published start and end dates and “hard”deadlines. Since 2014, the MOOC format has changed to “on-demand.” Students are allowed toenroll and start at any time. New class “cohorts” start about every month for every class. Thesecourses are self-paced with “soft” deadlines. The deadlines are suggested, but if the student fallsbehind they may join up with the next month’s “cohort” and continue to proceed in the classuntil completion.In-video knowledge checks are included in the module videos to stimulate learner interaction.The video pauses at various locations to allow students to reflect and answer questions on theirown about the material. An example of this type of interaction is included in Figure 1. Figure 1. Typical In
the targeted data. Overall, the mainaim of this paper is to provide critical insights for researchers who anticipate implementing moresuccessful, purposeful and effective data collection in elementary schools, specifically in K-2grade levels. We also anticipate that this paper will help practitioners and professionaldevelopers consider how they might collect video recordings: whether for allowing practitionersto reflect on their teaching practices; allowing teachers to share with families the in-classactivities that children engage in; or assisting professional developers in developing video-basedtraining materials. IntroductionPurpose of the Paper This paper describes the evolution of data
through the use of commercial finite element method(FEM) software and 3D printers have become common tools to reverse engineer and developlighter products in the industry. Reverse engineering is a process in which the starting point ofa new design starts with an existing design [1]. These tools were incorporated into a designcourse in a Mechanical Engineering program to design and validate a lighter version of abracket.3D Laser scanners are used to obtain the geometry of existing parts determining the position ofa scanned area by sensing the reflection of a laser on a surface taking into account the period ofreturn of the light ray and the angle of impact [2]. The points obtained during the scanningprocess are used to form surfaces that can be
temperature data. Short term behavior (0-400s) is believed to incorporate effects from the furnace coming up to operational temperature. Mid-term behavior (400s – 2400s) is considered a transient state where radial and axial conduction effects trade dominance and work to balance out. Long-term behavior (2400s on) attains fairly steady state behavior across all interior regions. The interior temperature profiles also show identifiable modes. Short-term behavior (0- 300s) is suspected to be due to most of the exhaust heat going to warm up the furnace and interior walls. Mid-term behavior (300-4200s) reflects a transitional state. Long-term behavior (4200s on) attains fairly steady state
ofinductive and deductive learning, with emphasis based on student’s content background andlearning objectives. However for advanced courses, where the learning objectives are not easilyrealized, Kolb’s experiential learning cycle [8] is one of the most widely utilized. Thismethodology has four steps: abstract conceptualization, active experimentation, concreteexperience, and reflective observation. A key aspect of this learning cycle is to define theactivities that complete the learning cycle without burdening the students in the process. Theinductive learning process has been previously applied to fluid mechanics and heat transfer [9,10] with positive results, thus is the approach applied in this work.Current OfferingThe Department of Engineering
open-ended whichenabled the interviewer to ask for specific incidents rather than general events. This approachsupports asking follow up questions that enabled probing of certain mentioned incidents. Thequestions were categorized as: introduction and recent professional experience, involvement andinnovative activities, Entrepreneurial Intentions, Entrepreneurial Actions, and reflection. Further-more, the interviewees in our study (as detailed in Section 4) were also asked about factors thatattract them to found their own company at some point in the future; this future-looking stanceprovides additional insights as compared to a retrospective approach [10, 11].The analysis of the interview data is based on the inductive coding strategy
discussions with participants. Interviews and focus groupswere digitally recorded and transcribed. A reflective analysis process was used to analyze andinterpret interviews and focus groups.Test of Students’ Science KnowledgeA student science content knowledge assessment aligned to the instructional goals of the researchcourse was developed and administered at the onset and conclusion of each part of the course.S-STEM SurveyThe S-STEM Student Survey measures student self-efficacy related to STEM content, interest inpursuing STEM careers, and the degree to which students implement 21st century learning skills.The survey was administered in a pre/post format at the beginning and end of each project year.FindingsResults are organized by evaluation
to be increasingly skilled at adaptation, analyzingcomplex systems, collaboration, and management. Duderstadt’s “Engineering for a ChangingWorld” argues that American engineers need to be able to add more value than their internationalcompetition who earn lower wages; to remain competitive, American engineers should be morebroadly-educated, innovative, entrepreneurial, and prepared for global challenges [7].Recognizing the difficulties in attracting young people—especially women and members ofunderrepresented minority groups—the NAE Committee on Public Understanding of EngineeringMessages developed a positioning statement for the profession focusing on creativity and helpingpeople; naturally, ME curriculum will need to change to reflect
students, offer adviceand encouragement, actively seek to know students on a personal level, and act in ways thatdemonstrate multicultural competence. While Black faculty are underrepresented in theprofessoriate, Griffin (2013) notes that they are often able to relate, and provide academic andsocioemotional support, to Black students in ways that are often unmatched by other faculty.This act of “othermothering” is rewarding to Black professors who report that their support ofBlack students both reflect their commitment to uplifting their communities and provides themwith opportunities to discuss with individuals with whom they have a shared understanding ofacademic life (p.180).For Black students in STEM fields, interactions with faculty can also
diversity); were comfortable voicing opinions about diversity topics; hadwitnessed tensions, stereotyping, or discriminatory acts on the basis of any of these minoritycharacteristics (implying a dominant cultural capital excluding minorities); and whetherminorities felt pressured to act in any particular way inside or outside of the classroom(reflecting both social and cultural capital).1 Climate indices were derived from factor analysesof each of these sets of questions (see the Appendix for index construction). Further, self-confidence as an engineer and in terms of academic suitability to engineering were assessed;indices for these sets of questions were also developed through factor analysis (see theAppendix); as were future plans to be
. Prior to asking a question of the class that you were already going to ask, tell students you are about to ask them that question and give them 1-2 minutes to reflect on the question, writing down their Participation answer in their notes. Then follow up by call on a few students at Preparation 2-5 min random. Ask a question and give students a minute to write down some thoughts ("think"), then another minute or two to discuss their Think-Pair-Sh thoughts with a neighbor ("pair"), then follow up by calling on pairs are 3-5 min at random to
interactionscreated a sense of connection with the research process and the dynamic nature of the testedtopics. The positive experience was also shared by the invited speakers and participatingresearchers. They reflected that drawing on their own research experience gave them anadded incentive to engage with the students beyond lecturing.References1 Rugarcia, Armando, Felder, Richard M., Woods, Donald R., & Stice, James E. (2000). The Future of Engineering Education: Part 1.A Vision for a New Century. Chemical Engineering Education (CEE), 34(1), 16-25.2 Chalah, Habbal. (2018). Design, Implementation, and Assessment of a Summer Pre-collegiate Pro-gram at Harvard University.3 Felder, R., & Brent, R. (2004). The Intellectual Development of
informeddecisions on their career or post-graduation. The program’s group activities (socials,distinguished speaker lectures, and symposium); mentor pairing with industry, faculty, orentrepreneurship coach; experiential learning opportunities; and academic support services aredesigned to foster a “sense of community and inclusiveness.” In this study, we are interested inunderstanding the role of the cultural self within this community of students in terms ofacademic motivation, social identity, and temporal self-esteem. There are varying definitions anddebates around the concept of cultural identity [11]. For purposes of this study, cultural identityis operationalized as the reflection of identities in relation to gender, ethnic, and first
in the topic/subject/ideas studied but also beyond it. They should be able to apply the learnedideas, generalize the ideas, transfer the principles to similar topics, etc.EvaluateIn this stage, the instructor should evaluate the outcomes of the teaching. This is exactly a scale ofhow much progress the students have made based on the lesson they learned from the instructor.The instructor can use some rubrics to assess this directly. Some formal tests can be administered.Self-reflection and self-evaluation by students can be a significant part of evaluation. Revised andresubmitted statements of learnings of students can also provide some clues towards evaluationsof their learning outcomes.2.2 The DBR MethodAs mentioned earlier, the word DBR
1734834. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed inthis material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation. We also wish to thank Mr. William Michael Anderson and Ms. ClaudiaDesimone for help with data collection.References[1] S. Byun, J. L. Meece, M. J. Irvin, and B. C. Hutchins, “The role of social capital in educational aspirations of rural youth,” Rural Sociology, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 355–379, 2012.[2] C. Carrico, H. M. Matusovich, and M. C. Paretti, "A qualitative analysis of career choice pathways of college-oriented rural central Appalachian high school students," Journal of Career Development, 2017.[3] Carrico, C.A., “Voices in the
