by Chinese-American,Anglo-Indian, or Latino writers [15]. Code-switching can take on various forms, but in this paper,we define it as the use of both Spanish and English in bilingual communication. This showcasesthe intricate linguistic dance that bilingual speakers engage in, which reflects a blend of linguis-tic choice and cultural narrative. This phenomenon is especially prominent in communities whereboth languages are woven into the social and cultural fabric, allowing individuals to fluidly navigatetheir bilingual identities [16], [17]. Beyond simple language mixing, code-switching incorporatesa sophisticated amalgamation of grammatical structures, cultural cues, and contextual relevance,highlighting the cognitive dexterity of bilingual
interactions. Again, this section reflects the NSF emphasis on working cohesively acrossdifferent institutions, disciplines, and areas of expertise to solve large, complex problems.Section 3. Culture of Inclusion Items: Respondents are presented with 11 items, based on theliterature, that measure feelings of inclusion within a group. When we present the visual forcommunicating about the survey below, we will discuss the evidence in support of using it. In the2022 survey, these items were presented to each respondent randomly. The reason for this was todetermine if these 11 items still fell into two factors as they did in 2021, even when not presentedtogether as sets of items.Section 4: Recruiting and Mentoring Activities: In previous iterations of the
include foundational sustainability principles, corporateenvironmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting, decarbonization, sustainability inmaterials, life cycle assessment (LCA), renewable energy, and sustainable engineering designprinciples. In addition, students participate in three lab components—two experiments and onedemonstration—exploring alternative energy sources including the production of H2 fuel, solarpower, and polymer pyrolysis to fuel oil. Student learning is assessed through reflection papers atthe end of each unit, two lab reports, and a group project at the end of the semester. A newcourse in LCA will be taught in the department in Spring 2024 to supplement the sustainabilitycurriculum.The Introduction to Sustainable
significantly increased duringthe semester for the group of students exposed to the design sprint early on. Students whocompleted the design sprint later in the semester reported an increase in engineering identitymetrics, but it was not statistically significant. Interestingly, survey results indicate both thedesign sprint and an environmental engineering water filter challenge provided students anopportunity to reflect on the EM. Findings support other work that shows an increase inengineering identity in first-year engineering experiences. Future work will examine howengineering identity and EM differ across demographics and students’ selected majors.ResourcesA “Card” – i.e., an information repository – has been created for this paper on the
efficiency [9]. Integrating Lean SixSigma further bolsters comprehensive process optimization, reflecting the ongoing evolution ofquality engineering practices [10].The dynamic nature of today's industrial operations demands a workforce that is theoreticallyknowledgeable and practically proficient in applying quality engineering principles [11]. Withthe increasing complexity of manufacturing processes and the integration of new technologies,effectively utilizing quality tools has become crucial for ensuring efficiency, reducing waste, andmaintaining competitive advantage [12]. Moreover, integrating quality engineering principles iscritical to achieving operational excellence and customer satisfaction [13].In response to this need, the significance
increasingly directinfluence on higher education [8], [9]. Further, the specific institutional relations formedbetween AMUT and MIT reflect the friendly relations between the U.S. and Iran in the 1970s,and routine educational and cultural interactions between the nations in that era [11]. Mutualnational interests and reciprocity were built into the fabric of U.S.-Iran relations. For the U.S.,the Shah was the most significant strategic ally in the Middle East, truly an unimaginable featureof U.S. policymaking in the current geopolitical context. Further, as early as the 1950s, the Shahhad actively recruited those he deemed the most talented of Iranian students to attend Westerninstitutions for graduate education and return with advanced skills to lead
cingulate cortex regions of the brain, has been linkedto inhibition control [26-27]. A section of the literature highlights the N400, a prominent negativecomponent peaking around 400 milliseconds, as pertinent to interference control in Stroop tasks[28-29]. The N400 reflects the higher cognitive demand involved in managing the interferencebetween conflicting sources of information, such as ink color and word name in incongruentconditions. Additionally, alongside the N200 and N400, studies have reported a late negativity infrontal regions or a late positivity in centro-parietal regions, typically occurring around 600milliseconds [29-30]. These late components are indicative of processes like executiveengagement, conflict resolution, response
