Conference Session

First Year Computing Topics

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lauren E. Johnson, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Nabila A. Bousaba, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; James M. Conrad, University of North Carolina, Charlotte

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

studies focused on children in or past the reverse thinking stage (refer toTable 1), which shows that computer programs are not effective with children not yet at thiscognitive stage of development.8 Embedded ToolsEmbedded tools consist of simple sensors, such as a button, and outputs such as motors, lights,and speakers. These include the categories of adaptive and assistive technologies and the typicaltools of the early childhood education trade – toys. The field of embedded tools is the best form ofcomputers in education for children who are not developmentally ready for the other applications.Baby gyms and play mats are great uses of embedded technology for said cognitive groups.However, some toys still implement developmentally

Conference Session

Industry Collaboration in Construction Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dan Koo, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; J. William White AIA, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Veto Matthew Ray, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Construction

and Technology receiving degrees in Construction Technology, Architectural Technology, and a Masters in Facility Management. His field experience includes residential construction and light commercial. He has been an architectural designer as well as a superintendent for single and multi-family construction projects. Mr. Ray worked as an engi- neering and design manager in the Building Component Manufacturing Industry for over fifteen years. Page 24.423.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Development of Effective Extracurricular Construction Technology

Conference Session

Revitalization of Manufacturing Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ananda Mani Paudel, Metropolitan State University of Denver; Devi Kiran Kalla, Metropolitan State University of Denver

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

developed courses for general public to facilitate the AM education engagement andoutreach4 . Others have introduced AM technology to high school students or teachers. Forexample, Research Experience for Teachers (RET) has trained high school teachers using theanalytical and experimental methods as a short course. It provided them an opportunity tounderstand the technology better by allowing them to examine operational factors and impactsof the respective factors into the print time5. A methodology to use 3D printing as a tool for labinstruction in the machine design course is also presented6. AM content is also integrated as apart of project based learning such as design and fabrication of electric go-kart parts7, design-analyze-build-test project

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Thomas Mason; Arthur Western

Session 2354 The Engineer as Entrepreneur: Education for the 21st Century at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Thomas W. Mason, Arthur B. Western Rose-Hulman Institute of TechnologyAbstractOver the past five years, Rose-Hulman has invested over $40M dollars creating anenvironment to encourage entrepreneurship in its graduates. Components of theeducational, organizational, and physical infrastructure are described. These componentsinclude a course in entrepreneurship, internships with entrepreneurial companies, theTechnology and Entrepreneurship Development (TED) program, Rose-Hulman

Conference Session

Scholarship in Engineering Technology

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Abi Aghayere

Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2005, American Society for Engineering Education 14. Valerie Siriani, Jim Lindholm, Matt Lefevre, Kerin Lee, Abi Aghayere, and Maureen Valentine “Assessing the Impact of the Concrete Canoe and Steel Bridge Competitions on Civil Engineering Technology Students”, ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, Nashville, TN, June 22-25, 2003 15. Mark Benvenuto (2003), “Where is this undergraduate research wave taking us?”, American Journal of Undergraduate Research, Vol. 2, No. 3. 16. (2004), “Mentoring and motivating future researchers”, Engineering Review, Spring, pp. 16-17 17. (2004), “Creating Time for Research Vignettes”, Council of

Conference Session

Robot Mania in Precollegiate Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alisa Gilmore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Bing Chen, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Neal Grandgenett, University of Nebraska, Omaha

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Page 14.1330.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Using Robotics to Equip K-12 Teachers:Silicon Prairie Initiative for Robotics in Information Technology (SPIRIT) Page 14.1330.2IntroductionThe Silicon Prairie Initiative for Robotics in Information Technology (SPIRIT) is a uniquecollaborative effort between the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) College of Engineering,the University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO) College of Education, and the local Omaha PublicSchools (OPS) system. With funding from an NSF ITEST grant, from 2006 – 2008 the initiativerecruited and trained 97 math and science middle school teachers through summer

Conference Session

Best Zone Paper Competition

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Hanson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Patrick Brophy, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Council of Sections

