Conference Session

Professional Skills and the Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johannes Strobel, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica Cardella, Purdue Engineering Education

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

context of steel mills for the production of tubes and pipes. 5A. ParticipantThe research participant in the first study was a 65-year-old male engineer who holds a B.Sc. inElectrical and Mechanical Engineering. After working as an electrical engineer on radar systemsin the 1960s, he switched in the 1970s to the steel industry and continues to work as anindependent general contractor and consultant. His clients range from small steel millinstallations to large multi-national corporations producing tubes and pipes as their corebusiness. He is considered an expert in turnkey solutions for new steel mills, re-designing andextending existing steel

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Describing the Engineering Student Learning Experience Based on CAEE Findings: Part 1

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Morozov, University of Washington; Deborah Kilgore, University of Washington; Ken Yasuhara, University of Washington; Cynthia Atman, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

of the NSF funded Center for the Advancement of Engineering Education (CAEE). Dr. Atman is a Professor in Industrial Engineering. Her research focuses on design learning and engineering education. Page 13.1061.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Same courses, different outcomes? Variations in Confidence, Experience, and Preparation in Engineering Design AbstractThere is evidence in the literature that women have lower confidence in their skills andknowledge than men, particularly in areas considered crucial for engineering, like math

Conference Session

Design: Content and Context

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Melnyk, United States Military Academy; Daisie Boettner, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

gradereports when compared to using completely holistic or non-structured approaches. Oneadditional piece of advice from this article that could be incorporated into the design course is Page 13.183.7the collaboration with faculty members in the English department to create rubrics that furtheremphasize writing skills.Non-numerical Evaluation Another technique the course directors introduced to the design course was the use of non-numerical grading sheets to evaluate oral presentations. Previously, the course used numericalrubrics that used a point scale to evaluate various aspects of the presentation. Anecdotalevidence indicated that advisors and

Conference Session

Web-Based Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eugene Ressler, U.S. Military Academy; Stephen Ressler, U.S. Military Academy; Catherine Bale, U.S. Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

information, and finallyprovides a home page where the team may log in at any time to submit bridges for judging andsee instantly how the team’s best design is faring in competition.Administrator interface. The contest administrator interface is a separate, secure way to accessthe web site in order to retrieve contest management information, record judging decisions, andpost current official standings. Details of the administrator interface are discussed further below.Its intent is to provide for administration with a minimum investment in hours of effort.Design of the contestWe employed use cases as the primary means for collaboratively envisioning the final system.3For our purposes, a use case is a narrative describing the interaction of actors

Conference Session

ChE: Innovations in the Classroom

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Bullard, North Carolina State University; Richard Felder, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

points, Antoine constants, heats of fusion and vaporization at the normal melting and boiling points, and heat capacity as a function of temperature. If some of these properties are missing for your chosen species, choose a different species with complete physical properties. (b) Several examples of industrial uses of the species. (c) Toxicity data and environmental hazards associated with the species. (d) At least three companies that manufacture the species. (e) Worldwide demand and/or sales. (f) Unit pricing ($/kg, $/gal, etc.) Your figure should reflect bulk pricing, not pricing of small units from laboratory supply firms such as Fisher Scientific.2. From the textbook index, select a topic that begins with

Conference Session

Issues of Outreach and Interest in Engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Meagan C Pollock, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

approximately two hours in length. This paper describes theworkshops conducted, lessons learned, and feedback from both veteran and new Ambassadors.Results from this paper serve as a model for other STEM Speaker’s Bureaus on how to trainambassadors. Page 23.544.2Best Practices ResearchBorrowing from healthcare industry, the best practices model used by Mold and Gregory [12,refer to Table 2 in cited document] has served as a guideline for establishing the best practicesfor a STEM Career Speaker’s Bureau. Their model includes five steps, and Table 1 adapts thosesteps with the procedure for this model.Table 1 Best Practices Research Model [Adapted from 12

