Conference Session

Potpourri - Technical Session IV

Collection

2018 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity Conference

Authors

Sandra English, Cleveland State University; Hannah Rosen, Cleveland State University; Anette M. Karlsson, Cleveland State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Veterans

Academy and Women in Engineering Initiatives Fenn Academy • Stimulate and encourage 8th-12th grade students to explore engineering fields • Address the national shortage of students pursuing an engineering degree • Increase the number of underrepresented students • Assist teachers to enhance STEM lessons • Provide information for parents and counselors • Introduce students to college life and undergraduate engineering programBenefits: For Middle School and High Schools • Engineering Activity Day campus events • Engineer for a Day job shadowing program • Women Exploring Engineering program • Summer camp activities • Curriculum consultation • Small grants to teachers for engineering competitions/projects • Participation in

Conference Session

First-Generation Track - Technical Session IV

Collection

2018 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity Conference

Authors

Dina Verdín, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Allison Godwin, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno; Lisa Benson, Clemson University; Geoff Potvin, Florida International University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, First Generation

Engineering Frontiers of Engineering Education Symposium and 2016 New Faculty Fellow for the Frontiers in Engineering Education Annual Conference. She also was an NSF Graduate Research Fellow for her work on female empowerment in engineering which won the National Association for Research in Science Teaching 2015 Outstanding Doctoral Research Award.Dr. Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno Adam Kirn is an Assistant Professor of Engineering Education at University of Nevada, Reno. His re- search focuses on the interactions between engineering cultures, student motivation, and their learning experiences. His projects involve the study of student perceptions, beliefs and attitudes towards becoming engineers, their problem

Collection

2018 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Eric Osborn, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Ali O. Shaban, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Taufik Taufik, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Experiments for Protection and Automation in Microgrid Power Systems California Polytechnic State UniversityAbstractThis project establishes practical laboratory coursework facilitating students to operate,coordinate, and integrate microprocessor protective relays in a low-voltage three-phasemicrogrid system. Three laboratory experiments are developed to serve as the laboratorycomponent to an existing power system protection lecture course. The laboratory courseworkdevelopment is part of the Cal Poly electrical engineering department’s Advanced PowerSystems Initiatives, which aim to modernize power engineering curriculum to more effectivelyeducate power students and prepare them for the rapidly changing power

Collection

2018 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Kevin P Pintong, Oregon Institute of Technology

school and high schoolstudents to pursue STEM majors. It was developed as a community outreach and marketing toolfor Oregon Tech’s Computer Systems Engineering Technology (CSET) department with supportfrom Oregon Tech Commission on College Teaching and Microchip Corporation. This boardwas designed to be a recruiting tool for potential students, and to engage the community inSTEM. Participants can build the board, program the board, and then take the board home forfurther design and exploration. Many activities targeting younger STEM students focused onphysical (Lego Mindstorms or similar) or virtual (coding only). This project was an attempt toincorporate both hardware and software based concepts into one tool.In Spring of 2015, the Owlet board

Collection

2018 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Ann Kowalski, Colorado State University; Christopher Snow Snow

point values were fully representative.On a related note, 42% of students answered ‘yes’ and 30% answered ‘somewhat’ when asked ifthey believed each Canvas homework assignment contained enough opportunity for partial credit.In fact, 31% of students believed the Canvas homework assignments should be worth a largerpercent of their course grade, while only 8% believed they should be worth a smaller percent of thecourse grade (Table 2). Homework is currently worth 16% of the total course grade, with exams,group projects, and attendance making up the remainder.Table 2. Survey questions related to the grading of Canvas homeworks. Should the Canvas quizzes Should the Canvas quizzes

Conference Session

Biomedical Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Orlando Sanguinette Hoilett, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Asem Farooq Aboelzahab, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Erica A. Lott, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Jacqueline Callihan Linnes, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

the pilot study, we would like to ask students who havetaken the lessons in previous cohorts about how the lessons may have impacted them in theirfuture coursework, particularly their design courses. During informal conversations withstudents, at least two have mentioned to the GTA how their outlook on design has beeninfluenced by #FunTimesWithTheTA. Students noted that they took design principles learned in#FunTimesWithTheTA and applied them to their senior design projects. Given the small size ofour initial subject pool, we find these positive comments very encouraging.Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Ms. Attiyya Houston for designing our logo.References[1] C. C. Bonwell and J. A. Eison, Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the

