Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Curricular Design and Assessment

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hsiao-Wen Wang, National Cheng Kung University; Bart J.A. van Bueren, National Cheng Kung University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Economy. Working with amultidisciplinary student team for testing and reflection turned out to be very informative andinsightful.References[1] M. Amrine, “The Real Problem is in the Hearts of Men”, New York Times Magazine,June 23 1946, pp. 7.[2] M. Geissdoerfer, P. Savaget, N.M.P. Bocken and E.J. Hultink, “The Circular Economy –A new sustainability paradigm?” Journal of Cleaner Production. 143, 2017, pp. 757–768.doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048[3] E. mac Arthur, “Homepage of Ellen MacArthur Foundation”. [Online]. Available:https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy [Accessed Jan. 26, 2018].[4] L.R. Lattuca, “Creating interdisciplinary: Interdisciplinary research and teaching amongcollege and university faculty”. Nashville, TN

Conference Session

Faculty Development Lessons Learned Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ken Yasuhara, University of Washington; Jim L. Borgford-Parnell, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

Faculty Development Constituency Committee

Instructional Consultant of the Office for the Advancement of Engineering Teaching & Learning at the University of Washington. He taught design, education-research methods, and adult and higher education theory and pedagogy courses for over 35 years. He has been involved in instructional development for 20 years, and currently does both research and instructional development in engineering education. Jim has taught courses on the development of reflective teaching practices, and has presented workshops on learning how to learn and developing metacognitive aware- ness. He has published and presented on engineering design, engineering pedagogies, and instructional development topics. c American

Conference Session

IED Technical Session: Preparing Courses for the Future

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Omar Ashour, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

provide recommendations to manufacturing and service systems.The class involves lectures, online quizzes, two midterm exams, in-class problems, a case study,and a final exam. The course grade reflects the student performance in six quizzes (15%), twomidterm exams (40%), in-class questions and attendance (10%), case study (15%), and finalexam (20%). The instructor of the course does not provide homework assignments. In previousoffers of this course, the instructor noticed that many students received perfect grades in thehomework assignments but they received low grades in the high stake assignments and/or exams.This rendered the homework assignments ineffective in this course and other courses taught bythis instructor. Nowadays, students are able

Conference Session

A Technology Potpourri I

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teshad Chambers; Jinmyun Jo, Virginia State University; Wei-Bang Chen, Virginia State University; Christopher Washington, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

this material arethose of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the aforementioned agencies and university.REFERENCES 1. G. B. Sanders1, W. E. Larson2, K. R. Sacksteder, C. Mclemore, K. Johnson, NASA In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Technology and Development Project Overviews, Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF) Albuquerque, NM, 10-14 Feb. 2008. 2. C. Muscatello, and E. Santiago-Maldonado, Mars In Situ Resource Utilization Technology Evaluation, Commercial/Civil Next Generation Space Transportation; Human Space Exploration. AlP Conference Proc., V. 654, pp. 1116-1123, Melville, NY, 2003. 3. Steven Siceloff, Engineers Building Hard-working Mining Robot, NASA, May 22, 2016

Conference Session

Design in the BME curriculum

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eileen Haase PhD, Johns Hopkins University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

attachment, etc. Which variables are the most important (i.e. how does the force on the deltoid change if you change a variable such as arm length versus arm weight by 10%)?  What happens if you double the weight held by the arm, change the shape of the arm, etc.?  What additional design criteria do you need to include motion in your prosthetic? Specifically, does the arm need to be stronger to throw a ball than it does to hold the ball?  How can a model help with the design of an experiment?The comments in Table 3 reflect whether the arm model prepared students to develop their ownmodel. Table 3: Student Comments on the Arm Model Developing a model of an arm demonstrated, somewhat convincingly, that