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning through Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bridget M. Smyser, Northeastern University; Gregory J Kowalski, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, but do not necessarily teachstudents how to decide when to use a thermocouple, as opposed to another temperaturemeasurement device, or how to properly install a measurement device to avoid experimentalerrors.The idea of redesigning laboratory courses to benefit capstone design has been attemptedpreviously by Folz et. al. In their case, a junior-level materials engineering laboratory coursewas altered to include more engineering design concepts as well as problem solving,collaboration, and communication skills. The teams in this course were assessed during thecourse and showed gains in applying theory to practice. Folz et. al. had planned, but notfinished, assessment of the students after capstone design to determine if the skills learned in

Conference Session

Beyond BS: Issues Affecting Graduate Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zsuzsa Balogh, Metropolitan State University of Denver; Marvin E. Criswell P.E., Colorado State University; Michael A De Miranda, Colorado State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

area of civil engineering,namely the structural engineering profession. It is a step directed towards assisting the structuralengineering profession and the associated educational communities in their planning of theprograms needed to deliver the overall BOK within one of the many practice areas of the civilengineer. Like the ASCE BOK report, this study has given considerable attention to theimportance of the early period in the profession, a time which has many attributes of anapprenticeship, in the preparation of the young professional, as the overall preparation structuralengineer is very much a collaborative effort of the educational programs, the structuralengineering design and construction community, and the overall structural

Conference Session

Engineering Identity 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine E Winters, Virginia Tech; Holly M Matusovich, Virginia Tech; Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University; Ken Yasuhara, University of Washington, Center for Engineering Learning & Teaching (CELT); Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

described above. Focused follow-up studies could provide an"exploded view" of each of the categories of skills described above, as well as how they arerelated to each other and to different aspects of context (e.g., academia vs. industry, R&D vs.designer role). We also note the value of a mixed-methods approach, such as the one we usedhere, for such follow-on work. In our analysis, triangulation of findings across data sources andtypes provided additional insights; had we relied solely on the survey responses, we might nothave recognized the varying definitions of business, teamwork and communication skills at play.Finally, recalling that our study is broadly situated in SCCT and with future intentions towardsadvancing understanding of

Conference Session

Design Based Energy Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer M Peuker, University of Alaska, Anchorage; Steffen Peuker, University of Alaska Anchorage

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

Engineering courses. His work in engineering education focuses on hands-on undergraduate engineering education in the HVAC&R area, student-industry cooperation, and developing innovative ways of merging engineering fundamentals and engineering in practice and research. Dr. Peuker’s educational research also focuses on increasing student retention and success in engineering through a student success focused introduction to engineering course. He is an active member of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers and can be reached at steffen.peuker@gmail.com. Page 23.727.1

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lupita D Montoya, University of Colorado, Boulder; Robyn Sandekian, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

Colorado in May 2011 and began doctoral work in the Higher Education Student Affairs Leadership program there in fall 2011.Dr. Daniel Knight, University of Colorado, Boulder Daniel W. Knight is the engineering assessment specialist at the Integrated Teaching and Learning Pro- gram and Laboratory. He holds a BS in psychology from Louisiana State University, and an MS degree in industrial/organizational psychology and PhD degree in counseling psychology, both from the University of Tennessee. Prior to joining the University of Colorado at Boulder, he gained extensive experience in assessment and teamwork in an engineering education context through the development and evaluation of a team facilitation training course

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John R. Reisel, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Marissa Jablonski, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Ethan Munson, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

) funded FORTE (Fostering Opportunities for Tomorrow’s Engineers) program at UWM. Jablonski is focusing her dissertation on sustainable oxidation of textile waste water and is working to create small-scale waste wa- ter treatment units for cottage textile industries. She trained at the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) in Nagpur, India where she worked on bio-degradation of azo dye interme- diates. Jablonski served as co-chair of UWM’s student chapter of Engineers Without Borders for two years after its inception in 2007. She continues to help design and implement water distribution projects in Guatemala. Jablonski was a 2012 recipient of NSF’s EAPSI fellowship in China; a 2008 recipient

Conference Session

Minority Student Success

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Terrell Lamont Strayhorn, Ohio State University; Leroy L. Long III, Ohio State University; Joseph A Kitchen, Ohio State University; Michael Steven Williams, Ohio State University; Meg E. Stentz, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

fields.8,9 Moreover, research also demonstrates the importance of pre-college preparationin the success of minority students enrolled in college STEM majors.10 Yet, our understandingfor men of color is still limited.Despite existing research on the role that academic and social factors play in the success ofundergraduates in general, and STEM undergraduates in particular, few contemporary studiesexamine the academic and social experiences of AA and LA men majoring in engineering orclosely related STEM fields at predominantly White institutions (PWIs), who are likely to facerelatively unique social challenges in college11 and sociocultural barriers (e.g., value conflictsbetween collaboration and competition) in engineering.12 To fill this gap

