Conference Session

Building Knowledge Based Economies: the Role of Industry-University-Government Partnerships

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lueny Morell, Hewlett-Packard; Martina Trucco, Hewlett-Packard; Edgardo Torres-Caballero, Hewlett Packard; Francisco Andrade, Hewlett-Packard México, S. de R.L. de C.V.

Tagged Divisions

International

continues to study the pharmaceutical e-marketing space.Edgardo Torres-Caballero, Hewlett Packard Edgardo Torres-Caballero. Joined HP in June 2004 as a Business Planning Manager for the Ink Supplies Business, Americas Hub. Since July 2005, Torres-Caballero has been working as Government Affairs Manager / Public Sector Advocacy business alignment for Latin America and Caribbean, where he supports HP’s business units in this region and is responsible for advancing HP’s interests on public policy issues, access to markets, access to technology and advocacy efforts before government entities. Edgardo is a former deputy secretary of Economic Development and Commerce of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. He

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

E James Nelson, Brigham Young University; Tatevik Christensen; Fernando S Fonseca, Brigham Young University; A. Woodruff Miller, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

project is less than $1,000.While most accredited universities have adopted capstone courses in their CE departments fewhave published details about their programs. One reason may be that many of these programsare relatively new and still evolving. About 50% of CE departments have capstone programsthat are less than 5 years old and only about 10% have programs older than 15 years.The capstone program at the University of Utah [9] has been evolving over the past 14 years. Thecourse is based upon a proposed infrastructure project and the students manage the entire processincluding developing a preliminary engineering study as well as gathering county, city and statebudget information that will be used for planning purposes. The students are divided

Conference Session

Interactive Approaches to Teaching Materials Fundamentals

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barry Dupen, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

Materials

discounts. Crash-resistance, the abilityto produce high-resolution diagrams, formatting control of equations, and final pdf file size werethe main criteria. Page 23.673.4Apache Open Office met the needs best, and had the least significant disadvantages. Graphics areoutstanding, equations are easier to create with vertical lines separating unit conversions, and thesoftware is less prone to crashing than MS Word.The next step in planning the book was to select a common set of symbols. All Strengthtextbooks use E for Young's modulus, but there is less agreement between textbook authors forquantities such as normal stress, shear stress, radius

Conference Session

Micro-Technology and Nanotechnology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maher E. Rizkalla, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; Mangilal Agarwal, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Sudhir Shrestha, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis; Hazim A El-Mounayri, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Kody Varahramyan, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

the presenting students. The poster presentationsessions are managed and organized at the level of national and international conferences.The newly developed track provides three modules of research-based courses in three years, inaddition to the team-based capstone design project that students must pursue during their senioryear. Details on these two components are given below.Senior Capstone Design Project: In this course, all ECE and ME students are required to performa two-semester project that incorporate design components from various courses throughout thecurricula. This course assists students with design methodology, the consideration of alternativesolutions, and project planning in engineering design. Oral presentation and report

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Reid Bailey, University of Virginia; Michael C Smith, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, utilizing an online system called Piazza, and • Video-capture of lectures covering several of the core topics, thereby allowing the instructors to spend class time on more engaging ways of helping students learn new topics (i.e., flipping the classroom)The assessment plan for this project is multidimensional and focuses on the effectiveness of theblended approaches in promoting quick formative feedback, active learning approaches, andcollaborative learning … all in an effort to improve student learning. To this end, evaluation willinclude an end-of-course survey aimed at collecting student perceptions of the different blendedapproaches, surveys of students related to self-efficacy and their perceptions of the feedbackreceived on

Conference Session

Materials Science Education for the Future

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lindsay M. Corneal, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

survey was used to assess the confidence of the students in their ability to meetthe course objectives. These assessments will allow for adjustment of future lesson plans,homework assignments, and projects.This paper presents an overview of the course, lessons learned, and the feedback obtained fromthe pilot offering. The plans for further modifications and improvements based on the evaluationof the pilot offering are discussed.IntroductionAs battery manufacturing increases in the United States, there will be an increase in demand foremployees with the skills and training necessary to work in this industry. To meet this demand,colleges and universities will need to update existing curricula with alternative energy conceptsand skills, as well as