introductory and advanced technical writing courses.Data-driven learningAs the educational marketplace expands, institutions of higher learning are experimenting withhow active learning increases student success. Freeman et al.’s meta-analysis of STEM educationstudies found that active learning significantly increased course grades over didactic methodsand was particularly effective in classes of 50 or less students. In contrast, students were 1.5times more likely to fail a course that lacked active learning strategies [1].The spectrum of active learning ranges from simple activities, such as writing minute papers orpausing for reflection, to more complex activities, such as hands-on technology and inquirylearning. Active learning is being promoted as
away from release, MySpace was the new social media platform [2], Amazonjust launched what would eventually become a major cloud service provider called Amazon WebServices [3], and Skype had just released its Beta communication software using VoIP [4].The NWCET list, thorough as it was in 2003, has by 2019 become outdated. But even thoughthe list is no longer reflective of the realities of the IT workforce, some educational institutionsstill use them as a reference point. An updated and future-facing revision is essential. The “ITSkill Standards 2020 and Beyond” (ITSS) project, funded by the National Science Foundation’sAdvanced Technological Education program, will provide that revision by creating an updatedset of employer-led, future-facing
understanding the long-term impacts of the work being done in this area. Amongthe tools under consideration for development are the housing of certain evaluation instrumentsdirectly on the site with data to be collected from the instruments available for analysis as well asa recollective survey for past participants in activities to reflect on the impacts those activitieshad on their current education and career choices.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation underGrant Nos. 165005, 1625335, 1757402, and 1745199.References [Need to blind][1] Code.org. Available online: https://code.org/ (Accessed 4 February 2019).[2] Girls Who Code. Available online: https://girlswhocode.com/ (Accessed 4
an institution will not be representative, but can be considered a sort of upper bound on the needed mathematics at a more typical institution. • Interviews with faculty may not be completely reliable, they may overstate the mathematics they need. However, this limitation is mitigated by the analysis of course artifacts. • Opinions of faculty are only opinions, they may not reflect the true needs of their students. • The analysis of course artifacts only examined two engineering courses, and is far from comprehensive. • The response rate in the student opinion survey was poor (about10%). This decreases confidence in those results. • Engineering mathematics exists in a complicated
their strengths andthe areas where they need to improve in order to be able to attain the goals they have set forthemselves. Rather than just identifying the areas where they need to make improvements, theyare also directed to develop plans to address these areas.Throughout the modules, there are activities for the students to apply the various techniques orskills that were presented. They are asked to reflect on what worked best for them, whether theynoticed any improvements in their academic performance or ability to complete assignmentsbecause of the use of the skills and techniques they had learned.Finally, graduating seniors were interviewed to provide their advice or words of wisdom for theincoming students. Without telling the senior
appreciate the valueof different aspects), teamwork and consensus-building, such as that employed in the rubricstudy, could be a valuable strategy for sustainable design. Our poster will explore additionalconnections across our studies which provide insights into how engineering students maydevelop cognitive flexibility and how we can better measure it.AcknowledgementThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.1811170 Developing and Assessing Engineering Students' Cognitive Flexibility in the Domainof Sustainable Design. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressedin this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience
with others--they get distracted easily or workthe problem on their own rather than collaboratively. At the end of the semester, the class votedon the best problem-solving partner, and that person received a small prize. This helped tohighlight what makes a good partner but was too late to affect student behavior. Another way toraise awareness of desirable partnering behavior may be to ask students in an out-of-class or in-class assignment to reflect on what makes a good partner and which behaviors they themselvesexhibit.Laboratory Activities The course made use of a large material testing load frame. It alsoadopted table top experiments with strain gaged test beams. With up to 24 students in a section,there was not enough equipment for all
, research, reflection, and solving flowcharto If the Group chooses to spend money, please do not spend more than $75 (per group) on theproject. I expect most groups will spend much less than this amount. Previously, the groupaverage was ~$15.Milestones:o MS1) Escape Room Proposal - Theme and Puzzle Ideas ● 5 min Presentation of your idea + theme ● 1 page write up of your idea + themeo MS2) Paper Prototype – Playtestable and Self-review ● All puzzles made from paper with a rough draft of the rules to guide the players ● Playtesting on the due date with classmates ● Reflection on your own escape room and plans moving forward (2 pages max)o MS3) Fully Playable Prototypes ● All puzzles must be done (other than minor tweaking) ● Rules should be