Conference Session

Mathematics in the Transition

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

William Robinson; Demetris Geddis; Adam Austin; Donna Llewellyn; Marion Usselman

ofengineering to demonstrate specific principles in algebra and trigonometry. The laboratoryexercises that follow are the result of this collaboration between engineering graduate studentsand high school mathematics teachers.4. Laboratory Activities for AlgebraThe National Council of Teachers of Mathematics states, “The proposed algebra curriculum willmove away from a tight focus on manipulative facility to include a greater emphasis onconceptual understanding, on algebra as a means of representation, and on algebraic methods asa problem-solving tool.”[4] In support of this curriculum standard, we developed andimplemented laboratory activities at Marietta High School[12]. For the 2002-03 academic year,the school had approximately 1880 students with

Conference Session

Hands-on Laboratory and Design Experiences in Environmental Engineering

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Parhum Delgoshaei, Virginia Tech; Vinod K. Lohani, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

AC 2012-4759: IMPLEMENTING A REAL-TIME WATER AND WEATHERQUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM WITH APPLICATIONS IN SUSTAIN-ABILITY EDUCATIONMr. Parhum Delgoshaei, Virginia Tech Parhum Delgoshaei is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Engineering Education at Virginia Tech. His research interests include design and implementation of real-time monitoring and control systems with applications in energy and environmental sustainability education and developing sustainability cur- riculum.Dr. Vinod K. Lohani, Virginia Tech Vinod K. Lohani is a professor at Virginia Tech’s Engineering Education Department. His research inter- ests are in engineering education, hydrology, and international collaboration

Conference Session

Assessment in Graphics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Delahunty, University of Limerick; Niall Seery, University of Limerick; Raymond Lynch, University of Limerick; Diarmaid Lane, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

sessionsthat were abstract in nature and required a significant element of exploration andvisualisation. A sample of these problems, problems taken from m Graphics in Design andCommunication 16 can be seen in figure 2. These problems coupled with teaching strategiessuch as group collaboration, peer teaching and peer peer assessment aimed to develop deductivereasoning capacity and communication skills. In order to assess the standard of spatialreasoning skills relating to mental rotations among the ITTE students, the Purdue SpatialVisualisation Test (PSVT) was employed as the second ability indicator within the module.The reason on for its use was to provide a

Conference Session

The Role of Engineering in Integrated STEM--uh STEAM--uh Education!

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bettina J. Casad, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Mariappan Jawaharlal, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

AC 2012-3665: LEARNING THROUGH GUIDED DISCOVERY: AN EN-GAGING APPROACH TO K-12 STEM EDUCATIONDr. Bettina J. Casad, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Bettina J. Casad’s training is in social psychology with specialization in social cognition and intergroup relations. With grant funding from the National Institutes of Health, she is currently investigating the psy- chological, cultural, and educational factors that predict college women’s performance in STEM majors. She collaborates with engineering and science faculty on evaluating the effectiveness of robotics educa- tion and undergraduate research training programs and research teams. She has expertise in experimental design, survey methodology, and

Conference Session

Online Learning

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan L. Miertschin, University of Houston (CoT); Carole E. Goodson, University of Houston; Barbara L. Stewart, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

very long” (p. 3)10 Time tasks that are repeated in your routine until you can accurately estimate how long they will take Delegate work – consider that your personal skill sets are (Morgenstern, 2004)11 not the most appropriate for a particular task Identify goals (needs and wants) Prioritize goals (Therese H. Macan, Shahani, Allocate time to goal tasks accordingly Dipboye, & Phillips, 1990)12Why do people need techniques and advice for managing time? Time is a finite resource. Itexists beside other finite resources such as money, energy, and talent. Profit models for variedbusiness and industrial sectors attempt to balance the use of a set of finite

