Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carrie Steinlicht, South Dakota State University; Byron G. Garry, South Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Paper ID #8820Capstone project challenges: How industry sponsored projects offer newlearning experiencesDr. Carrie Steinlicht, South Dakota State University Dr. Carrie Steinlicht is an Asst. Professor of Operations Management. She has directed many Capstone projects with Industry partners for students in Manufacturing Engineering Technology and Operations Management. She has several years of industry experience as an advanced development engineer and has served as a consultant to industry for over 10 years.Prof. Byron G. Garry, South Dakota State University Byron Garry is an Associate Professor of Electronics Technology

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hosni I. Abu-Mulaweh, Purdue University, Fort Wayne; Nusaybah Abu-Mulaweh, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Lafayette Nusaybah Abu-Mulaweh is a Continuing Lecturer in the Engineering Projects In Community Service (EPICS) Program at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. She received her Bachelors of Science in Computer Engineering from Purdue University Fort Wayne, and received her Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. She is currently pursuing her PhD in Engineering Education at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 Case Study: Industry Sponsored Mechanical Engineering Capstone Senior Design ProgramAbstractIn our mechanical engineering program

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ibrahim F. Zeid, Northeastern University; Marina Bograd, MassBay Community College; Chitra Javdekar, Mass Bay Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Paper ID #19534A Collaborative Capstone Industry Project for Community College StudentsDr. Ibrahim F. Zeid, Northeastern University Ibrahim Zaid is a professor of mechanical, industrial, and manufacturing engineering at Northeastern Uni- versity. He received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Akron. Zeid has an international background. He received his B.S. (with highest honor) and M.S. from Cairo University in Egypt. He has received var- ious honors and awards both in Egypt and the United States. He is the recipient of both the Northeastern Excellence in Teaching Award and the SAE Ralph R. Teetor National Educational

Conference Session

Experiential Learning Programs and the Transition to Industry

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin Edin Grimheden, Royal Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

AC 2012-4679: MUTUAL LEARNING EXPERIENCES: MECHATRONICSCAPSTONE COURSE PROJECTS-BASED ON SCRUMDr. Martin Edin Grimheden, Royal Institute of Technology Martin Edin Grimheden currently holds a position as Associate Professor at KTH and is the Director of Mechatronics Education at KTH. Page 25.963.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012Mutual learning experiences – mechatronics capstone course projects based on Scrum1. IntroductionThe Mechatronics capstone course has been given at KTH Royal institute of Technologysince early 1980s. The 2011 instance of the

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

George Stefanek, Purdue University Northwest

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

client, the transition to the client, post transition status, and any lessonslearned. A survey of client experiences with Capstone projects is summarized in Table 1.BackgroundThe development of mobile apps in Capstone projects using student teams has been studied byseveral researchers. Pinchot (2018) had focused on the incorporation of user-centered design,communications skills and teamwork for mobile development as a project model. It was foundthat focusing on these areas helped the teams complete the project with a working mobile app.User-centered design was included as a requirement. Using a pair programming model helped indevelopment with the emphasis of having each team member contribute as equally as possible tothe work. The split in work

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bryan Knakiewicz, Savannah State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Paper ID #20603A methodology for civil engineering technology senior capstone projects withpublic, private, and federal agency collaboration to assist underserved com-munitiesDr. Bryan Knakiewicz, Savannah State University Dr. Knakiewicz has seven years of field experience as an Interior Systems Estimator, Construction Crew Supervisor, Municipal Engineer/Inspector, and small business owner. As an Engineer and Inspector for the Village of Dundee, MI from 2006-2010, he managed projects relating to the design, construction, and reconstruction of subdivisions, roadways, public utilities, and site plans, including the Village of

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jen Symons, University of Portland; Kate Rohl, University of Portland

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

capstone programs may enhance student learning and engagement. For students, industry partnerships in capstone are seen as providing an intersection ofstudents’ academic learning and their future careers in industry. Our institution supportssponsored projects that can prepare students to approach open-ended problems, improve designand communication skills, incorporate stakeholder needs, and work effectively on teams. Theconnections they build with industry partners can also be the beginning of a professionalnetwork. Furthermore, experience working on a real-life project can help students identify orclarify their career path within engineering. For engineering programs, these industry partners can serve as a resource to benefit

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas H. DeAgostino, Trine University, Innovation One; Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University; M. Brian Thomas, Trine University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

responsibilities as Di- rector, he also teaches machine design, and advises senior design capstone projects. His research interests include integration of industry and academia, and utilization of project based (experiential) learning to enhance the applicability of learning.Dr. Vukica Jovanovic, Old Dominion University Dr. Jovanovic is currently serving as Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering Technology De- partment, Frank Batten College of Engineering and Technology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA. Prior to joining ODU’s Engineering Technology Department Dr. Jovanovic was teaching at Trine Uni- versity, Angola, Indiana at Design Engineering Technology Department. Before Trine, she was working as an

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Shruti Misra, Unviersity of Washington; Denise Wilson, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

pervasiveness of capstoneprograms that partner with external sponsors to provide a “real-world” design experience tostudents. In this vein, the industry-sponsored Engineering Innovation and Entrepreneurship(ENGINE) capstone program was established at the Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering at a large research university in the US. ENGINE is designed to provide a holisticand professional engineering experience to students in an educational setting, where studentteams work on a six-month long project under the guidance of an industry and a faculty mentor.The program is overseen by a course instructor and teaching assistants who manage the coursestructure and expectations.This study compares student experiences in ENGINE during remote

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lori M Houghtalen, Abilene Christian University; Timothy Kennedy P.E., Abilene Christian University; Raymond Earl Smith, Abilene Christian University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

. Entering the 2015-2016 academic year,program faculty envisioned a capstone design experience that would engage student teams in ayear-long, professional level design project sponsored by an industry client. The first two yearsof the capstone design program have been inarguably successful, and in this paper we identifyand reflect on the keys to our success. The intention for writing this paper is to ensure thesuccess of the program is repeatable, and to assist other programs, especially those residing insmall liberal arts universities, in starting or revising their own senior design experience.Our key factors in assembling a successful industry-sponsored capstone design program havebeen: (1) faculty buy-in and involvement, (2) engaged industry

Conference Session

Experiential Learning Programs and the Transition to Industry

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Taylor Halverson, Brigham Young University; Robert H. Todd, Brigham Young University; Christopher A. Mattson, Brigham Young University; Gregg M. Warnick, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Young UniversityGregg M. Warnick, Brigham Young University Gregg M. Warnick is the External Relations and Intern Coordinator for the Mechanical Engineering de- partment in the Ira A. Fulton College of Engineering and Technology at BYU. He works directly with industry each year to recruit more than 30 funded Capstone projects and provides project management, team development, and coaching support to each of these project teams and faculty coaches. In ad- dition, he continues to focus on increasing international project opportunities for students and faculty. His research and teaching interests include globalization, project management, leadership, ethics, and manufacturing processes. Prior to joining BYU, Gregg worked

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles E. Baukal Jr. P.E., John Zink Hamworthy Combustion; Andrew Walter; Bethany Dickie

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

unique partnership because the industryadvisor was an adjunct instructor at the university and one of the university team members wasan intern at the company before and during the project, working for the industry advisor. Theindustry advisor also taught all three senior design team members in two different mechanicalengineering courses in their junior year. This capstone project involved redesigning a simulatorwhich was originally a senior design project at two other institutions. The improved designcorrected some of the original design issues and added many new features. The very closecollaboration between the industry advisor and the university intern made this a particularlysuccessful and award-winning project. However, despite the intimate

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Simeon Ntafos, University of Texas, Dallas

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Engineering Education, 2017An Evaluation of Two Industry-Defined Senior Design Project ProgramsIntroduction.Engineering curricula typically include a capstone senior design class in which students engagein a realistic team project that aims to integrate knowledge gained in previous classes andsimulates real workplace conditions. We report on the experience at a large EngineeringSchool with two distinct industry-defined senior design project programs, one initiated in 2005for Software Engineering majors (SE Design) and the other in 2009 for all the other majors in theSchool (UTDesign). In both programs participating company sponsors provide the project, ownany intellectual property that derives from it, contribute an employee from their technical

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert J. Durkin, Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis; Paul Yearling P.E., Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Paper ID #21213Statistical Methods Can Confirm Industry-sponsored University Design ProjectResultsProf. Robert J. Durkin, Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis Mr. Durkin teaches courses in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology; including the capstone design and independent study projects. He serves as a Faculty Senator, and earned the 2013 Outstand- ing Teacher Award and the 2017 Trustees Teaching Award. He has over 25 years of engineering and manufacturing experience including; design, project management, and various engineering, research and manufacturing leadership roles. He has been awarded

Conference Session

College-Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session I: Students

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Niranjan Hemant Desai, Purdue University North Central; George Stefanek, Purdue University, North Central

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

, there exists one significant drawback: fresh graduatesare unskilled at the process of representing real-world systems as idealized models that can besubsequently analyzed using theoretical textbook principles. This conclusion was based uponanecdotal feedback received from employers and freshly graduated engineers. This anecdotalfeedback was enough to initiate a more formal process to explore the transition from theclassroom to the real-world for an engineer or technologist.The capstone course, where students do projects with industry, attempts to fill in the voidbetween theory and practice. However, based upon feedback from fresh engineering graduates, itdoes not perform an optimum job of doing so since it is a single course taken during the

Conference Session

Stimulating Broader Industrial Participation in Undergraduate Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Schuster, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

AC 2011-2872: AN INDUSTRY-UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIP CASE STUDYPeter Schuster, California Polytechnic State University Peter Schuster is an Associate Professor in the Mechanical Engineering department at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. His areas of interest include design, stress analysis, and biomechanics. Page 22.176.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 An Industry-University Partnership Case StudyAbstractAt many universities, senior undergraduate mechanical engineers work in teams on industry-sponsored capstone design projects. These projects provide an excellent

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Angolia, East Carolina University; John Pickard, East Carolina University; Leslie Pagliari, East Carolina University; Charles J Lesko Jr., East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

experience through internships, co-ops, and capstone projects with industry partners. Page 24.246.2The remainder of this paper will discuss each of these four strategic directions.2. Faculty engaged as consultants to industryPart of the University mission includes regional economic development, which requires buildingeffective industry partnerships through the involvement of the faculty. To encourage faculty-industry collaboration, the College created the Center for Innovation in Technology andEngineering (CITE). CITE’s primary mission is to provide access to college resources forbusinesses and the industrial community. Encouraging faculty to leave

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aaron Carpenter, Wentworth Institute of Technology; James R McCusker PhD, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Durga Suresh, Wentworth Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

with an array of interdisciplinary design courses that range from introductory to capstone courses.Prof. Durga Suresh, Wentworth Institute of Technology Durga Suresh is an associate professor in the department of computer science and networking and has been teaching at WIT for over fifteen years, including courses in software engineering, databases, archi- tecture, and capstone projects. She has been involved in service-learning projects in urban Boston and has developed CS-outreach-oriented seminar classes in which college juniors and seniors develop and deploy CS curricula to middle school students. She has extensive experience with designing and teaching project based, multidisciplinary courses with collaboration

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James W. Jones, Ball State University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

, American Society for Engineering Education. Retrieved from http://www.asee.org/search/proceedings7. Hampton, D., & Macedo, J. (2012). A model to offer courses led by industry advisory board – Value chain. Proceedings of the 2012 ASEE PSW Section Conference. San Luis Obispo, CA: California Polytechnic State University.8. Barger, M., Gilbert, R., & Ennis, M. C. (2013). Florida’s model for industry-technical education partnerships. Proceedings of the 2013 Annual Conference & Exposition, American Society for Engineering Education. Retrieved from http://www.asee.org/search/proceedings9. Dunn, P. (2009). Developing a workable construction-management technology senior capstone project at the University of Maine

Conference Session

Innovative College-Industry Partnerships for the Future

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven H. Billis, New York Institute of Technology; Nada Marie Anid, New York Institute of Technology; Alan Jacobs, Education Market Business Development Consulting; Ziqian Dong, New York Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Page 25.778.2undergraduate disciplines that benefit most from experiential learning. Despite acomprehensive classroom and laboratory curriculum, program outcomes are bestachieved when course content includes elements of contextual teaching andlearning (CTL) as even the most complex academic engineering exercises fail tocapture the project and work –based learning experiences that are found inindustry.To address both the outcomes of the program and the expectations of industry, theSoECS embarked on a pilot project with Quanser which led to collaborative andproject-based learning in senior and master level capstone projects. This industrypartnership provided our students with career-oriented education as well as acommitment to practical

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Benneyan, Northeastern University; Corey Balint, Healthcare Systems Engineering Institute at Northeastern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

the workforce isrooted in educational development. The majority of the staff is comprised of students at variouslevels of their industrial education, including postdoctoral scholars, graduate students in bothMaster’s and PhD programs, and undergraduate students. Students are involved in our centereither full time in the form of internships and co-ops, or part time as a work study, researchassistant, project support, or capstone team. In the past two years, interning students have beenapplying from various disciplines beyond industrial and systems engineering, including bio-medical engineering, economics, statistics, human factors, electrical and computer engineering,medical, and nursing. These students are the main driving force behind

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ivan Lopez Hurtado, Northern New Mexico College; Jorge Crichigno, Northern New Mexico College; Alfredo J. Perez, Northern New Mexico College

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

programming optimization • Power-point slides from lectures • Four lab experiments with lab manuals • Publication in "5 de Mayo" conference ME Capstone Course I Spring • Power Point presentations on ethics on the 2013 Capstone project Linear Algebra Spring • One assignment on least-squares’ method 2013 Friday Academy Fall • Assignment for plotting PV and analysis on the 2012 - need of smoothing/shifting/storage to satisfy the

Conference Session

College-Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session II: Curriculum

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farrokh Mistree, University of Oklahoma; Zahed Siddique, University of Oklahoma; Maysam Pournik, University of Oklahoma; Bryan William Bodie

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

.  Junior internship – continue to learn about BHI and take a course for credit that is taught jointly by BHI engineer and FM. Identify capstone project.  Senior internship – take a course for credit that is taught jointly by BHI engineer and FM, plus identify and work on MS project.  Fifth year at OU – Work on BHI MS project under supervision of FM and BHM / BHI engineers.  Fourth and fifth years: The BHS’s degree plan is jointly worked out by mentors (BHM and FM). Students are provided the opportunity to take customized courses: - Three graduate courses from Petroleum Engineering for ME students and a like number from AME for the PE students. - Graduate electives - Up to two graduate

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Reg Recayi Pecen, Sam Houston State University; Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University; Iftekhar Ibne Basith, Sam Houston State University; Matt Albrecht, Quanta Services

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

: i. Team competition based on real Quanta OpU project ii. Supplemental year-long capstone-design (senior design) projects iii. Student organization focused on utilities/industrial construction project managementThe value-added course additions include; increase specialized project management courses,introducing industry course focused on teaching power generation (a new electrical powersystems and machinery course proposal was submitted recently), and requirement of additionalbusiness courses in accounting, economics, and finance although this recommendation maybring serious challenges of extended program requirements of more than 124 credit hours whichis not welcome by both the University administration and