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division: Online Learning

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lulu Sun, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Christina Frederick, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Caroline Liron, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Li Ding; Lei Gu, Georgia State University; Andrew Calvin Griggs II, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Paula Sanjuan Espejo, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Paula Sanjuan Espejo, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Centers, grant number EEC 1441825. Any opinions, findings, andconclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors also would like toacknowledge the effort from Dr. Matthew Verleger, who helped conduct the project in hisclasses, Dr. James Pembridge who offered suggestions on the project design and implementation,Dr. Joseph R. Keebler who helped analyzed the survey results, and the support from theInstitution Research at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University who conducted and collected thesurvey data for this project.References[1] Janet Siegmund et al., “Understanding Understanding Source Code with Functional Magnetic Resonance

Conference Session

Course Structuring for Effective Student Engagement

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel W. Baker Ph.D., P.E., Colorado State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

self-reflect. Students are invited to complete the assignment more than one time if they wantto demonstrate knowledge gained in previous iterations or see a broader range of the possiblescenarios.Figure 1: Screen shot of Resultant Force & Moment GeoGebra interactive available athttps://ggbm.at/GqURw4N4. Students are able to manipulate all aspects of interactive and theinteractive provides a graphical solution as to the resultant force and moment of the givenapplied forces and couple moments about the designated ‘Point’Fall 2017 data (231 respondents across two on-campus sections and 1 online section) to thisassignment was analyzed. The feedback question yielded a median value of 7 and a mean of 7.3.Anecdotally, I find that anytime

Conference Session

Course Tools and Practices

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric M. Rice, Johns Hopkins University; William Smedick, Johns Hopkins University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

Conflictproductive and useful results. However, Absent(ofrather than simply discussing each Trusttopic, students engage in experientialactivities that allow them to discover The$Five$Dysfunctions$of$a$Team$by(Patrick(M.(Lencioniand build the elements of successfulwork teams that are associated with that function.The activities and exercises reflect the teamwork requirements illustrated by Google researchersin Project Aristotle. That is, the exercises allow - actually require - participants to enactbehaviors that Google

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathaniel Raymond Nunez, University of Detroit Mercy; E. Prasad Venugopal, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics

second experiment inwhich the bratwurst was left to cool in air as would be expected for a human corpse in a real-world situation.A similar experimental procedure was followed, except that the temperature of the air wasmeasured to remain constant at approximately 24 °C. Figure 3 shows the results of a log-linearplot of the temperature difference between the bratwurst and ambient air as a function of time,which is tracked very well by a linear-regression fit. The slope value equals to 0.031 min-1,corresponding to a value of k = 0.07 min-1, which is about a third of the rate in the waterexperiment, reflecting both, the smaller temperature differential as well as the differingconductivities of the water versus air pockets adjacent to the

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Bouazzaoui, Old Dominion University; Charles B. Daniels, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

policyData indicated that most of the engineers are not involved in public decision making due to theirlack of knowledge related to this discipline. 9 Participants out of 13 mentioned that introducingengineering students to public policy concepts is important. One noted remark from Engineer 10who stated “I reflect for myself, Am I qualified enough to voice my concern? Lack of education Proceedings of the 2018 ASEE North Central Section Conference 4 Copyright © 2018, American Society for Engineering Educationwhen it comes to policy making. I have to ask two to three times of how can I bring this attentionwith comparing notes of the best way to bring my attention. It may be for those who are

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rambod Rayegan, Prairie View A&M University; Karla C. Lewis Ph.D., University of North Carolina, Greensboro, SERVE Center

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

that, overall, student reported significant pre-and post-change on only 3 out of 10 items regarding their skills/abilities.IntroductionStudents’ disconnectedness to the presented contents in engineering courses is a challengingissue in engineering education. Even in technical elective classes which students shouldexperience practical aspects of their core classes, they cannot make a connection betweentheoretical materials presented during lectures and real world projects. Wlodkowski’s model ofeffective instruction [1] listed expertise of the presenters/instructors, relevance of content, choicein application, practice and reflection, and group work as motivating factors for adult learners.The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology

Conference Session

A Technology Potpourri II

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barbara Christe, Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis; Joe Tabas, Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

work in healthcare seems critical to thesuccessful deployment of educational content. Money Magazine named this profession as one ofthe top five professions no one has heard of [5]. Interestingly, every hospital engagesengineering technicians who maintain medical devices, with many actively involved in the lifecycle management of this equipment. The threat of medical device vulnerability to hackers isespecially concerning since the patient/equipment interface, if compromised, can cause harm orwithhold vital therapies.The ability for the HETM program director to adequately convey the need for this specializedacademic credential was greatly lacking as evidenced by the confusion and concern at variouslevels and areas. In reflection, several

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela M Kelly, Stony Brook University; Doreen Aveni, Stony Brook University; Monica Bugallo, Stony Brook University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

of belonging, self-efficacy). By providing studentswith honors level academic coursework, coupled with real world skills development, such asresearch and design projects, and practical leadership experiences, WISE Honors will positionstudents to become effective agents in science and engineering communities. Future researchwill explore longitudinal impacts of program participation, and how students might be betterprepared to balance the demands of their personal and professional lives.AcknowledgmentsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.1647405. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this materialare those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephany Coffman-Wolph, University of Texas, Austin; Kimberlyn Gray, West Virginia University Inst. of Tech.

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

students are much more likely to seekout tutoring. The authors believe that female students are more likely to think that they either“have what it takes” or not and this will be reflected in their grades. The data shows that femalefirst generation students are also not joining programs like TRIO (aimed specifically to help firstgeneration students), which the authors believe is a contributing factor to these students avoidingSTEM fields. The male students were more likely to be members of STEM organizations andother support programs on campus, which may be why they feel a much lower need ofmentoring. Increasing peer and faculty mentoring for our female students as well as encouragingthem to join STEM organizations may help fill some of these

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Postcard Session 2: Identity and Sense of Belonging

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abigail M. Clark, Ohio State University; Rachel Louis Kajfez, Ohio State University; Mahnas Jean Mohammadi-Aragh, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

students.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under GrantNos. 1664264 and 1664266. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe National Science Foundation.References[1] N. A. of Engineering., “Educating the engineer of 2020 : adapting engineering education to the new century.” National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2005.[2] N. Nielsen, N. R. C. (U.S.)., and P. C. on E. on S. I. in U. S. Education., “Promising practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education : summary of two workshops.” National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2011

Conference Session

Works-in-Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brittany Lynn Butler; Daniel D. Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Daniel D. Burkey, University of Connecticut; Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University; Cheryl A Bodnar, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

dilemmas developed in theEPSRI are based on case studies and investigations from process safety failures to provide arealistic context for the decision making process. An example of a dilemma will be discussed aspart of the presentation at the conference. Each author was responsible for creating twodilemmas. These dilemmas were then reviewed by all authors for clarity, grammar and spelling.The considerations provided are meant to reflect pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional decision making as described by Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory.8 Thistheory represents the “transformations that occur in a person's form or structure of thought,” (pg.54) and occurs through six stages.8 The first two stages are considered pre-conventional

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Huihui Qi, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

' time.For each of the tour, students were assigned a trip report. The trip reports assignments requiredstudents to write a summary and reflection about the trip, as well as respond to specific questionslike “ what is the procedure of materials recycles?” “what did you learn from the facility tour?”These questions helped students to attend the tour with a purpose. Not only the students got thechance to visualize the concept learned from class in reality, but also they had a deeper thinkingon the topic. For example, a lot of the students expressed in the trip report “ the material recoverycenter tour was an eye-opening experience” “ the tour made me realize how much waste wecreate and everyone should practice sustainability principles in my daily

Conference Session

Investigating Instructional Strategies

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

K. Jo Min, Iowa State University; John Jackman, Iowa State University; Zhuoyi Zhao, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

and enhancethe mathematical and statistical aspects of AM for other disciplines. Hence, students’ learningcritically depends on an inter-domain experience consisting of inventory control, engineeringmathematics, and additive manufacturing. Keywords—Abstract Mathematical Concepts; Visual and Tactile Aids; LearningOutcomesIntroduction Students have been characterized by their learning styles which affect their ability tolearn and the teaching modalities that make teaching effective [1] [2]. The Felder-Silvermanmodel describes learning styles using the dimensions of Active/Reflective, Sensing/Intuitive,Visual/Verbal, and Sequential/Global [3]. The majority of undergraduate engineering studentswere classified as having an Active, Sensing