AC 2009-2540: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM TEACHING STUDENTS HOWTO EVALUATE THE REASONABLENESS OF RESULTSJames Hanson, Rose-Hulman Institute of TechnologyPatrick Brophy, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Page 14.969.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009Preliminary Results from Teaching Students How to Evaluate theReasonableness of ResultsJames Hanson, Rose-Hulman Institute of TechnologyPatrick D. Brophy, Ph.D., Rose-Hulman Institute of TechnologyAbstractFor the past two years, the authors have combined training on metacognition with skillsidentified by practitioners to teach undergraduate civil engineering students how to evaluate thereasonableness of structural

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: Design

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Foad Hamidi, University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Shawn Grimes; Stephanie Grimes; Adena Moulton, Digital Harbor Foundation; Andrew Coy, Digital Harbor Foundation

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

All and Nation of Makers. Andrew was also the lead author on the Maryland Access Task Force report to Maryland’s Governor Larry Hogan. His work has been recognized by Baltimore Business Journal, The Daily Record, Forbes Magazine, Baltimore Sun, Education Week, and K12 Magazine. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Scaling Informal Technology Education through Makerspaces1. IntroductionMaking refers to hands-on design, prototyping and fabrication activities conducted by amateurtechnologists, designers, and artists using consumer-grade technologies, such as 3D printers andlow-cost microcomputers and microcontrollers [1, 2]. Maker education models provide multiplepoints of entry for

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Thomas G. Stanford; Donald Keating

-drivenmodel of technology largely set in place in 1945 by the Bush report, “Science: The EndlessFrontier.”1 It is now apparent, after 50 years, that this model is only partially correct. Based on anew understanding of the technology innovation process, it is now evident that technologyinnovation is primarily a deliberate and systematic needs-driven process using the creativeengineering method. Correspondingly, a graduate professional education alternative whichfurthers the growth, learning, and creative development of the nation’s in-place graduateengineers in industry can significantly improve U.S. technological competitiveness. 2. THE RESEARCH DRIVEN MODEL FOR GRADUATE EDUCATIONWhile the research-driven model of graduate education has

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development using Robotics Activities

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abhidipta Mallik, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Sheila Borges Rajguru, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Vikram Kapila, NYU Tandon School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

articles, and 154 conference pa- pers. He has mentored 1 B.S., 35 M.S., and 5 Ph.D. thesis students; 58 undergraduate research students and 11 undergraduate senior design project teams; over 500 K-12 teachers and 118 high school student researchers; and 18 undergraduate GK-12 Fellows and 59 graduate GK-12 Fellows. Moreover, he di- rects K-12 education, training, mentoring, and outreach programs that enrich the STEM education of over 1,000 students annually. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Use of a Design Canvas in a Robotics Workshop and Analysis of its Efficacy (Fundamental)1. IntroductionAdvances in science and technology are shaping every aspect of

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Technology Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alberto Gomez-Rivas, University of Houston-Downtown; George Pincus, University of Houston-Downtown

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Page 12.1306.4Figure 2 presents a view of one of the vehicles included in the study. It is interesting to observethat although the components of the engine are hidden by covers all operational characteristicsrequired for analysis are available through the diagnostics and operations terminal attached to theonboard computer. This a great advantage for educational purposes of modern cars because it isnot necessary to have additional and expensive testing equipment for data acquisition.Figure 3. Vehicle data used for the engine cycle analysis of a Toyota CamryFigure 3 includes all data required for the Otto cycle analysis of the Toyota Camry owned by astudent. The data presented in the figure, Excel rows 4 to 15, was obtained from themanufacture’s

Conference Session

Institutional Capacity and Supportive Structures in Engineering Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert W. Whalin, Jackson State University; Ismael Pagán-Trinidad, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus; Evelyn Villanueva, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center; David W. Pittman PE, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Engineers) Partnership Agreement (1994-date); Principle Investigator of the Education for Im- proving Resiliency of Coastal Infrastructure project under the Coastal Resilience Center of Excellence (CRC) sponsored by the Department of Homeland Security (2016-2020); Cofounder and Member of the Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Education (LACCEI). He earned a BS in Civil Engineering, MS in Civil Engineering (Environmental) at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayag¨uez, and conducted PhD (ABD) studies in Hydrosystems at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1978-82).Ms. Evelyn Villanueva, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Mrs. Evelyn Villanueva is a Special Assistant to the

