Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Schulz, Georgia Institute of Technology; Cynthia D. Anderson, Alula Consulting; Cindy Cooper, The Lemelson Foundation; Dustyn Roberts P.E., University of Pennsylvania; Jorge E Loyo Rosales, Rice University; Kristin Lewis, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; Supraja N. Kumar, Smart Surfaces Coalition; Julianne Rolf, Yale University; Nelson A. Granda Marulanda, Western Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON)

Conference Session

Technical Session 11 - Paper 1: Using Utility Value Interventions to Explore Student Connections to Engineering Mechanics Topics

Collection

2022 CoNECD (Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity)

Authors

Isabella Grace Sorensen, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Dominick Trageser, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Brian P. Self, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Benjamin David Lutz, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

DimensionsOur third theme focuses on students who connect mechanics topics to the impacts engineeringwork has on the people and world around them. We defined Sociotechnical Dimensions asinstances where students recognize engineers’ responsibilities beyond technical competence,such as keeping people safe, promoting social justice, or positively impacting society.SafetyOur first code within this theme is Safety, which describes students who connect mechanicsconcepts to the professional and ethical responsibilities of keeping people safe through goodpractice of engineering. These excerpts highlight how mechanics can provide the foundation formeaningful engineering calculations, like finding the allowable stresses in bridges, factors ofsafety in buildings

Conference Session

Technical Session 1 - Paper 5: Navigating the academy in the absence of graduate disability accommodation policies

Collection

2022 CoNECD (Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity)

Authors

D. C. Beardmore, University of Colorado Boulder

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

Conference Session

Systems Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kelley E. Dugan, University of Michigan; Erika A. Mosyjowski, University of Michigan; Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan; Lisa R. Lattuca, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

is the“number of levels of detail,” [23, p. 42] under the assumption that modeling deeper levels of asystem enables the expression of more complex system behaviors. In addition, consideration ofdepth was implicit across all the attributes in Lavi et al.’s assessment in that each attribute wasscored on a scale from zero, or “no expression of attribute understanding”, to three, that was “fullexpression of attribute understanding” [23, p. 42].A couple assessments examined the breadth in terms of types of issues considered across all theidentified elements. In Rehmann et al.’s assessment the evaluation of rich pictures includedwhether there were elements from at least five of the following seven types of issues:“engineering, social, ethical

Conference Session

Design Methodologies 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; Madalyn Wilson-Fetrow, University of New Mexico; Yan Chen, University of New Mexico; Eva Chi, University of New Mexico; Abhaya K. Datye, University of New Mexico; Sang M. Han, University of New Mexico; Jamie Gomez, University of New Mexico; Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

purpose. We argue that when such design problems fall short, it notbecause they are not authentic, but because they may be missing other elements. Perhapssurprisingly, even in the popular culture design problems, this missing element may bemeaningfulness or relevance [15], a central tenant of constructionist learning [6].Engineering courses tend to privilege the technical aspects of engineering [16], though analysisof authentic engineering design practice characterizes this work as sociotechnical [17, 18], andresearch has increasingly suggested reflecting this in engineering programs is valuable [19, 20],providing students with opportunities to grapple with complex factors and ethics [21, 22]. Suchproblems create opportunities to connect with the

Conference Session

Research on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kristen Moore, University at Buffalo; Nathan R. Johnson, University of South Florida; Fernando Sánchez, University of St. Thomas; Walter R. Hargrove

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

citationpractices belie a more complex system of relationships. Historically, they have established powerrelationships among authors, ideas, and larger sociotechnical systems within the university[26].Our citations reflect our reading practices while establishing field boundaries and contours andultimately funneling into the larger economy of the university. They undergird this universityeconomy in a number of ways: (a) we form communities of practice/discourse communities inhow we cite, excluding and including particular ways of knowing; (b) we give particular ideaspower and visibility in how we cite; (c) we decide whose work matters, who should be tenuredand promoted, who belongs; and (d) we teach ethics and intellectual property through citations.These

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Division Technical Session 3: Education Track

