Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session - Retaining and Developing Women Faculty

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jamie J Newman, Louisiana Tech University; Mary E Caldorera-Moore, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Topics

ASEE Diversity Committee, Diversity, Engineering Deans Council

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy, Women in Engineering

approached the organizers to get involved in creating a broader series that addressed the interdisciplinary nature of biomedical research. With the growth of the series, the number of people involved and impacted grew too. One of the unique features of this series is that it involves four of the five colleges at Louisiana Tech with at least 10 individual programs participating, creating a truly interdisciplinary seminar series. Over the last three years, faculty and students from biomedical engineering, biology, kinesiology, and chemistry have been polled for seminar speaker recommendations. In turn, those faculty members have been involved in the planning and hosting of their recommended

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Mary Romanella, Texas State University; Clara Novoa, Texas State University, San Marcos

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

liked to build my palaces and convoluted devices which I always fantasized did wondrous things. I would always draw out plans for my projects. The organizational process I did then I can compare to the engineering process which I learned recently two years ago, in a [high school] principles of engineering class. In school I prepared for college, even when I was in 8th grade. I had the forethought to get into the highest classes available. I decided I wanted to take calculus senior year, so I took geometry in summer school in the time between 9th and 10th year. I made plans which I followed through with. The facets of my personality and experience I have will be an asset to your community. This

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 9: Persistence and Retention

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Meeroff, Florida Atlantic University; Donna Chamely-Wiik, Florida Atlantic University; William R. Kwochka, Western Carolina University; Evelyn Marques Frazier, Florida Atlantic University; Jordan Merritt, Florida Atlantic University; Michael Aldarondo-Jeffries, University of Central Florida; Alison I. Morrison-Shetlar, Western Carolina University; Kimberly R. Schneider, University of Central Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

all the variables within the stratified sampling, but the protocol used was the same foreach institution.Program assessmentFormative and summative assessment instruments will be used to evaluate and assess bothproduct and process to provide assessment results within and between institutions and by cohorttype (F-LEARN and T-LEARN). The assessment plan will use a mixed-method approach [3] toassess the effectiveness in fulfilling the desired learning outcomes, which are:1. Fall-to-fall retention, credits earned, GPA, and graduation rates of LEARN® cohorts will be higher when compared to matched intra-institutional comparison control groups2. Students in the program will show developmental gains in critical thinking and oral/written

Conference Session

Work-In-Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kitana M Kaiphanliam, Washington State University; Olivia Reynolds, Washington State University; Jacqueline Gartner Ph.D., Campbell University; Olusola Adesope, Washington State University; Bernard J. Van Wie, Washington State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

novel teaching approach in engineering education because of the many factorsthat go into incorporating writing into a technical classroom. To address these concerns andbarriers, development and research plans for a scaffolded writing pedagogy are described below.Implementation in the Fluid Mechanics ClassroomTo follow the studies that have already been performed by the IUSE group at WSU, the writingpedagogy will be tested in the junior-level, the fluid mechanics and heat transfer course (CHE332) in parallel with the current hands-on learning implementation.i. Targeting Higher Levels in the Cognitive DomainTo target higher levels in the cognitive domain, it is crucial to start with the students’ conceptualfoundation. Identifying common

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Work in Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ariana Gabrielle Tyo, Michigan Technological University; Michelle E. Jarvie-Eggart, Michigan Technological University; Nathan D. Manser, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

material and format are deployed with efficacy [18-19]. Inthis particular study the instructor was female, and as noted by other researchers [20], maycontribute to an overall lower impression of knowledge. However, this defense is furthercomplicated because the graduate student leaders in this study were also female in gender. It ispossible that graduate students, despite being female, were able to develop trust/confidence inthe students through spending more time with them. Normally, the format of the LEAP modelallows for about five hours of planned contact between the leader and their students, but it ispossible that the female leaders made additional time investments. This possibility will alter theinformation that we collect during subsequent

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 15: Perspectives on Engineering Careers and Workplaces

