Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

James Bean; Aparajita Mazumder

involvement in an engineeringcurriculum. They are listed in no particular order and we make no claim that this list isexhaustive. The authors welcome information on similar programs.• University of Rhode Island’s The International Engineering Program1Rhode Island’s rationale statement expresses the need for US engineers to be able to “workwith peers and partners who view the world through differing cultural lenses,” and the dangerof Americans not being able to meet “the qualifications of positions in global firms.” TheRhode Island program in German, French and Spanish is a five-year dual degree program inboth engineering and language study. A corporate internship in Europe or Latin America is arequirement for the program. Rhode Island has developed

Conference Session

Liberal Education Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Smitesh Bakrania, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

presentation. Animportant strategy to enforce rehearsing involved pairing students to peer-evaluate theirpresentations prior to final delivery. This was in addition to a short animated video ‘Get Preparedto Present Well’ produced specifically for the course, along with a check list, to emphasize thekey techniques. A pre- and post-survey was conducted to benchmark presentation skills anddetermine how regimented rehearsing affected their delivery. When rehearsed, the studentsclearly saw an improvement in their performances and as a result developed a strongappreciation for the importance of practicing. However, the study also identified that when theassignment is demanding and time is limited, practice is first to be sacrificed.IntroductionABET

Conference Session

Software Engineering Projects

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Reichlmayr, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

criteria. We elected not to have all teams develop the same app, but to let the teamscollaboratively define their own apps. In doing so the teams spent the initial part of the projectwriting their own user stories. One member of the team was appointed Product Owner to resolveproposed feature conflicts. This activity allowed everyone to participate in the writing andestimation of user stories. We included the initial development of user stories and Android bootcamp as Iteration Zero activities, with the exit criteria from Iteration Zero being that there wouldbe sufficient work defined to support the start of Sprint 1. Page 22.1712.5The instructor

Conference Session

Faculty Career Development

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa G. Bullard, North Carolina State University; Penny M. Knoll, Montana State University; Ann Saterbak, Rice University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

. Fahien Award, the John Wiley Premier Award for Engineering Education Courseware, NCSU Fac- ulty Advising Award, National Effective Teaching Institute Fellow, NCSU Alumni Outstanding Teacher Award, George H. Blessis Outstanding Undergraduate Advisor Award, ASEE Southeastern Section New Teacher Award, and ASEE-ERM Apprentice Faculty Grant Award. Bullard’s research interests lie in the area of educational scholarship, including teaching and advising effectiveness, academic integrity, process design instruction, and the integration of writing, speaking, and computing within the curriculum.Prof. Penny M. Knoll, Montana State University Penny Knoll is an Associate Professor and Program Coordinator for the undergraduate

Conference Session

Model Eliciting Activities

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica E. Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

rankings. For the Team Draft 2and Team Final Response, teams revisit their procedure (using peer and instructor feedback) andwork with the larger historical data set.As with any MEA, students are not specifically instructed to use particular mathematical orstatistical methods. For discussion purposes here, Table 1 provides summary statistics of thedata to demonstrate what the student teams should have noticed about the data and referred towhen developing their own data sets to further test their mathematical models. Given the dataprovided at Draft 1, the student teams should have concluded that the mean alone cannot be usedto differentiate the shipping companies. The means are all within about 0.1 minutes (not enoughto make a practical difference

Conference Session

NEW THIS YEAR! - ASEE Main Plenary II: Best Paper Recognition & Industry Day Session: Corporate Member Council Speaker

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. Prince, Bucknell University

Tagged Topics

ASEE Board of Directors, Corporate Members Council

the range of inquiry-based approaches that have been developed for physics education including Physics by Inquiry, PeerInstruction, Real Time Physics, Tools for Scientific thinking and workshop Physics. Prince and Felder(2006, 2007) provide extensive evidence that a variety of inquiry-based instructional methods areeffective for promoting conceptual understanding as well as additional educational outcomes. Theframework adopted for the activities presented in this study drew heavily on the Workshop Physicsmodel, the defining elements of which (Laws et al., 1999) are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Elements of Inquiry-Based Activity Modules (Laws et al 1999) (a) Use peer instruction and collaborative work

