Conference Session

Cognitive and Motivational Issues in Student Performance I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joachim Walther, University of Queensland; David Radcliffe, University of Queensland

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

work. Secondly, as students they aresufficiently close to their educational experience so that they can give detailed accounts of theirexperiences at university. Additionally the reflexive component of the professional developmentcourse prepared these students for a deeper reflection of how the industry experience puts theirlearning at university into context.The protocol used for the focus groups is based on critical incident techniques35-38 to elicitinstances of accidental learning. Critical incidents are detailed accounts of real-worldexperiences of the participants. In the area of competency research critical incident techniqueswere shown to be more reliable than for example expert’s panel methods or respondents’opinions both of which are

Conference Session

Service - Learning Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather Wright, Michigan Technological University; Linda Phillips, Michigan Technological University; James Mihelcic, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

includes Page 13.793.9notes and reactions to their experiences. Students document the appropriate ABET criteria forthe noted project task, observation or lesson. ABET summary reports are utilized in lieu of adaily learning log for the on-campus portion of the ISD course. These summary reports requirethe students to reflect on how each of the ABET criteria are met.For the purpose of our assessment program, we have focused on a sample of responses that relateto the five ABET criteria that were used to develop our survey questions: 3d, f, h, i, and j. Thefollowing is a summary of the past ISD student assessment relate to evaluation of in

Conference Session

Sustainability and Environmental Issues

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kurt Rosentrater, USDA-ARS; Elif Kongar, University of Bridgeport

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

reflected in publications such as1, 2, 3. Most recently, “AnInconvenient Truth” has captured the attention of the public, and has brought the environment,and the effects of human activities, to the forefront of many people’s minds4. Now, the media isroutinely filled with articles discussing these topics. Some of these have begun to focus ontechnologies, manufacturing practices, and the products which are produced. A few examplesinclude industrial chemicals5, green solvents6, green consumer products7, and environmentally-benign separations processes8. Page 13.935.2Not only is the public paying attention to environmental topics, but interest is

Conference Session

Engineering in Middle Schools

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tris West, Lewisburg Area School District; Abe Feuerstein, Bucknell University; Steven Shooter, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

AnthropologistsThe unit ends with a visit from a mechanical engineering professor from a local university who 7discusses the engineering careers and places engineering in context with archeology,anthropology and history. The WebQuest includes a teacher section that provides a script for thelesson for other teachers to use in their classrooms.Section 3: MethodologyParticipantsChildren from six sections of a sixth grade combined social studies/technology class participatedin this study. There were 18 to 25 students in each section of the class and 116 studentsparticipated overall. The demographics of the children in this sample reflect the demographics ofthe middle school which they attend which is mostly white

Conference Session

The New Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge (BOK2)

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Anderson, Somat Engineering, Inc.; Stuart Walesh, S. G. Walesh Consulting; Kenneth Fridley, University of Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

setting gathering, “The Vision for CivilEngineering in 2025”7, provided further input for the revision of the BOK1. In fact there wassignificant potential synergism between the Vision and the BOK efforts.Second Edition of the Civil Engineering Body of KnowledgeBased on the groundswell of opinions and the plethora of reports and studies that indicated thetime for engineering education reform has come, ASCE elected in 2005 to revise the BOK1 toreflect the consensus that had developed since the development of the BOK1. Thus, in late 2005the Second Edition of the Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge Committee (BOK2Cmte) wasformed for the specific purpose of revising the BOK1 to reflect all that had happened in thisarena in the intervening

Conference Session

Innovations in Laboratory Studies

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Al-Bahi, King Abdulaziz University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

clear, measurable, learning objectives ‚ Specify clear, reliable, and objective assessment criteria of students workEvaluation of the Lab Experience in the CurriculumAppendix C contains a survey that was used to evaluate student’s lab experience in theengineering programs in King Abdulaziz University. The form evaluates the lab experience in 3distinct areas: ‚ Students and Learning ‚ Instructors and Instruction ‚ Facilities and SafetyThe results of the survey, when first used, indicated the weak as well as the strong points of theundergraduate lab experience of KAU students as shown in Fig 1. The results reflect the weakpoints of the classical recipe type experiments where the students are unable to deal with