Conference Session

Innovations in First Year Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Lewis, University of Louisville; Jeffrey Hieb, University of Louisville; David Wheatley, University of Louisville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

for process control systems, secure operating systems, Tablet PCs in education, and engineering education.David Wheatley, University of Louisville David Wheatley, Sr. is a Ph.D., P.E. Chemical Engineer with 28 years industrial experience with the DuPont Company, where he held positions in process/product research, plant technical support and process design and implementation. Retired from DuPont, he is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Fundamentals at the University of Louisville, Speed School of Engineering. His current academic interests include the areas of chemical process control and engineering education

Conference Session

Gender and Minority Issues in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Edginton Bigelow, University of Dayton; Gail Wheatley, Edheads; David Tomasko, The Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Science &Technology Standards. This resource helps maximize the learning experience when accompaniedby additional facilitation, through either formal or informal settings.Methods of AssessmentTo assess the impact of the web-based experience on Grades 6-8, pre- and post-activitysummative measures were taken using a web-based survey. In collaboration with a local schooldistrict and during conduction of regular classes, 162 students participated in the survey tomeasure knowledge and perceptions about engineering and engineering-related careers prior toparticipation in the Design a Cell Phone web-based experience.The survey presented prior to the experience included six questions meant to test students’knowledge of engineered design and the

Conference Session

Engaging Students in Learning

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

HuiRu Shih, Jackson State University; Wei Zheng, Jackson State University; Tzusheng Pei, Jackson State University; Gordon Skelton, Jackson State University; Evelyn Leggette, Jackson State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2010-158: INTEGRATING SELF-REGULATED LEARNING INSTRUCTION INA DIGITAL LOGIC COURSEHuiRu Shih, Jackson State University Dr. HuiRu (H.R.) Shih is a Professor of Technology at Jackson State University (JSU). He received his Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Missouri. Dr. Shih is a registered professional engineer and a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).Wei Zheng, Jackson State University Dr. Wei Zheng is an Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering at Jackson State University. He received his Ph.D. degree in Civil Engineering from University of Wisconsin-Madison and has over 10-year industrial experience.Tzusheng Pei , Jackson State

Conference Session

Technological Literacy and K-12 Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vaneshette Henderson, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge; Kelly Rusch, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge; Brenda Nixon, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge; Warren Waggenspack, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

5.88 11.76 17.65 64.71HSTEAP expectations in the classroom.My partner and I collaborate frequently to include both 11.76 11.76 17.65 23.53 35.29math and science content in HSTEAP lessons.I have some reservations about being able to accomplishthe assigned task of developing lesson plans with 11.76 17.65 29.41 11.76 29.41engineering applications.I have had difficulty connecting my lessons to the GLEs. 41.18 23.53 17.65 17.65I have enjoyed implementing the engineering lessons in 5.88 17.65 23.53 47.06 5.88my classroom.My students have enjoyed

Conference Session

Design Projects across the Curriculum

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Warners, Western Michigan University; Britney Richmond, Western Michigan University; Adam Eaton, Western Michigan University; Andrew Kline, Western Michigan University; Betsy Aller, Western Michigan University; Edmund Tsang, Western Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

stage of the engineering design process, from initial design to finalproduct. The team was able to develop customer relation and industry networking skills whichallowed them to discover their own talents while working as a team to accomplish a commongoal.The devices created were successful in displaying the concepts of the optical properties of lightin a way that was both understandable and enjoyable to middle school students. As the projectprogressed, the initial design was refined at each stage to better suit the needs of the teacher andthe classroom setting. The final design used for rapid manufacturing was the culmination of allthe feedback received, the analysis of the classroom testing results, and the consideration of thecapabilities of

Conference Session

Software and Hardware for Educators II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel McCarthy, University of Wyoming; Cameron Wright, University of Wyoming; Steven Barrett, University of Wyoming; Jerry Hamann, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

isnot the only purpose for the lab exercises in EE2390. These lab exercises also expose students tohardware, software and hardware description languages used by industry professionals.6–8 Someof these include: • Verilog hardware description language, • Xilinx electronic design automation (EDA) software, • Xilinx 95108 CPLD, • CUPL hardware description language, • Atmel WinCUPL software, and • Atmel ATF22V10 PLD.The primary reason for creating a new set of lab exercises for EE2390 was to “push” the studentsto a higher level of understanding. The previous version of the lab exercises was created whena previous edition of the text book was used; in that edition the coverage of Verilog was notas extensive nor were there as many examples

