ensure they receiveeffective instruction when resources, especially time, were limited? The answer was to betterutilize an existing resource – the GTAs who assessed student work.Evolution of GTAs and Writing in EngineeringIn the last fifty years, the literature on GTA training has evolved from non-existent to discipline-specific, with the need for such training undisputed but the content of the training of moreinterest lately [5-9]. In addition, GTA self-efficacy, which involves “beliefs in one’s capabilitiesto organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments” [10], hasalso been the subject of research [11-12]. Additional research has been done in training GTAs toteach writing in composition courses [13-15] and
that they are capable of completing a learning task (self-efficacy) and the degree to which they think that the activity is valuable to their long-term future.Students interested short-term value of their learning are more likely to use strategies thatfacilitate quick learning, rather than deep understanding, and will be less motivated to learn. Thiswas also demonstrated in the results of the SCMC where student strongly agreed with the impactof contextualization on future classes, program goals and future careers. Another measure of achievement was the change in final exam score distribution for thefour instructors in the JTF project as shown in the four distributions in Figure 5. Four the fourdistributions for the four instructors
college students, particularly in enhancing self-efficacy and career aspirations [8].Bureaucratic processes at four-year institutions add another layer of complexity, potentiallybecoming obstacles to academic progression [9]. Recommendations from research include theutilization of tools such as the Transfer Guide Modified (TGM) for a more in-depth explorationof student experiences, especially focusing on those with varying scores within the TGM'sdifferent factors [1].Navigating academia requires not only academic resilience but also adapting to newsociocultural environments. These experiences often reshape student identities, making themmore resilient and prepared for future challenges. The nuances of race and ethnicity in transferexperiences
, mathematics, and technology in instruction that combines subjectmatter and pedagogical knowledge. Evans[20] and Thomas, Cooper, and Ponticell[21]describe staff development programs for in-service mathematics teachers that useinquiry-based, science and mathematics classroom instruction. Instruction that integratesscience and mathematics process skills is common, but consistent integration of contentmaterial requires changes to current teacher development practices[22]. Increases inteachers’ mathematics and science self-efficacy beliefs have resulted from completingintegrated mathematics and science methods courses[23]. Integrated investigations provideteachers with opportunities to engage in the creative aspects of mathematics discoveryand exploration
those in the earlier rounds of the Delphiprocess as an essential component of engineering global preparedness that they termed “personalqualities.” Specifically, they suggested, “Personal qualities are something we want individualsto have. We can cultivate the qualities.” Additionally and particular to this category, a number ofitems put forth during the Delphi process were recommended by the SMEs as candidate items ofpersonal qualities including “mental agility/flexibility,” “curiosity,” “self-efficacy/can-do-attitude,” “desire to experience other cultures,” “open positive attitude,” “integrated thinking,”“cultural self-awareness,” “integrity,” and “ability to work well with others
measuring self-efficacy for the students in thevarious courses at each institution ranged from 56 to 68. These scores tended to vary widelybetween individuals; at institution B the average individual confidence scores ranged from 13 to100 (Table 4). For incoming first year students to feel fully confident (score=100) in their abilityto identify, understand, and assess the social, economic, and environmental elements, risks,impacts, and interdependencies as related to engineering projects seems to represent naïveunderstanding of the true complexities of these challenges. Thus, the sophomore students atinstitution C may have been better calibrated to their own knowledge and limitations when theyrated these items (with an average score of 56
quantitative measures may not beassessed until decades later, e.g., when a 2nd grader eventually chooses to pursue a STEM majorin college. Qualitative aspects can include analyses of interviews and free response survey datato ascertain improved sense of belonging, self-efficacy, or access to educational opportunitiesamong the target population. They could also include an increased understanding of gender orrace/ethnicity in STEM opportunities, skills development in becoming an equity advocate, and adeepening passion for DEI in STEM. They could also include subtle data-driven shifts in cultureor practice, e.g., creating groups for class assignments where female students are not isolated,sustaining near peer-mentor networks, or sustainability and
