rooted at the intersection of my identity as ablack woman. I have had to defend myself at times against tenured professors and illuminatemaltreatment and disrespect. The most frequent abuses I have experienced were at the handsStaff Researchers that direct and maintain campus user facilities (like a cleanroom, or an opticalanalysis laboratory). A Staff Researcher or technician (white males in my instances) either threwaway equipment while I was using it (disposing of my gloves while I was using the scanningelectron microscope) or antagonizing and questioning my “right” to be in the space, in aninstance where I was using an x-ray diffraction tool in a characterization laboratory.Summary: Panelists describe both internal reflection and external
, findings, and conclusions, and recommendations expressed in thisreport are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.References[1] R. Sowell, Doctoral Initiative on Minority Attrition and Completion., Washington, DC: Council of Graduate Schools, 2015.[2] M. Ong, C. Wright, L. L. Espinosa, and G. Orfield, “Inside the double bind: A Synthesis of empirical research on undergraduate and graduate women of color in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics,” Harv. Educ. Rev., vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 172–208, Jun. 2011, doi: 10.17763/haer.81.2.t022245n7x4752v2.[3] M. Cabay, B. L. Bernstein, M. Rivers, and N. Fabert, “Chilly climates, balancing acts, and shifting pathways: What happens to
this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe National Science Foundation. The authors also wish to thank Dr. Rebecca Bates, Dr. TamaraFloyd-Smith, Dr. Melani Plett, and Dr. Nanette Veilleux for their help in recruiting interviewparticipants for this project.References[1] S. Fayer, A. Lacey, and A. Watson, “Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations: past, present, and future : Spotlight on Statistics: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,” U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, Jan. 2017.[2] D. J. Nelson and C. J. Brammer, “A national analysis of minorities in science and engineering faculties at research universities,” Oklahoma University, Norman, Oklahoma, Jan
awareness and education. Second, recommendations for policy change andorganizational change are made to encourage cultural and practical shifts in the academy.Awareness and EducationThis literature review, in itself, reflects the need for more awareness and education around thebarriers facing women in the academy. Much of the literature is focused on individual factors asexplanations for the disparity in the rates of women in higher ranks and engaged in academiccommercialization. Although this research is a positive first step, institutions, departments,leaders, and faculty must take a critical look at their entire system. Before they can criticallyassess their institutional environments, they must develop awareness and become educated aboutall of
years (as described in theprevious section). It follows that when we discuss the perceptions and experiences of womenfaculty who have departed, it is largely about women of color. And, of course, when discussingthe perceptions and experiences of male faculty who have departed, it is largely about whitemales. The reader should also keep in mind that the experiences of faculty who have departedmay differ from those who remain at UX. It is, therefore, an open question whether and to whatextent the perceptions and experiences of faculty who have exited UX are reflective of thebroader population of faculty at UX.Why Faculty LeaveFaculty who leave their institutions do so for a variety of reasons. Some of these factors relate tothe appeal of the new
over the next three years growing to the point where today it servesthe nine public institutions in the state, seven community colleges and two universities,ixproviding their students with access to MentorNet programs. Between the start of thepartnership in 2000 and January 2007, 236 students across these nine institutions have beenmatched in mentoring relationships through MentorNet’s One-on-One program. Recruitmentefforts are spearheaded by a program manager from the sponsoring Women in Technologyproject who cultivates a local campus representative to provide ongoing recruitment. Eachcampus reflects its unique community, so it has been important that recruitment strategies arecustomized to meet differing campus needs. Faculty, staff and
teachingschedules. To decrease impact on faculty time, lunches are kept to one-hour. Thefirst part of the hour is unscheduled, to provide participants with an opportunity toget their food, get settled, and socialize/network with other attendees. Theremainder of the session is used to give a presentation on a professionaldevelopment topic (leadership, communication, time management, lab management,worklife balance, negotiation, networking, administrative pathways on campus, usingteams or peer-editing in class) or a climate-related gender issue (stereotype threat,student-incivility, implicit bias, impact, respect, effectiveness). Participants areencouraged to contribute, share, and reflect during the sessions. All presentationsare posted on the program
reflects the overall lowrepresentation of minorities and women in the mechanical engineering profession. Workshopattendees develop crucial skills to help them negotiate, network, navigate and lead change, andcommunicate. In addition, connecting attendees within the design community early in theircareers, will give them opportunities to support each other throughout their careers. Ourhypothesis is that building a community that provides networking and support, opportunities forcollaboration, and professional development, will lead to greater career success, personalfulfillment and professional happiness, retention, and greater participation/contribution fromwomen and minorities, as suggested in the literature.Literature ReviewAlthough the
Isometric sketching accuracy and ability.On-Going Plans and ChallengesThe curriculum used in the ASV seminar concentrated on skills which are frequently used inCAD (e.g., isometric views, rotation, reflection, Boolean operations). A sample of civil andmechanical engineering freshmen who took a CAD course in Fall 2010 will re-take the PVST:Rin Spring 2011 to see if there has been any improvement in performance. If so, the CAD classesmay be an excellent place to integrate spatial visualization instruction into the existing content.Incoming freshmen for the 2011-12 school year will be given the same PVST:R during Summerorientation to gather additional data about student skill level.The most significant challenge faced in the USC implementation was low