Conference Session

College-Industry Partnerships Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raymond Edward Floyd, Northwest College

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

opportunities forthe industry to evaluate the particular student involved. It also provides the student anexperience to the particular facets of an industry, or multiple industries, if they have not yetdecided on where they wish to begin their career.It is important both to the student and the industry involved that the internship provide “realworld” work, not drawing filing or other paperwork projects which do not apply to the programthe student is following. That is not to say that the student must be given original design work tocomplete, but rather some small segment of design, drawing modification, subroutine algorithmdevelopment, and so forth. The effort must be applicable to the student‟s development, but ableto be completed in the short

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

Schwarz Schwarz

German speaking students – utilize “Rollercoasters” as the medium to learn German technical engineering terms • German 3221 (spring) - Introduction to Science terms in German including Engineering, Math, Physics and Chemistry and also develop a German Resume • German 3222 (fall) – Fields of Technology – special topics in engineering sometimes includes nanotechnology, energy, infrastructure, etc.• German Capstone course • Polish German Language skills • Mentorship of younger Eurotech students • Final Project related to Co-op Experience in Germany Proceedings of the 2018 Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration Copyright ©2018

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

,and striving to form symbiotic partnerships between local industry and academiathrough: capstone projects, theses work with practical overtones, and applied researchprojects in selected domains, is extremely desirable and beneficial. Today, with theengineering profession undergoing dramatic changes on many fronts - there is realneed for faculty and students, to become involved with practical problems and toshare in providing solutions. We owe it to our students to prepare them to meet thechallenges ahead by focusing on real issues derived from tangible situations. Thesurest road to having a working college-industry relation is to come to a mutualunderstanding that both parties would gain from such a relationship.The discussion noted above may

Conference Session

Technical Session VI

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Michelle E Jarvie-Eggart P.E., Michigan Technological University; Laura Kasson Fiss, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

engineers thinking and design series common to all engineeringand is included in the new ABET requirements as Criteria 3, majors (ENG1102). Only students who completed bothStudent Outcomes 3, “ability to communicate effectively ENG1102 and UN1015 within their first year of college andwith a range of audiences” [1]. Many programs focus on earned numerical grades were included in this data set.assessing communication within the context of a final report Additionally, not all incoming students submit ELA ACTor senior design project, at the end of a student’s experience, scores to the University. Only students with both math andbut do not measure incoming students’ baseline ELA ACT scores

Conference Session

Technical Session I

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Courtney June Faber, University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

assess the reasonableness of their numeric answer; and 3) studentsprimarily used online resources to gather information but did not justify the use of their sources.Redesign of Assignment to Scale-up This work is situated within a first-year physics course for engineering students. The course useslectures as the primarily means of instruction with well-structure homework problems following. Thestudents also meet for lab two days a week where they do problem sets, conduct labs related to thelectures, and complete one design project over the course of the semester. For the ill-structured problemassignment, students could pick any physical phenomena to analyze using the principles from thecourse. They were asked to describe the phenomenon

Conference Session

Technical Session II

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Jess W. Everett, Rowan University; Scott Steiner, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

theycannot simply copy answers. Most calculation exercises have an associated practice problemstudent can explore before attempting the scored exercise. Exercises are graded automatically,freeing graders to spend more effort on higher-level assignments, e.g., more sophisticated oropen-ended exercises or reports.Figure 2 is a screenshot of the PathFinder Plan Tab for a Spring 2018 Freshman EngineeringClinic II (FEC II) web-book at a public university in the northeast. FEC II is a second semesterengineering course that introduces students to fundamental engineering concepts such ascustomer-focused design principles, statistics, engineering economics, and engineering ethics. Itis the second in a sequence of four interdisciplinary, hands-on, project