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Craig, North Carolina State University; Lisa Bullard, North Carolina State University; Jeff Joines, North Carolina State University; Tom Miller, North Carolina State University; Carolyn Miller, North Carolina State University; Dianne Raubenheimer; George Rouskas, North Carolina State University; Larry Silverberg, North Carolina State University; Eric Wiebe, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

integral part of the ongoing activities. One research and assessment method beingemployed is the Delphi method. This formal communication process will be used to gatherconsensus among faculty, industry leaders and students in an effort to identify sets ofcomputational skills vital for engineering professionals. Descriptions and reflections of the firstyear of project activities will be presented as well as plans for future activities. Preliminaryassessment data will also be available.1. IntroductionTwo decades ago to say that an engineering graduate was highly competent in computing meantthat he or she had mastered the FORTRAN programming language. A decade later it meant, inaddition, mastering basic skills in a few key discipline-specific

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Describing the Engineering Student Learning Experience Based on CAEE Findings: Part 1

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Morozov, University of Washington; Deborah Kilgore, University of Washington; Ken Yasuhara, University of Washington; Cynthia Atman, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

a longitudinalcomparison of responses from the same participants. While the survey was administered to alarger sample, we limited the present analysis to students who self-identified as studyingtowards an engineering major in both years and who answered at least two of the three designquestions. The final longitudinal sample included responses from 110 students, across thefour institutions.Demographic information was gathered from students in the first year of the APS. Genderwas determined based on students’ self-reports. Reflecting the oversampling of women inthe APS study, 37% of the participants in this sample were women (n = 41).Students also were identified in terms of what we refer to as representation status in thispaper—that is

Conference Session

FPD5 -- Placement & Early Success

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Papadopoulos; Karen Brucks, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Eric Key, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Ethan Munson, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; K Vairavan, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

degree in one of these disciplines from any institution(67.5%, reflecting the fact that 4 students left in good standing) and from any discipline at UWM(73.0%, reflecting the fact that 4 students have already changed majors out of the targeteddisciplines, and we estimate that about 3 others will do likewise). For comparison, the overallgraduation rate derived of entering freshman in CEAS is about 30%4, and is 52.9% for thecomparison group (50.0% for those initially enrolling in Calculus I or higher, and 55.3% forthose initially enrolling in College Algebra or Trigonometry).Thus, it is clear that the CSEMS Program has a positive effect on retention and graduation, evenwhen compared with performance of students of similar profile. We suspect that

Conference Session

Student Teams and Project-Based Learning

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margaret Huyck, Illinois Institute of Technology; Daniel Ferguson, Illinois Institute of Technology; Rachel Wasserman, Illinois Institute of Technology IPRO Program

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

young adults in alearning environment (e.g. college). Educators have long seen value in presenting ambiguous,real-life challenges to students to further the development of thinking and reflection.10 Severaldecades of research on similar learning processes designed to increase students’ depth ofunderstanding has provided a base of knowledge represented by five key elements: activelearning, frequent feedback from others also involved in the problem solving effort,collaboration, cognitive apprenticeship involving mentors, and practical application in tasks thathave real consequences.11 Since the IPRO program is designed to provide an experiential

Conference Session

Teaching Methods for the 21st Century: Part 2

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Savage, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

3.4 3.7Scores: 1-Poor, 2-Fair, 3-Good, 4-Very Good, 5-ExcellentThe scores reflect the mean values for the entire class and indicate their level of confidencewith 1 being Poor and 5 Excellent at their ability to apply the design attributes tounstructured problems. In the areas of planning, idea generation, feasibility analysis anditeration it appears that both the freshman and juniors, who have experience with PBLdesign activities, feel more confident in their abilities. Overall the juniors, who have hadthe most experience with applying the design method, demonstrate the highest levels ofconfidence across all of the attributes.The survey data for the freshman cohort is still being analyzed to see if there are anystatistical

Conference Session

FPD8 - Early Intervention & Retention

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mukul Shirvaikar, University of Texas at Tyler; David Beams, University of Texas at Tyler; Sagun Shrestha, University of Texas at Tyler

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

from fall 2005 (95) to fall 2006 (73), but theprogram has graduated 11 more electrical engineers. This performance was not in line with thetargeted enrollment increases. The EE enrollment was significantly impacted by low enteringnumbers, which are based on recruitment. This reflects the general trend in the state of Texas andthe nation. The percentage of women and minority EE majors increased in the same timeframe:from 8.4% to 12.3% for women, 9.5% to 11.0% for BNH (black, non-Hispanic) and 4.2% to6.9% for A/PI (Asian/Pacific Islander) students.Encouraging women and minorities is a goal of B2B, and 2006-2007 tutoring records show 8women (17%) and 4 minority students (8.5%), 3 of whom were minority women. B2B tutors inthe 2006-2007 academic