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacqueline Rohde, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Allison Godwin, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

participants’ engineering identity (e.g., “I see myself as an engineer” [18]) and belongingnessin engineering (e.g., “I feel comfortable in engineering” [26]).In the fourth section, participants will identify key individuals and experiences encounteredduring their undergraduate program that were influential in forming the participants’ careerpathways. This information will be used to understand key resources that students may takeadvantage of to plan for the future. Finally, we collect information on participants’ year ofgraduation, undergraduate major, gender, and race/ethnicity. In total, we approximate that thesurvey will take participants 10-15 minutes to complete.Survey DevelopmentThe survey will be distributed to alumni in Summer 2019

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 24: Studies on Socioeconomic Status

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Bovee, Michigan State University; Amalia Krystal Lira, Michigan State University; Harrison Douglas Lawson, Michigan State University; Daina Briedis, Michigan State University; Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia, Michigan State University; S. Patrick Walton, Michigan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

students received scholarships to cover living expenses only (n = 39, 3%).Primary AnalysesFor our first research question, we were interested in the racial/ethnic and gender composition ofthe scholarship recipients as compared to students who did not receive a scholarship. To answerthis question, we conducted two chi-square tests to examine the racial/ethnic and gendercomposition of the scholarship and non-scholarship groups. For our second research question, wewere interested in examining whether there were mean differences in motivation based onwhether or not a student had received a scholarship. While we cannot infer causation, it isinteresting to consider whether the variables are related, and future research is planned to explorethese

Conference Session

T1A: Readiness 1

Collection

2019 FYEE Conference

Authors

Adam Joseph Malecki; Emily Rose Breniser, 2019 FYEE Conference; Alexa L. E. Littman; David Gee, Gannon University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, FYEE Conference - Paper Submission

projectteam had to wait for the arrival of warmer seasonal temperatures. Testing in early summer 2019 inthe Northeastern United States on sunny and/or partly sunny days with outside air temperatures inthe 88-91 oF (31.1-32.8 oC) range revealed that the internal air temperature will approach 115 oF(46.1 oC). This is below the recommended 120-140 oF (49-60 oC) range for dehydration of fruitsand vegetables [5-8]. A simple modification to the current design (i.e., thinner walls) is alreadybeing planned in order to determine if this concept design can generate the required airtemperatures for safe drying for similar outside air temperatures. The dehydration of raw meat is aseparate issue since safe dehydration requires even higher internal temperatures [9

Conference Session

T1B: Developing foundations in Science

Collection

2019 FYEE Conference

Authors

Stephany Coffman-Wolph, University of Texas, Austin; Kimberlyn Gray, West Virginia University Inst. of Tech.; Marcia Pool, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference - Paper Submission

: developing course offering plan, chairing the undergrad- uate curriculum committee, reviewing and approving course articulations for study abroad, serving as Chief Advisor, and representing the department at the college level meetings. She is also engaged with college recruiting and outreach; she coordinates three summer experiences for high school students visit- ing Bioengineering and co-coordinates a weeklong Bioengineering summer camp. She has worked with the Cancer Scholars Program since its inception and has supported events for researcHStart. Most re- cently, she was selected to be an Education Innovation Fellow (EIF) for the Academy for Excellence in Engineering Education (AE3) at UIUC. At the national level, she

Conference Session

M2A: Learning By Design 1

Collection

2019 FYEE Conference

Authors

Breigh Nonte Roszelle, University of Denver

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference - Paper Submission

TAsdue to time and equipment limitations.After receiving their 3D printed parts each group was given access to the engineering machineshop, where they could build their devices using basic hand tools. The groups were then requiredto develop and implement a testing plan to validate and adjust their designs. For their finalpresentations the students had to launch their object in front of the. Each group also completed adesign report that documented their entire design process, including: conceptual designs, designmatrix, final CAD drawings, testing and validation results, and a discussion of their design’sperformance and the changes they would make if given the chance.Post-project evaluation surveys showed that overall the students enjoyed the

Conference Session

International Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pradeep Kashinath Waychal, Western Michigan University; Jayantrao Bhaurao Patil, R. C. Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, India; Pramod Jagan Deore, R. C. Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, India; Suhas Pandit Shukla, R. C. Patel Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

of studies, and course content. Since performance of students in previous examination decides their ability tounderstand topics in current classes, we requested the teachers to study details of the pastperformances of their students (high school courses and performances, therein, performancesat other competitive examinations) and plan their courses accordingly. They introduced teststo assess students’ understanding of pre-requisite topics and developed course plans includingthe use of appropriate pedagogical methods. For each class, the same teacher was responsiblefor both lectures and tutorials, which facilitated more contact time with the students resultingin better academic integration. The teachers prioritized learning (as