Conference Session

Experiential Learning in BME

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michele Wabler, Clemson University; Estefania Alvarez, Clemson University; John DesJardins, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

fundamental engineering and life sciences and 3) to train a workforce to sustain agrowing bioengineering industry in the United States and participate in the economicdevelopment of the State of South Carolina. To assist in accomplishing these goals, theDepartment of Bioengineering participates in a university-wide program known as CreativeInquiry3. This program, unique to Clemson University, was developed to allow small teams ofstudents to study problems stemming from curiosity, a professor’s challenge, or simply the needsof the world around them. With more than 250 projects currently active, programs are availableto every undergraduate student at all levels, and new projects are welcomed and encouraged. Afaculty advisor, who leads the group and

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerri Phillips, West Virginia University; Giampiero Campa, The MathWorks, Inc.; Srikanth Gururajan, West Virginia University; Marcello Napolitano, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

. degree in Robotics and Automation (2000), from the University of Pisa, Italy. He has also worked at the Industrial Control Centre, Strathclyde University, UK, (1995) and at the Department of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA (1999). From 2000 to 2008 he served as faculty in the Flight Control Group at the Department of Aerospace Engineering , West Virginia University. His research at WVU involved system identification, sensor fusion, fault tolerant systems, machine vision, and adaptive and nonlinear control, especially applied to UAVs. He joined the Mathworks in 2009, where he currently works as a Technical Evangelist for the west coast area.Srikanth

Conference Session

Modeling Student Data

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jordana Hoegh, Purdue University; Alice Pawley, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

include work-family balance, mental health, self and identity, social psychology, and life course. Jordana hopes her research will illuminate the positive ways women balance motherhood and career. Email: jhoegh@purdue.edu.Alice Pawley, Purdue University Alice Pawley is an assistant professor in the School of Engineering Education and an affiliate faculty member in the Women’s Studies Program at Purdue University. Dr. Pawley has a B.Eng. in chemical engineering from McGill University, and an M.S. and Ph.D. in industrial engineering with a Ph.D. minor in women’s studies from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She is co-PI on Purdue University’s ADVANCE initiative, through which she is

Conference Session

Conceptual Learning

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tameka Clarke Douglas, Purdue University; Aidsa Santiago Roman, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez; Ruth Streveler, Purdue Universtiy

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Aidsa I. Santiago Román is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Science and Materials and the Director of the Strategic Engineering Education Development (SEED) Office at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus (UPRM). Dr. Santiago earned a BA (1996) and MS (2000) in Industrial Engineering from UPRM, and Ph.D. (2009) in Engineering Education from Purdue University. Her primary research interest is investigating students’ understanding of difficult concepts in engineering science with underrepresented populations. She also teaches introductory engineering courses such as Problem Solving and Computer Programming, Statics, and

Conference Session

Teaching Teaming Skills Through Design

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Gul Okudan; Madara Ogot

task durations. A modified WBS with partially populated planned start dates andautomatically calculated end dates is illustrated in Figure 3.b. PMW: The Gantt Chart/MilestoneThe Gantt Chart is the most widely used method in industry for project scheduling andprogress monitoring. Its advantages include: 1. Direct correlation of tasks with duration of time. 2. Straightforward integration of sub-tasks having separate scheduling charts. 3. Flexible time units ranging from daily to annual. 4. Visual representation for quick assessment of project progress.The milestone chart is similar to the Gantt chart in structure, except only symbolssignifying the completion of a major task are included. There is no indication of taskinitiation

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Jess Everett

the “traditional” paradigm wherein courses frequently stand as independent entities with no apparent connection. Also, the project allows students to develop a professional design portfolio that can be presented to perspective employers, be used as a valuable reference for future design tasks, or be used as part of CEES’s outcomes-based assessment. Furthermore, Sooner City provides a natural forum for incorporating other pedagogical reform initiatives, such as just-in-time learning, collaborative learning, and laptop computing. The primary goal of the project is to produce graduates who can consistently think at a higher level, and who are thus capable of handling open-ended design