Conference Session

New Trends in Engineering Management Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Galloway, The Nielsen-Wurster Group, Inc

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

exam. It may also be possible for distance learning programs and corporate and government agency educational programs to substitute for traditional academic paths beyond the baccalaureate…. The Society hopes that the report will lead to a revision of current undergraduate and graduate programs to reflect the basic skills, knowledge, and attitudes that will be expected of professional civil engineers and that eventually new programs will be developed.ASCE continues its work on the Body of Knowledge and released a draft of the second edition in2007.8 The key differences between the first and second editions focus on the aspirational visionfor civil engineering, an increase in the number of outcomes and a more

Conference Session

Fostering and Assessing Effective Teaming

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Senay Purzer; Dale Baker, Arizona State University; Chell Roberts, Arizona State University; Stephen Krause, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

given.2. Expanding own contribution and providing 11. EXP EXPANDING additional information. Elaborating on a topic that is somewhat understood. But then I was like that would be like ice cubes Reflecting on own understanding. Clarifying and water expand

Conference Session

The Best of Design in Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Zemke, Gonzaga University; Diane Zemke, Gonzaga University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2008-317: STRUCTURING TEAM LEARNING TASKS TO INCREASESTUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND COLLABORATIONSteven Zemke, Gonzaga University Steven Zemke is an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Gonzaga University. His primary responsibilities are Design courses and assessment. His research interests include effective learning environments and design teaching and learning. Prior to teaching he was a design engineer and manager for 23 years and holds five patents.Diane Zemke, Gonzaga University Diane Zemke is a PhD candidate at Gonzaga University in Leadership Studies. Her interests include small group dynamics, reflective practices, learning, and qualitative methods. She has co-authored

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Laboratory Systems

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jon Sticklen, Michigan State University; Daina Briedis, Michigan State University; Mark Urban-Lurain, Michigan State University; Timothy Hinds, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

towardsthe problem-solving goal.Engineering curricula have focused strongly on criterion (a) above to the detriment of the otheritems in the list. Indeed, many if not most engineering classes have focused on the first aspect of(a): a through grounding in the “basics” of a given discipline as “delivered” through lecture. Aslow but steady evolution of “content tyranny” to more and more reliance on “lecturing about”more and more material is a reflection of exploding amounts of knowledge in the engineeringdisciplines. Yet with ever more “knowledge to be imparted,” engineering students findthemselves with so many details to master that they often lose sight of the goal: effectiveproblem solving predicated on integrated understanding of technical

Conference Session

Women, Minorities and the New Engineering Educator

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Allendoerfer, University of Washington; Sharon Jones, Lafayette College; Jaime Hernandez, Texas State University-San Marcos; Rebecca Bates, Minnesota State University-Mankato; Robin Adams, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

. Page 12.557.9Research MethodsThe quantitative portion of this study is in the form of a survey that incorporates the FelderLearning Style Inventory21, as well as basic demographic questions that include informationabout such things as the student’s GPA, major, parental education level, and length of time incollege. The learning style inventory results in four measures showing preferences betweenactive/reflective, sequential/global, visual/verbal and sensing/intuitive. The results of the surveywill be used to get an agglomerative measure of the learning style distributions that can becompared across different demographic factors. A subset of students who take the survey will beasked to give feedback on informational materials as well as to

Conference Session

Educational Software

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Rynne, University of Limerick; William Gaughran, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

create features, normally it isbetter to do so to avoid possible later model distortion. The 2D sketch is then turned into a 3Dsolid usually by an extrusion or a revolve process. As noted previously, sketches can also beturned into solid features through a sweep or loft process. Extrusions pull the sketch normalto the sketch plane, while a revolved feature rotates the sketch around an axis. Sweepingmoves the sketch along a path made up of straight or curved geometry, while lofting usesmultiple sketches to transition from one shape to another. Each sketch is linked to itsresulting feature. If the user goes and edits the sketch, the feature will update to reflect thechange. Normally each sketched feature will require its own sketch.When designing

