Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles E. Pierce, University of South Carolina; Gurcan Comert, Benedict College; Samuel Darko, Benedict College; Balaji Iyangar, Benedict College; Robert Petrulis, EPRE Consulting LLC; Zulfikar Berk, University of South Carolina; Nathan N. Huynh, University of South Carolina

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

critical thinking and deep learning of students when immersed in various active learning environments.Gurcan Comert, Benedict College Associate Professor of Engineering at Benedict College, has expertise in risk analyses and intelligent transportation systems via the development of applications of statistical models on different systems such as traffic signals and freeway monitoring. He is also engaged in the modeling and quantifying of cy- berattacks at transportation networks under the framework of connected and autonomous vehicles. He is currently serving as associate director at the Tier 1 University Transportation Center for Connected Multimodal Mobility. Part of different NSF and DOT funded projects, he has worked

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division - Visualization and Mathematics

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristen L. Sanford Bernhardt P.E., Lafayette College; Mary Roth P.E., Lafayette College

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs, Mathematics

that apply to multiple areas ofengineering (e.g., that students will understand the engineering design process), each section ofthe course may take different pedagogical approaches to achieving those outcomes. In addition,each professor selects his/her own topic and adds specific student learning outcomes to thecommon outcomes that are related to his/her area of disciplinary expertise. The sections of thecourse that serve as the foundation for the work presented in this paper are taught by facultymembers in chemical engineering, civil engineering, and mechanical engineering.The authors are motivated by a desire to understand how the different approaches faculty used inthis introductory course impact student learning. In a pilot project in fall

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Postcard Session 2: Identity and Sense of Belonging

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abigail M. Clark, Ohio State University; Rachel Louis Kajfez, Ohio State University; Mahnas Jean Mohammadi-Aragh, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

’ experiences and develop a futureprotocol and establish a baseline of identity and community development for FYE students. Thesurvey is part of a multi-year project, and this initial understanding will shape future interviewsallowing the impact of the FYE experience to be further explored. Ultimately, the larger studyseeks to understand the impact various decisions made regarding FYE have on community andidentity development as student move through multiple pathways. The baseline survey will guidethe development of future aspects of this project while providing insights about FYE students’communities and views of themselves.IntroductionOver the last several years, there have been calls for changes to engineering education in order toensure that

Conference Session

Track: Special Topic - Social Justice & Reform Technical Session 5

Collection

2019 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity

Authors

Kristin Boudreau, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Leo Ryan Bunyea, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; David DiBiasio, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Rozwell Johnson; Zoe Reidinger

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Special Topic: Social Justice & Reform

as 2004 chair of the ASEE ChE Division, has served as an ABET program evaluator and on the AIChE/ABET Education & Accreditation Committee. He has also served as Assessment Coordinator in WPI’s Interdis- ciplinary and Global Studies Division and as Director of WPI’s Washington DC Project Center. He was secretary/treasurer of the new Education Division of AIChE. In 2009 he was awarded the rank of Fellow in the ASEE, and in 2013 was awarded the rank of Fellow in AIChE.Rozwell JohnsonDr. Zoe Reidinger c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 IntegratingInclusivePedagogyandExperientialLearningtoSupportStudent Empowerment,Activism,andInstitutionalChange

Conference Session

Designing and Implementing Leadership Development Experiences for Engineering Students

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Harold Ackler, Boise State University; Heidi Reeder, Boise State University; Abbey Louie

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development

of Georgia [12].The current approach was motivated by two primary goals: 1. Provide this education and training to all engineering students in the major without requiring additional courses. 2. Provide this education and training within the context of their team engineering capstone projects to improve their ability to apply what they have learned.These goals highlight perhaps the two main differences between explicit and non-explicit ELEprograms. The former programs are a separate course of study with the benefit of being muchmore rigorous, thorough and resulting in a certificate or minor, but at the cost of more selectparticipation and loss of elective courses as well as greater institutional expense. The latterprograms can

Conference Session

K-12 and Bridge Experiences in Engineering Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Timothy Ryan Duckett, University of Toledo; Gale A. Mentzer, Acumen Research and Evaluation, LLC