the 2D plane. MARVLS provides opportunities for students to reflect on interactions with the physicalcube and digital model by allowing students to rotate digital model by rotating the cube. Thisallows students to manipulate aspects of the digital models by modifying current flow, shape ofcomponents, and orientation of the system to explore complex interactions between objects andfields. Activities then scaffold students to map these interactions to formalisms, such as Lorentzforces, Gauss’s Law, and Ampere’s Law, as well as abstractions, such as mathematical equationslike Maxwell’s equations. By connecting equations and formalisms to a variety of actionsgrounded in conceptual metaphors and intuitive understanding, MARVLS facilitates
frameworks to foster environments of intrinsic knowledgedevelopment [8, 9]. Kolb’s learning model [10], for example, defines a cyclic four-stage model(concrete experience or “feeling”, reflective observation or “watching”, abstractconceptualization or “thinking”, and active experimentation or “doing”) which considers“learning” as a continuum, rather than discrete pockets of time, and generates intrinsicmotivation in learners. Similarly, authors Poitras & Poitras [11] stated the importance ofapprentice style education for engineering, an approach that leverages active participation,hands-on exercises, and active experimentation, and use technology to enhance learningoutcomes and facilitate the understanding of industry workflows and the
group due to the low materials cost of the activity. This meant building eight kits perclassroom set. The team at Southern Illinois University chose a group size of 5 middle or highschool students per group due to the larger physical dimensions of their activity, which meantthat 4 kits were constructed per classroom set with an expected enrollment of approximately 20students per class. The size of the classroom set also reflected the need for the kits to be portable.Both sets of kits were sized to fit neatly into one or two large plastic totes. Each team created two classroom sets of equipment necessary to perform the labs. In lateApril, three weeks before the end of the semester, the full group held a second in-personmeeting. At this
their curriculum development project also revealed their increasedawareness of their own understanding of the material and the challenges for curriculum design.Based on the feedback provided by the first cohort of students to receive this project, the nextoffering of the project will have students present a rough draft of their curriculum in class atmidterm to receive feedback from their peers. Each student will then also participate in amidterm interview with the instructor to discuss how to incorporate that feedback in their finaldeliverable. The authors hope these changes will help students make further progress on theircurriculum design, but also provide the students additional opportunities to reflect on and learnfrom the curriculum
Engineering Technology, the careeris Engineering” trademarked by the American Society for Engineering Education reflected thetypical experience of ET graduates. However, despite these and other efforts to assert that ETis a separate but equal, less mathematically rigorous, more practical pathway to a traditionalengineering career, this messaging is often inconsistent with the reality of opportunities andadvancement in college and after graduation. Many employers do not hire ET graduates forengineering positions for a variety of reasons, including a lack of familiarity with the preparation 1and qualifications of ET graduates, and the tendency for many employers to still associate ETwith a two-year
majorityof respondents rating it as "Very Well" or "Extremely Well." This reflects an elevated level ofsatisfaction with the AI’s ability to streamline and refine lecture content, removing unnecessaryelements such as pauses and distractions. However, a small group of the participants rated thisaspect as "Well," suggesting some room for improvement in content refinement.(c) Utility of Final Segmented Lecture ProductWe noticed a wide variation in the responses to the question of the utility of the final segmentedlecture which was one of the products of Transcriptto. One participant rated the product as notvery useful, but a majority of the respondents did find the product to the somewhat useful to veryuseful. The focus group data were used to
speeches. It involves analyzing a speaker's tone, pitch, tempo, andvolume to determine their emotional state. This process is complex as it requires not only wordrecognition but also an understanding of the delivery that reflects various emotional states [1].In utterance-level SER, emotions are classified for an entire spoken utterance, typically acomplete thought or statement. Here the emotions are considered as attributes of the wholeutterance, disregarding the temporal variations within it. The goal is to identify the dominantemotion conveyed in the utterance.Frame-level SER delves into a more detailed analysis by breaking the speech into smallersegments, often milliseconds long [2]. This approach allows the detection of emotional changeswithin
requirement for all students in the program, students will consider thecollapse of the skywalks in the Hyatt Regency in Kansas City, MO in a module similar to the onedescribed by Bottomley [12]. In Internship Reflection, students are equipped to seek discernmentof vocational plans based on their internship experience, the readings and discussions throughoutthe semester, and alignment with their personal values, beliefs, and goals. The aforementionedvirtue ethical theory helps students connect what they want to do with who they want to become. Shared Curriculum Engineering Major Core 150 Required for all students Statics Required Core 250 Required for