Conference Session

International Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Junyi Ying, Shanghai Guanghua College (High School); Cyrus Safai, Salt Lake Community College; Junior Onyeagba, University of Utah; Nick M. Safai, Salt Lake Community College; David Richardson, Salt Lake Community College; Peter Joseph Iles, Salt Lake Community College; Rajan P. Kochambilli, Salt Lake Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

, Electrical, Environmental, Mechanical, Manu-facturing, Bioengineering, Material Science), and as Faculty in the engineering department for the pasttwenty seven years.Industry experience: Consulting; since 1987; Had major or partial role in: I) performing research forindustry, DOE and NSF, and II) in several oil industry or government (DOE, DOD, and NSF) proposals.Performed various consulting tasks from USA for several oil companies (Jawaby Oil Service Co., WAHAOil and Oasis Co., London, England). The responsibilities included production planning, forecastingand reservoir maintenance. This production planning and forecasting consisted of history matching andprediction based on selected drilling. The reservoir maintenance included: water/gas injection

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martina Margaret Moyne, University College Dublin; Maxwell Herman, Harvard University; Conor Walsh P.E., Harvard University; Donal Padraic Holland, University College Dublin

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

discussing class-specific modifications, plans to make the toolpublicly available and to scale the use of DEFT in large numbers of engineering designcourses.1. IntroductionThis poster presents preliminary results from a project aimed at providing a betterunderstanding of how engineering design is taught and learned. The overall aim of the projectis to develop a pedagogical framework to guide the development, evaluation, andimprovement of learning environments for project-based engineering design courses.Project-based design classes are increasingly common in undergraduate engineeringprograms, serving as experiential learning activities. They allow students to apply theirtheoretical knowledge to solve open-ended, ill-structured design problems [1, 2

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexandra M. Pike, Juanita High School

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

(RET) program at the University of Washington’s Center forSensorimotor Neural Engineering. The author’s suburban public high school has ~1600 students,of whom ~40% identify as non-white, ~25% are eligible for free or reduced lunch, and ~25%have IEP or 504 plans or are ELs. The curriculum was designed to meet three objectives: (1) toengage students in an authentic engineering design process in which they make connectionsbetween content learning and solutions to societal issues; (2) to successfully address NGSS andCambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) content standards[8]; and (3) to be feasible for science teachers in terms of time, materials, and expertise.Project DesignThe author chose to embed a neural

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy L. Warren, University of Arkansas; Hayley A. Chandler; Madeline Ludwig, University of Arkansas; Katelyn M. Heath, University of Arkansas; Eric Specking, University of Arkansas

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

positive student experiences, as reflected by survey results, werein the fields of engineering where we either had multiple activities or the camp activities wereespecially interactive or compelling.Future Directions These results from surveys conducted during the pilot year of the SHEcontext-oriented camp appear to indicate that the format is successful and has encouraged us todevelop similar camps for all age levels and populations we reach through our summerprograms. Despite these encouraging results, we have several ideas for future improvement thatwill be implemented in Summer 2018. First, we plan to modify the camp activities to align withthe [state science standards] to both add value for students and for teachers who may wish toimplement

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leo C. Ureel II, Michigan Technological University; Charles Wallace, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

instructor acting as client. Thetechnical toolset developed in introductory courses is brought to bear on a real software problem. Here iswhere the notion of software process – the practice of creating software products in a replicable, reliable way– can be addressed and put into action. Techniques for effective communication are obviously an importantcomponent of this agenda.One advantage of placing our instruction in this context is that Scrum explicitly acknowledges the im-portance of repeated, well-constructed communication. Many of the iconic practices of Scrum - stand-upmeetings, sprint retrospectives, planning poker - are designed to increase discussion, reflection and debate,all of which help to strengthen the software process. The message