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

- fessional program evaluator since 1998. She holds a PhD in Educational Research and Measurement from The University of Toledo and a Master of Arts in English Literature and Language—a unique combination of specializations that melds quantitative and qualitative methodologies. She and has extensive experience in the evaluation of projects focused on STEM education including evaluations of several multi-million dollar federally funded projects. Previously she taught graduate level courses for the College of Education at The University of Toledo in Statistics, Testing and Grading, Research Design, and Program Evaluation. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Measuring student

Conference Session

2-Year College Division: Collaboration Between Institutions

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michael Littrell, Tennessee Tech University; George Chitiyo, Tennessee Tech University; Ismail Fidan, Tennessee Tech University; Mel Cossette, Edmonds Community College; Thomas Singer, Sinclair Community College; Ed Tackett, University of Louisville

Tagged Divisions

Two-Year College

manufacturing, electronics manufacturing, distance learning, and STEM education. Dr. Fidan is a member and active participant of SME, ASEE, ABET, ASME, and IEEE. He is also the Associate Editor of IEEE Trans- actions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology and International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing.Ms. Mel Cossette, Edmonds Community College Mel Cossette is the Executive Director and Principal Investigator for the National Science Foundation- ATE funded National Resource Center for Materials Technology Education (MatEdU) and the Technician Education in Additive Manufacturing & Materials (TEAMM) project housed at Edmonds Community College in Lynnwood, WA. Mel has over 20 years of experience in

Conference Session

Engineering Design Graphics Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David Torick, Washington State University; Nandita Biswas, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

. Workflow Management- business processes such as design approval and purchasing workflow 5. Project Management- activates and project management information such as the state of files or milestonesBuchal [7] has described PDM as having four main functions: 1. Data Vault and document management- control of files by "checking out," revision control, and archiving 2. Workflow and process management- specific roles can be assigned to team members, notifications of changes to components are communicated to the team, states such as checked-out, for review, and approved, business processes for design and even procurement 3. Product Structure- Bill of Materials (BOM), the integrity of file references for parts

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: Student Thought

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Brent K. Jesiek, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Stephanie Claussen, Colorado School of Mines; Shiloh James Howland, Brigham Young University; Dayoung Kim, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Swetha Nittala, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #30724Foundations of Social and Ethical Responsibility Among UndergraduateEngineering Students: Overview of ResultsDr. Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering) Carla B. Zoltowski is an assistant professor of engineering practice in the Schools of Electrical and Com- puter Engineering and (by courtesy) Engineering Education, and Director of the Vertically Integrated Projects (VIP) Program within the College of Engineering at Purdue. She holds a B.S.E.E., M.S.E.E., and Ph.D. in Engineering Education, all from Purdue. Her research interests include the professional for

Conference Session

Mechatronics and Robotics I

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Carlotta A. Berry, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Michael A. Gennert, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Rebecca Marie Reck, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. Michael A. Gennert, Worcester Polytechnic Institute Michael A. Gennert is Professor of Robotics Engineering, CS, and ECE at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, where he leads the WPI Humanoid Robotics Laboratory and was Founding Director of the Robotics Engineering Program. He has worked at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, the University of California Riverside, PAR Technology Corporation, and General Electric. He received the S.B. in CS, S.B. in EE, and S.M. in EECS in 1980 and the Sc.D. in EECS in 1987 from MIT. Dr. Gennert’s research interests include robotics, computer vision, and image processing, with ongoing projects in humanoid robotics, robot navigation and guidance, biomedical image processing

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: First Year Programming (1)

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Brett Tallman P.E., Montana State University; Tessa Sybesma, Montana State University; William J. Schell IV P.E., Montana State University; Bryce E. Hughes, Montana State University; Monika Kwapisz, Montana State University; Emma Annand, Montana State University; Shannon Ranch, Montana State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

licensed Professional Engineer. He has also taught high school and attended seminary. You can find more of his engineering education work at educadia.org or on his YouTube channel.Miss Tessa Sybesma, Montana State University Tessa is in her fourth year of study at Montana State University and has participated with a campus re- search team for the last year. She is currently enrolled in Industrial and Management Systems Engineering and has interests in facilities planning, change management, and project management. She also finds ed- ucation, human development, and peer support to be motivating topics. While at MSU Tessa has been involved with CRU, a campus ministry, and is currently vice president of Alpha Pi Mu, an

