44767Enhancing Education Through Thoughtful Integration of Large LanguageModels in Assigned WorkTonia Haikal, Texas A&M University Toni Haikal is currently a senior Computer Engineering student with plans to pursue a master’s degree in computer engineering while engaging in the industry. Her research interests are deeply rooted in machine learning models and artificial intelligence, specifically their application and influence in the domains of cybersecurity and cloud computing. Haikal is particularly focused on the development of advanced AI- driven security protocols and the optimization of cloud

Conference Session

Track 7: Technical Session 8: Fostering Inclusive Learning Environments while Navigating DEI Backlash

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

valerie a guerrero williamson, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

?Instruction Mentorship• Course policies & planning • Look for opportunities to support interests and efforts of minoritized• Course content, framing, exposure students and colleagues to critical thinking • Consider your own strengths and• Being friendly & learning about the weaknesses as a mentor goals of your students• How you encourage discussion and • Differentiate between your skills as a mentor, adviser, and critical thinking supervisor/manager

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

April Anne Kay, Dalton State College; Bradley Harris, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Stephanie Philipp, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

science skills, this approach to learning excludes students from engaging with theprofessor in real-time collaboration on an open-ended research project where outcomes areunknown [4]. Using PBL/CURE in the science labs offers students a forum to gain experience onhow to plan and implement research. This gives learners agency in their education and empowersthem to make choices in research design such as the consideration of sample sizes and time [5].This experience provides students a forum to develop and practice 21 st century competenciesincluding critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, innovation, communication, andcollaboration [6]. This paper describes a project conducted in Spring 2023 in a GeneralMicrobiology course at Dalton State

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

Sylmarie Davila-Montero, The Citadel

MicroPython as well since many of the resources that I found online for Python were not compatible with Micro:Bit.”• Reflection sample 3: “The project demonstrated the multifaceted process required to create a functional product. Each stage of creating the product required a methodical approach to ensure quality and reliability. After completing each stage, the final product met all the requirements described in the instruction except for requiring a For loop in the code. My method of organizing the interaction between each component did not need a For loop to be implemented. From this I learned that each program can be made in a variety of ways. Also, the planning of your overall structure and functions

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Kenneth R. Leitch P.E., West Texas A&M University; Roy Jean Issa P.E., West Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

planning and mentoring to prepareundergraduate students to be part of the research team.According the NSF1, a PUI is one that primarily grants associate, bachelor, and master's degrees; hasgreater undergraduate versus graduate enrollment; and graduates fewer than 20 science-relateddoctoral degrees a year. Malachowski2 remarks that since 1995, undergraduate research hasincreased in visibility and prominence and that faculty need to be assisted in remaining student-oriented rather than research-oriented at PUIs. This observation is key for the authors of this paperas we strive to balance the primary teaching focus with the needs for research and service expectedof all faculty members. Many PUIs use a formula of approximately 60% teaching (3 to 4

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

Hoda Ghassab, Tennessee Technological University; Priyanka Mahajan, Tennessee Technological University; Pedro E. Arce, Tennessee Technological University; Andrea Arce-Trigatti, Tallahassee Community College

, instead, student-teams are required to use an approach thatinvolves the iterative application of the two paradigms: this mimics the action of the pistons of atwo-cylinder engine. During this strategy, student-teams will identify a plan on how to conduct theprocess (Organization Tools), they will integrate needed Resources, apply the plan to acquireknowledge (Learning Cycles) and perform the transfer of this knowledge to the challenge (LinearEngineering Sequence, LES) always towards the development of the PIT. In this particularcontribution, students use the Foundry as the overall, or “macroscopic” level strategy in thelearning and the finer details related to the application or subject matter (the modeling of the fluidvelocity profile) are guided

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

Stephen Strain, University of Memphis; Andrew Blass Watson, The University of Memphis; Matthew Hale, The University of Memphis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

plagiarism, inappropriateassistance, bias/discrimination, and diminishment of cognitive skills [8], [20]-[24]. While theseissues will undoubtedly need close attention and necessitate further research, we judge that thesocioeconomic pressures driving GenAI’s sudden prevalence will not be held at bay while weawait answers. Such pressures, coupled with GenAI’s potential benefits to students andeducators, direct us to fold these concerns into a larger framework alongside plans for testing,adoption, adaptation, and integration.Consequences of Generative AIIntegrating GenAI into engineering curricula offers several pedagogical advantages suggested inthe instructor and student narratives (see Appendix): • Rapid generation of code examples and targeted