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michele Wheatly, Wright State University; Nathan Klingbeil, Wright State University; Bor Jang, Wright State University; George Sehi, Sinclair Community College; Richard Jones, Sinclair Community College

will improve student success rates; and concurrent enrollment will prevent the need to rearrange introductory sequences, a process that would significantly disrupt departmental curricula.3. STEM departments will make curriculum adjustments reflecting the added program requirement. In most cases, this will be accomplished through addition of SM 101/ASE 101 to each departmental introductory course-sequence and reduction of allowed free-electives.The final planning component will be identification of 3 faculty members from the CDG (TierOne faculty) who will spend Summer quarter 2007 developing SM 101 course details, recruitingand training graduate and undergraduate teaching assistants (who also will staff the STEM HelpRoom), and

Conference Session

Teaching Methods for the 21st Century: Part 1

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Savage, California Polytechnic State University; Linda Vanasupa, California Polytechnic State University; Jonathan Stolk, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Materials

broader impacts of engineering, enhances systems thinking, reflects sustainable engineeringpractices, and helps prepare students to make an impact in the global community. Project-basedlearning approaches that emphasize student learning rather than instructor teaching may be a keyto successful development of “global engineers.” Evaluations of project-based courses showincreases in student motivation, problem-solving ability, communication and teaming skills,knowledge retention, and capacity for self-directed learning. Despite these reported benefits,curriculum-wide implementations of project-based learning are rare, probably partly due to thetraditional emphasis on technical content acquisition in upper-level courses and a lack of clearmethods

Conference Session

Integrating Research Into Undergraduate ECE Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jan Allebach, Purdue University; Edward Coyle, Purdue University; Joy Krueger, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

semester.Question 1: What are the three most valuable non-technical things you have learned bybeing a member of a VIP Team?When asked, “What are the three most valuable non-technical things you have learned by being amember of a VIP team,” the 19 VIP participants responded with sixty-one (61) authenticcomments reflecting nineteen categories. Seventy-four percent, forty-five (45) of the sixty-one(61) comments, fell within the following seven categories and forty-four percent of thesecomments related to teamwork; a fundamental component to the VIP Program. ‚ Teamwork (20 Comments) ‚ Interpersonal Communication (6) ‚ Public Speaking and Related Skills (5) ‚ Personal Responsibility (4) ‚ Time Management (4) ‚ Problem Solving (3) ‚ Accessing

Conference Session

K-12 Activities

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dean Aslam, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

reflected light and the card is thrown inthe basket in the front (see Figure 8). However, when a white cardis placed on the belt, the sensor receives the reflected light and theRIS is programmed to reverse the motor for 1.5 seconds. Thus, thecard is thrown in the rear basket. The RIS was also used to study Newton's laws in a number ofexperiments (see a sample of a manual for one such experiment inAppendix A). The experiments include distance measurement(Figure 9), velocity measurement, acceleration measurement, valueof gravitation constant, spring constant, etc. A rotation sensorattached to one of the wheels of the robot is used for distancemeasurement. The RIS can be used to measure the area of a circle, a triangle ora shape made of right

Conference Session

Innovative Instruction Strategies in Calculus

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenna Carpenter, Louisiana Tech University; Ruth Ellen Hanna, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

correlate well. Students are permitted to take the ACT multiple times and usetheir highest score for placement. Because our state implemented high-stakes standardizedtesting seven years ago in the public school system for 3rd through 12th grades, many students arenow approaching the ACT with a substantial amount of long-term training and practice in takingstandardized tests. Therefore, we wanted to investigate whether or not the Math ACT score isstill a sufficiently accurate method of placement into Calculus I. In a preliminary study, weexamined whether or not the Math ACT accurately reflects student preparedness for calculus.This study looks at student performance on the initial ALEKS assessment and total hours spentusing ALEKS during the term to

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Drushel, Case Western Reserve University; John Gallagher, Wright State University

each other’s notebooks and to discuss any concerns, especially about notebooksthat scored badly, or which were at grade borderlines.Only three scores show significant grader effects. Differences in extra session entries is entirelydue to the fact that Drushel always recorded this non-graded statistic, Chiel did sometimes butnot consistently, and Beer never did (personal communications). Thus, only the mean value inthe Drushel sample (2.36 ± 0.22, S.E.M.) is a valid indicator of the probable frequency of extrasession records in the entire student population. Differences in the software design and neatnessscores likely reflect professional and personality differences among the three instructors. Sincetheir magnitudes largely offset, and since