Conference Session

Grasping the "Concept"

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sayara Saliyeva, Nazarbayev University; Dinara McLaughlin; Moulay Rachid Babaa, Nazarbayev University; Hella Tokos, Nazarbayev University; Stefaan Jan Rogier Simons, University College London; Sarim Naji Al Zubaidy, Nazarbayev University; Joseph A. Menicucci Jr., Nazarbayev University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

integrated into Engineering Systems Laboratory, a ten-laboratory course that will be taken by all engineering students in the second semester of theirsecond year in the School of Engineering at Nazarbayev University. The aim of this course wasto teach students how to analyze experimental data and interpret results. At the successfulcompletion of the course, students are expected to be able to:  analyze a problem,  state an experimental objective,  develop and implement an experimental plan,  analyze data for statistical significance,  draw conclusions from experimental data, and  write a technical report.Engineering in Society is an elective course that was first offered in the fall semester of thesecond academic year

Conference Session

Sustainability and engineering education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Woolschlager, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

the Student’s Choice Professor Award in 2003/2004 and nominated for the Outstanding Undergraduate Teaching Award in 2004/2005. His re- search involves developing computer models environmental processes and systems. Some examples of his funded projects include the optimization of hydraulics and water quality in a large-scale urban drink- ing water system, the optimization of wastewater treatment plants to achieve nutrient reduction, drinking water quality analysis and disinfection chemistry, and regional sustainability issues. Prior to becoming a faculty member, Dr. Woolschlager worked as an engineering consultant in the areas of environmen- tal systems analysis, environmental planning, and water resources

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Monica E Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Marisa Wolsky, WGBH Educational Foundation; Christine Andrews Paulsen, Concord Evaluation Group; Tamecia R. Jones, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, improvedattitudes toward and engagement in math, and increased plans to attend or enroll in college. Intheir evaluation of FIRST (a robotics club), Melchior and colleagues 10 reported that the Page 23.747.4program’s alumni were significantly more likely to attend college and three times as likely tomajor in engineering than compared to a group of students with similar background andachievement in science and math. A similar study was conducted in order to evaluate ProjectLead the Way (PLTW), a non-profit organization that promotes pre-engineering courses inmiddle and high schools. This study found that PLTW graduates were five times more likely toselect

Conference Session

Mechatronics

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Horacio Vasquez, University of Texas, Pan American; Arturo A Fuentes, University of Texas, Pan American

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Page 23.789.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Integration of Sensors and Low-Cost Microcontrollers into the Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Design SequenceAbstractIn most undergraduate engineering degree plans the engineering design curricula include classessuch as Introduction to Engineering, Statics, Dynamics, and Mechanics of Solids. They usuallydo not have laboratory components to help students understand concepts through hands-onexperience. This paper presents the development and implementation of an educational low-costdevice/tool that can be set up and used by students in and out of their engineering classes toassist their learning. The goal of this project was

Conference Session

CEED - Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Massi, University of Central Florida; Michael Georgiopoulos, University of Central Florida; Cynthia Y. Young, University of Central Florida; Cameron M. Ford, University of Central Florida; Patrice Lancey, University of Central Florida; Divya Bhati, University of Central Florida ; Kim A Small, University of Central Florida College of Engineering and Computer Science

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

,applying knowledge, professional qualities, teamwork, leadership, technology, work culture, andorganization and planning) and attitudinal change toward their current career path (such asdetermining individual strength and weaknesses, professional self-confidence, academicmotivation, understanding the chosen profession, clarifying career plans and options, andachieving career goals). Research studies have shown that having a personal support system isan important aspect of student persistence17, 18, 19, 20 as students struggle to balance work,academic, and social life. Massi et al.21 found that engineering and computer science nativefreshmen and transfer students had similar participation rates for experiential learning activities(co-ops and

