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Displaying results 1501 - 1530 of 1856 in total
Conference Session
PCEE Technical Session 5: STEM Teacher Instructional Moves
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Shaffiq Welji, University of Georgia; James Drimalla, University of Georgia; Aida Alibek, University of Georgia; AnnaMarie Conner; Lorraine Franco; Jenna Menke, University of Georgia; Tim Foutz, University of Georgia; Barbara Crawford
education, including Humanistic studies into engineering education to enhance service learning, Identifying faculty-based specifications for improving instruction and enhancing student success in STEM disciplines and Developing a Collective Argumentation Framework for infusing computer programming into elementary school mathematics. • Teaching Technology to Elementary Students While Teaching Design to Engineering Majors • Connecting and Aligning Teaching, Assessment, and Project-Based Understanding for Learners in the 21st Century: Teachers Empowering All Math and Science Students • Integrating Mathematics, Science and Engineering in Middle Grades • Development of a Instructional Manual for Incorporating Engineering and
Conference Session
WIED: Analysis, Challenges, Success, and Impacts
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Coleen Carrigan, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Liesl Folks, The University of Arizona; LAURENE TUMIEL BERHALTER, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Nancy Schiller, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Paper ID #37615Overcome Gender Discrimination in STEM Using the CaseStudy MethodColeen Carrigan Coleen Carrigan is an Associate Professor of Anthropology and Science, Technology and Society (STS) at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. Using ethnography, she investigates the cultural dimensions of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), with a particular emphasis on Computer Science and Engineering, and why these high-status fields appear impervious to desegregation. Professor Carrigan shares the findings from her research to foster welcoming environments in STEM and help
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Brandon Sorge, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis; Grant Fore, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis; Mangilal Agarwal
. However, when possible, questions were kept as theoriginal or only slightly modified. The nanotechnology and STEM attitudes survey was a modified version of theStudent Attitude Toward Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (S-STEM) instrument developed bythe Friday Institute at North Carolina State [16]. The S-STEM includes scales on attitudes towards mathematics,science, engineering, and technology, 21st century learning skills, and STEM career awareness. For the purposes ofthis project, the mathematics scale was removed and replaced by a nanotechnology focused scale developed duringprevious one-week camps provided for high school students. The nanotechnology scale contains nine questionswhich were modified over its early development
Conference Session
ETD - Technical Session 7 - ET Pedagogy I
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University; Yonghui Wang, Prairie View A&M University; Suxia Cui, Prairie View A&M University; Bugrahan Yalvac, Texas A&M University
Paper ID #36983Shall We Keep Using Zoom etc. after the Pandemic?Wei Zhan (Professor) Dr. Wei Zhan is a Professor of Electronic Systems Engineering Technology at Texas A&M University. Dr. Zhan earned his D.Sc. in Systems Science and Mathematics from Washington University in St. Louis in 1991. From 1991 to 1995, he worked at University of California, San Diego and Wayne State University as a postdoctoral researcher and visiting assistant professor, respectively. From 1995 to 2006, he worked in the automotive industry as a system engineer. In 2006 he joined the Electronic Systems Engineering Technology faculty
Collection
2022 ASEE Illinois-Indiana Section Conference
Authors
Jackson Otto, Purdue University; Greg J Strimel, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)
undergraduate learningin the pursuit of innovation is a cross-college collaborative teaching and learning approach. Thiscollaborative model for teaching undergraduate innovation includes co-teaching and co-learningwith faculty and students across academic units/colleges, over multiple semesters, to foster acommunity of practice to nourish their own innovative ideas and learning of cross-disciplinaryinnovation practices. By bringing together the colleges of liberal arts, business management, andengineering technology, the program attempts to blend the disciplines to promote shared © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 2022 ASEE Illinois-Indiana Section Conference Proceedings | Paper ID 36095practices of innovation that
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Renata Revelo, The University of Illinois at Chicago; Joseph Hummel
Paper ID #38417Early Research Scholars Program at UIC AdjustmentsRenata A Revelo (Clinical Assistant Professor) Renata Revelo is a first-generation college student, migrated from Ecuador to the United States as a teenager with her parents and sister. She is the first in her family to obtain a Ph.D. She is currently a Clinical Associate Professor at the University of Illinois, Chicago in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Her research focuses on shifting the culture of engineering via the study of engineering identity which centers students of color and examines systemic change.Joseph