Conference Session

Out-of-School and Informal Activities

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yair Joseph Mega P.E., Northeastern University; Claire Duggan, Northeastern University; Daniel Sullivan, Northeastern University; Lauren Horn, Northeastern University; Charles A. Dimarzio, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

teachers through the proposal process, conducted proposal-writing workshops; Co-facilitator (2004), Boston East Pipeline Network; and Alumni, Lead Boston 2004 (The National Conference for Community and Justice). She won the 2006 Northeastern University Aspiration Award, and was recognized at the 2003 Northeastern University Reception honoring Principal Investigators that obtained funding in excess of $1 million over a five-year period.Daniel Sullivan, Northeastern University Daniel Sullivan has a B.S. in civil engineering and has worked for the Center for STEM Education since 2010.Ms. Lauren Horn, Northeastern UniversityDr. Charles A. Dimarzio, Northeastern University

Conference Session

ADVANCE and Related Faculty Issues

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen Chang Yan, College of New Jersey; Lisa Grega, College of New Jersey; Suriza VanderSandt, College of New Jersey; Diane C. Bates, College of New Jersey; Elizabeth Borland, College of New Jersey; Karen Elizabeth Clark, College of New Jersey; Amanda Norvell, College of New Jersey

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

initiatives encompass peer mentorship, professional development, and family friendlypolicies.As TCNJ is in the 3rd year of this 3-year NSF funded ADVANCE PAID grant, this paper willdiscuss the implementation of the program initiatives and success and challenges learned indetail.Equity Assessment InitiativeFaculty Database A longitudinal faculty database was constructed in coordination with Human Resources,The Center for Institutional Research and Academic Affairs. Original HR data containedincorrect information and lacked promotion data. In analysis of the data, only faculty hired after1990 were included. The reason for excluding pre-1990 data is that standards for promotionchanged at around this time period. Faculty hired after 1990 were

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Ty Newell; Timothy Shedd

was reduced to approximately one-fifth the normal time, allowingthe instructor to work directly with student groups as they developed questions.Organization of any class into a cooperative learning situation can be accomplished by followingthe example of others who have developed methods that help avoid many pitfalls and establisheffective learning systems. Felder and Brents’ workshop notebook on effective teachingcontains many guidelines and references that describe active learning and cooperative learningtechniques2. Among the most important organizational aspects are:1. A statement of course objectives (what students should be able to do as a result of the class)2. An explanation of teams, team member responsibilities, and peer

Conference Session

Project/Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Construction Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raissa Seichi Marchiori, The University of Alabama; Siyuan Song, The University of Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering Division (CONST)

engineering education. Through these research topics, Raissa has been publishing papers for peer-reviewed journal and conference proceedings. Also, she is part of Dr. Siyuan Song’s research lab, the Safety Automation and Visualization Environment (SAVE) Laboratory, which integrates technologies and education themes to improve building performance and safety engineering.Dr. Siyuan Song, The University of Alabama Dr. Siyuan Song is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental engineering at the University of Alabama. Her research interests include Occupational Safety and Health, Training and Workforce Development, Engineering Education, Building Information Modeling, Machine Learning

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adam W Davidson, Duke University; Kip D. Coonley, Duke University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

underrepresented students from yourschool/program for this field trip? he writes:“I believe more than underrepresented students wanted to attend the trip, but were saddened tohear it was targeted towards these populations which they did not identify with. If possible,multiple trips per school year (perhaps one fall, one spring) would help bring in more students. Itis difficult to comment on benefiting underrepresented students, as Duke (as are most colleges) isexpensive. Some students were attending simply to see what college life was like, while othersmay be specifically thinking about Duke as their post-secondary education. I believe those thatidentified as underrepresented students still found enjoyment and a ‘place’ with Duke, but morecommentary on

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hannah Budinoff, The University of Arizona; Ann Shivers-McNair, University of Arizona; Jannatul Bushra, The University of Arizona; Edward J. Berger, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #42678Board 282: Finding Meaning in Makerspaces: Exploring How Gender InfluencesMakerspace Definitions Among First-Year Engineering StudentsDr. Hannah Budinoff, The University of Arizona Hannah Budinoff is an Assistant Professor of Systems and Industrial Engineering at the University of Arizona. Her research interests include additive manufacturing, geometric manufacturability analysis, design for manufacturing, and engineering education.Ann Shivers-McNair, University of Arizona Ann Shivers-McNair is associate professor and director of professional and technical writing in the Department of English and affiliated

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela R Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Lupita D Montoya, University of Colorado, Boulder; Andrea Ferro, Clarkson University; Cesunica E. Ivey, University of California, Berkeley; Shakira Renee Hobbs, University of California Irvine; Maya A Trotz, University of South Florida; Cliff I. Davidson, Syracuse University; Susan J. Masten P.E., Michigan State University; Sheryl H Ehrman, San Jose State University; Chang-yu Wu, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

who engage in CER. Intersections with class andparenting have been discussed. We have also gained knowledge on positive experiences andcontributions URMWF make in environmental engineering, including from those who haveearned promotion to full professor and served in leadership roles including department chairs anddeans while also helping marginalized communities through their work. This evidence-basedapproach promotes a new lens in EnvE and CER peer reviewed literature to bolster the case forchange and provide examples of support.A2. Collaboratively coached cohortsThese cohorts are bringing together early-career scholars (assistant professors and post-doctoralscholars) from historically excluded groups to support each other. The first cohort

Conference Session

ELOS Technical Session 5 - Remote, Virtual, and Digital Realities

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marcos Jose Inonan Moran, University of Washington; Rania Hussein, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division (DELOS)

DE1-SoC Terasic FPGA boards through the RemoteHub Lab (RHLab) [12] . Figure 1 illustrates the setup of the remote lab, which features 36 FPGAboards accessible remotely via a web browser. This lab is integrated into the LabsLand globalnetwork of remote laboratories [27]. The students had also participated in a prior survey [26].The study was approved as an exempt study under IRB ID MOD00017662. (a) Structures that house DE1-SoC boards.Focus Groups DetailsFive focus group sessions were organized online via Zoom to explore topics related to equitableaccess. Each session followed a structured format, with the same set of questions posed to (b) Web-based Code editor where students write and synthesize their

Conference Session

Fostering Diversity and Inclusion in STEM Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bahaa Ansaf, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Nebojsa I Jaksic P.E., Colorado State University, Pueblo; Abby Davidson, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Jim S Carsella Ph.D, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Sanaa Sh. Al-Samahi, University of Baghdad; Mohammed Al-Shammaa

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering Division(MIND)

opportunities on campus. More than half of the students who completethe program continue to an intensive, upper-division research training program at CSULB. Earlyintervention program has resulted in significant growth for student trainees in several key areas,including their sense of belonging to the BUILD Program, their interest in science and research,and their understanding of the skills required for conducting research (such as scientific writing,oral presentation, and data analysis). Comparisons between students who continued to upper-division research training and those who did not showed that those who continued reported higherlevels of science and research interests, regardless of when they were surveyed. They alsodemonstrated a more

Conference Session

Laboratories and Projects in BME

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vladimir Genis, Drexel University; Donald L. McEachron, Drexel University; Fran Cornelius, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

prepare students to not only work effectively with other disciplines, but actually thrive in this role. • Ongoing group process facilitation including peer-coaching during laboratory sessions.The developed biomedical instrumentation laboratory, including laboratory procedures andmanuals will be made available to community colleges partnering with Drexel University andalso to middle and high schools participating in activities organized by the Drexel’s faculty.Specifically, the hands-on laboratory- and project-based courses described below will be offeredto the students of Burlington County College (BCC), Delaware County Community College(DCCC), Montgomery County Community College (MCCC), Community College ofPhiladelphia (CCP), and

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Education and Workforce Development Challenges

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sinead MacNamara, Syracuse University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

disciplines are not obviously aligned. The common engineeringteaching paradigm divides complex problems into many pieces which students are then taught tosolve independently, all the while anticipating that eventually, they will “be able to develop asolution by combining them…Eventually...the effort involved in learning about the small piecesis so overwhelming that we can longer synthesize the original problem–the parts become moreimportant than the whole.”1 Further, the engineering curricular focus on solving “one problem ata time,” assuming a singular answer or solution, stands in direct contrast to “the history ofmodern technology and society in all its vital messy complexity.”2 As Charles Vest, formerPresident of MIT writes, “There are two

Conference Session

Active and Inquiry-Based Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. Prince, Bucknell University; Margot A. Vigeant, Bucknell University; Katharyn E. K. Nottis, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

understanding as well as additional educational outcomes. Theframework adopted for the activities presented in this study drew heavily on the Workshop Physicsmodel, the defining elements of which (Laws et al., 1999) are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Elements of Inquiry-Based Activity Modules (Laws et al 1999) (a) Use peer instruction and collaborative work (b) Use activity-based guided-inquiry curricular materials (c) Use a learning cycle beginning with predictions (d) Emphasize conceptual understanding (e) Let the physical world be the authority (f) Evaluate student understanding (g) Make appropriate use of technology

Conference Session

Introducing Sustainability into Engineering Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Wiggins, University of Colorado, Boulder; Mary E. McCormick, Tufts University; Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Christopher W. Swan, Tufts University; Kurt Paterson, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

learning outcomesevaluated via student feedback questionnaires, peer reviews, supervisor comments and employersurveys. The student feedback questionnaire was administered pre- and post- in a design projectclass. Sustainability learning outcomes were assessed based on the relative importance studentsassigned sustainability between the pre- and post-questionnaires to the other factors involved inproject implementation. The peer reviews included sustainability as a measurement of projectachievement – reinforcing students’ belief in sustainability issues18.The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has developed a university level course forsustainability education with a goal of integrating environmental, social, and economicsustainable

Conference Session

Focus on Entry Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Heys, Montana State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

number of factors that determine a student’s problem solving success and final homework scores in these courses. For example, the homework scores also reflect knowledge of the subject, mathematical accuracy, and help from peers. Other factors from the study environment to the attitude of the teacher impact problem solving success, but they were not considered. The focus here is on a single factor (persistence, quantified by time) and its relationship to problem solving success. Clearly, more data is needed to make any definitive conclusions, but the data presented here suggest, at most, a weak correlation between persistence and problem solving success. 2. The overestimation/over-reporting of the time

Conference Session

Opportunities and Challenges in Developing International Engineering Research

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Josef Rojter, Victoria University of Technology

Tagged Divisions

International

’ peers; Beliefs concerning the nature of professional engineering work; The social status of the engineering profession. This has a wider dimension which embeds the social as well as industry evaluation of engineering as an occupational group and touches upon issues of professional autonomy, social orientation and inclusion of ethics in the course of professional practice; Knowledge base and intellectual abilities required prior to undertaking studies in engineering; and Teaching and Learning in schools and faculties of engineering. Prospective students often rely on indirect information from their peers, friends and siblings who are or have studied engineering. These opinions are influenced by engineering academic beliefs and perceptions of

Conference Session

Design Projects across the Curriculum

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tom Thomas, University of South Alabama; Michael Doran, University of South Alabama; James Sakalaukus, University of South Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

meetcertain criteria. To do so, there is a formal assessment procedure. ≠ All senior projects in the College of Engineering are presented in a public forum during the Spring semester of each year. ≠ The students prepare and present the results of their projects. ≠ The audience consists of students (peers), faculty, members of the College and Departmental industrial advisory boards, and any other interested parties. ≠ After the formal presentation and question and answer period, the attendees are requested to complete an assessment form for each project. The form includes questions on content, visual aids, the presenter’s delivery, the presentation mechanism, responses to

Conference Session

Professional Graduate Education and Industry

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Stanford, University of South Carolina

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

communication is frequently is used to convey ideas and project results. Reports, proposals, andproject results are transmitted to others in written form. These documents must be clear, concise, anderror free because there is no opportunity for immediate response from the reader. Oral presentations toan audience of peers and superiors also must be clear, concise and error free. In addition, key ideas mustbe presented visually in such a way that a knowledgeable audience can follow them without prior study.The effective engineer-leader must continually strive to improve both written and oral communicationskills.Two-way communication is much more commonly encountered in day-to-day activities. Here, of course,there is an opportunity for verbal exchange of

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development for K-12 Teachers

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elsa Head, Tufts University; Adam Carberry, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

inSTOMP to their peers, it should be noted that most of the teachers reported initiating theirinvolvement in STOMP themselves based on their perceived lack of confidence with, orknowledge of engineering and technology content. This was supported by teacher statementslike: “I did not feel as confident in teaching engineering and technology as other science topics. My coworker suggested contacting you.” “…we are supposed to teach engineering concepts according to my school district, but we have been given hardly any training!!”A comparison group would provide deeper insight into the impacts of STOMP.Bibliography1. Portsmore, M., Rogers, C., & Pickering, M. (2003). STOMP: Student Teacher Outreach Mentorship

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yunfeng Wang, The College of New Jersey; Christopher Ault, The College of New Jersey; Teresa Nakra, The College of New Jersey; Andrea Salgian, The College of New Jersey; Meredith Stone, Independent Evaluator

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

students from different majors to interact and communicate with each other.Students were strongly encouraged to seek advice from peer students for assignments that werenot in their fields.Nine assignments were given in the first eight weeks of the semester and accounted for 40% ofthe final grade. Student grade information on these assignments is given below in Table 1. Theaverage score in all areas is above 80%. Table 1: Student grades on individual homework assignments Homework Area Average Minimum Maximum grade % grade % grade % Robotics 82.6 20 100 Algorithms and data

Conference Session

Best Practices in Existing College-Industry Partnerships

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Marshall, University of Southern Maine

Tagged Divisions

College-Industry Partnerships

Requirement for GraduationIntroductionProfessional internships are not a new concept to college and university programs.However, to require this experience in the form of a demanding, well designed andimplemented internship is a very time consuming investment, which will yield excellentreturns for your students and for your program. Students, both traditional and non-traditional, are given an opportunity to demonstrate, advance, and refine technical andsupervisory competencies learned in the classroom and in the laboratories. Graduateswith this type of resume-worthy experience have a substantial advantage over peers withno internship experience. “Once, having an internship or two on your resume made you areal standout in the marketplace. Today

Conference Session

Advanced Aerospace Student Projects

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan M. Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

production comes down, LH2 becomes an evermore attractive option. As planned there, the concept exploration results from last year havebecome the starting point for this year’s course assignments. The gaps in learning seen last yearare being addressed this year.The new paper for 2011 extends prior work through a second cycle of iteration, bringing in theexperiences of developing a paper for professional peer review, presenting to visiting technicalexperts from industry, and hopefully, presenting to the airline industry in 2011. It also discussesthe experience from a current experiment to close the iterative cycle of improvement: refiningthe undergraduate high speed aerodynamics course, incorporating the lessons and capabilitieslearned from the

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Technical Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gül E. Okudan Kremer, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Mike Murphy, Dublin Institute of Technology; Brian Bowe, Dublin Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. F. (2000). Developing Critical Writing Skills in Engineering and Technology Students. Journal of Engineering Education, 89, 409-412 and 504-505. 15. Anewalt, K. (2005). Using Peer Review as a Vehicle for Communication Skill Development and Active Learning. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 21, 155. 16. Hackman, J.R. (1983). A Normative Model of Work Team Effectiveness. Office of Naval Research. Interim Report. A893631. 17. Hackman, J. R.. (1980). Work Redesign and Motivation. Professional Psychology, 11, 445-455. 18. Wageman, R., Hackman, J.R., Lehman, E. (2005). Team Diagnostic Survey: Development of an Instrument. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 41, 373. 19. Shuman, L

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Progress Reports: Part I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Stier, Illinois State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

to develop these outcomes the Engineering Technology faculty at MU had to complete acareful analysis of each required course in the curriculum as well as the technical electives. Themodel suggested by Angelo was used in this process21. The model is based on four basicpreconditions: shared trust, shared vision and goals, shared language and concepts, and sharedguidelines22. Shared trust is one of the most important preconditions needed for a meaningfulanalysis of the curriculum and to identify outcomes that will be high quality assessmentindicators. Angelo points out that in order for trust to occur the “participants need to feelrespected, valued, safe, and in the company of worthy peers”23. To facilitate this approach, theEngineering

Conference Session

Track 1 - Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE International Forum

Authors

John Matthew Long, Deakin University; Simon William Cavenett, Deakin University; Eloise Gordon, Deakin University; Matthew Joordens, Deakin University

Tagged Topics

Curriculum and Lab Development

Page 20.18.2  Indonesia  the Netherlands  the United States.We even have taught handful of students while they were at sea, either in the merchant marineor in the Royal Australian Navy.In our experience, isolation, lack of real-time contact with teaching staff, and lack of access tolaboratories are some of the most significant challenges faced by these students, leading to highdrop-out rates among on-line students.7 Educational challenges faced by their lecturers includedifficulty teaching teamwork skills, ensuring effective group work among students,implementing cooperative and peer-based learning, supervising projects, and enabling thestudents to give in-class presentations. Laboratory work is