Conference Session

Technical Session IV

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Roger J Marino P.E., Drexel University; Rosie Sullivan, Drexel University; Alison Stoute, Drexel University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

success astudent has in the UNIV 101 course, and the students’ rate of retention at the University.references[1] Going the Distance; Best Practices and Strategies for Retaining Engineering, EngineeringTechnology and Computing Students, [Online] Available:http://www.asee.org/retention-project.2012.(Accessed 18-June-2018)[2] Salzman, N., Ohland, M., “Building Alignment Between Pre-college and First-YearEngineering Programs”, in Proceedings of the 9th First Year Engineering Experience (FYEE)Conference, Daytona Beach, FL. 2017[3] Geisinger, B.N. & Raman, D.R. (2013). Why They Leave: Understanding Student Attritionfrom Engineering Majors. Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Publications Paper 607.[Online] Available: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu

Conference Session

Technical Session I

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Katherine M Ehlert, Clemson University; Marisa K. Orr, Clemson University; Sarah Jane Grigg, Clemson University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

major is? (3) How does this perception of major impact their sense of fit and satisfaction? a. Within engineering in general? b. Within their intended engineering major? (4) How do students view the FYE curriculum related to their intended engineering major?This work is a subset of a larger project that is exploring how students navigate engineeringcurriculum pathways and make adaptive decisions in major choice. Our research team hasdeveloped a survey to evaluate fit, satisfaction, and intent to persist in engineering; however, it isunknown how FYE students are interpreting these prompts in our survey. Therefore, we seek tounderstand how students identify as engineers and how the student’s

Conference Session

Technical Session II

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Jaskirat Sodhi, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

cater specifically tousing student surveys. We also look forward to gathering students, who are taking pre-calculus and are one to twofeedback from other conference attendees about this terms behind the expected starting point [4, 5]. For the firsthands-on lab exercise and hope to refine it further for two offerings of ENGR101 at NJIT, the lab projects donefuture semesters. were virtual simulations (on computer). Starting Fall 2017, we started moving gradually towards more hands-on physicalIndex Terms – Application-oriented, Engineering labs.mathematics, First year introductory course

Conference Session

Technical Session II

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Davida Scharf, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Ashish D Borgaonkar, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jaskirat Sodhi, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

and engagedesign, various engineering disciplines, and how to succeed freshmen students in the variety of real-world engineeringas an engineering student. It is their first opportunity to innovation.begin to think about what type of engineering projects THE IDEAinterest them and ‘try on’ the profession. At the same time itteaches students to use information effectively in a digital In order to get students excited about engineering whileworld and improve aspects such as critical thinking, writing learning about innovative research, we introduced a two-and research skills. part assignment through our required first year

Conference Session

Technical Session II

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Ashish D Borgaonkar, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Thomas Jaworski P.E. P.E., New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jaskirat Sodhi, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

intentions behind the activity were great. I 6 from Step 5 and connect below at last right array. believe it encouraged all students to use real-life Place Part 4 (2x6) under Part 4 problem solving and critical thinking to tackle a project 7 connected in Step 6 and connect at the last right array above. that relates to something that is not theoretical. Parts are not

Conference Session

Technical Session VIII

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Cheryl A Bodnar, Rowan University; Daniel D. Burkey, University of Connecticut; Daniel D. Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Scott Duplicate Streiner, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

-type game as a review session. These can beestablished games introduced to accomplish a certain task, such as a review, or they can bedeveloped to tackle a certain topic. As an example, one of the authors developed a Cards AgainstHumanity style prompt-response game with the theme of engineering ethics [8].Badges/Points/Leaderboards: The BPL approach can be used to incentivize students to learnrequired material or perform optional, extra tasks. Many examples of BPL approaches exist inthe literature, and some examples are evident in mainstream culture, such as Weight Watchers(stay within your point limit; compete with friends). Designing a class around competencies (i.e.public speaking, projects, ethical reasoning) can lend itself to a BPL

Conference Session

Educational & Professional Issues of Strategic Importance to the Civil Engineering Profession and ASCE

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew K Swenty P.E., Virginia Military Institute; Craig N. Musselman, A & E Consulting; Monte L. Phillips P.E., University of North Dakota; L. Robert Smith P.E., American Society of Civil Engineers