Collection
2022 ASEE Midwest Section Conference
Authors
Laura P. Ford
controls lab. She advises the Engineers Without Borders – USA chapter and isworking with the Refining Technologies Joint Industry Project. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022
Collection
2022 ASEE - North Central Section Conference
Authors
Tony Lee Kerzmann, University of Pittsburgh; Robert J Kerestes, University of Pittsburgh; Venkata Sai Vishwaknath Reddy Penumalli , University of Pittsburgh; Markos Norman Petkopoulos, University of Pittsburgh
Paper ID #36073Modeling of Electric Vehicle Charging Effects on Existing GridInfrastructureDr. Tony Lee Kerzmann, University of Pittsburgh Dr. Tony Kerzmann’s higher education background began with a Bachelor of Arts in Physics from Duquesne University, as well as a Bachelor’s, Master’s, and PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh. After graduation, Dr. Kerzmann began his career as an assistant professor of Mechanical Engineering at Robert Morris University which afforded him the opportunity to research, teach, and advise in numerous engineering roles. He served as the mechanical coordinator for
Conference Session
CIT Division Technical Session #3
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Bailey Bond-Trittipo, Florida International University; Stephen Secules, Florida International University; Nivedita Kumar, Florida International University; Tiana Solis, Florida International University
. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Future Career Pathway Perceptions of Lower-Income Computing Students Through the Lens of Capital Exchange1. BackgroundWhile significant broadening participation efforts in computing higher education have focusedon gender and race [1]-[3], the experiences of lower-income students in undergraduatecomputing education are as yet underexplored. One major effort focused on lower-incomestudents is the National Science Foundation (NSF) Scholarships in Science, Technology,Engineering, and Mathematics (S-STEM) program, a funding program designed to supportlower-income students to persist and succeed in STEM fields. The
Conference Session
First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 5: Design and Robotics
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kathleen Harper, Case Western Reserve University; Richard Freuler, The Ohio State University
using failure report as a reflective tool in engineering education,”International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning 16(18) 23-27 (2021).[6] A. W. Chickering and Z. F. Gamson, “Seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education,” TheWingspread Journal 9, 1-10, 1987.[7] N. Denzin and Y.S. Lincoln, eds., The Landscape of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications Ltd., 2013.[8] M. Koro-Ljungberg and E. P. Douglas, “State of qualitative research in engineering education: metaanalysis ofJEE articles 2005-2006,” Journal of Engineering Education 97(2) 163-176 (2008).Appendix - Complete Wording of the [Revised] Post-Performance Test ReflectionAssignmentPost-Performance Test Reflection:One of the hallmarks of engineering design is
Conference Session
LEES 7: Experiments in Experiential and Project-Based Learning
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Yi Cao; Jennifer Case, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Jingshen Wu; Bingzhuo Liang
Paper ID #37211Investigating student and faculty perceptions of a newassessment system for Project-Based LearningYi Cao CAO Yi is a Ph.D. student at the Department of engineering education at Virginia Tech under the guidance of Dr. Jennifer M. Case. She had been worked also as a research assistant at the International Center for Higher Education Innovation(ICHEI), a UNESCO Category 2 Center situated in Shenzhen, China, on the premise of the Southern University of Science and Technology for two years. With Yi's bachelor's degree in Standardization of Engineering and master of Higher education, she has been
Conference Session
Thinking Outside the STEM Box: Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division Technical Session 1
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Adam Talamantes; Susan Rowe Rowe; Emily Nicholson; Renee O'Neill, Oregon State University
learning, invention educators can readily enact pedagogical strategies thatbenefit all youth learners.Keywords: Invention Education, Agency, Community-Based Partnerships, Systems Introduction Invention Education (IvE) can transform “how and why” youth learners engage inscience, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) knowledge and practices and fundamentallyimpact how youth experience STEM learning. IvE can also engage youth socially andemotionally because inventing is rooted in real-world, empathetic problem-solving. In addition,IvE positions STEM knowledge and practices as necessary, practical, and applicable to problemsolving for a particular user and/or a community of users. This interpersonal
Conference Session
Materials Division Technical Session 3
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Nutnicha Nigon, Oregon State University; Dana Simionescu, Oregon State University; Thomas Ekstedt, Oregon State University; Julie Tucker; Milo Koretsky, Tufts University