taxonomy of motivation theorieswhich captures the breadth of motivation in educational research. Eccles and Wigfield groupedtheories into four categories 1) expectancy (e.g., belief about the difficulty of a task and a person’sability to perform it successfully); 2) reasons for engagement; 3) integrating expectancy and valueof a task; and 4) integrating motivation and cognition. This systematic review found that over halfof the articles found did not have a specified framework for their study. Of the papers that used aframework, three were most prevalent including Bandura’s self-efficacy construct68, Deci andRyan’s self-determination theory69, and Eccles and Wigfield’s expectancy-value theory70. Self-efficacy is one’s belief in his or her ability
while maintaining students’ satisfaction levels [66].For a holistic understanding of CS support programs’ impact on affective outcomes, we will alsoinclude measures that have been previously associated with persistence in STEM, such astechnical confidence [31], [32], [36], [69], [70] and professional role confidence [34], [63], [71].Further, we will be interested in how social capital influences the relationship between students’perceived performance/competence in CS and persistence. Performance/competence is theorizedto be an advanced measure of self-efficacy [36] – also linked to student retention in CS [72] –and shown to have a direct effect on students’ interest and persistence in CS [36]. Finally, wewill also add social-benefit interest
studentswith greater mindfulness (trait mindfulness) and was more evident when the task demandedsignificant working memory resources [15]. Another study [16], including 75 students in anintroductory solid mechanics course, measured students' self-reported trait mindfulness at thetime of completing the mindfulness instruments. This study did not conduct mindfulness trainingwith the students. However, the self-reported mindfulness measures revealed that traitmindfulness does not correlate with students' final grades or mechanics self-efficacy butpositively correlates with business skills self-efficacy. The study further suggests thatmindfulness-based classroom activities may help broaden the engineering education experience.Some research results suggest
artifact in comparison to the agreed-upon engineering specifications.3.2 Student Identity and Attitude towards Service AssessmentA conceptualization of the impact of project-based service-learning on the knowledge, skills,attitudes, and identity of the participants is presented by Bielefeldt et al.11 and a general list ofindicators (demographics, self-efficacy, attitudes towards learning, engineering learningoutcomes, well-being, mindset, work and life, engineering identity, and interculturalcompetency) is presented by Patterson et al.12 to study the impacts of learning through service.The extent to which each one of these dimensions/indicators is affected will depend on the levelof complexity of the experience as well as the learning objectives
about how these objects would be used by Owen in school. This lesson was centered on Reading, one of the three “R’s,” but certainly integrated T&E in a very intimate and direct manner. The MST students routinely design outstanding cross-curricular lessons, often integrating T&E content.(2) “Internal” Research: a) Survey student teachers and their experience and lesson plans. b) Technological literacy, T&E anxiety & self-efficacy of teacher candidates (MST vs. non-MST populations). c) STEM affect of teacher candidates (MST vs. non-MST populations). d) Lesson plan design effectiveness w.r.t. STEM, but especially T&E content (MST vs. non-MST populations).(3) “External” Research: a) Locate
shows a student performing an experiment using one of the devices developed in the ECPproject. By adopting ECP, students were able to have a better understanding in the course (COSC243 – Computer Architecture) and other STEM subjects that are part of the project.Figure 6: Students setting up the experiment.The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) developed by Pintrich, Smith,García, and McKeachie [15] was used to measure key constructs associated with students’ success,such as motivation, epistemic and perceptual curiosity, and self-efficacy. The effectiveness of theimplementation of ECP was evaluated using the MLSQ measure, which consists of a learninggoals scale that is further divided into cognitive and resource management
explored in an effort tomeasure the effectiveness of the intervention. In the RCT reported here, participants weredivided into two treatment groups, one that had access to the entire CareerWISE website, onethat had access to all site content with the exception of the interactive video simulations, and await-list control group (WLC). The WLC group was given access to the entire online resource ata later time, which allowed those participants to also gain any associated positive impacts. Outcome measures for the RCT included self-reported knowledge of and self-efficacy ininterpersonal communication skills and ability to apply key interpersonal communication skills.Comparisons based on outcome measures were made both between the two treatment
]. Students whose identities align with their academic community experienceincreased persistence and better retention [25, 49-52].Engineering identity has also been linked to improved sense of belonging, or the feeling ofbeing included in the engineering community [53]. Students are more likely to stay in theirengineering programs if they feel they are part of that academic environment [54-55]. Sense ofbelonging has also been positively correlated to academic engagement and self-efficacy inSTEM disciplines [56]; factors that are also linked to retention [57].Engineering identity and sense of belonging become even more important when consideringhistorically underrepresented groups in engineering. Lack of belonging continues to be one ofthe top reasons