(Finance Technology Option) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and four degrees from Columbia University: an M.S in Anthropology, an M.S. in Computer Science, a B.A. in Mathematics, and a B.S. in Applied Mathematics and Physics. Hammond advised 17 UG theses, 29 MS theses, and 10 Ph.D. dissertations. Hammond is the 2020 recipient of the TEES Faculty Fellows Award and the 2011 recipient of the Charles H. Barclay, Jr. ’45 Faculty Fellow Award. Hammond has been featured on the Discovery Channel and other news sources. Hammond is dedicated to diversity and equity, which is reflected in her publications, research, teaching, service, and mentoring. More at http://srl.tamu.edu and http://ieei.tamu.edu.Dr. Vimal
, this diversity arises from the need to tailor the introduction ofmechanical engineering concepts to specific program requirements, instructional settings, and thecharacteristics of the incoming cohort of first-year students.Understanding freshman retention rates is crucial in unraveling the diverse outcomes of first-yearstudents pursuing mechanical engineering degrees. An often-quoted statistic is that fifty percentof engineering majors either drop out or change majors before graduating [1]. Given thesestatistics, freshman retention rates can serve to evaluate the effectiveness of educationalprograms, reflecting the intricate challenges and strengths unique to each institution. Accordingto the Arizona Board of Regents of several Arizona
debrief and reflection. By experiencingmultiple live ACLs and follow-up discussions, the participants gained an appreciation for thepre-course preparation necessary, the length of class time necessary, and an idea of whichtechniques might work (or not work) for them. One thing to note is that, just like our students,faculty may tend to look ahead at class material. For this reason, the facilitators used a “just intime” method to release notes and handouts.4. TemplatesTwo types of templates were distributed to and used by the participants. The first was a fillabletemplate that contained all the elements of a well-structured ACL that aided in determining thetime allotted for the module, team size, student deliverables, assessment technique, etc
in the first coding cycle [12], analyzingthe data for relevance to the research questions. The second and third coding cycles progressedbased on analyzing data for connections to the proposed theoretical framework. The resultingcodebook was developed by the autoethnographer in consultation with the research collaboratorfor confirmation of emerging themes, sensemaking, and suggestions for additional probing.Part of the analysis journey also included reflections on the autoethnographer’s transitionalexperiences outside those articulated during the interview. These reflections are recorded inanalytical memos written throughout the analysis process, starting from interview transcription.This additional data allowed the researchers to explore in
as men, 31% identify themselves as women.Faculty participation varied across departments. For instance, the Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering department had the highest participation (21%). Participation was moderate inBioengineering (7%). Participation was less in Physics (3%). There is no participant fromChemical Engineering. It is important to note that the demographics of survey participants donot reflect the overall demographics of program participation by gender, departments, andother categories.Findings and DiscussionMost engineering faculty members are highly engaged in their teams’ education-innovationprojects.Based on the faculty survey, the application process is considered highly accessible, and thefaculty believe the proposal
,“Assignments explanations” emerged as a recurrent theme in the human-generated codes, thoughin a slightly varied form in the generated codes. The GAI method consistently reflected athematic focus on “Feedback” with several sub-topics identified under this umbrella, includingfrequent and timely feedback. Upon reviewing the labels generated by the generative model,frequent labels were assigned to a main topic. Subsequently, the process of developing thesemain topics entailed utilizing GPT-3.5, with humans reviewing the main labels to ensure theiraccuracy and alignment with the original labels. The main topics from questions 1 and 2 arepresented in Table 2.Table 2. Main topics for Q1 and Q2Q1 Main Topics (n=8) Q2 Main topics (n=9)Online
throughthe EDIL Survey, reflecting a comprehensive understanding of inclusion within academiccommunities. The components from SI suggest that inclusion has a multi-faceted understandingthat goes beyond just being present in a group, to include how one is perceived and valued by theinstitution and its smaller sub-communities. SI-1 also adopted the survey instrument, but theyonly used part of the survey, which focused solely on the engineering department. The reductionin the number of items compared to SI could imply a more streamlined approach to measuringthe sense of inclusion that focuses on specific aspects of inclusion.Psychometric Integrity The study utilized a variety of instruments with different dimensions to measureconnectedness and
, stickers, fun pens and pencils, etc. After this, there is another short lesson where theproposed questions are answered and the science behind it is explained. The students are thenencouraged to reflect and self-evaluate their own experience of the activity so they can determinewhy their solution to the problem did or did not work [5].An alphabetical, non-comprehensive list of activities put on by STEM 4 Kids is in the tablebelow. Activities are hyperlinked to web pages with instructions or to sources for purchasingmaterials, with the exception of the 3D Printing, which links to CSU’s Idea 2 Product Lab (I2P). Table 1: List of STEM 4 Kids Activities 3D Printing Apple-Powered Clocks