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin S. High, Oklahoma State University; Scott D Gelfand, Oklahoma State University, Department of Philosophy; Ronald Steve Harrist Ph.D., Oklahoma State University; Shelia M. Kennison, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

demonstrate why people act unethically. After a discussion of each video, each individualstudent is guided through a two-part exercise. The first part, developing a Personal InventoryReport, helps the student engage in self-reflection in order to determine what sorts of situationsthe student might find ethically challenging. In the second part of the exercise, the studentdevelops a personal plan (Adaptive-Strategies Report) addressing what strategies they might usein order to increase the likelihood that they will act ethically in challenging situations (that is, thesituations arrived at while developing the Personal Inventory Report). Page

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zahed Siddique, University of Oklahoma; Firas Akasheh, Tuskegee University; Gül E. Okudan Kremer, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

by step process to manufacture the bracket, along with justifications for the steps. Page 24.49.8 Figure 5: Student Comments and Evaluation of Solutions Proposed by Other GroupsKnowledge Gains AssessmentFairly early on during our assessment plan and instrument preparation process, we have noticedthat isolating the impact of technology enabled peer-learning across teams from individuallearning and peer-learning within the team would be difficult. In an effort to isolate knowledgegains from these different modes of learning, we have designed a two-tier assessment plan. First(Phase I), we assess the individual learning from the eLecture

Conference Session

Innovations in Computer Engineering Courses

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bill D Carroll P.E., University of Texas, Arlington; Shawn N Gieser, University Of Texas At Arlington; David Levine, University of Texas, Arlington

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

.Conclusions and Future PlansThe goals for the revised course were largely achieved. However observations based on theauthors’ experiences from teaching the course in fall 2013 and feedback from students, suggestthat improvements can be made. The following changes are planned for the spring 2014offering of the course. Additional changes will be made for 2014-2015 offerings if deemednecessary from experience gained in the spring. The latest results and plans will be reported atthe conference in June. 1. Articulate more clearly the purpose and scope of the semester-long design project 2. Strengthen sequential circuit design coverage in the lecture and in the laboratory 3. Introduce design using Verilog earlier in the course 4

Conference Session

Cooperative & Experiential Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Plouff, Grand Valley State University; Nael Barakat, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

modules. The cooperative education program providesassessment of students learning outcomes on a continuous (every semester), annual basis. Theframework for assessment and assessment plans will be detailed, and example outcomes will beshared to demonstrate how this information is evaluated and used for curricular improvement. Inaddition, employer evaluations during the co-op semesters provide input on student abilitiesrelated to ethical behavior in the workplace.Outcomes of the continuous assessment and improvement of this program over the pilot trial, aswell as full implementation with modifications learned from the pilot trial over two followingclasses of engineering students, are reported and discussed. Results show that students‟perceptions

Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences in Electronics and Circuits

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Avik Dayal, Virginia Tech; Kathleen Meehan, Virginia Tech; A. A. (Louis) Beex, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

circuits and, later, the circuits that will have a desiredoperation, which was detailed in a design specification. To minimize the time spent on designexperiments, student must not only know the basics that were gained from ‘cookbook’experiments, but also the value of analysis and simulation before circuit construction andmeasurement and how to apply the results from analysis and simulations to debug the circuit.Engineering educators have begun to modify their approach to laboratory instruction to guidestudents as they develop the necessary skills for design. Most open-ended design experimentsfollow the design cycle, integrating steps that allow students to investigate, design, plan, create,and evaluate. However, motivating students to close the

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan E. Powers, Clarkson University; Stefan J. Grimberg P.E., Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

and systemsoperations need to be improved to make it a viableand sustainable endeavor that provides educational Figure 5: Senior Loren McNamera discussesopportunities for our students while generating aeroponics with a child at the 2012 EPA P3 Sustainability Design Competition and Expotasty and safe produce to consume. Examples ofprojects that are being completed by students include: • analysis of the energy consumed and cost of heating and powering the system; • design and installation of shades for the southern wall to reduce heat loss at night and radiant heat gain during the day; • systems operation plan for timing of seed planting, transplanting and