Collection

2017 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Jun-Ing Ker

engineering courses are stilldelivered in traditional classroom settings. Traditional education always faces the problem ofbridging the gap between what is taught in the classroom and what is needed in real life.Nevertheless, certain critical engineering skills cannot be fully comprehended in school withoutvertically integrating lower level and upper level engineering courses. For instance, in INEN401 Engineering Statistics II, industrial engineering juniors learn how to apply statistical qualitycontrol methods to monitor product quality in a manufacturing facility. While the quality controlconcepts are learned through lectures, homework exercises and a class project, students never gothrough the complete process of root causes identification and

Collection

2020 PPC

Authors

Michael Cox

…  Investing in STEM education  Inspiring innovation in education, our industry and our workforce  Partnering with universities to build core aerospace engineering competencies through hands-on capstone projects (AerosPACE)  Financing advanced learning solutions for current and future employees (MIT, NSF, others)  Improving equity and diversity through policy and

Conference Session

EMD Program Design

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cassandra Elrod, University of Missouri; Ashley Rasnic, University of Missouri; William Daughton, University of Missouri

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

Bridge the Gap Material/Equipment Management Business Operations Management Science Decision MakingTerm Systems Problem Solving Ethics Staffing Controlling Resources Project Management Organizations Planning Marketing Cost/Finance Organizing Communication Leadership

Conference Session

Design in the ECE Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yi Cheng, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona; Kathleen Hayden, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona; Zekeriya Aliyazicioglu, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

them.Debugging of a complex SHC system was made easier by using Xilinx ChipScope, whichwas similar to a logic analyzer for hardware debugging of digital circuits. A ChipScopeCore was instantiated and connected to the on-chip peripheral bus to enable it to captureany data on the addresses, data, and control information on the bus. One could set uptriggering conditions based on the address, data or control.The six laboratories were adopted from a two-day faculty workshop conducted by Xilinx.Despite the minor differences in the software version of Xilinx Platform Studio and thetargeted FPGA boards, most of the students in the class were able to successfullycomplete the lab assignments.Several SHC design projects were studied and analyzed in the class, but

Conference Session

Engineering and Poverty

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Legand Burge, Tuskegee University; Heshmat Aglan, Tuskegee University; Pradosh Ray, Tuskegee University; Nader Vahdat, Tuskegee University; Connie Price, Tuskegee University; Prakash Sharma, Tuskegee University; Stephen Sodeke, Tuskegee University; Vascar Harris, Tuskegee University; Gregory Murphy, Tuskegee University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

. Engineering has a direct andvital impact on the quality of life for all people. Accordingly, the services provided by engineersrequire honesty, impartiality, fairness, and equity, and must be dedicated to the protection of thepublic health, safety, and welfare. Engineers must perform under a standard of professionalbehavior that requires adherence to the highest principles of ethical conduct. When a solution canbe found it is important to contribute the innovation in technology to society.Engineering as Social ExperimentThis lecture is provided to students to emphasize that engineering is an experimental process. Atits heart, engineering is an experiment on a social scale involving human subjects. The reason isthat any engineering project is carried

Conference Session

Special Session on Fixed-Point Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Hill, University of Hartford; Hisham Alnajjar, University of Hartford; Saeid Moslehpour, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

developing the discrete time signal processing toolkit for a digital signal processing(DSP) course, to be useful to students learning DSP principles as well as to advanced studentsworking on their own projects. As an introductory tool, the toolkit will allow a deductiveapproach where students investigate existing systems. Advanced students ready for a moreinductive approach can use the toolkit in their own projects by drawing schematics or modifyingexample VHDL modules. Students are not expected to write code using a hardware descriptionlanguage, but the underlying code is always available for inspection.The toolkit is multipurpose that along with course materials provides several methods to processsignals. First off, the toolkit demonstrates signal

Conference Session

Issues of Cooperative Education II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jean-Claude Thomassian, State University of New York, Maritime College; Anoop Desai, Georgia Southern University; Patrick kinnicutt, Central Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

Science Informatics at Central Michigan University, where he holds a joint appointment in the Geology and Computer Science Departments. His areas of research include spatial modeling and visualization, applications of non-Euclidean distance metrics in geotatistical modeling, applied image processing. Page 13.782.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Interactive Learning in Engineering EducationAbstractIncorporating active/cooperative learning into traditional instruction can be a useful pedagogicaltool to help students collectively work on a project inside and outside of