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

and structural engineering courses at VMI and enjoys working with the students on bridge related research projects and with the ASCE student chapter.Craig N. Musselman, A & E Consulting Craig N. Musselman, P.E. is a practicing civil and environmental engineer and is the Founder and Pres- ident of CMA Engineers, a consulting engineering firm with offices in New Hampshire and Maine. He holds B.S.C.E. and M.S.C.E. degrees from the University of Massachusetts and has more than 35 years experience in the planning, design and construction administration of public works facilities. Mussel- man is a former member of the New Hampshire Board of Licensure for Professional Engineers and was actively involved in the

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jean L. Bossart, University of Florida; Neelam Bharti, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

FE exam in their senior year of college. At the UFscience and engineering library sponsored workshops, engineering students, especially womenare encouraged to take the steps to become a PE. The workshop includes information onregistering and taking the FE exam and library resources that can help students to prepare for theexam.9. Use social media for awareness building and outreach to women engineering studentsSocial engagement increases women engineering students’ motivation to continue studyingengineering. Combining engineering and community engagement produces more sociallyconscious innovators.12 Using social media to build awareness of engineering projects that havebenefited society helps motivate students, especially women, to study

Conference Session

Practice I: Academic Success

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kirsten A. Davis, Virginia Tech; David Reeping, Virginia Tech; Ashley R. Taylor, Virginia Tech; Cherie D. Edwards, Virginia Tech; Homero Gregorio Murzi, Virginia Tech; David B. Knight, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

assistant for the Center for Enhancement of Engineering Diversity and an advisor for international senior design projects in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Ash- ley received her MS in Mechanical Engineering, MPH in Public Health Education, and BS in Mechanical Engineering from Virginia Tech. Her research interests include broadening participation in engineering, the integration of engineering education and international development, and building capacity in low and middle income countries through inclusive technical education.Dr. Cherie D. Edwards, Virginia Tech Dr. Cherie D. Edwards is a Postdoctoral Associate in Engineering Education at Virginia Tech. She earned her Ph.D. in Educational Research and

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Asad Yousuf, Savannah State University; Mohamad A. Mustafa, Savannah State University; Mir M. Hayder, Savannah State University; Alberto G. De La Cruz; Kisha Renee Cunningham

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

, positionopenings in physics, chemistry, and math are commonly the hardest to fill with qualifiedpersonnel [1]. This disparity has led to a large percentage of STEM teachers with no collegemajor or minor in their main subjects, or they have no complete certification. Among mathteachers, 40% fall into this description, while over 60% of physics, chemistry, and earth scienceteachers do so[2].This concern over STEM shortages is justified as STEM jobs are projected to grow by 13% from2012 - 2022 which is an increase of about 1 million jobs over a 10 year period. Only 5% ofUnited States workers are employed in STEM jobs, but these jobs drive 50% of the UnitedStates’ economic growth. To put this in perspective, for each new software, technology, or lifesciences

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laine Schrewe, Tolles Career and Technical Center

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

and improving the actual enrollment condition should not bediminished. Using this tool at the beginning of a program, when it needs to be reinvented, or as ascheduled maintenance check for your program’s relevance is beneficial to make sure courses arewell aligned with the interests of the students it serves.Paper authored and researched 4 by Laine Schrewe, engineering instructor for Tolles Career and Technical Centerlocated in Jonathan Alder High School, Plain City, Ohio ; March , 2018.Notes: 1. Source: National Girls Collaborative project; https://ngcproject.org/statistics (15% of engineers are women) 2. Claims extrapolated from sample size guidelines table data from https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/sample-size/ 3. Female

Conference Session

Computing Technology Applications-I

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Predrag T. Tosic, University of Idaho; Julie Beeston, University of Idaho

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology

have a student that does not have the assumed prerequisite knowledge.Elliott4 suggests a review of the prerequisite material before delving into new material, howeverthat is not always possible for upper-level classes with a lot of prerequisites because that wouldnot leave enough time to teach the new material.In Computer Science, upper level classes often have group projects following the pattern laid outin the classic book “The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People”2. In that book, Covey2 describes aprogression from dependence to independence, followed by interdependence. This closely mirrorsthe ideal path of a Computer Science student: they start in lower level classes being dependent onthe instructor and the textbook in order to acquire the

Conference Session

Biological & Agricultural Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marybeth Lima, Louisiana State University; Nicholas Patrick Totaro, Louisiana State University

Tagged Divisions

Biological and Agricultural Engineering

courses in the first year sequence, as well as instrumentation andmachine design in biological engineering. Nick also serves as the Undergraduate ProgramCoordinator and the Advisor of the Biological Engineering Student Organization.Marybeth Lima has served on the faculty of the Biological & Agricultural EngineeringDepartment at LSU since 1996. Her research interests include community-based engineeringdesign. Marybeth directs the LSU Community Playground Project, in which college andelementary school students work together to design playgrounds at local schools. Lima wasselected as an ASEE Fellow in 2012.