Conference Session

POTPOURRI

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Afsaneh Minaie, Utah Valley University; Paymon Sanati-Mehrizy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Ali Sanati-Mehrizy; Reza Sanati-Mehrizy, Utah Valley University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

background of Prolog, search, agents, knowledge / rulebased systems, planning and natural language processing43. The following topics are coveredfrom the machine learning and computational intelligence part of the course: an overview ofmachine learning, simple learning methods, neural learning and evolutionary computations.Students from the School of Engineering and Computer Science usually take this elective course.There are four assignments for the course, two for the symbolic intelligence and two for machinelearning and computational intelligence. Through these four assignments, students gain hands-on experience in applying these techniques to real-world applications. This course offersessential background and training for the students to start

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Meyer, Clarkson University; John McLellan, Freescale Semiconductor; Jeffrey S Sumey, California University of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

experience in computer engineering.3.1 Course Objectives and OrganizationCapstone design projects often have several objectives in addition to providing studentswith a major design experience, including fostering the development of teamwork skillsand providing an opportunity to work on a multidisciplinary project. Our studentlearning outcomes for the senior design course are: 1. Specify, plan, design, build and test a digital system requiring integrated hardware and software subsystems that utilize embedded computing in a real-world system subject to prescribed specifications. 2. Demonstrate that their project designs satisfy constraints imposed by industry and government standards, regulations, concern for public health and

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge Crichigno, Northern New Mexico College; Gregory L. Heileman, University of New Mexico; Ivan Lopez Hurtado, Northern New Mexico College; Alfredo J. Perez, Northern New Mexico College; Ramiro Jordan P.E., University of New Mexico; Timothy L Schroeder; José Marcio Luna, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of New Mexico

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

not offer thiscourse yet; thus, if a student plans to transfer to UNM or NNMC, he/she can either take this classat the time of the transfer or enroll at UNM or NNMC while studying at CNM. It is expected thatECE 203 will be scheduled at CNM in a near future. ELVIS boards are integrated suites of 12 ofthe most commonly used instruments in the lab, including the oscilloscope, digital multi-meter,function generator, variable power supply, and Bode analyzer. Based on NI LabVIEW graphicalsoftware, NI ELVIS, with USB plug-and-play capabilities, offers the flexibility of virtualinstrumentation and allows for quick and easy measurement acquisition and display. Figure 5shows an ELVIS II board

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cyrus Habibi P.E., Minnesota State University, Mankato; Ronald R Ulseth, Iron Range Engineering ; Michael Richard Carlson

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

technical report is reviewedand graded by a different instructor (Outcome G). One of the deliverables of each project is acontextualization document which reports what significance the final design may have on theenvironment, global, health, safety, economics, ethics, etcetera (Outcome H). Anotherdeliverable is a report on project management. Students are required to manage all aspect of theirprojects and submit the project management document describing how they managed theirproject including project planning, budgeting, scheduling, execution, managing the availableresources, monitoring and controlling the project (Outcome L).Lastly, students are engaged in entrepreneurial projects for at least their first semester (OutcomeM). They are required to

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicholas David, Iowa State University; Suman Debnath, Purdue University; Munadir Aziz Ahmed; Dionysios C. Aliprantis, Iowa State University; Maryam Saeedifard, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

drives course. Courseassessments were conducted on a regular basis by an external evaluator, under a thorough evalu-ation plan that included formative and summative assessments. The assessment outcomes arepresented in Section III. Page 23.422.3II. Background Information and General RemarksThe power programs in the electrical and computer engineering departments at both institutionswere in need of a new educational approach for bringing timely topics such as renewable energyconversion and vehicle electrification concepts into the undergraduate classrooms. In this re-spect, power electronics as a key enabling technology was identified as a