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Zheng, Jackson State University; Ye Yuan, Nantong University; Jing Yan, Nanjing Forestry University; Justin R. Allison; Jianjun Yin, Jackson State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

effectiveness of problem-solvingstrategies they had applied [9]. Cook et al. implemented an intervention through providingthe learning strategies through a 50-minute lecture in general chemistry classes [10]. Donawaoffered critical thinking and cognitive tools to minority engineering students [11]. Girgisprovided scaffolding through problem-based instruction in engineering mechanic course andindicated that the one-week long intervention worked out as planned with satisfactory results[12]. The authors of this paper had adopted the scaffolding for creative problem solvingthrough question prompts for freshmen in an entry-level course - University Success 100 atthe authors’ institution. All students registered in this entry-level course were required

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ricky T. Castles, East Carolina University; Evelyn C. Brown, North Carolina State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

students would have the appropriate level of aid for their entire yeareven though the grant funds were ending December 31. This relationship was also very helpfulin removing scholarship funds from students who failed to maintain eligibility and insertingreplacement students to take their place.Inaccessibility of Funds by Transfer StudentsAt ECU there is an increasing trend of more students coming to the university after completingtwo years at a community college instead of coming in as freshmen straight out of high school.In this S-STEM program, students could only receive scholarship funding if they came to theuniversity as freshmen. A team at this university is planning to submit an S-STEM proposal tobuild on the results of this grant that will

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dominic J. Dal Bello, Allan Hancock College

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

21 Transfer 21 Career Planning/Advising 18 Internships 15 Scholarships 14 Student Education Plan (semester schedule 11 Resources on Campus tutoring, health services, MESA, financial aid, etc. 9 Other (write-in): Work/Resumes; Parenting, Life Balance; Stress 4 Management; Transferring out of state; General Pep

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amir Elzawawy , Vaughn College of Aeronautics & Technology; Hossein Rahemi, Vaughn College of Aeronautics & Technology; Yougashwar Budhoo; Shouling He, Vaughn College of Aeronautics & Technology; Margaret Ducharme, Vaughn College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Scholarship program at Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology is afive-year project that started in fall 2012. The Project which is titled “Increasing StudentEnrollment and Achievement in Engineering and Engineering Technology” is focused onincreasing enrollment and retention of talented students in STEM undergraduate education. Theproject included two cohorts; each cohort goes through a four-year plan. In the first year, allscholarship recipients are engaged in learning communities with well-defined projects in appliedengineering such as robot building, truss design, flow visualization and aerodynamics. Thesehands-on modules are intended to assist students in making connections between math andphysics courses and their engineering applications

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dazhi Yang, Boise State University; Steve R. Swasnon; Bhaskar B. C. Chittoori, Boise State University; Youngkyun Baek, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

analysis and Exploring data to find patterns, causes, trends, or results to facilitate therepresentation knowledge construction and problem solving. [14], [16]Simulation and Manipulating data or concepts through controlled programs or exercisesModeling or creating such programs for data manipulations. [14]Communication Written and oral descriptions supported by graphs, visualizations, and computational analysis. [17]For K-12 students, an example of CT revealed in their STEM inquiry could be workingtogether to gather data about different types of earthquakes (i.e., data collection). Anotherexample could be working out a plan to build a robot for detecting life on Mars (e.g.,design, sketch, build

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rhonda K. Young, University of Wyoming; Kristen L. Sanford Bernhardt, Lafayette College; David S. Hurwitz, Oregon State University; Rod E. Turochy P.E., Auburn University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Paper ID #12635What a Systematic Literature Review Tells Us About Transportation Engi-neering EducationDr. Rhonda K Young, University of Wyoming Rhonda Young is an associate professor in the Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering at the University of Wyoming since 2002 and teaches graduate and undergraduate classes in Traffic Operations, Transportation Planning, Transportation Design and Traffic Safety. She completed her master and PhD degrees in Civil Engineering at the University of Washington and undergraduate degree from Oregon State University. Prior to joining the academic field, she worked as a

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruth Ochia P.E., Temple University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

six areas that should be taken intoconsideration when developing course goals: foundational knowledge, application, integration,human dimension, caring, and learning how to learn.6A consideration for our department was that we have several “pathways” or plans of study withinbioengineering, such as biomaterials, biomechanics, tissue engineering, etc. This introductoryBioE course needed to support the educational desires of all bioengineering students as well ashelp those students that were “undecided” or unsure as to which pathway best fit their longer-term career goals.With the redesign, the new goals for BIOE 2001 are: “At the end of the course, students will… I. Be more interested in the bioengineering field so that they can