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alireza Bolhari, Islamic Azad University, Tehran; Azadeh Bolhari P.E., Angelo State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

behavior is higher when one (an agent) perceives that other peoplewould recognize his or her behavior with lower possibility. The following formulademonstrates the equation: CUB≈ 𝑓([𝑃(𝑃𝐷𝑥 )]) where: CUB: Conducting Unethical Behavior Formula 1 P: Possibility PD: Perceived Disclosure of behavior xTo further clarify the mentioned theory, imagine Dr. Jefferson2, a general practitioner, whoworks in the Ministry of Health Affairs. Since the beginning of the project he has beenengaged with the business analysts team in development of a Fraud Detection System (FDS)as a "business person" to clarify system

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Marie Spingola, Virginia Tech Department of Engineering Education

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

summary of thefrequency of all of the variables incorporated within the ASEE papers can be found within Graph2. Frequency of ASEE Papers Incorporating the Key Words product for disability cs curriculm learning disability technology disability participation disability as population design project children elderly k-12 students college age emotional mental disability physical disability 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Graph 2: Frequency of ASEE Papers Incorporating Stated Key WordsDiscussion

Conference Session

Institutional Change

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ashish Agrawal, Virginia Tech; Cassandra J. Groen, Virginia Tech; Amy L. Hermundstad Nave, Virginia Tech; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Tech; Thomas Martin, Virginia Tech; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

interdisciplinary collaboration, design education, communication studies, identity theory and reflective practice. Projects supported by the National Science Foundation include exploring disciplines as cultures, liberatory maker spaces, and a RED grant to increase pathways in ECE for the professional formation of engineers.Prof. Thomas Martin, Virginia Tech Tom Martin is a Professor in the Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Virginia Tech, with courtesy appointments in Computer Science and the School of Architecture + Design. He is the co-director of the Virginia Tech E-textiles Lab and the associate director of the Institute for Creativity, Arts, and Technology. He received his Ph.D. in Electrical and

Conference Session

Undergraduate Peer Educators: Mentoring, Observing, Learning

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; Catherine Anne Hubka, University of New Mexico; Eva Chi, University of New Mexico

Tagged Topics

ASEE Board of Directors

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Paper ID #23301Peer Review and Reflection in Engineering Labs: Writing to Learn and Learn-ing to WriteDr. Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico Dr. Vanessa Svihla is a learning scientist and assistant professor at the University of New Mexico in the Organization, Information & Learning Sciences program, and in the Chemical & Biological Engineering Department. She served as Co-PI on an NSF RET Grant and a USDA NIFA grant, and is currently co-PI on three NSF-funded projects in engineering and computer science education, including a Revolutioniz- ing Engineering Departments project. She was selected as a

Conference Session

Student Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

VJ Tocco, University of Florida; Kevin Buettner; Madeline G Sciullo, University of Florida; Jennifer Sinclair Curtis, University of California, Davis; Jason E. Butler, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Student

Electrical and Computer Engineeringat the University of Florida. Her research is centered on her advisor’s device and processsimulator, Dr. Mark Law Florida Object Oriented Device/Process Simulator (FLOOD/FLOOPS).She has three major projects of which the applications are radiation effects on AlGaN/GaN HighElectron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs), mechanical stress effects of Silicon based Hall magnetic © American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 2018 ASEE Southeastern Section Conferencesensors, and pH chemical/biological sensors on open-gated GaN-based HEMTs. Maddie plans tograduate in August 2018 and is pursuing postdoctoral opportunities.Jennifer S. CurtisJennifer Sinclair Curtis is a