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Radian G. Belu, Southern University; Alexandru Belu; Zhengmao Ye, Southern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

more design alternatives to better solve the problem. It isagreed that such attribute can only be developed by exposing students to the experience of open-ended problem solving which includes linking engineering science knowledge to complex, real-life design problems. Apart from the engineering and technical issues, these problem solvingactivities should include extra- and trans-disciplinary and soft factors, such as economic,environmental, sustainability, manufacturability ethical, health and safety, social and politicalconsiderations. It is well-accepted that such problem-based learning type is only achieved byusing quite complex project scenarios, and therefore requires careful planning and integrationinto the rest of the curriculum in

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ekundayo Shittu, George Washington University; Dor Hirsh Bar Gai, George Washington University ; Saniya Leblanc, George Washington University; Erica Cusi Wortham, George Washington University; Annamaria Konya Tannon, George Washington University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

between 1 and 2. Fourth, the participants valued theelements of working in tandem including enhancing mindsets about believing and thinking, developingskillsets about learning and applying knowledge. By mindsets, the key ingredients identified includecreative inquiry-led approach, design thinking, systems thinking, global citizenship, and ethical decisionmaking.There was unanimous agreement that more engagement can only be achieved by bringing social innovationinto the classroom through projects that ask students to work on real problems. This is consistent withBloom’s Taxonomy [12]. Some of the emerging constructs or prescriptions include what is now termed,“Fruits of Innovation,” i.e., what are the students tasked with creating – knowledge

Conference Session

Supporting Successful Progression From First-year Studies

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Allen C. Estes, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo ; John W. Lawson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

; classrooms wiped down between usages; windows and doors open to provide maximum ventilation E Indoor classroom where students will be less than six feet apart – same as D; students wearing masks and face shieldsThe Lecture Usual format: The weekly lecture is held in person in a large lecture hall with allstudents in attendance. The presentation mode is PowerPoint with occasional videos ordemonstrations included. Each of the ten weeks is devoted to a specific topic that are in order:Introduction, Structural Systems, Reinforced Concrete, Timber, Steel, Foundations and SiteCivil, Architectural Coverings and Cladding, Electrical and Lighting, Mechanical and Plumbing,and Ethics and Professional

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

John H. Callewaert, University of Michigan; Joanna Mirecki Millunchick, University of Michigan; Cassandra Sue Ellen Jamison, University of Michigan; Kevin Cai Jiang, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative and Experiential Education

(communication, creativity, empathy, entrepreneurial mindset,ethics, global/cultural awareness, grit/persistence/resilience, leadership, lifelong learning, riskmanagement, systems thinking, and teamwork). Although most students at this institutionparticipate in experiential learning, the framework aims to provide students with richer, moremeaningful experiences through intentional engagement and reflection. Through several informalconversations, both students and employers have expressed the need for students to reflect andbe able to better communicate the value of their experiences in relation to their technical skillsand career aspirations. This point is reinforced by recent industry reports which emphasize thedifficult time employers have in finding

Conference Session

Design Across Curriculum 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Christopher Rennick, University of Waterloo; Carol Hulls P.Eng., University of Waterloo; Andrew Gryguć, University of Waterloo

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

% Totals 215 100% 181 100%4.1 Self-Efficacy BeliefsTo collect data on student self-efficacy beliefs, students were asked in both the SOT and end ofterm (EOT) survey in both years to rate their level of ability from 1-8 in 11 areas including1 This study was conducted with Office of Research Ethics approval, ORE# 30293programming, design, and teamwork. Table 3 summarizes the mean and standard deviation forstudent self-efficacy beliefs at start, and end of term.Table 3 Summary of student self-efficacy beliefs, mean (std dev.) SOT EOT Programming Design Teamwork Programming Design Teamwork 2019 3.28 4.20

Conference Session

Community-Engaged Engineering Education Challenges and Opportunities in Light of COVID-19 Paper Presentations 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cijy Elizabeth Sunny, Baylor University; Kathleen Koenig, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division, Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