Collection

2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Joseph George, Western Michigan University; Ajay Gupta, Western Michigan University; Alvis Fong, Western Michigan University

We plan to use the AutoML process discussed in this paper in the Artificial Intelligenceand Machine Learning courses offered in 2024 for problems arising from two different domains.Learning activities both homework as well as in-class experiential learning that support thetheory students learn will be fully integrated to assess the effectiveness of the educationalmodule. Feedback will be obtained for continual improvement using questionnaires that conformto pedagogical and andragogical literature from the evaluation community.V. Conclusion We exhibited a workflow that facilitates easier development of efficient ML models by auser with minimal AI/ML expertise using AutoKeras, an AutoML python library. A comparisonbetween DeepNovo, a

Collection

ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Devang Jayachandran, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, The Capital College; Jeremy Joseph Blum, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, The Capital College

intend to analyze the ability of this pipeline helps to provide an accessibleentry point to competitive programming contests. We plan to explore the use of a similar pipelinethat could be integrated into programming classes. Moreover, we plan to introduce students tothe prompting strategies and parameterization utilized by the pipeline and evaluate whether thisbackground can improve their effectiveness in using generative AI for coding tasks.AcknowledgmentsThis research was funded by the Institute for Computational and Data Sciences at Penn StateUniversity through the Inter-Institutional Partnerships for Diversifying Re-search (IPDR)Program, the Penn State University Center for Applications of Artificial Intelligence andMachine Learning to

Conference Session

Technical Sessions 5

Collection

2024 Fall ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Matthew Fried, SUNY Farmingdale; Mohammad Alshibli

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Professional Papers

curriculum planning for AI education, highlightingthe need for teachers to be equipped with appropriate resources and strategies for engagement.They used self-determination theory (SDT), with the four basic structures of content, product,process and praxis to reveal that genuine curriculum creation should encompass all four forms ofdesign, to be orchestrated around student learning experiences. Thus, in this paper, we questionwhether students will effectively build such skills on their own, using an evaluative questionnairemeant to similarly evoke self-determination theory structures, recognizing that studentimplementation may be more naturally adaptive and therefore better [4].Katsaris and Vidakis [5] emphasize the importance and efficiency of the

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT) Technical Session 5

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Daniel Jones, Texas A&M University; Michael S Rugh, Texas A&M University; Meet Mahesh Gamdha, Texas A&M University; Tristen James Norman, Texas A&M University; Rose Myers, Texas A&M University; Kailee Meek, Texas A&M University; Amir Hossein Khazaei, Texas A&M University; Sherry Minh Nguyen, Texas A&M University; Ethan Thai Nguyen, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT)

Texas A&M University. After producing an undergraduate thesis under the university’s English department in 2023, he joined the LIVE Lab to continue learning effective research methods. After publishing more papers and graduating in the upcoming spring, he plans on entering a doctorate program in clinical psychology to conclude academic pursuits as a licensed psychiatrist.Rose Myers, Texas A&M University Rose Myers is an engineering student with the LIVE Lab at Texas A&M University.Kailee Meek, Texas A&M University Kailee Meek is an undergraduate research student studying Biomedical Sciences (B.S.) and minoring in Psychology at Texas A&M University. She is working towards acceptance into medical school

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Graffin, Curtin University of Technology; Rachel Sarah Sheffield, Curtin University of Technology; Rekha Bhan Koul

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

informed by the coaches’ understanding of the tournament judging process,but they stressed that they wanted the children to make their own decisions about what toinclude. This was reflected in how Claire facilitated the team’s curation of a product notebookfor tournament judging in the final weeks of the competition season. Following hersuggestion, each team member sat down with Kevin (a team leader and a strong writer) todiscuss what information was important to share with the judges. Kevin created a colourfulproduct notebook in Microsoft Word™, typing up his team members’ contributions based ontheir verbal conversations and process notebook entries. He also included robot photos, codescreenshots, drawings, a robot game mission strategy planning

Conference Session

Bridging Cultures, Advancing Justice: Fostering Inclusion and Sustainability in Engineering Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kian G. Alavy, The University of Arizona; Matthieu Bloch, Georgia Institute of Technology; Gregory L. Heileman, The University of Arizona; Benjamin Richmond, The University of Arizona; Ahmad Slim, The University of Arizona; Mitchell L R Walker II, Georgia Institute of Technology; David Ruiter, University of California, San Diego

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

Paper ID #42714Equitable Attainment of Engineering Degrees: A Tri-University Study andImprovement EffortKian G. Alavy, The University of Arizona Kian Alavy is Director of Strategic Planning and Initiatives for the Division of Undergraduate Education and a doctoral student in Higher Education at the University of Arizona. Kian is interested in the history and evolution of undergraduate education offices at research universities in the United States, particularly their current nationwide organization around high-impact practices (HIPs). He earned his MA in Middle Eastern and North African Studies at the University of

Collection

2024 Rocky Mountain Section Conference

Authors

Ruhan Yang; Ellen Do

project wasthe biggest issue faced by the students. Not all students' final mini-worlds maintained the sametheme as their proposals. One group of students quickly revised their plans after submitting theirproposals, which they claimed was due to realizing they did not have enough time to completetheir original designs. Another group of students completely revised their theme by midterm,stating that they realized that their previous theme was overlapping with another group. In addition, we noticed that students were extremely enthusiastic about the projects at thebeginning of the semester, but the lack of skills may have led to their frustration. For the firstcouple of weeks, many students were not able to complete the designs they wanted due to

Collection

2024 Rocky Mountain Section Conference

Authors

Angela Bielefeldt; Katherine Ramos; Joan Tisdale

weresubmitted by the instructors on behalf of their students. There were 3 to 4 raters for each poster.None of the faculty teaching the sections shared this rubric with students in advance. Acrosssections, it was clear that students were mentored differently on different elements (e.g., morecomplete economics description or not, however all mentioned safety). The three student teamsrecognized as winners in Fall 2023 were each selected from different sections (and not sectionsof the three authors who were also judged). It was great to see students map sustainability ideasto all projects - not just those with obvious environmental applications. Future changes in therubric are planned and discussions are underway to decide whether or not to share the

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division (EP2D) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bala Maheswaran COE Distinguished Professor, Northeastern University; Lindsey Evelyn Adamchik, Northeastern University; Kyle Murrah, Northeastern University; Sabina Perry, Northeastern University; Kiersten Alexandra Tomas, Northeastern University; Haridas Kumarakuru, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics Division (EP2D)

; they are responsible for planning, researching, and completing their projects. This canhelp them develop important self-directed learning skills.A spirometer serves as a vital medical tool for measuring lung function, essential in the diagnosisand monitoring of conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.However, conventional volumetric spirometers face a limitation—they lack a systematic approachto tracking and controlling progress in lung strength. This is particularly crucial as patients withvaried conditions require different levels of exercise and monitoring.In response to this challenge, our focus is on developing a cost-effective and user-friendly digitalspirometer. Paired with a mobile application via

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON) Technical Session 4 - Engineering for One Planet & Sustainability Innovation

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dustyn Roberts, University of Pennsylvania; Jarrett Stein, University of Pennsylvania; Tex Kang, University of Pennsylvania

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON)

2025 semester over spring break. The students will beimmersed in the bike-friendly city of Amsterdam, and visit several faculty and labs at TU Delft,including one of the only bicycle engineering labs in the world.Conclusion & Next StepsThe next steps for MEAM 1010 are to reconsider the content and implementation of the attitudestowards sustainability assessment and get IRB approval for administration so that results can bepublished in future work. The instructor will also work on better methods to evaluate the impactof including sustainability content in the course, potentially including the same attitudes towardssustainability assessment at the end of the course. For MEAM 2300, the instructor will continueto execute the plan to integrate

Conference Session

Understanding the Student Experience in Mechanics Courses

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Phillip Cornwell, United States Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics Division (MECHS)

plan to give the questionnaire multiple times duringthe Spring semester. We also plan to give the faculty members teaching the course aquestionnaire designed for them. This will allow us to determine if the mindset of facultymembers affects the mindsets of their students as shown in previous research [11-12]. Based onthese results we will decide what, if any, intervention to implement in the course.Disclaimer: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarilyreflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force Academy, the Air Force, theDepartment of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release, USAFA-DF-2024-383: distribution unlimited.References:[1] Dweck, C.S., “Mindset