. Theauthor differentiated between the self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, the latter of whichis used for this study, by explaining that outcome expectations “are individual judgments aboutthe potential outcomes of their behaviors” [7, pp. 1088]. Siwatu [7] asserted that thecompetencies selected for the instruments are rooted in literature that reflects the voices ofpractitioners and pioneers in research who have advocated for the culturally sensitive andrelevant teaching practices that associated closely with a culturally responsive pedagogicalapproach. The author noted that these instruments were developed due to shortage of scales thatmeasure preservice or practicing teacher beliefs regarding CRP. Despite the changing demographics of
groups in computer science programs and careers have been suggested. Lackof access to computing technology, inadequate K-12 preparation, lack of role-models, stereotypethreat, and lower self-efficacy have all been identified as reasons non-majority students do notenter or eventually leave computing programs [8]-[19]. Specifically in STEM fields anddisciplines, non-majority students’ sense of belonging is imperative to their retention and successwithin STEM programs and is associated with a variety of positive outcomes for individualsincluding: increased GPA, increased self-reported health and well-being, and increased academicscores [20], [21]. Yet, in direct opposition to non-majority students cultivating this sense ofbelonging, or fit, in
scenarios to understand aconcept or relationship. The tool measures the students’ self-efficacy beliefs with respect to theirknowledge gained from using the tool, and objectively measures their understanding of theconcepts as well as their confidence in their understanding.The Methods section details the study instruments and the software tools developed. The Resultssection provides details on the recorded differences in student learning attainment as measuredby student performance on the interactive posttest. Multiple factors affecting studentperformance including time spent exploring the software tool and interface type (continuous vsdiscrete) were explored. The new direct metric of student interaction time combined with theincreased sample size
elementary school students’ situational interest, self-efficacy, and achievement emotions,” Int. J. STEM Educ., vol. 5, no. 1, p. 43, Dec. 2018, doi:10.1186/s40594-018-0129-0.
B. A. Montelone, “KS-LSAMP pathways to STEM: A system approach to minority participation in STEM,” in Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, USA, June 14-17, 2015. Available: https://peer.asee.org/24389[2] C. S. H. Kamphoff, Bryant I; Amundsen, Scoot A, Atwood, Julie A, "A motivational/empowerment model applied to students on academic probation". Journal College Student Retention, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 397-412, 2006.[3] A. Bandura, Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman, 1997.[4] W. Glasser, Reality therapy in action. New York: HarperCollins, 2000.[5] J. L. Bloom, and N. A. Martin, “Incorporating appreciate inquiry into academicadvising
(Award#1238089) project designed to develop, implement, andtest a set of three, 18-week engineering curricula for grades 6 – 8. This curriculum uses appliedengineering problems, Problem-Based Learning (PBL), and an engaging, single, semester-longcontext for each grade level. The curriculum creates an experience designed to promote studentengagement in engineering work, self-efficacy for engineering skills, persistence in engineering,and enhanced academic performance in not only engineering but also science and math. Thisapproach is grounded in the literature [5, 9, 10, 11, 12] as well as relevant teaching experiencesamong the curriculum designers. PBL, a cognitive-apprenticeship model with collaborative problem solving at its core
. However, point values wereincreased for the second Cohort and the data remained collapsible.Finally, it is possible that the measures used in the present investigation are not actuallypredictive of persistence in an engineering program, and therefore the null result we founddepicts the true state of reality. There are myriad components to self-regulation beyond thesubset chosen for this study. For example, self-efficacy, or the personal belief that one can orcannot accomplish particular tasks in particular domains, has been linked to academic outcomes[16], as have implicit theories regarding the source of one’s intelligence in subsequentimplications for outcomes [17, 18]. Nelson and colleagues incorporated knowledge building andclass goal
engineers do. These questions were crafted as the authors had previously observed thatmiddle school students abandoned the idea of becoming an engineer either because of lack ofself-confidence in succeeding as an engineer or lack of understanding of what engineers do (e.g.,more than build bridges, make cars, and work at chemical plants). The survey began with a set ofLikert-type statements to determine students’ interest and self-efficacy in engineering with thechoices: yes, a lot; yes, a little bit; not sure; probably not; and no way (see Appendix B). Thenext question was open-ended and directed students to list as many types of engineering as theycould. The last question consisted of a list of 14 things and instructed students to answer