Environmental Engineering at Oregon State University. He is involved in the development of technology-based educational systems, particularly in the areas of concept-based instruction, adaptive learning, and interactive simulation of physical phenomena.Julie Tucker Dr. Tucker earned her B.S. in Nuclear Engineering from the University of Missouri – Rolla. She attended graduate school at the University of Wisconsin – Madison as a Naval Nuclear Propulsion Fellow, where she received her M.S. and Ph.D. in Nuclear Engineering with a minor in Materials Science in 2008. After graduation, Dr. Tucker spent five years as a Principal Scientist at Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady, NY studying the thermal stability of structural
Collection
2022 ASEE Midwest Section Conference
Authors
Gerardo Urdaneta; Jacob Crawford; Andres Dewendt; Zuhanee Khan; Kyle McMillan; Christopher Meyers; Seyed Ehsan Hosseini
gradually explored through more laboratory andfield testing. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 2022 ASEE Midwest Section ConferenceReferences[1] F. Zhang, J. Maddy, Investigation of the challenges and issues of hydrogen and hydrogen fuel cell applications in aviation., (n.d.).[2] J. Wang, R. Jia, J. Liang, C. She, Y.P. Xu, Evaluation of a small drone performance using fuel cell and battery; Constraint and mission analyzes, Energy Reports. 7 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.11.225.[3] Gerardo Urdaneta, Christopher Meyers, Lauren Elizabeth Rogalski, How do drones facilitate human life?, Future Technology . 1 (2022) 7–13.[4] J.R. Nelson, T.H
Collection
2022 ASEE Midwest Section Conference
Authors
Rohit Dua
2022 ASEE Midwest Section Conference Create Your Own WIMP51 Processor: Project Based Experience to Learn Basic Computer Architecture Development and Organizational Skills Rohit Dua Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MOAbstractThe Digital Systems Design course, at Missouri University of Science and Technology (MissouriS&T), concentrates on teaching, sophomore, and junior level students, about design of embeddedsystems using microcontrollers. Most of the course content concentrates on understanding
Conference Session
ECE Division Technical Session 8: Effective Teaching and Learning in Post-Pandemic Classrooms and Other Curricular Innovations
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Asad Azemi, University of Wisconsin - Platteville; Xiaoguang Ma, University of Wisconsin - Platteville; Fang Yang, University of Wisconsin - Plattevile; John Goomey, University of Wisconsin - Platteville; David Andersen, University of Wisconsin - Platteville
Paper ID #37023Teaching and Learning during COVID: Lessons Learned andFuture ImpactsAsad Azemi (Professor) Asad Azemi is a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the department chair at the University of Wisconsin-Platteville. He has received his B.S. degree from UCLA, M.S. degree from Loyola Marymount University, and Ph.D. degree from the University of Arkansas. His professional interests are in nonlinear stochastic systems, signal estimation, biocomputing, engineering design and innovation, and the use of computers and related technologies in undergraduate and graduate education to improve and
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Gustavo Menezes, California State University, Los Angeles; Nancy Warter-Perez, California State University, Los Angeles; Jianyu Dong, California State University, Los Angeles; Corin Bowen, California State University, Los Angeles; Jose Mijares, California State University, Los Angeles; Silvia Heubach, California State University, Los Angeles; Emily Allen, California State University, Los Angeles; Christina Nazar, California State University, Los Angeles; Lizabeth Thompson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Daniel Galvan, California State University, Los Angeles; Eva Schiorring
Paper ID #38389Eco-STEM: Transforming STEM Education using an Asset-based Ecosystem ModelGustavo B Menezes (Professor)Corin L. Bowen (Postdoctoral Researcher) Corin (Corey) Bowen (she/her/hers) is a postdoctoral researcher in the College of Engineering, Computer Science and Technology at California State University, Los Angeles, where she is working on the NSF-funded Eco-STEM project. Her engineering education research focuses on structural oppression in engineering systems, organizing for equitable change, and developing an agenda of Engineering for the Common Good. She conferred her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering
Conference Session
DEED Technical Session 7 Design Mental Frameworks
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Corey Schimpf, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Paper ID #37069Surfacing Students Design Problem Understanding throughSystem Mapping: A Novice-Expert ComparisonCorey T Schimpf (Assistant Professor) Corey Schimpf is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Education at the University at Buffalo, SUNY his lab focuses on engineering design, advancing research methods, and technology innovations to support learning in complex domains. Major research strands include: (1) analyzing how expertise develops in engineering design across the continuum from novice pre-college students to practicing engineers, (2) advancing engineering design research by