Conference Session

Student Misconceptions and Problem Solving Abiltiy

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Prince, Bucknell University; Margot Vigeant, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

understanding in engineering and (3) the lack of inquiry-based educationalmaterials for engineering applications similar to those shown to be effective in physics.Each of these issues can be addressed. For example, there is a growing awareness of the benefitsof active-engagement methods in engineering education as reflected by the literature [1, 14-16].The benefits of active learning have been broadcast with increasing frequency and there are clearsigns that the message is being heard [17].With respect to assessment tools, there has been significant work recently to develop conceptinventories for engineering. Concept inventories provide an excellent example of howassessment practices can lead to improvements in student education [18], because they

Conference Session

Professional Development Programs for Teachers

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelly Bradley, University of Kentucky; Janet Lumpp, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

commitment to studentassessment, and teacher and program accountability, the Kirkpatrick evaluation model provides arigorous way to address the complex demands of today’s professional development models.Successful teacher education initiatives create a set of experiences that encourage participatingteachers to become genuine "learners” in situations intended to model a proposed instructionalapproach.13,14 Like students, teachers must be actively involved in learning, with opportunities todiscuss, reflect upon, and try out instructional approaches. Positive, self-sustaining curricularchanges are most likely to occur when teacher learning takes place within a professionalcommunity that is nurtured and developed from with the school and beyond

Conference Session

Manufacturing Education Program Innovation

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Waldorf, Cal Poly State University; Sema Alptekin, Cal Poly State University; Robert Bjurman, General Motors Global Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

relations effort is needed to make this happen. • Consider alternative program options (5) Among the suggested programmatic changes are to change Manufacturing Engineering from an independent major to a minor or a subfield of Mechanical Engineering and to change the name to Production or Product Engineering.Although the ideas and suggestions collected in all three categories during the brainstormingsession form a very useful template for improvement in the field of manufacturing engineering,many of the ideas were not necessarily new or innovative. Many of the composite ideas are adirect reflection of the ideas that the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology(ABET) have been prescribing in their assessment

Conference Session

FPD6 -- Early Intervention & Retention Programs

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carrie Slater, Virginia Tech; Whitney Edmister, Virginia Tech; Bevlee Watford, Virginia Tech; Jean Kampe, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

participating as mentees increased from 126 in 2004 to 384 in2005. In addition, the number of upper level students serving as mentors jumped from 32 in 2004to 79 in 2005.This paper will outline the design and implementation of a large-scale peermentoring program focusing mostly on the freshman programs of AHORA, BEST, GUEST andWEST. Lessons learned throughout implementation will be discussed as well as the firstsemester Grade Point Averages (GPAs) of first-year students participating in the program.This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under GrantNumber DUE – 0431646. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Gaughran, University of Limerick; Thomas Waldmann, University of Limerick; Niall Seery, University of Limerick

elements fully.Index of Learning StylesThe index of learning styles instrument formulated by Felder and Silverman 12 was usedto form the basis for the research tool. This questionnaire assesses the preferentiallearning styles of students on four dichotomous style dimensions. The slightly modified(due to cultural differences) questionnaire was used to assess students’ preferences for theActive/Reflective, Sensing/Intuitive, Verbal/Visual and Sequential/Global styles13. TheILS instrument comprised of 36 questions, each question gave two possible answers thatwere polarized to each of the styles within that mode. The instrument was scored on thenumeric difference between each opposing style mode, which ascertained the studentspreference for each

Conference Session

Using Teams, Seminars & Research Opportunities for Retention

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carolyn Vallas, University of Virginia; Anaïs Miodek, University of Virginia; Larry Richards, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

researchers.One area in which the REU needs improvement is in recruiting female faculty to work withstudents. There are not many women faculty currently collaborating on the UVa REU (see Table3). Progress in this area is mitigated by the lack of women faculty currently part of the UVaEngineering faculty. This is also reflective of the low proportion of women in Engineeringnationwide. However, female faculty serve as important role models for the participants and it ishelpful to the male as well as the female participants to see a gender balance among theirmentors. The most important aim regarding the faculty remains to have them serve as supportivementors for the participants, regardless of gender or ethnicity, since “faculty can discouragewomen with