, and engineering needs should be both representative of the peopleand their diversity. Charles and Bradley’s findings and their analytical framework offer anunexplored in the US engineering education literature approach to scoping the persistent problemof recruiting women into undergraduate engineering programs and into the profession in general.Just as in engineering design, if the problem isn’t scoped accurately, the solution will not berobust. It’s time for our solution to target the core issue(s).The Case in JordanAccording to the Jordan Engineers Association (JEA), female engineers represented 18.6% of allthe registered engineers in JEA between 1948 and early 2011. 4 This reflects 15,680 femaleengineers registered currently in six
institutions.IntroductionFor over 20 years, the US government has invested in the development and implementation ofgender equity programs in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Theeconomic, technological, social, and educational benefits of creating a more diverse science andengineering workforce provide the impetus behind the equity efforts in STEM disciplines.1Integral to these efforts is the growth of the number of women obtaining STEM doctoral degreesand entering the academic workplace as faculty members. Although recent statistics indicate asubstantive increase in the number of women receiving doctorates in STEM disciplines, thenumbers of women STEM faculty fail to reflect this change.2Using the metaphor of a leaky academic pipeline, social
contends thatmost departures are voluntary and reflect the degree to which an individual’s experiences serveto integrate him/her into the social and intellectual life of the institution.12, 13 While academicintegration is the extent to which a student exhibits a commitment to and engagement inacademic activities, social integration refers to the extent to which a student engages in socialactivities.13, 14 Generally speaking, the more satisfying a student finds his/her social andacademic experiences, the more likely he/she is to integrate into both social and academicaspects of campus life and persist to degree completion.12 When an absence of integration exists,this is likely due to incongruence (lack of institutional fit) and/or isolation
together. There may be a severe lack of consistency inhow the data is measured from one institution to the next. For example, each institution maydefine what constitutes appropriate AP (Advanced Placement) or transfer credit differently thananother.Also, it has long been known that the selectivity of an institution influences its retention statisticsin a positive way. For example, Astin’s work20 shows conclusively that an institution’sgraduation rate is primarily a reflection of its entering student characteristics. That is, selectiveinstitutions tend to have higher than average retention rates because they tend to have superiorresources and because of the motivating effect, for students, of a peer group with high aspirationsand superior academic
of work they would be doing post-graduation, as well as the kind ofwork they would not be expected to do, and how the work related to and reflected what theywere currently learning in coursework. Further, they appreciated having the opportunity to applywhat they were learning in classes to real-life situations and problems. This provided them withgenuine problem-solving experiences that allowed them to develop additional skills that wouldbe useful in the professional realm, such as communication and collaboration skills.Stayers, in particular, described internships and/or co-ops as providing them with variousnetworking opportunities. In some cases, these relationships took the form of mentorships, wherethe engineering professionals advised
remain. The theoretical lenses of social learning theory and communities of practice are fruitfulways to consider the experiences and suggestions of female STEM faculty at ECU. Each of theparticipants in this study has been engaged in one or more professional communities of practice,including STEM departments and interdisciplinary teams, at ECU. The domains of thesecommunities are shaped by the objectives of the participants’ respective disciplines, and theiracademic roles to attend to research, teaching, and service. The very fact of their hiring placed Page 23.1088.5the participants into these communities, reflecting their competence
) % Believe male faculty biased against 26 22 24 female STEM students Believe male students biased against 60 53 57 female STEM students Women must work harder than men 17 6 12 for same grade Personally experienced bias in the 35 39 36 STEM classroom However, the respondents are more critical about their fellow male students with 57% responding that male students are generally biased against females in their class (but only 10% indicated strongly agree). Comments accompanying this question reflect the Page 26.1737.16 experience
looking beyond, for example, thenumbers of female faculty in a particular program, such as engineering, and looking beyondmere compensation figures. An over-representation of women in the lowest faculty ranks mayindicate some form of discrimination in the promotion and tenure process, or it may simplyreflect recently stepped-up efforts to increase the representation of women on an engineeringfaculty by hiring larger numbers of new Ph.D. recipients.37 Similarly, a salary differentialbetween male and female faculty members of apparently similar rank and responsibility mayresult from some form of discrimination in the compensation process, or it may reflect someother intangible factors not readily apparent from reviewing a salary spreadsheet.12,37
quarter for theAdvocates and Allies group, targeting male faculty) may impact the latter, however. Meetingonce a quarter is beneficial in that it provides time to reflect on issues between meetings, but itmeans that participants will be exposed to new material at a slower pace (particularly given thatthe related workshops and distinguished lectures will likely cease with the end of this academicyear with the expiration of the grant). It is anticipated that project leaders will have to providemore assistance to the Advocates and Allies group until they develop a stronger understanding ofissues, resources, and potential projects.A mixture of quantitative and qualitative measures have been used to assess and evaluate theprogram, including an annual
is surprisingly great – boys expressed a much higherexpectation of success, and girls continued to express uncertainty in their abilities, even afterscoring high on a test. Karp and Shakeshaft32 (1997) found that males dominate classroomconversation and are generally more confident in the classroom setting. This issue ofconfidence is a serious one, as confidence is often found to be precursor to achievement.The second theme that emerged from the interview results reflects issues of confidence andprogram choice. The interview subjects made interesting comments about why females arechoosing not to pursue engineering:“I was really worried about it in high school. I was good in english…I had good marks in