Conference Session
Assessment in Mechanics Courses
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Robert Brown, Abilene Christian University; Timothy Kennedy, Abilene Christian University
Engineering and an Associate Professor in the Department of Engineering and Physics at Abilene Christian University. His professional experience has focused on water reuse, water and wastewater treatment. Additionally, he has an interest in point of use treatment technologies for developing regions and how to better prepare students to immediately contribute to the engineering industry. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Work in Progress: Differentiated Learning in a Specifications Grading FrameworkAbstractIn this paper, we document the creation of differentiated learning for discipline
Collection
ASEE-NE 2022
Authors
Bala Maheswaran, Northeastern University; Catherine Costa; Minnah Uddin; Morgan Mica Williams, Northeastern University; Ingrid Alikaj
Paper ID #35993A step towards an inclusive future via piezo generatorsDr. Bala Maheswaran, Northeastern University Bala Maheswaran, PhD College of Engineering 367 Snell Engineering Center Northeastern University Boston, MA 02115Catherine CostaMinnah UddinMs. Morgan Mica Williams, Northeastern UniversityIngrid Alikaj American c Society for Engineering Education, 2022 A Step into an Inclusive Future via Piezo Generators Bala Maheswaran, Catherine Costa, Minnah Uddin, Ingrid Alikaj, and Morgan Williams College of Engineering
Collection
2022 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference
Authors
Amy Voss Farris, Pennsylvania State University; Anna Eunji Kim, Pennsylvania State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
computational models of invisible processes in physical systems (e.g., [8]). As argued by Gupta and colleagues [9], a more complete engineering education alsodemands a deeper focus on the “macroethics” of engineering, including the social, ethical, andpolitical impacts of engineers’ scientific and technological pursuits. However, children and manyadults rarely conceptualize their interactions with machines in ways that are consistent with thecomplex and dynamic nature of machine learning systems [4], [5]. While mechanistic reasoningis often used to account for thinking about the behavior within systems, we also apply amechanistic lens to think about ethical dimensions of the sociopolitical contexts in whichmachine learning systems operate. We
Conference Session
Community Engagement Division Technical Session 1 - STEM Outreach
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kathleen Smits, The University of Texas at Arlington; Michelle Schwartz, The University of Texas at Arlington; Nathaniel Steadman, The University of Texas at Arlington
her M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Colorado School of Mines in 2018. Michelle’s previous research covered numerous topics including the effects of temperature on soil moisture probes, middle school students’ perceptions on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and natural gas leak detection methods. Her current research is on how contaminant perception of artisanal and small-scale mining at different spatial scales influences environmental response and how engineers can work with that information to co-develop socio-technical responses to environmental pollution.Nathaniel Leander Steadman Nathaniel Steadman is an M.S. student at the University of Texas at Arlington studying
Conference Session
Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division Technical Session 2: Instructional/Learning Resources and Pedagogies
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
stavros kalafatis, Texas A&M University; Kevin Nowka, Texas A&M University; John Lusher, Texas A&M University
Paper ID #36734Tools and Methods for enabling senior design classes duringthe COVID19 pandemic and their application to futurechallengesstavros kalafatis Bio – Stavros Kalafatis Stavros Kalafatis studied in Canada and England and obtained by BSc in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Surrey. He completed his MSc degree in Computer Engineering at the University of Arizona. He joined Intel in 1991 as a design engineer and architect in the Pentium-Pro and eventually become the Senior Director responsible for the development of Gen IV and V Intel desktop processors, leading large teams of engineers whose efforts
Collection
2005 GSW
Authors
Randall D. Manteufel; Ramon Rodriguez; Kerry O’Connor; Jason Torres
, “Review of Variable Speed Drive Technology,” Powertec Industrial Corporation. http://powertecmotors.com/AUSde4.pdf. Date not listed.2. Dick Lux-Five Star Electric Motors, “Basics of Electric Motors,” Lecture, UTSA. October 29, 2004.3. Michael Valenti, “Upping the Systems,” Mechanical Engineering. http://www.asme.mondosearch.com/cgi-bin.KERRY O’CONNORKerry is a December 2004 graduate from The University of Texas at San Antonio. His degree is a Bachelors ofScience in Mechanical Engineering. This is his senior group project for ME 4813- Senior Design Project.RAMON RODRIGUEZRamon is a December 2004 graduate from The University of Texas at San Antonio. His degree is a Bachelors ofScience in Mechanical Engineering. This is his senior group
Conference Session
Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division Technical Session 2: Instructional/Learning Resources and Pedagogies
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Rachel Mosier, Oklahoma State University; Carisa Ramming, Oklahoma State University; Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University; Robert Agnew, Oklahoma State University
the Architectural Engineering Division and is the Construction Division Chair.Carisa H Ramming (Associate Professor)Sanjeev Adhikari Dr. Sanjeev Adhikari is faculty from Kennesaw State University. Previously he was faculty at Morehead State University from 2009 to 2016 and faculty at Purdue University – Indianapolis from 2016 to 2019. He completed a Ph.D. degree in civil engineering, focusing on construction management, from Michigan Technological University in 2008. He has an extensive teaching background with 20 years of the academic experience at five different universities. Students and departments have always praised him for his outstanding teaching and research excellence. He has been involved in numerous
Conference Session
Energy Conversion and Conservation Technical Session 5: Strategies for Increasing Classroom Engagement
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kenneth Walz, Madison Area Technical College; Kevin Cooper, Indian River State College; Benjamin Reid; Christopher Baechle, Indian River State College; Christopher Akelian, Cuesta College; Kathleen Alfano, College of the Canyons
Paper ID #36683Supervisory Controls and Data Acquisition InstructionalMaterials and Resources for Energy Education ProgramsKenneth Walz Dr. Walz has been a faculty member at Madison Area Technical College since 2003, teaching science, engineering, and renewable energy technology. He completed his Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin in Environmental Chemistry and Technology, while conducting electrochemical research on lithium-ion batteries with Argonne National Laboratory and Rayovac. Dr. Walz is an alumnus of the Department of Energy Academies Creating Teacher Scientists Program at the National Renewable
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Greg Strimel, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Sherylyn Briller; Douglas Pruim; Todd Kelley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Jung Sohn, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Rebecca Martinez, Purdue Polytechnic Graduate Programs; Jackson Otto
Paper ID #38351Understanding the Values of, and Institutional BarriersToward, Transforming Undergraduate Learning in thePursuit of InnovationGreg J Strimel (Assistant Professor, Engineering/Technology TeacherEducation) Assistant Professor, Technology Leadership & Innovation at Purdue UniversitySherylyn Briller (Professor)Douglas Edward PruimTodd Kelley (Associate Professor)Jung Joo SohnRebecca Martinez © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Understanding the Values of, and Institutional Barriers Toward, Transforming Undergraduate
Collection
2004 GSW
Authors
Roman Taraban; Arne Weigold; Edward E. Anderson; M. P. Sharma
Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at Texas TechUniversity. He received his Ph.D. in cognitive psychology from Carnegie MellonUniversity. His interests are in how undergraduate students learn, and especially, howthey draw meaningful connections in traditional college content materials (e.g.,textbooks, lectures, multi-media).ARNE WEIGOLDArne Weigold is a graduate student in the Experimental Psychology program at TexasTech University.EDWARD E. ANDERSONEdward E. Anderson is Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Texas Tech University,and he is also the Director of the University Teaching, Learning, and Technology Center.His responsibilities at the Center are to train and assist faculty throughout the universityin applying technology
Conference Session
ERM: Find Out More About Faculty!
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Alejandro Espinal; Alejandra Magana, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Camilo Vieira, Fundacion Universidad del Norte
Paper ID #37250Assessment of a professional development program oncomputational thinking for disciplinary teachersAlejandro Espinal Electronic Engineer. PhD Student in Education. Visiting Scholar in the Computer & Information Technology Department at Purdue University. With experience in Computer Science Education. Digital Skills Leader at ICT Ministry of Colombia.Alejandra J. Magana (W.C. Furnas Professor in Enterprise Excellence) Alejandra J. Magana is the W.C. Furnas Professor in Enterprise Excellence in Computer and Information Technology with a courtesy appointment in Engineering Education. She holds a B.E
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Ann Beheler, Center for Occupational Research and Development; Hope Cotner, Center for Occupational Research and Development
Paper ID #38274Developing a Culture of Strategic Employer Engagement andGrant Know-How to Support Innovative Technical ProgramsAnn Beheler Ann Beheler has been in the Information Technology industry for over 30 years, and she currently leads several National Science Foundation grants including the IT Skill Standards 2020 and Beyond project, the National Convergence Technology Center (a National IT Center), and the Building Pathways to Innovation project. All work builds on many previous NSF and DOL grants. Ann has corporate experience at Rockwell, Raytheon and Novell; has led her own consulting firm; created and