) instrument was an exception in that it employed qualitative methods offocus groups and interviews with engineering students and faculty as part of its development.This instrument was designed to measure the curricular and co-curricular events and experiencesthat would affect the ethical development of undergraduate engineering students [18].Instruments that have been developed in engineering to measure non-cognitive skills have mostlyused the traditional development process of reviewing the literature on existing instruments toguide their own scale development. Here, the conceptual domain is developed through literaturereviews, expert consultation, peer review, and conversations with target groups [19]. These arewell-established and validated

Conference Session

Empathy and Human-centered Design 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Greses Pérez, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Swetha Nittala, Stanford University; Carol B. Muller, Stanford University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

professionals. She is passionate about improving engineering education and practice and has been working in the areas of innovation, leadership development, diversity, equity, and inclusion, ethics, and, faculty development. Previously, she also worked for companies including Deloitte, Sprint, ProStem and Credit Suisse, both as an internal and external research consultant focusing on areas of leadership development, performance management, competency development and people analytics. She integrates her research in Engineering Education with prior background in Human Resource Management and Engineering to understand better ways to develop STEM workforce both in universities and companies.Dr. Carol B. Muller, Stanford

Conference Session

Undergraduate Students' Professional Skills and Reflection

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Virginia Charter, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

principles of engineering, science, and mathematics 2. The ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified needs, with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors 3. The ability to communicate effectively with a range of audiences 4. The ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts 5. The ability to function effectively on a team whose members together provide leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment

Conference Session

Social Justice: Pedagogy, Curricular Reform, and Activism

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Joseph Valle, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor; Israa Ali, University of Michigan ; Corin L. Bowen, California State University, Los Angeles; Donna M Riley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

labor again tomorrow, they get even richer and even richer. So it's in their interest to make sure you think your work is de-political.”Maria similarly described a separation of engineers from the moral and ethical consequences oftheir work and how that separation benefits corporate interests: “… [to] face [engineers] with the thought that, you know, what they're doing actually has consequences when you consider them, they're gonna say ‘that's not my job. I'm just the engineer, that's management, that's business, that's something else.’ Because really, they're there to do this very specific thing. And the fact is, um, if you were to try to get them involved in all these other things, it's going to take

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking II: Interpretation, Curricular Practices, and Structural Change

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College; Kristen L. Sanford P.E., Lafayette College; Benjamin Cohen, Lafayette College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Conference Session

The Best of First-year Programs Division

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Frank J. Marsik, University of Michigan; Claudia G. Cameratti-Baeza, University of Michigan; Elizabeth Mann Levesque, University of Michigan; Stacie Edington, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

different learning activities, they function as a motivational asset, central to thedevelopment of a sense of belonging and persistence in engineering programs [1]. Thetransformation of ENGR 110 is informed both by the needs of first-year engineering students andpedagogical practices designed to foster autonomy.The redesigned course addresses three themes: “What is Engineering?”, “Exploring Michiganand Michigan Engineering”, and “Self-Understanding”. Within these themes, students gainexposure to engineering disciplines, engineering contributions to society, the interdisciplinarynature of engineering, engineering as both a technical and social discipline, experiential learningopportunities, personal strengths, ethics, values, social identity

Conference Session

Improvements in ECE Circuit Analysis

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

TomHenry J. Reagan, Colorado School of Mines; Stephanie Claussen, Colorado School of Mines; Eric Lyne

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

- tained her B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2005 and her M.S. and Ph.D. from Stanford University in 2008 and 2012, respectively. Her current engineering edu- cation research interests include engineering students’ understanding of ethics and social responsibility, sociotechnical education, and assessment of engineering pedagogies.Mr. Eric Lyne American c Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Systematic Review of Rigorous Research in Teaching Introductory CircuitsAbstractSystematic review is a meta-analytical framework for quantitatively searching, sorting, andsynthesizing scholarly research on a particular topic