Conference Session

Graduate Education in Engineering Technology

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tom Eppes, University of Hartford; Ivana Milanovic, University of Hartford; Janice Girouard, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, management and specialtopics. MIM is envisioned to complement the current project-based Masters program and enableits transition to a thesis-based track.The need to improve the linkage between our undergraduate and graduate studies is alsodiscussed. We intend to expand eligibility and increase awareness for undergraduate students aswell as create more relevant alternatives for part-time graduate students. Such an integratedapproach is expected to yield a sequence of enrollment increments as the proposed changes areimplemented and publicized within our target market. This in turn should set the stage for themigration to a thesis-based Masters. The changes we have made or proposed create an array ofeducational pathways greater than the sum of their

Conference Session

Reaching Students: Innovations to Curriculum in ET

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

C. Richard Helps, Brigham Young University; Mark Patterson, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

-designexperiential learning experiences (labs and projects) to incorporate current technology to provideauthentic experiences. The obstacles to achieving this in high-tech fields include the time andcost of constant re-design. In order to reduce the financial cost of redesign, faculty memberssometime spend a lot of time seeking discounts and donors. In addition time and effort isexpended negotiating with the administration for support for more new lab equipment. All of thisleaves less time for teaching and research. Once the equipment is purchased courses and labexperiences are re-designed to incorporate the new technology. The technical turnover intechnology classes is substantial. In electronics there is a continual drift towards more capablesystems as

Conference Session

Multinational and International Design

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Somerton, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

ovens.This will paper will address how such a design project was undertaken including detailsof the modeling and easing analysis, the manufacturing process, and the lessons learnedin taking a taking a group of engineering students to Africa. Page 13.340.2

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Hoffbeck, University of Portland

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

filter, timing recovery algorithm, and slicer. The FM radio signal can be used inclassroom demonstrations or in student projects or homework assignments to enhance acommunication systems course, motivate the students with a real-world system, and to providestudents with the practical experience of creating and testing a software defined radio receiver.IntroductionSome students are more motivated to learn material when it is clear that the material is useful inreal systems. One way to show how concepts are used in practice is to examine existingcommercial systems, but gaining access to commercial systems is impractical in many cases.However, capturing the wireless signals generated by real systems is often possible withcommercially available test

Conference Session

Been There/Done That: Advice for NEEs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Somerton, Michigan State University; Laura Genik, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Black Engineers (NSBE), andAmerican Indian Science & Engineering Society (AISES). Finally there are theorganizations that focus on build projects that include concrete canoe, steel bridge,formula SAE, SAE Baja and challenge X competition teams. Many of theaforementioned organizations can fall into this final category, making advising two-fold: Page 13.163.2focusing on the tenets of the organization as well as an involved design and build. All ofthese organizations have an advisor or counselor, though in recent years there has been amove away from “faculty” advisors. ASME now calls their advisors “student sectionadvisors” and allow for ASME

Conference Session

Preparing the Future Workforce in Aerospace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology; Marilyn Smith, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

program, and thefindings from the numerous seminar summaries developed by the scholarsThe original CSEMS program was set up as a Congressional condition for expanding the H-1Bvisa program. It sought to address the shortage of qualified people going into technologicalcareers in the US. NSF provides the funds as a lump sum grant for 4 years, to be distributed at$100K per year. As the CSEMS program’s continuation under Congressional mandate appeareddoubtful in 2004, our project was renewed early, with the new program’s official start date beingJanuary 2005. Funds from the new project were first used in Fall 2005, so that this is the end ofthe second year of its operation. The original parameters of the program were that1. Recipients had to be

Conference Session

Teaching Innovation in Architectural Engineering I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gouranga Banik, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

projects assigned to the course, providing ample office hours, lecturing clearly, real-lifeapplications and faculty fairness.Key Words: GPA, Teaching Effectiveness, Students, Faculty, ConstructionIntroductionFinding an appropriate mechanism to evaluate teaching and its effectiveness has always been,and continues to remain, a difficult task. In a national study that tracked the use of studentevaluations of faculty in 600 colleges between 1973 and 1993, the use of student evaluationincreased from 20% to 86% (Seldin, P. 1993). Student evaluation of faculty has become the mostprevalent mechanism to examine the quality and effectiveness of teaching (Lindenlaub, J andOreovics, F., 1982; Haskell, R. 1988).The philosophy behind the student evaluation of