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Anne M. Lucietto, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Diane L. Peters, Kettering University; Meher Rusi Taleyarkhan, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Shelly Tan, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

purposes include researchpartnerships, industry advisory boards, and various efforts to provide students with authenticengineering experiences (e.g., sponsored capstone projects, co-op programs, and internships).Literature ReviewWith the knowledge that research on a variety of aspects has taken place, this concentratedliterature review aimed instead to focus on areas critical to these authors. Of particular interestwere research partnerships and those relationships where industry provides input into curricularpartnerships, especially relationships centered around engineering and engineering technologyprograms. A final section of this brief review will outline areas that may benefit from furtherresearch that were found while searching for existing

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Melanie Bastiaan, Kettering University; Diane L. Peters, Kettering University; Juan R. Pimentel, Kettering University; Mehrdad Zadeh, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

freshmanclasses [17] all the way through senior design (capstone) projects [18, 19]. The autonomousvehicles have a variety of different scales and designs, including solar-powered vehicles [20],wireless vehicles, and a vehicle with a focus on infrared sensing [21]. Because of spaceconsiderations, we do not provide a summary or review of the technologies underlyingautonomous vehicles, as they are available in a number of publications on the subject [22–25].II AutoDrive at Kettering UniversityParticipation in SAE programs is a large part of the education of many students at KetteringUniversity. The institution has traditionally supported four SAE Collegiate Teams (“Teams”),including SAE Aero Design, Baja SAE, Clean Snowmobile Challenge and Formula SAE

Conference Session

Professional Graduate Education and Industry

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen J. Tricamo, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships, Graduate Studies

professional engineering. These coursesare capstone courses taken at the end of the MEP curriculum. 10. Elective or Independent Study (3 credits): Page 22.825.6Can be substituted for one of the industrial projects. Approval of advisor required.7. Implementation It is anticipated that the first cadre will be made up of approximately 20 students. Theprogram will be structured in an executive format. In this structure, professional engineers fromindustry or the military will remain together as one cohort and take courses in a prescribedsequence. Each course will be offered during the latter part of the week and during weekends andbe completed in

Conference Session

Innovative College-Industry Partnerships for the Future

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

industry-academia collaboration on many fronts. It was inspired by a round tablediscussion, where engineering graduates of Region’s colleges have suggested ways to startdeveloping viable and enduring connections between local industries and the academicinstitutions of the Arab Gulf States. Strategies to help promote the collaboration effort areoutlined. In particular, activities (plans, and scenarios) perceived as effective in closing the gapbetween academia and industries are described. Training, capstone courses, consulting by facultyand joint research projects, aimed at serving the interest of both parties (academia & theindustrial partners) are also addressed. The paper sheds light on: the mission, the nature, andrelevant benchmarks of

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session III: Collaboration

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

for increased “relevancy” of engineering educationwith greater industry-academia collaboration on many fronts. It was inspired by a round tablediscussion, where engineering graduates of Region’s colleges have suggested ways to startdeveloping viable and enduring connections between local industries and the academicinstitutions of the Arab Gulf States. Strategies to help promote the collaboration effort areoutlined. In particular, activities (plans, and scenarios) perceived as effective in closing the gapbetween academia and industries are described. Training, capstone courses, consulting by facultymembers, and joint research projects, aimed at serving the interest of both parties (academia &the industrial partners) are also addressed. The

Conference Session

Innovative College-Industry Partnerships for the Future

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ana Elisa P. Goulart, Texas A&M University; Chris Corti, Ph.D., Cisco Systems, Inc.; Matthew Robert Hawkes, Cisco

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Telecommunications EngineeringTechnology (EET/TET) program at Texas A&M. This four-year engineering program offersseveral courses on electronics, instrumentation, embedded systems, and telecommunicationnetworks. Most of the fundamental courses on electronics, programming, and communicationprotocols are taken by both electronics and telecommunication students. In general, students takespecific classes either on the electronics track or telecommunications track only in their senioryear. Moreover, the capstone senior design project teams always have a combination of bothelectronics and telecommunication students, and their design must include hardware, softwareand communication aspects. Therefore, we have noticed that electronics and