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Answering a Renewed Call for Action in Engineering TechnologyIntroduction The 2013 Engineering Technology Leadership Institute (ETLI) meeting in Washington,D.C.1 was organized in a bold new format that promises results in addressing EngineeringTechnology (ET) concerns. Holding ETLI in the nation’s capital increases the involvement ofkey members of federal organizations that affect ET’s well-being, thus placing ET in a nationalspotlight. The panelists expressed their views and offered an opportunity for participants todiscuss issues relevant to re-branding ET, global perspectives on educating engineers, the role ofindustry in engineering education, and strategies that expand

Conference Session

ET Graduate Education

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

James Gray

research.Introduction Today’s technological developments, including personal computers and the Internet, haveresulted in dramatic changes in the way people learn. Within the traditional classroom-basededucation and training environment, available technologies such as personal computers and theInternet are being used to enhance the learning experience. Outside of the classroom, thesetechnologies provide opportunity for education and training to occur over large distances at theconvenience of the end user (not time-dependent). These technologies also allow education andtraining to be interactive and selectable based on the immediate needs of the learner

Conference Session

New Approaches to the Development of Online Learning and International Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Batts, East Carolina University; Richard Monroe, East Carolina University; Leslie Pagliari, East Carolina University; Sherion Jackson, East Carolina University; Cheryl McFadden, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

., & Simmons A. (1998). Affinity disciplines and the use of the principles of good practice for undergraduate education. Research in Higher Education, 39(3), 299-318.4. Buckley, K. (2003). How principles of effective online instruction correlate with student perceptions of their learning. Orlando, FL: University of Central Florida.5. Busch, S., & Johnson, S. A. (2005). Professors' Transition to Online Instruction. Distance Learning. 2, 29- 346. Chickering, A. W., & Ehrmann, S. C. (1996). Implementing the seven principles: Technology as a lever. American Association of Higher Education Bulletin.7. Chickering, A., & Gamson, Z. (Eds.). (1987). Seven principles for good practice in undergraduate

Conference Session

New Directions for Engineering Technology

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Osazuwa John Okundaye Jr., Texas A&M University; Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University; Mathew Kuttolamadom, Texas A&M University; Francis Quek, Texas A&M University; Sharon Lynn Chu, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, assistive technology for the blind, human computer interaction, computer vision, and computer graphics. http://teilab.tamu.edu American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Paper ID #32462Dr. Sharon Lynn Chu, University of Florida Dr. Chu received her B.Soc.Sci (1st Class Honors) in Communication and New Media from the National University of Singapore, her MS in Computer Science & Applications and a graduate certifcate in Human- Computer Interaction from Virginia Tech, and her Ph.D in Human-Computer Interaction from Texas A&M University. She is currently an

Conference Session

Sustainability, Diversity, and STEM in Contemporary Energy Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John M. Robertson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Slobodan Petrovic, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

searching. This is the adult learning paradigm. Concept roadblocksuncovered in the search process lead to many requests for explanations. They are usuallyprovided on demand as small ad hoc tutorials. The same issues arise again and again inall the parameter search teams. Student response to the search process is also a gooddiscriminator of personal maturity.It is impossible to show any numerical maturity ratings (figure 6) without generatingcontroversy. That is a large part of its educational purpose. A class may passively accepta theoretical or technology description but defending a number for each parameterrequires personal commitment. The supporting evidence for any rating depends on itssource and the search methodology used. Students quickly

Conference Session

Using Animation and Simulation in ET

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Jay Porter; James Ochoa

microprocessor.In the analog area, students are taught to work with passive components, semiconductor devices, andmore complex analog integrated circuits. They are then asked to use these components to designcircuits such as filters, amplifiers, etc… Because of the applied nature of engineering technology, thesecourses generally have a lab component where concepts taught in the classroom can be reinforced withhands-on experience. Circuits designed on paper are constructed, tested and evaluated. Page 7.816.1 Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright 2002