Conference Session

FPD9 -- Teaching Methods & Technology

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Dean, Old Dominion University; Bonita Anthony, Old Dominion University; Linda Vahala, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

theDepartment of Engineering Technology (which offers degrees in Mechanical EngineeringTechnology, Civil Engineering Technology and Electrical Engineering Technology). The twocourse sequence, Exploring Engineering and Technology I and II, involve the five departmentsin teaching at least one five week module in each of the two courses. Each department generallyinvolves the students in a basic design project related to its discipline.The freshman course sequence has provided an excellent opportunity for the BCET to interactwith first year engineering students to address the issues related to student retention and allowsthe division to provide student guidance in determining the appropriate major that best satisfiestheir individual needs in choosing a

Conference Session

Reforming the Industrial Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ana Ferreras, University of Central Florida; Lesia Crumpton-Young, University of Central Florida; Sandra Furterer, University of Central Florida; Luis Rabelo, University of Central Florida; Kent Williams, University of Central Florida; Pamela McCauley-Bell, University of Central Florida; Edward Hampton, University of Central Florida

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

and management topics in Engineering Education, curriculum reform isneeded to adequately prepare students. Thus, this paper discusses the development of a minorprogram of specialty in Engineering Leadership & Management that can be pursued by allengineering and computer science majors while completing a BS degree.Keywords: Leadership, Management, Engineering Education, and Curriculum Reform.IntroductionEngineering education in the United States is currently undergoing a crucial period of awarenesswhere the necessity to reform academic program curriculum is becoming more evident in orderto maintain technological leadership and competitiveness of the US in a global economy. Thefollowing table shows the "Occupational employment projections

Conference Session

Design in the BME Curriculum and ABET Assessment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jason Bazil, Purdue University; Aaron Kyle, Purdue University; Suneera Bhatia, Purdue University; Brain Moerdyk, Purdue University; Thomas Talavage, Purdue University; Andrew Brightman, Purdue University; Allison Sieving, Purdue University; George Graber, Purdue University; Ann Rundell, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

laboratory componentculminates in a two-week design project to solve a bioinstrumentation problem. Studentsemploy a structured design process in problem formulation, brainstorming, research, designevaluation, and implementation. After the initial offering of this course, students learned basiccircuit theory and fundamental measurement principles. These laboratory exercises develop thestudents' understanding of bioelectric phenomena and bioinstrumentation, and their ability toaccurately measure physiological events.1 Introduction Many Biomedical Engineering (BME) programs have implemented a bioinstrumentationcourse requiring prior linear circuit theory instruction. Such programs often evolved fromElectrical Engineering (EE) classes that had been

Conference Session

Mentoring Graduate Students

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sharnnia Artis, Virginia Tech; Glenda Scales, Virginia Tech; Odis Griffin, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

agraduate of CLOIP), while the students served as interns in the program. Consistent with theoriginal course learning objectives, the primary learning objective of the CLOIP was to ensurethat the interns gained experience on how to design and develop training programs using a socio-technical system designed perspective. The use of role play allowed the students to participate ina real-world learning environment.To enhance the role play scenarios and facilitate subsequent course assignments, an executivefrom industry served as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of ACME, Inc., another fictitiouscompany. The CEO was responsible for assigning the teams semester projects and serving as acourse resource. The course was organized to provide student

Conference Session

K-12 Programs for Recruiting Women

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Firouzeh Keshmiri, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Ann Bloor, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Mary Jo Wellenstein, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Education, 2006 Wisconsin and Hawaii WIT Partnership to Encourage Women and Girls in Rural Areas to Pursue STEM FieldsAbstractXXX in Milwaukee, Wis., is spearheading a new partnership with Hawaii’s XXXX toencourage women and girls living in rural areas to enter into science, technology, engineeringand math (STEM) fields. The partnership’s mission is to: • Ensure that women and girls, especially in rural areas, have more opportunities to be engaged in STEM careers. • Develop program models that can be adopted in the future by local organizations and institutionsThe Wisconsin and Hawaii Women in Technology projects are funded in part by the CooperativeState Research, Education, and Extension Service of the