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

Immanuel Edinbarough; Adriana Rios Santiago

University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) is a comprehensive academic institutionthat serves a 150-mile region. In Brownsville, only one in ten jobs is related to personal healthcare assistance. According to the Labor Department and Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, thisnumber is the greatest concentration of home health supporters in the country, suggesting fivetimes the average in Texas. These statistics reflect the greatest need for improvement in thehealthcare assistance, opening an innovative research area in smart environments for the elderlyand disabled.The Engineering Technology (ENGT) program at The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley(UTRGV), aims to prepare students to be professionals on diverse technology applications,within a

Collection

2018 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Paul N. Runnion; Barbara J. Wilkins

activities. One activity, modified fromOn Course, asks students to track their activities on a calendar for a full week and then write abrief reflection on what they learned by looking at the calendar they created (Downing 2017).Students frequently discover that they are spending a significant amount of time oninconsequential activities. Another activity asks the students to track their diet and exercise forthree days, and some of our students have discovered that they went over 24 hours without eatinganything resembling a proper meal. Since the students have made these discoveries themselves,they are far more likely to do something about it than if we had simply given them a lecture ontime management and proper nutrition.Students struggling with

Collection

2018 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Jennifer L. Anthony; Keith L. Hohn; John R. Schlup; Chris Aiken; Christopher Frampton

hazards analysis using the hazards analysis and operability(HAZOP) approach. This is a common methodology used in the industry to identify the risksassociated with the process and evaluate if they are mitigated appropriately.Evaluation of Impact of Industrial-Academic CollaborationTwo measures were collected to evaluate the impact of the use of Cargill safety courses in ChE571. The first was a survey of students that had them reflect on their motivation, anxiety, andability to complete various tasks related to process design and process safety. The survey alsoasked for their opinion on the importance of safety at the industrial level. The second assessmentmethod was to compare student scores on their design reports. Students complete three

Collection

2018 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Molly McVey

, higher achievement of learning outcomes, and a morehighly satisfied instructional team. Future work includes the analysis of learning outcomes onexam 4, and the development of new modules to more clearly address concepts that weredifficult for students.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by th National Science Foundation under GrantNumber DUE1525775. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressedin this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation.ReferencesFelder, R. M., D. R. Woods, J. E. Stice and A. Rugarcia (2000). "The future of engineeringeducation II. Teaching methods that work." Chemical Engineering Education 34(1): 26-39

Conference Session

Undergraduate Track - Technical Session VI

Collection

2018 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity Conference

Authors

Bruk T. Berhane, University of Maryland, College Park

Tagged Topics

Undergraduate Education

of a non-URM group. It would seem then that there are three possiblerecommendations from the literature regarding supportive faculty and staff: 1) Anyadministrator, regardless of race or ethnicity, can provide support to URM STEM students; 2)The involvement of URM faculty and staff leads to higher success rates for students in thesefields; and 3) Campus administrators should not only be URMs, but actually of the same race orethnicity as the students of color with whom they interact in order to make the most significantimpact (i.e., Black faculty and staff are best suited to support Black students; Hispanic facultyand staff are best suited to support Hispanic students, etc.). This poses a quandary in thescholarship that reflects similar

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

newmaterial. Students will eventually need reliable feedback on their performance thatallows them to move forward as learners and deepens their understanding of thesubject matter. This feedback could come from the instructor, their classmates, theirown self-reflection, or a combination of the three. (27, 28)Another important factor in the optimization process is to integrate the differentcourse components (learning goals, teaching/learning activities, feedback, andassessment), in such a way that the course becomes well-knit while the variouscomponents support and complement each other in a coherent manner, i.e., thesequencing of learning activities, feedback, and assessment should build energy,engage students, and allow learning to develop as the