Conference Session

New Ideas for ChEs I (aka ChE Potpourri)

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Kelly, Oregon State University; Edith Gummer, Northwest Regional Education Laboratory; Philip Harding, Oregon State University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

to thin film materials processing and engineering education. He is interested in integrating technology into effective education practices and in promoting the use of higher level cognitive skills in engineering problem solving. Dr. Koretsky is a six-time Intel Faculty Fellow and has won awards for his work in engineering education at the university and national levels. Page 13.1165.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Teaching Experimental Design using Virtual Laboratories: Development, Implementation and Assessment of the Virtual Bioreactor

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: Workforce Development

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Karen Wosczyna-Birch, CT College of Technology; Wendy Robicheau

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

ca- reers in engineering and technological disciplines. She has presented at numerous conferences throughout the United States and was an invited speaker at the international Gender Summit in Belgium in 2016.Wendy Robicheau Wendy has been Project Manager with the College of Technology – Regional Center for Next Generation Manufacturing since 2012. In that time she has developed a passion for making middle and high school students, faculty and counselors aware of the educational and career pathways that are possible in STEM and manufacturing through various outreach programs. She enjoys organizing outreach initiatives such as student symposiums, counselor workshops, and any other opportunities to spread the word

Conference Session

Capstone Courses and Design Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Trian M. Georgeou, Arizona State University; Scott Danielson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Chell A. Roberts, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

AC 2011-2803: REDESIGN OF OUTBOARD MOTORS FOR USE IN THEGRAND CANYONTrian M. Georgeou, Arizona State UniversityScott Danielson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus Dr. Scott Danielson is the Department Chair of the Engineering Technology Department at Arizona State University and has served in this capacity since 1999. He has been active in ASEE in the Mechanics Division and the Engineering Technology Division, currently serving on the Executive Board of the En- gineering Technology Council. He has also been active in ASME; being awarded the 2009 Ben C. Sparks Medal for excellence in mechanical engineering technology education, serving as a member of the Vi- sion 2030 Task Force, serving as chair elect of

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

Engineers for Social Responsibilityin New Zealand support this idea [65]. In addition, broader initiatives demonstrate thecommitment of engineering to this idea, such as IEEE’s Ethically Aligned Design [67] and theInternet Engineering Task Force and Human Rights [68]. Fostering these feelings of socialresponsibility among engineering students is described more fully below in reference to Article26.Right to Education – Article 26The practices of engineering education itself can be probed in relation to Article 26 on the rightto education. On the plus side, online learning such as massive open online courses (MOOCs)and the use of technology can help expand both access to education and the quality of education[36, 69]. But a broader array of factors

Conference Session

New Directions for ET

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gene L. Harding, Purdue Polytechnic Institute; Stuart P. Raeburn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

problems used in over a dozen ECET courses.Dr. Stuart P. Raeburn, Michigan State University Dr. Raeburn has been involved with instructional technology at Michigan State University for the past two decades. Currently he is affiliated with the Department of Physics & Astronomy as lead developer and release manager for the LON-CAPA Content Management and Assessment system. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 A Course Management System Capable of Handling the Requisite Mathematics and Graphing of Engineering and Technology Problems: LON-CAPAAbstractThis is the second in a series of papers to inform engineering and engineering technology (E/ET)educators

Conference Session

ETD - A Technology Potpourri III

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fredrick Nitterright, Pennsylvania State University, Behrend College; Robert Edwards, Pennsylvania State University, Behrend College; Leeann Reynolds

Paper ID #36444Using a Toaster Oven for a Transient Heat Transfer LabFredrick Nitterright Assistant Teaching Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Technology program at Penn State Behrend. Research interests in include manufacturing technologies and manufacturing cost analysis.Leeann Marie Reynolds © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Using a Toaster Oven for a Transient Heat Transfer LabAbstractAt Penn State Behrend, the heat transfer lab is part of a 4-credit heat transfer course for themechanical