Conference Session

Engineering Education Research Practices and Community

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Javeed Kittur, Arizona State University; Brooke Charae Coley, Arizona State University; Nadia N. Kellam, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

explained, We do design a survey, we refer to literature and then based on our experience with design a survey. But I must tell you that we don't have a formal commitment being taken about the ethical conduct of this that which are normally there in western systems. Such a thing is not strictly followed. We tell them orally about the participation [Emaaz].After collecting the data from the survey, the first step the faculty followed was to scan throughthe data, perform data cleaning and manipulation operations. Then, once the data was ready thestatistical analysis was done, the outputs of the tests were analyzed, and findings were documented.The faculty also said that statistical tests were decided on during early stages of research prior

Conference Session

Novel Strategies for Studying Liberal Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nicola W. Sochacka, University of Georgia; Christian Michael Culloty, University of Georgia; Jacob Hopkins; Julie R. Harrell, University of Georgia; Joachim Walther, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Collection

2020 ASEE North Central Section conference

Authors

Bhuvana Ramachandran, University of West Florida; Chathapuram Ramanathan, University of West Florida,; Mohamed Khabou, University of West Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

from Simpson College, Iowa. In 2013, Dr. Ramanathan facilitated a co-sponsored conference on Human Rights and Sanatana Dharma: Implications for Global Citizenship. The conference was co-sponsored by Simpson College, Iowa and Karnataka Samskrit University, Bangalore, India. Dr. Ramanathan has presented several key note and plenary speeches in conferences. Most recently in January 2014, he pre- sented a plenary in a conference titled ”Bounds of Ethics.” The inaugural address in that conference was given by his holiness the Dalai Lama. Dr. Ramanathan served a three year term on NASW’s National Committee on Racial and Ethnic Diversity, and his term ended in June 2015. He has served NASW’s National Ethics Committee from

Collection

AEE Journal

Authors

Sarah Dart; Edmund Pickering; Les Dawes

Collection

2021 ASEE St. Lawrence Section Conference

Authors

Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Sreeram Kashyap, University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Tagged Topics

Diversity

ethical decision-making and leadership, and can reinforce classroom learning [18], [19]but over-involvement (i.e., spending too much time on a co-curricular) can create academicpressures that lead to unethical behavior [18]. More generally, the types of co-curricular andextracurricular engagement selected by students and their level of engagement therein has beenfound to differ by gender and ethnicity and is not necessarily guided by the benefits found in theliterature [20]. There are numerous factors that impact the benefits of co-curriculars that can varygreatly from one institution to another and require intentional support structures to maximizebenefits [21]. This might explain why benefits for one group at one institution are not

Collection

2021 ASEE St. Lawrence Section Conference

Authors

Chelsea Q Linvill, United States Military Academy Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering; Benjamin Michael Wallen P.E., United States Military Academy; Andrew Ross Pfluger, United States Military Academy; Michael A. Butkus P.E., United States Military Academy

were required to answer all questions as “yes” to earn a 12/12 or15/15 as a form of a written contract of their acknowledgement and understanding of thestandards. Once they achieved 100% on the conduct acknowledgement and understanding quiz,the students were able to access the exam.Table 6. Virtual mid-term exam conduct acknowledgement and understanding quiz questions toenable transparent and timely expectations of students to remain ethically clear and ensure thatno one obtains an unfair advantage for their exam experience. NO. QUESTION (RESPONSE OPTIONS: YES / NO) 1 I understand that I am only allowed to use a clean (no stray marks or writing) version of the provided EV350 Useful Equation Sheet and periodic table provided on Blackboard

Conference Session

Potpourri - Technical Session IV

Collection

2018 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity Conference

Authors

Catherine Mobley, Clemson University; Catherine E. Brawner, Research Triangle Educational Consultants; Susan M. Lord, University of San Diego; Joyce B. Main, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Michelle M. Camacho, University of San Diego

Tagged Topics

Veterans

because he “slept through high school,” his grades “were kindof poor.” As a result, he “had no way to pay for college [and] didn’t necessarily want to go tocollege.” He said, “[I] knew I wasn’t ready for college. I didn’t have the work [ethic] for it, for atleast, the scholarly work, in the books.” Realizing that he would not qualify for scholarships, he“needed a way to pay for college,” so he joined the military.The participants who joined the National Guard or Reserves after arriving at college indicatedthey primarily did so to pay for college. For example, B15CH decided to attend B-Collegedirectly after high school, selecting this state university due to its lower tuition rates. His parentspaid for his first year of college and then told him