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dean Nieusma, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Mitch Cieminski, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

and data set as well as the methods used to collect and analyze our data.The third section reviews our key findings for this stage of the research process, drawingextensively on students’ articulations of the role of ethics in their individual lives, theireducational experiences, and the profession. In the fourth section, we identify implications of ourfindings and how they offer insight into both the teaching of ethics to engineering students andthe broader challenges facing engineering educational environments having to do witheducational and disciplinary cultures. Finally, we conclude the paper by reviewing our keyfindings and reflecting on what they portend for the project, and engineering ethics teaching andresearch, moving into the

Conference Session

Active learning in BME, Session II

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John R Clegg, University of Texas, Austin; K. R. Diller, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

fellinto the categories of curriculum and pedagogy, developing reflective teachers, and disseminatingpolicy. For example, respondents identified faculty and graduate student seminars as an effectiveway of disseminating policy, new curriculum, and teaching pedagogy. They felt that teachingportfolio programs, or faculty participation in the development of instructional materials wouldincrease teacher introspection. Despite identifying these seminars and portfolio programs as usefulvenues for professional growth, however, only 36.5% of faculty attend a teaching workshop, and19.7% write educational materials/curricula annually. None of the professor, department chair, ordean’s responses were categorized into the “shared vision” category [10].This lack

Conference Session

Curricular Transformation

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janet Y. Tsai, University of Colorado, Boulder; Kevin O'Connor, University of Colorado, Boulder; Beth A. Myers, University of Colorado Boulder; Jacquelyn F. Sullivan, University of Colorado, Boulder; Derek T. Reamon, University of Colorado, Boulder; Kenneth M. Anderson, University of Colorado Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

instructor, administrators, and researchers biases the narrative in favor of the actorswho were empowered and incentivized to bring the WSM to the LPU, side-stepping theexperiences of the students who remained in the course for the duration of the semester as wellas the faculty and departmental entities who were not in favor of creating a WSM course at theLPU. The enrolled-student data is still being collected in the form of qualitative interviews andlongitudinal tracking; hence, we save analysis of that data for future work.We are reflective and aware of the tendency of classical actor-network studies to focus on thedecision-makers and those in charge, rather than those at the network margins or those powerlessto contest the processes of organizing

Conference Session

Learning Outcomes and Pedagogical Strategies: Problems of Alignment

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Madeline Polmear, University of Colorado, Boulder; Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado, Boulder; Nathan E. Canney, CYS Structural Engineers Inc.; Chris Swan, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Conference Session

Seeking Resilience and Learning to Thrive Through Engineering Education

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudio Cesar Silva de Freitas, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Zachary James Beyer, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Hassan Ali Al Yagoub, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Jennifer Deboer, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

integrated elements of social justice and CP through differentavenues as part of our goal to establish a DLS. First, we promoted a sense of equity starting fromthe recruitment process until the final presentation. This sense of equity was reflected in ourapproach to reaching out to each student individually without demonstrating privileges to aspecific group of students. We also created a learning environment where tutors and studentscould talk to each other easily throughout the course. This open line of communication seemedto have a strong relationship to the sense of community and collaboration within the classroom.Second, students were able to take decisions in some assignments. Decisions regarding creatingteams, agreeing on due dates, scoping

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fethiye Ozis P.E., Northern Arizona University; Sahar Razavi, Northern Arizona University; Nihal Sarikaya, Northern Arizona University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

results to thestatewide symposium in April, showed that her confidence and her delivery has much improved.Her self-reported “Skill in science writing” increased from 2 to 3.5; this is an area that we will beable to analyze after she concludes her research and starts creating the poster. Finally, sheexpressed her resilience to the challenges as reflected in the stable score of 4 for “Clarification ofcareer path.” She still intends to obtain a doctorate degree.Melissa has completed her analysis of Cadmium removal with corn as a bio-sorbent. As a resultof her experiments, she concluded that corn is an effective bio-sorbent for higher concentrationsof Cadmium levels, 25 - 80 µg/L, with removal efficiencies of 46% -51%, respectively.To date, she has