construct elements of a program, and a built-insimulator.4 The simulator allows the user to observe and test the behavior of the programthroughout execution by watching memory elements change in response to the environmentand/or user input/actions. Once the program has been thoroughly tested with the simulator, theIDE is used to download the program to the actual controller.Figure 2 shows the eight key symbols that may be used in a flowchart. As with traditionalflowcharts, the shape of a particular block denotes its function. For example, the two diamond-shaped symbols, compare and decision, reflect branch points in the program logic from whichthere are two exits
, completed two of her four professional development requirementsby presenting at High Schools That Work and in a department meeting at her school, Felicity-Franklin. However, she also chose to provide one-on-one mentoring to a fellow teacher from herschool by meeting with her and explaining the pedagogies associated with the program. Thatsame teacher, BF, decided to apply to the program, was accepted, and now serves as an advocateof program pedagogies throughout Felicity-Franklin.BF made a tremendous impact on one particular science teacher in her rural school throughprofessional development. She mentored “Holly” through the process of creating andimplementing two engineering design challenge units and reflected upon the experience: My first
university, we use a DesignManifesto to guide the students through the four-phase design process. The manifesto outlinesthe deliverables for each of the phases and the phase subcomponents. Two of the clinicalprojects, Otolaryngology and Anesthesiology & Pharmacy, were more experimental-focusedproject than design focused project. By experimental focused project we mean the projectrequired more experimental design and analysis rather than the building of a prototype. Toaddress a new design manifesto (Research Manifesto) was written to reflect procedure forexperimental-based approach verses design-based approach. The honors students on theseprojects, five of the eight students, were tasked with writing the new research manifesto as theirhonor
than a student whoexpresses extrinsic motives. Codes that reflected students’ expression of self-image, such ascodes relating to self-efficacy, are denoted to provide insight on another hypotheses: studentswho indicate interest or efficacy in math and/or science will perform better and be more likely tobe retained than those who do not indicate such interest or efficacy.Codes for Question 3 were organized into categories that denote the influences that affected astudent’s decision to study engineering. These categories relate to People, Experiences,Technology, and Other Influences. The “Family” section of the People category distinguishesbetween simply mentioning a family member and mentioning that a family member is anengineer or does related
who do not get facultyinput on homework solutions, may not ever be taught how to present an understandable technicalsolution. There is no doubt that online teaching tools are beneficial and that students perceptionsand interactions are positive.[2] Some students, at the moment of the interview, state that theyprefer online homework systems. However, these students are NOT surveyed at a later date andasked to reflect on their freshman learning experiences. Although many studies have investigated the use of online homework systems in math [3],science [4–6], or engineering [3,7–10] courses, few have assessed the ability of a student to present alogical solution during the course. Authors in these studies usually correlate homework grades
to illustrate a point. In describing how she would identifywhat needs to be and can be done related to a particular problem, Olivia referred to “whateveryone would say to do” (a literature search, in this case), which highlights again an emphasison what others might do in a given situation, but is also a rather simple answer that seems tosuggest a straightforward, “correct” way to address a problem.Category 2. Defining the middle of a continuum is perhaps the most challenging and allows forthe most variation. The responses in Category 2 reflected a range of themes and emphases.Overall, participants whose responses fell into Category 2 demonstrated a greater awareness ofelements that might be considered key to embarking in engineering
not necessarily reflect the views of the BETHAEndowment.Bibliography1. Missiuna, C. & Pollock, N. (1991). Play deprivation of children with physical disabilities: The role of the occupational therapist in preventing secondary disability. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 45 (10), 882-888.2. Besio, S. (2004). Using assistive technologies to facilitate play by children with motor impairments: A methodological proposal. Technology and Disability, 16(3), 119-30.3. Jones, M. A., McEwen, I. R., & Hansen, L. (2003). Use of power mobility for a young child with spinal muscular atrophy.” Journal of American Physical Therapy Association, 83(3), 253-262.4. Casey, J., Paleg, G., & Livingstone, R. (2013). Facilitating