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maria Soledad Santisteban, University of North Carolina at Pembroke; Jill E. Thomley, Appalachian State University; Rebecca Bullard-Dillard

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

finding internships to every cohort during their first program semester.They also offered a service called “interview stream” for students to practice interviewing skills.Invited experts spoke on topics such as personal finance and ethical issues. Local speakers withSTEM industry experience talked to students about careers in forensics and clinical laboratories.COMPASS scholars attended two presentation and discussion sessions with Dr. Theresa Duelloof the University of Wisconsin-Madison, who has significant experience advising students andplanning for graduate school. The Collegial Academy of the North Carolina Academy of Science(CANCAS) workshop held off-campus at Pfeiffer University offered plentiful opportunities forCOMPASS scholars to learn

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth W. Van Treuren, Baylor University; William M. Jordan P.E., Baylor University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

. Company Culture 8. Work/Life Balance 9. Time Management 6 10. Business Understanding 11. Career Planning – Mentor – Change – Future of Work? 12. Interpersonal Relationships – Superior and subordinate 13. Ethics 14. Communication – Written, Oral, Social Media 15. Processional Societies 16. Service/Outreach 17. Teams/ Leadership 18. Creativity 19. Connections 20. Creating ValueThis list is not exhaustive and might be seen to overlap somewhat with life skills. Being exposedto topics such as these not only prepares

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Work in Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carol S. Gattis, University of Arkansas; Xochitl Delgado Solorzano, University of Arkansas; Don Nix, University of Arkansas; Jennie S. Popp Ph.D., University of Arkansas ; Michele Cleary, Cleary Scientific Intelligence, LLC; Wenjuo Lo, University of Arkansas; Bryan Hill, University of Arkansas; Paul D. Adams, University of Arkansas

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

research course developed by a University ofArkansas engineering professor, Dr. Kevin Hall. Informally dubbed ‘research lite,’ the aim of thiscourse was to demystify the research process. Pre-course surveys tested students on theirunderstanding of what doing research meant and the role of ethics in research. It also askedstudents about their own research experiences (if any) and their perceptions about engaging inresearch in the future and the value of doing research at all.Meeting each Wednesday afternoon for 3 hours, Dr. Hall walked the students through the purposeof research, the scientific method, a description of and the importance of ethical conduct, andcommunication of results. Dr. Hall adopted some of the materials presented in the book

Conference Session

Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chrissy Hobson Foster, Arizona State University; Aubrey Wigner, Arizona State University; Micah Lande, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Shawn S. Jordan, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

. Page 26.1716.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015IntroductionHow to Understand Engineering Life PathwaysEngineering is increasingly understood as a lifelong learning pathway rather than an event thathappens only in a university setting. The National Academy of Engineering’s the Engineer of2020 identifies lifelong learning, practical ingenuity, analytic skills, business management,creativity, cognitive flexibility, ethics, leadership, professionalism, and communication as theknowledge and skills that will be valuable for engineers in the future. These skills can be learnedboth within, and outside of, traditional engineering education. In order to understand howengineering education manifests during

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division: Strategies Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Evelyn R. Sowells, North Carolina A&T State University; Nina Exner, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University; Sherry F. Abernathy, North Carolina A&T State University; Rajeev K. Agrawal, North Carolina A&T State University ; Brenda S. Faison Ph.D., North Carolina A&T State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Affairs, the Living and Learning Community enabled students to experience a more educationally enriched community. These communities focused on a Residential Curriculum that guides the student toward competencies in global critical thinking and reasoning skills, social and civic responsibility, character, ethics, and communication. Data shows that structured activities, such as faculty interactions and LLC participation facilitate an easier academic transition for students20, 21. The university created the Technology and Innovation Learning Community in 2012. Students in the Technology and Innovation Living and Learning Community lived on the same floor of their dormitory, and benefited from the friendship and support of being