Conference Session

Computers in Education Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

German Carro Fernandez P.E., Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED); Manuel Castro, Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED) ; Elio Sancristobal, Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED); Francisco Mur Perez, Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Paper ID #11826 as program and planning committees’ member and reviewer and chairman of several ones. He was co- chair of the conference EDUCON 2010 (Engineering Education Conference), TAEE 2010 (Tecnolog´ıas Aplicadas a la Ense˜nanza de la Electr´onica) and ICECE 2005 (International Conference on Engineering and Computer Education). Is co-chair of the conference FIE 2014 (Frontiers in Education Conference) to be organized in Madrid, Spain, by the IEEE and the ASEE. He is co-editor of IEEE-RITA (Revista Iberoamericana de Tecnolog´ıas del Aprendizaje) and of the Electronic Journal of

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Gene Liao

product design and manufacturing process planning. This up-frontdesign analyses by engineers in industry, such as using FEA, has also moved from engineerswith Ph.D.’s to engineers at the M.S. or B.S. degree level. However, most manufacturingengineering students are not exposed to FEA as part of their educational process. It is especiallytrue for manufacturing engineering technology curriculum at Wayne State University (WSU).FEA is now considered by many to be a standard tool for many categories of engineers. Thecommercial FEA code is now a very common numerical tool in stress analysis of mechanicalcomponents, and is widely used in other types of engineering analysis, such as vibrations andthermals. Furthermore, the FEA plays an important role in

Collection

2014 ERC

Authors

Jerry Lee

CSSI Programs and Evaluations (2004-2014) Phase I Launched Program Phase II Launched Program • U54 Renewed • U54 Renewed • R01 • U01 • F32/F33 Program Eval CaNano Plan 2 Program EvalCaNano

Conference Session

Technical Session VI

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Rod B. Foist, California Baptist University; Xuping Xu, California Baptist University; Timothy Gage, California Baptist University; Seth Truitt, California Baptist University; Matthias Hans Schmidt

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

video (and image), sound, in another.” [1]-[2]and touch sensors. In this paper, and a companion paper, Brief “Book Highlights” of the study, available online,we present our own design of two new lab projects (within compares a “linear components” curricular model to theirthe video/image theme). Specifically, this paper reports proposed “spiral model”—using two helpful diagrams [3].on the use of a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)- Chu’s work employs the spiral model by introducingbased embedded processor to control a liquid crystal certain lab component themes (in the freshman year) and laysdisplay (LCD). This approach is contrasted with using a out a plan to revisit them with

Conference Session

Technical Session III

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Mary Fraley, Michigan Technological University; Mary Raber, Michigan Technological University; Gretchen L. Hein, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, FYEE Conference Sessions

modules, each of which introduced a phase target market research, a project management plan, andof the design thinking process – empathy, define, ideate, a concept sketchprototype and test. Utilizing a variety of sources for design- 5. Physical Concept Model (NX 3D Model): a 3D modelthinking curricula, including the Stanford d.school's including working drawings for all components and anTeaching and Learning Studio and Ideo.org's Design Kit, assemblythese modules were designed to facilitate a brief introduction 6. Prototype/Test I (Design Thinking-Based): design teamsto the concept followed by practical application. [6, 7] interviewed potential users regarding their

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Elaine Cooney; Scott Deal; Andrew McNeely; Harry Chaubey

3.5 mm audio engineers 3.5 mm 1/4 in 1/4 in .mp3 .wav Table 1 - SIPOCMeasureThe measure phase focuses on the creation of specifications that allow for the product’sfunctionality to be measured. Requirements that are critical to quality (CTQ) were determinedusing the results of the define phase and a measurement plan was put together to allow for datacollection and future analysis of the CTQ elements.AnalysisThe analysis phase focuses on analyzing the data from the measure phase to determine ifimprovements or

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Mingli He; Debora Gilliard; Rebecca Trammell

4 TR Mean Problem solving 30 49 3.47 Communication skills 30 49 3.45 Understanding schedule impacts 23 48 3.31 Safety including how safety affects business, morale and profitability 22 47 3.28 Planning and scheduling 19 45 3.27 Basic computer skills (file locating, saving, retrieval, internet searching) 20 49 3.22 Develop construction schedules 18 46 3.22