Conference Session

Using graphics in the rest of the engineering courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehmet Emre Bahadir, MURRAY STATE UNIVERSITY

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Paper ID #5943Developing Authentic Projects for a Senior Level Design ClassDr. MEHMET EMRE BAHADIR, MURRAY STATE UNIVERSITY MEHMET EMRE BAHADIR is an Assistant Professor of Industrial Technology at Murray State Univer- sity. His teaching and research interests are in the field of product design and sustainable manufacturing. Page 23.394.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Developing Authentic Projects for a Senior Level Design ClassAbstractAt Murray State University

Conference Session

Professional Graduate Education & Industry

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Stanford, University of South Carolina; Donald Keating, University of South Carolina; Duane Dunlap, Western Carolina University; Roger Olson, Rolls-Royce Corporation

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

Lead Stress Engineer, Rolls-Royce Corporation, and a director of ASEE-College Industry Partnership Division. Page 12.605.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 Enabling the U.S. Engineering Workforce for Technological Innovation: The Role of Competency Based Learning for Professionals1. IntroductionThis is the third of four invited papers prepared for a special panel session of the NationalCollaborative Task Force on Engineering Graduate Education Reform to enable a strong U.S.engineering workforce for competitiveness and national security. As Fred Gary, former vicepresident of General Electric pointed out

Conference Session

Technology-Related Educational Research

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ting-Ting Wu, Graduate School of Technological and Vocational Education, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology; Yueh-Min (Ray) Huang, Cheng-Kung University; Rustam Shadiev, Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Paper ID #15909The Application of Multi-dimensional Learning Portfolios for Exploring theCreativity Learning Behavior in Engineering EducationProf. Ting-Ting Wu, Graduate School of Technological and Vocational Education, National Yunlin Universityof Science and Technology Ting-Ting Wu is currently an Assistant Professor in the Graduate School of Technological and Vocational Education at National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan. She received her Ph.D. degree from the Department of Engineering Science at National Cheng Kung University. She received the MS degree in Information and Learning Technology from

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Heywood, Trinity College-Dublin

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

the operations for which he is responsible. Not all industries acknowledge technicians as such. Thejob, however described, may involve: the design of plant and equipment under the direction of a technologist;supervising the erection and construction and maintenance of plant; testing and surveying; inspection etc”. Exhibit 3. The definition of a technician used in the 1956 White paper.8.3. In sum the intention of developing Colleges of Advanced Technology (CATS as theywere called) was that they would ultimately enjoy a status comparable with that of auniversity. Nevertheless, the government of the day confirmed its intention of creating a dualsystem of education at the highest level and this remained in place until 1992

Conference Session

Technological Literacy for K-12 and for Community College Students: Concepts, Assessment, and Courses

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Randy Libros, Community College of Philadelphia; Kathleen Harter, Community College of Philadelphia

Tagged Divisions

Technological Literacy Constituent Committee

applications that are based on these scientific principles, Page 15.195.6and an understanding of societal issues related to the implementation of these technologies.For students in the ASET curriculum, the course provides an overview of the technology areasthat correspond with the certificate offerings available at the College. It is hoped that the coursewill help students clarify areas of interest for themselves as they make decisions regarding theirfuture studies.Nevertheless, the course was not designed exclusively for ASET students. The course alsosatisfies the College’s general education science requirement. This provides us with theopportunity to

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Electromechanical Engineering Technology

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Max Rabiee

change from the ON to OFF state, orfrom the OFF to ON state, or remain at the same state.In this paper, we will study the use of sequencer functions in programmable logic controllersystems. We will discuss how Sequencer functions are used to control output with multiple steppatterns. Specifically, we will study the use of sequencer functions for the Allen-BradleySLC500 series programmable logic controllers [2]. These sequencer functions are: (1) SQO(Sequencer Output) function, (2) SQI (Sequencer Input) or SQL (Sequencer Load) function, and(3) SQC (Sequencer Compare) function. An Allen-Bradley SLC 500 Series Programmable Logic Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition