Conference Session

Engineering Across the K-12 Curriculum: Integration with the Arts, Social Studies, Sciences, and the Common Core

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elise K. Morgan, Museum of Science Boston, Engineering is Elementary; Erin M. Fitzgerald, Museum of Science; Jonathan D. Hertel, Engineering is Elementary, Museum of Science, Boston

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

, and mathematics are critical skills for our modern world. Inorder to understand this world, it is vital to foster engineering and technological literacy amongall people, starting with young children. Technology and engineering are new fields at theelementary school level; however, this is where such education needs to start. Just as it isimportant to begin science instruction in the primary grades by building on children’s curiosityabout the natural world, it is crucial to begin technology and engineering instruction inelementary school by fostering children’s natural inclination to design and build things, and totake things apart to see how they work.1 It is during primary school that students establish firstimpressions of possible career

Conference Session

Innovations in Pedagogy

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Langman, Illinois Institute of Technology; Eric M. Brey, Illinois Institute of Technology; Judith S. Zawojewski, Illinois Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

programming (the“Summer Program”). In addition to the Summer Program, the H.S. Program offers workshops,field trips, career exploration opportunities, and college advising during the school year. A major goal of the H.S. Program is to foster a sense of community among the admittedstudents and to introduce the high school students to a variety of people studying STEM fieldsand working in STEM fields in different capacities. To further this goal, the Summer Programincludes a variety of eight-day collaborative projects in a variety of STEM-related fields.Students are allowed to choose one of those eight-day collaborative projects to join with theirpeers. The focus of these eight-day projects is to collaborate with a community partner to

Conference Session

Undergraduate Student Issues: Culture

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie C Paretti, Virginia Tech; Courtney S Smith-Orr, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

-efficacy. In 2010, Joneset al. found mixed results in a study of first-year engineering students, with no statisticallysignificant differences associated with attainment, interest, utility, identification, or career-plans;although men did score higher with respect to self-efficacy and expectancy, the difference wassignificant only for expectancy10.In a related study, Jones et al. found few differences between men and women with respect toengineering identification, gender identification, GPA, or likelihood of changing major, andwomen reported higher perceptions of engineering ability11. The analysis also indicated noeffects for stereotype threat; notably, however, although both men and women scored relativelylow with respect to endorsing negative

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen Alfano, College of the Canyons

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

school teachers, andindustry professionals recruited to be teachers to acquire the technical knowledge andcertifications and pedagogical skills to teach renewable energy in their classrooms; 3)develop and implement a 2+2+2 pathway through partnership with high schools anduniversities to allow students interested in renewable energy careers to have a definedcareer ladder with multiple exit points integrated with industry certifications and collegecertificate and degree attainment; 4) conduct continuous assessment and evaluation withimbedded targeted research of curricular and professional development strategies toensure that student, faculty, and industry goals are attained; and, 5) disseminate both theproducts and the partnership process to

Conference Session

CEED - Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Manuel D. Rossetti, University of Arkansas; Edgar C Clausen, University of Arkansas; Carol Schubert Gattis, University of Arkansas; Micah Hale, University of Arkansas; Kim LaScola Needy, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

23.942.3integrated work experiences. In the following section, we discuss how the SIIRE program isstructured and how it operates.Structure of the SIIRE ProgramThe SIIRE program address the following objectives:1. To provide underrepresented and financially needy undergraduate students with information on the benefits and opportunities associated with graduate education,2. To provide underrepresented and financially needy undergraduate students with enhanced financial support and career experiences to improve the likelihood of completing both a BS and a MS in engineering,3. To provide personalized integrated industry and academic mentoring and professional development that results in increased enrollment and completion of graduate engineering

Conference Session

K-12 and STEM Programs in Engineering Technology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University; Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University; Matt Leonard, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

failures to reduce fear of taking risks, sparks studentcreativity and a passion for learning in STEM areas, builds students’ sense of pride andaccomplishment, provides opportunities for students to determine if they are interested inpursuing STEM careers, and develops an understanding of authentic engineering research anddesign.In 2012, NASA selected a total of six high schools in the vicinity of Houston to develop modulesfor use by NASA. The projects proposed by NASA for 2012 include: 1) Washing Machine; 2)Exercise Machine; 3) Mock up Space Station module; 4) A tool that quickly and simplymeasures all types of Hex and Allen sizes, 5) General Luminaire Assembly.To enhance the experience of the students, NASA sponsored two supplemental projects

Conference Session

Culture, Race, and Gender Issues

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

books thatfocused on biological sciences were found to contain significant biases especially related togender. These biases may influence how students feel about careers in science, technology,engineering and mathematics (STEM) areas and therefore may impact future workforces inSTEM fields.IntroductionEngineers and scientist utilize the principles and theories of science and mathematics to design,test, and manufacture products that are important to the future of our nation and the world.1 Thepercentage of college students seeking degrees in math, science and engineering disciplines hasbeen declining for the past two decades. This is in part because fewer potential science,technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors are completing

Conference Session

K-12 Robotics

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Krystal S Corbett, Cyber Innovation Center; JoAnn M. Marshall, Cyber Innovation Center/National Integrated Cyber Education Research Center

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

the University of Georgia. Her professional career has been dedicated to non-profit organizations in the form of events planning, development, grant writing, and coordinating educational activities for K-12 students. Page 23.1083.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 STEM Applications: Integrating Informal Learning with the Formal Learning EnvironmentAbstractMany times only a select group of students are able to participate in after school activities due tovarious reasons. Because only a few students are able to participate from a given class

Conference Session

Secondary (6-12) Outreach

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ethan Alexander Peritz, Tufts Center for Engineering Education and Outreach; Morgan M Hynes, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

is the nature of the growing relationship between TuftsUniversity and Somerville High School, which is initiating a four year “pre-engineering”program for students in its Center for Career and Technical Education (CTE) with the help of theCenter for Engineering Education and Outreach (CEEO). This “pre-engineering” program drawsfrom a number of introductory collegiate engineering and service learning courses, focusing onproject-based, interactive class work, some elements of an inverted classroom model, andconstructionism. Additionally, the program’s development reveals issues that can arise incommunity-university partnerships, specifically the vital importance of communication betweenboth parties. Programs like “pre-engineering” also provide

Collection

2023 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Adam C. Lynch; Gary Brooking

, Process, Output, Customer) could be used again (i.e., transferable) in everyfuture engineering project. Additionally, they believed that the skills developed, such as criticalthinking, effective communication, and problem-solving strategies, would be valuable in theirfuture engineering careers. The hands-on experience gained through the Integrated Project teamframework them with a solid foundation for approaching real-world design challenges.4.0 DISCUSSION4.1 Interpretation of Results4.1.1 RQ1, Connections Collaboration and networking are indispensable aspects of entrepreneurship. The KEENEntrepreneurial Mindset emphasizes the significance of connections by encouraging students toengage in interdisciplinary teamwork and

Conference Session

Project/Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Construction Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Namhun Lee, Central Connecticut State University; Thomas SJ Kim, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Jiyong Choi, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering Division (CONST)

ObjectivesThe senior capstone course plays a crucial role in preparing students for careers in theconstruction industry by providing them with hands-on experience, industry-relevant skills, andnetworking opportunities [11]. It allows students to gain practical experience working on realconstruction projects, develop a deeper understanding of industry practices, and buildrelationships with potential employers.Best practices for implementing a successful senior capstone course include [13]: 1. Industry Partnerships: Collaborate with industry partners to provide real-world projects, guest lectures, and internship opportunities for students. 2. Project-Based Learning: Emphasize project-based learning to simulate real construction projects

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 13

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Shanachilubwa, Harding University; James L. Huff, Harding University; Amy L. Brooks, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Paper ID #44449Faculty-Student Interactions as Experienced by Black Engineering and ComputerScience StudentsKyle Shanachilubwa, Harding UniversityDr. James L. Huff, Harding University Dr. James Huff is an Associate Professor of Engineering Education and Honors College Faculty Fellow at Harding University. He conducts transdisciplinary research on identity that lies at the nexus of applied psychology and engineering education. A recipient of the NSF CAREER grant (No. 2045392) and the director of the Beyond Professional Identity (BPI) lab, Dr. Huff has mentored numerous undergraduate students, doctoral students, and

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division (WIED) Technical Session 3 - Belongingness and Community

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katlin Hart Rowley, California State University, Fresno; Kimberly Stillmaker PE, California State University, Fresno; Aaron Stillmaker, California State University, Fresno; Hayley Garza; Edgar Zuniga; Lalita G Oka, California State University, Fresno

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering Division (WIED)

the CHHS, the White and/or Asian group expressed thismajority-favoring bias at nearly half the rate of Black/African American and/or Hispanic group. Figure 3. Student perceptions of gender suitability for engineering related (LCOE) and health and human services related careers (CHHS).Overall, 12.9% of women in LCOE perceived women to be less suited for their field of study,and 10.6% of men in LCOE perceived men to be more suited for their field of study. Similarly,in CHHS, 16.1% of men perceived men to be less suited for their field of students and 13.1% ofwomen perceived women to be more suited for their study. Thus, in both colleges, the minoritygender expressed a slightly higher perception towards favoring the majority

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tran Duong Nguyen, Georgia Institute of Technology; Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE)

is an enthusiastic doctoral researcher with a Master of Science degree in Construction Management from Kennesaw State University and is continuing his academic career as a Ph.D. student in Building Construction at the Georgia Institute of Technology in the Fall of 2022. Tran is passionate about research and teaching and has published numerous papers addressing critical challenges in the construction industry. He aims to enhance sustainability by integrating emerging technologies.Dr. Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University Dr. Sanjeev Adhikari is faculty from Kennesaw State University. Previously he was faculty at Morehead State University from 2009 to 2016 and faculty at Purdue University – Indianapolis from

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 14

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sierra Outerbridge, University of Central Florida; Michelle Taub, University of Central Florida; Marino Nader, University of Central Florida; Sudeshna Pal, University of Central Florida; Ricardo Zaurin, University of Central Florida; Hyoung Jin Cho, University of Central Florida

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

handling devices. He earned his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering fromthe University of Cincinnati in 2002. He worked as Research Engineer at Korea Electronics TechnologyInstitute (KETI) from 1993 to 1997. He received the NSF CAREER award in 2004 and was giventhe WCU (World Class University) Visiting Professorship under the Ministry of Education, Scienceand Technology, Korea in 2009. He is currently leading the NSF-supported HSI IUSE (ImprovingUndergraduate STEM Education) Project: Enhancing Student Success in Engineering Curriculum throughActive e-Learning and High Impact Teaching Practices (ESSEnCe). In this project, a team of facultymembers collaborate to implement active learning and high-impact teaching practices in engineeringgateway courses

Conference Session

Innovative Pedagogical Strategies I

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Lucas, Purdue University; Bhavana Kotla, Purdue Polytechnic Graduate Programs; Katey Shirey, EduKatey; Lisa Bosman, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology Division (ETD)

provideindividuals and teams with the opportunity to learn new skills and knowledge. This can make them morecompetitive in the job market and more successful in their careers.2.2 Asynchronous Online Learning Asynchronous online learning is a type of distance learning in which students andinstructors do not interact in real time [13, 14]. Instead, students can access course materials andcomplete assignments at their convenience. This contrasts with synchronous online learning, inwhich students and instructors must attend class sessions at a predetermined time. Asynchronousonline learning has many advantages over synchronous online learning in areas of flexibility,accessibility, and scalability. In addition, asynchronous online learning can also be

Conference Session

Laboratory and Research Skill Development

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carlos Landaverde Alvarado, University of Texas at Austin

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering Division (ChED)

real-life situations, (2) it requiresstudents to solve complex problems at the intersection of engineering and management, and (3) itfosters collaboration and trust building amongst team members. By the practice of safety,students gain valuable analytical, managerial, and leadership skills that will be key in their post-graduation careers and that will help facilitate their transition to the workforce.It has been reported that chemical engineering programs utilize different and inconsistentapproaches to integrate process safety education into their curriculum [1], [2], [6]–[9]: someprograms offer a required or elective process safety course, others incorporate external onlinetraining within core chemical engineering courses (e.g., the AIChE

Collection

2024 ASEE PSW Conference

Authors

Monika Neda, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Jorge Fonseca Cacho, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Vanessa W. Vongkulluksn Ph.D., University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Jacimaria Ramos Batista, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Mei Yang, University of Nevada - Las Vegas

Educational and Career Decision Making.” ACT Research Report Series, 2015 (3). ACT, Inc., 2014[3] A. Sithole, E. T. Chiyaka, P. McCarthy, D.M. Mupinga, B.K. . Bucklein, and J. Kibirige. “ Student Attraction, Persistence and Retention in STEM Programs: Successes and Continuing Challenges”. Higher Education Studies, 7(1), pp.46-59, 2017[4] E. R. Kurban, and A. F. Cabrera. “Building readiness and intention towards STEM fields of study: using HSLS: 09 and SEM to examine this complex process among high school students”. The Journal of Higher Education, 91(4), pp.620, 2020.[5] K.G. Ricks, J.A. Richardson, H.P. Stern, R. P. Taylor, and R. A. Taylor. “ An Engineering Learning Community to Promote Retention and

Collection

2024 CIEC

Authors

Mauricio Torres; Ying Shang; Zakariya Al Hamouz

necessary skills forHoosiers to navigate the ever-changing job market and boost the state’s economy.Advanced manufacturing represents approximately 18 percent of the statewide workforce. Thesector employs approximately 2 of every 10 workers but only 2 in 100 high school students arein Career and Technical Education within advanced manufacturing and logistics, and fewer than6 in 100 are even enrolled in an advanced manufacturing and logistics-related course [9]. Thecommon thread across the proposed programs is emerging technologies, supporting growingareas such as biotechnology, human-machine interaction, autonomous vehicles, additivemanufacturing, new energy solutions, etc. These are the programs development focus areas:a. The additive

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Radana Dvorak, Saint Martin's University; Farzin Bahadori, Saint Martin's University

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT)

heighten students' quantum awareness and curiosity as they will beconfronted with opportunities and issues related to quantum computing in their softwareengineering careers. Our student survey results, utilizing a Likert scale ranking, indicate asignificant increase in students' interest and curiosity in quantum concepts, as well as theireagerness to further explore quantum computing. These results that we are meeting oureducational objectives.IntroductionQuantum computing represents a paradigm shift in the field of computational science, leveragingthe principles of quantum mechanics. Unlike classical computing, which uses bits to processinformation in a binary format, quantum computing uses quantum bits, or qubits, that can exist inmultiple

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emad A Mansour, University of South Florida

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Martin [3] discussed potential biases in SETs due to several factors such asgender, race/ethnicity, attractiveness, age, course difficulty, and expected grade. These biases canlead to unfair assessments and hinder the recognition of effective teaching methods.Criticism regarding the misuse of Student Evaluations of Teaching (SETs) has been ongoingsince the 1990s. In 1997, McKeachie [4] along with Greenwald and Gillmore [5] cautionedagainst grading leniency that can affect the level of ratings. Fearing that lower ratings couldnegatively impact their careers, instructors might be inclined to grade more leniently,compromising academic rigor and standards. This, in turn, might provide an inaccurate picture ofteaching quality.More recent scholarly

Collection

2016 Rocky Mountain Section Conference

Authors

Clifton B. Farnsworth; Evan Bingham; Justin E. Weidman

© American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 180 2016 ASEE Rocky Mountain Section Conferencestudents to see them. There could be some argument that the specific skills obtained by thestudents in this course may never be utilized again during their careers, not accounting for thehigher level of learning available in this course. Students learned that if they can work with thebiggest structures in the world, certainly they can tackle problems associated with normal everyday type construction work. The format of researching the large structures before seeing themwas a powerful teaching/learning experience. It is one thing to

Collection

2005 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

R. L. Kolar; K. M. Dresback; E. M. Tromble

teaching andresearch in areas of national need,” and it is administered by the Department of Education. Here,“need” has a dual meaning: students must demonstrate financial need, and fellowships areawarded to disciplines viewed as traditionally having a shortage of well-qualified domestic stu-dents. Engineering is one such discipline. Since, from the outset, the program has targeted stu-dents who are interested in academic careers, statutory requirements dictate the course of studythat GAANN Fellows pursue must include a structured education component, so that, upon grad-uation, they are prepared for both the educational and research missions of academia. Herein, wepresent an overview of OUr (University of Oklahoma) GAANN program, which we have

Collection

2017 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

R. Joe Stanley; Stuart Baur

A PRELIMINARY ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYSTUDENTS WITH PROJECT LEAD THE WAY COURSE EXPERIENCE R. Joe Stanley and Stuart Baur AbstractThere have been a number of studies examining the impact of Science, Technology, Engineering andMathematics (STEM) education programs in providing college preparation. These studies have foundbenefits for pre-college students in STEM related career pursuits, academic performance, pre-collegecourse attendance, retention, student engagement, among many others. In a previous study, our researchgroup compared the academic performance of Missouri S&T students with and

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Scott Bell; Tim Frey; Angie Miller; Eugene Vasserman

context-specific material into Scratch activities and how these could be applied in theirfuture teaching positions. This was a promising step towards empowering new teachers with theability to introduce programming into the K-12 curriculum and potentially increasing the numberof students that consider computing fields as career options in the future.AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by a United States Department of Defense Education Activity Grant (AwardContract Number: HE1254-10-1-0032)References1 Lori Carter. Why students with an apparent aptitude for computer science don’t choose to major in computer science. SIGCSE Bull., 38(1):27–31, March 2006.2 Scratch, MIT lifelong kindergarten. http://scratch.mit.edu.3 Mark Guzdial. A media

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Dennis J. Fallon

of South Carolina. Dr. Fallon’s academic career includes sixyears as an Assistant Professor at ODU and 22 years at The Citadel where he served as Headof the CEE Department for ten years (1993-2003).An active member of the Southeastern Section of American Society for Engineering Education(ASEE), Dr. Fallon has held numerous positions within the organization including the Chair ofthe Civil Engineering Division and the Administrative Unit, Conference Site Coordinator,Newsletter Editor for three years, Technical Program Chair and Instructional Unit Chair from1994 to 1995, and was elected President of the Southeastern Section from 1996 to 1997 andthen again from 2003 to 2004. He has also served for three years as the National CampusRepresentative

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Ted E. Batchman

in the future. This paper explores how the classroomlecture has changed with technology and student expectations. Current discussions and conflicts onwhat engineering education should look like in the future will be discussed as well as the dilemmafacing new faculty with increased expectations to achieve tenure. Cutting funds for highereducation by many states has been a high priority of legislators and research funding is being cut bythe federal government. So why should one go into a career in higher education? The importantrewards are still the same as they were a half century ago!Foundations for the FutureFor the past several years there was an article published on the incoming class of freshman studentswith the emphasis being on the

Collection

2007 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Levern Rollins-Haynes; Keith L. Haynes

gratification. Rapper Kanye Westunderscores higher education as being unnecessary to financial success in his “School Spirit Skit 2” onhis College Dropout CD. Although not all rap music caters to the belief that higher education is futile,many rappers flaunt a lifestyle that appears to be more glamorous and more financially successful thanthat of the 9-5 career tract. Because many of the poorer youths (and their families) feel disenfranchised,many of these African-Americans become attracted to this lifestyle in an effort to raise their self-esteem,obtain power, admiration and respect from others, and be noticed by women. Rapper Ludacris states, It’s a fact. The gold back then, and the diamonds now…we wear that to get women. That’s all

Collection

2006 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

K. Markowitz; H. Marandi

relationships • Obligation to clients • Ecology and environmental concerns • Defense industry problems • National security concerns • Bio ethics • Promoting and enforcing ethics. Engineers, like most professionals, are interested in solving real world problems. Theory ofcourse in an important foundation, but an important way to get the attention of students is tofocus on practical cases. Case studies taught in the curriculum must include scenarios thatengineers are most likely to encounter in their own careers. As with law and medicine,engineering is a learned profession. As a profession, engineering constantly involves expertjudgment and discretion in the performance of services. Engineers are expected to use theireducation and

Collection

2024 ASEE PSW Conference

Authors

Monika Neda, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Matthew Paul Pusko, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Vanessa W. Vongkulluksn Ph.D., University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Melissa Lynn Morris, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Jeehee Lee, University of Nevada - Las Vegas; Jacimaria Ramos Batista, University of Nevada - Las Vegas

, Alabama, Advances in engineering education, pp. 1–17, 2010 Available at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1076158.pdf.[5] K. Mattern, J. Radunzel, and P. Westrick. “ Development of STEM Readiness Benchmarks to Assist Educational and Career Decision Making.” ACT Research Report Series, 2015 (3). ACT, Inc., 2014[6] A. Sithole, E. T. Chiyaka, P. McCarthy, D.M. Mupinga, B.K. . Bucklein, and J. Kibirige. “ Student Attraction, Persistence and Retention in STEM Programs: Successes and Continuing Challenges”. Higher Education Studies, 7(1), pp.46-59, 2017[7] E. R. Kurban, and A. F. Cabrera. “Building readiness and intention towards STEM fields of study: using HSLS: 09 and SEM to examine this complex process among