Conference Session

Student Division Technical Session 4: Project-based Learning

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maryann Renee Hebda, Baylor University; Morgan R Castillo, Baylor University; Tracey Sulak, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Student Division (STDT)

Education Experiential learning, most simply defined as learning by doing, can occur in multiplecontexts at the university level. For example, many undergraduates have opportunities for hands-on laboratory time, internships, and service-learning programs. Through these experiences,ideally four stages should occur: participating in the experience, reflecting about the experience,conceptualizing (understanding) what they experienced, and applying what they learned in asimilar setting [6]. When bringing experiential learning into the classroom, particularly within acourse focused on engineering design, it can integrate authentic learning experiences intostudents’ plan of study and daily lives [1]. A recent systematic review [7

Conference Session

Diverse Pathways in Engineering Education: Exploring Experiences and Opportunities

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Y Flores, University of Missouri - Columbia; Rachel L Navarro, University of North Dakota; Pat Garriott; Sarah Lynn Orton P.E., University of Missouri - Columbia; Jinkoo Lee, University of Missouri - Columbia; Chia-Lin Tsai, University of Northern Colorado; Han Na Suh, Georgia State University - Perimeter College; Bo Hyun Lee, The Ohio State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering Division(MIND)

Lent and colleagues (2005) that assessedparticipants progress at goal-directed activities at work; (3) a 4-item measure of turnoverintentions (Hom et al., 1984) that assessed plans for leaving current job; (4) a 3-item worksatisfaction measure (Hackman & Oldham, 1975) that assessed satisfaction with their currentjob; and (5) a 5-item life satisfaction (Diemer et al., 1985) measure of one’s global judgments oftheir life. Procedures. In Spring 2021, we recruited adults who received a degree in engineeringfrom 2015 and 2019, were employed as an engineer, and who identified as Hispanic, Latina,Latino, Latinx, or Latine or whose origins are from Spanish speaking countries to participate inan online survey. We sent emails to participants

Conference Session

Engineering Management Division (EMD) Technical Session 3

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adekemisola Olufunmilayo Asahiah, Morgan State University; Oludare Adegbola Owolabi P.E., Morgan State University; Pelumi Olaitan Abiodun, Morgan State University; Oyinkansola Aladeokin, Morgan State University; Hannah Abedoh, Morgan State University; Olushola V. Emiola-Owolabi, Morgan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management Division (EMD)

isassociated with the “Driving Onward” function, while intuition contradicts sensing in this role.Similarly, the “Planning Ahead” role aligns with the judging function, while the perceivingfunction opposes it. However, introversion, feeling, and thinking do not exhibit explicitassociations with specific roles, suggesting the complexity of team personality dynamics.Despite these insights, there remains a lack of understanding of the direct influence of teampersonality on effectiveness and success.This study attempts to provide evidence by investigating the relationship between teampersonalities and performance within an interdisciplinary research group at a historically blackcollege and university (HBCU). This group, operational for over four years

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudia Paz Gwynn, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Maria Elena Truyol, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT)

Achievement, and Instrumental Readiness [4]. A study on students highlights that motivationand interest in entrepreneurship can significantly contribute to social and economic developmentif supported appropriately. It advocates for problem-based learning and political support forentrepreneurial training programs [10]. Another study found that entrepreneurial education (EE)positively affects EI, particularly among management and engineering students, although itsimpact varies according to the field of study [11].In a developing country context, a study using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) exploredhow attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms impact EI among engineeringstudents in Medellin, Colombia. This research underscores

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 6

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lin Chase, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Rob Sleezer, Minnesota State University, Mankato

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

prepare for future work in which we plan to evaluatethe nature of the stress that students experience as they progress through our project-basedprograms. Why is it that after their first semester-long project our students’ experience changessuch that they end up reporting similar stress and depression levels as the students studied byJensen and Cross?Future work will thus examine performance changes as a function of time and population size,investigation of the nature of the stresses students are facing in project-based programs, andtriangulating and supporting quantitative results with qualitative data.Another limitation of this study that could be addressed in future research is non-respondentselection bias. Finally, additional work is needed