Scaling up Learning for Sustained Impact. Springer, 2013, pp. 314–327. [9] A. Bruckman, E. Edwards, J. Elliott, and C. Jensen, “Uneven achievement in a constructionist learning environment,” in International Conference of the Learning Sciences: Facing the Challenges of Complex Real-world Settings, vol. 7, no. 17. Psychology Press, 2013, p. 157.[10] S. Charleer, J. Klerkx, J. L. Santos, and E. Duval, “Improving awareness and reflection through collaborative, interactive visualizations of badges,” in 3rd Workshop on Awareness and Reflection in Technology-Enhanced Learning, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1103/paper5.pdf[11] J. Young, “Badges earned online pose challenges to traditional college diplomas,” The
when faced withcomplex problems they have to agentively solve, this shows that these students can successfullydo design work to frame and conceptualize large and difficult problems.There are several limitations to this work. The primary limitation lies in the differing number ofcredit hours between the two courses. This is reflected in students in the CCEE course havingmore accurate calculations when analyzing their data collected in the lab, and having moreprofessional presentation slides. However, these results show that even a 1-credit class allows fornuanced design work from first-year engineers. The sample size for this study is also relativelysmall, limiting universalizing due to small-scale statistics.AcknowledgmentsThis material is
challengeexternal and internal beliefs about racism, sexism, and classism [27][37]. Another studyexploring belonging in STEM and intersections of race and gender found students experiencedan increase in sense of belonging if they had relationships with faculty and peers in their major,confidence and interest in a major, and a strong science identity [28]. Additionally, women andstudents of color who decided to leave their STEM majors experienced a lack of relationshipswithin their department and low levels of science identity. Marginalized students in STEM alsoconsistently report an increase in belonging when their identities are reflected in their peers,faculty, and mentors [28][34][33].It is crucial students’ sense of belonging is a focus for engineering
other awareness is theability to understand the world of others. Perspective taking is the ability to adopt the viewpointof another. Emotional regulation is the ability to manage one’s own emotional response. Andlastly, mode switching is the task of applying analytic and empathic mechanisms at theappropriate times [6]. The next supporting area of practice orientation includes four components.Epistemological openness is the ability to value the experiences of others as important sources ofinformation. Micro to macro focus is contextualizing their work from effect on individuals toimpacts on global societal systems. Reflective value awareness is recognizing there are ethicalissues involved in engineering decisions and each engineer must
ethical dilemmas, and students had to dealwith factors such as working to deadlines, resolving disagreements, and continuously refiningsolutions. The author found that the “hands-on” and “real-world” situations that the role-playsituation afforded were particularly pedagogically valuable for engineering education students.In the realm of a computer systems analysis and design course in a New Zealand bachelorprogram, Erturk (2015) explored two class sessions that involved students producing Data FlowDiagrams and Activity Diagrams, where the intention was to demonstrate their analysis of asoftware “case” by constructing, reviewing, critiquing, and reflecting on the diagrams. The role-play dimension required students to explain and “act out” their
possible before attending the lesson. The same population improved enough toreceive satisfactory performance if it was a graded assessment, but the results are not wildlyhigher quantitatively than the initial lower performing groups. While it is difficult to discernstudent intent or motivations from the data, a possible explanation may be that high-performingstudents recognize the instructor emphasis reflected in the unique demonstration, and will engageclosely, rising to the academic challenge posed to them. The lowest achievers have the largestgap in knowledge, so increased contact time with the material combined with presentingknowledge in a more digestible and physical manner, i.e., incorporating new learning modes,helps those students make
interviews were semi-structured and lasted approximately 45 minutes. All interviews wereconducted via Zoom or in person and were transcribed by a professional transcription service.The interviews were aimed at uncovering differences that faculty had noticed in their coursessince the COVID-19 pandemic began. Interview questions (Table 1) were developed by theresearch team and were piloted for clarity. Participants were sent the interview questions prior tothe interview to allow them to gather class data and reflect on the differences beforehand.Table 1. Semi-Structured Interview Questions High-Level Interview Protocol 1. What differences have you noticed in teaching before, during, and after COVID? 2. Before COVID, did you notice any gaps in