academic competency but also comfortability, self-efficacy,and awareness [6]. Early exposure to different STEM career paths increases the chance of astudent choosing STEM as their career destination. More specifically, Dou et al. found thatinformal STEM experiences including “science consumption” through STEM activities at homeand conversations with family and friends about science “were predictive of STEM identity incollege” [7]. Further, research shows that social capital is key to broadening participation inSTEM; Saw suggests that a student’s social capital is “derived from families, peers, teachers, andprofessional networks” and supports their academic performance in STEM subjects as well astheir career trajectory in STEM pathways [8
, graduate research, etc.) aims to prepare graduate students fora workforce – in academia, industry, government, or nonprofits – that requires transdisciplinaryproblem solving both locally and globally.Results of Cohort 1 are reported here since the data set includes all three time points, specificallypre-survey to follow-up survey. When comparing Cohort 1 trainee baseline and follow-upresults, all four subscales within the Research Self-efficacy scale showed statistically significantincreases. Cohort 1 trainees reported statistically significant positive changes inConceptualization (mean change=15.6; p<0.001), Implementation (mean change=14.2; p<0.01),Early Task (mean change=9.8; p<0.05), and Presenting the Results (mean change=15.5;p<
Strategies on Performance in General Chemistry Courses,” Journal of Chemical Education, 2013, 90, 961-7.12. Credé, M., and Kuncel, N. R., (2008), “Study Habits, Skills, and Attitudes The Third Pillar Supporting Collegiate Academic Performance,” Perspectives on Psychology Science, Vol. 3, n. 6, pp. 425-453.13. Elliott, Timothy R.; Godshall, Frank; Shrout, John R.; Witty, Thomas E. (1990), “Problem-solving appraisal, self-reported study habits, and performance of academically at-risk college students.” Journal of Counseling Psychology, Vol 37(2), Apr 1990, 203- 20714. Ogden, N., Evans, S., Thurlow, G. (2012), “Student Self-Efficacy and Attitudes Following Integration of Study Strategy Information into Course Content.” Paper 12
. 2. 2006.[8] A. Godwin, “The Development of a Measure of Engineering Identity,” 123rd Am. Soc. Eng. Educ. Annu. Conf. Expo., p. 15, 2016.[9] Z. Hazari, G. Sonnert, P. M. Sadler, and M.-C. Shanahan, “Connecting high school physics experiences, outcome expectations, physics identity, and physics career choice: A gender study,” J. Res. Sci. Teach., vol. 47, no. 8, p. n/a-n/a, 2010.[10] R. M. Marra, K. A. Rodgers, D. Shen, and B. Bogue, “Women Engineering Students and Self-Efficacy: A Multi-Year, Multi-Institution Study of Women Engineering Student Self- Efficacy,” J. Eng. Educ., vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 27–38, 2009.[11] E. Seymour and N. M. Hewitt, Talking about Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences. Westview
earned afirst-year GPA less than 2.000. In their conclusions, Zhang et al. stated, “We hypothesize thecausal link that student self-efficacy improves with academic success and self-efficacy lead toimproved retention.”6 In contrast, the Seymour and Hewitt study found no strong relationshipbetween academic performance and retention in STEM programs.7Within engineering, Calculus I is considered a gateway course to success in engineering. Correctplacement into either Pre-Calculus or Calculus I has received substantial research. Because of thecalculus content in the majority of engineering courses, successful completion of Calculus I, witha very good to excellent understanding of the calculus concepts is important for other courses inthe freshman
adaptation of theLaanan-transfer students' questionnaire,13,14,15 a survey from the NSF-funded Prototype toProduction study,16 and Measuring Constructs of STEM Student Success Literacy: CommunityCollege Students’ Self-Efficacy, Social Capital, and Transfer Knowledge.17,18 For a fulldescription of the survey development process, steps that were put into place to support constructvalidity, and individual campus customization procedures, please see our work in progress paperfrom the 2015 Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference titled Transfer Student Pathways toEngineering Degrees: A Multi-Institutional Study Based in Texas.19 Table 1. Project four-year institutions and partner community colleges. Four-Year Institution
camps arepositioned to reduce these challenges by offering girl participants more opportunities to directlycontribute to STEM related components of the project.Prior research has provided insight into girls’ attitudes towards STEM and methods forencouraging their persistence (Microsoft, 2018; Mosatche, Matloff-Nieves, Kekelis, & Lawner,2013; Dasgupta & Stout, 2014; McGrath, 2004, Hughes, 2013, Seron, 2016). Although thestudies identified the need to improve self-efficacy and a sense of belonging with efforts such asproviding female role models and opportunities for teamwork, these studies did not address girls’perception of belonging in STEM teamwork activities. SEEK insights suggest differentperceptions exist between girls and boys