Conference Session

Topics in Energy Management

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Lau, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

fall2012. The plan is to limit each NZEH design to a fixed construction cost budget, and then tohave students do tradeoff analysis considering insulation levels, number and types of windows,type of heating/cooling system, solar water heating, and perhaps most importantly, overall size ofthe house. Construction cost data was developed from RSMeans along with consultations withcontractors and equipment suppliers. By constraining the project to be NZEH, the efficiencylevels that are economically justified are measurably higher than a more typical house designwhere current electricity prices are the basis for energy tradeoffs. Another way of saying this isthat putting in more insulation in the wall, for example, and reducing the electricity needed

Conference Session

Software Engineering Outreach: Industry, K-12

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Clare McInerney, Lero - the Irish Software Engineering Research Centre; Mike Hinchey, Lero-the Irish Software Engineering Reseaach Centre

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

the international and globalnature of the Scratch project.The Scratch competition complements the Teaching Materials/Curriculum. In module ten, entitled“Scratch Project”, students create a concrete piece of work at the end of their in-class course. Inthis module, students must plan and design their project and, if working in teams, they must assignindividual tasks. Students are encouraged to submit this final project for the Scratch competition.According to teachers we work with, many students spend time working on their Scratch projectsfor the competition outside school hours. This encourages an independent interest in computingand “I’m doing it because I want to” rather than “I’m doing it because the teacher says I must”attitude. By the

Conference Session

Capstone and Senior Design Projects Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Seth William Adams

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

day prior to each weekly meeting and addresses the following three areas:current progress, problems encountered and their resolution, and plan for the following week.To stay on the top of industry requirements sponsoring the project and to receive valuableengineering feedback students conduct by-weekly web conference calls with industry liaison.The oral and written reports due near the end of each semester are to concern themselves withthe progress made in each semester. The one at the end of the first semester will be a progressreport, with a full final report due at the end of the second semester. To further improve thequality of capstone projects conducted in the EET program in the SoT at the Michigan Tech andmake students experience as

Conference Session

It's Elementary

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melissa Higgins, Engineering is Elementary, Museum of Science; Jonathan Hertel, Engineering is Elementary

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

naming the steps of theengineering design process they focused on as they engineered their bubble wands. Other girlsadd “plan” and “improve.” “What was the most important part for us?” asks Linda. “Create!” thegirls cheer.Linda explains to the audience that over the past several weeks, each girl chose a goal for theirbubble wands, deciding what type of bubble (tiny, giant, double, etc.) they would engineer eachwand to make. They conducted experiments to learn what bubbles can and cannot do, andconducted testing to learn more about materials they could use in their final bubble wand design.As the Rihanna song the girls chose for background music plays, they demonstrate the range of

Conference Session

Materials Science Education for the Future

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eunice Yang, University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown

Tagged Divisions

Materials

the mini- presentations, class discussions, POGIL activities, classroomdemonstrations were helpful in assisting them learn materials science.The author’s experience in implementing this new hybrid curriculum was positive and plans to implementit again in Fall 2013 with some changes as follows. In addition to using the MCI to measure learning, theauthor plans to develop assignments or tests to measure how well students learned the basic “ConceptsBeing Taught” and how well the mini-presentations accomplished the “Purposes” in Table 1 and Table 2,respectively. Assignments that will require higher level of critical thinking such as case studies or open-ended project assignments are in consideration

Conference Session

Capstone Projects, Design Projects, and Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tomas Enrique Estrada, Elizabethtown College

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

throughoutvarious stages of the process and uploading them to the Internet. The contest also served as ameans of external validation for their work.The students surveyed the existing literature in solar trackers and developed their own design,with the objective of increasing tracking efficiency. Their design was a hybrid concept,combining active tracking and chronological tracking. This paper includes a detailed explanationof the design, adapted from the students’ senior project report.The Hybrid Solar Tracker ranked among the top 100 projects worldwide for the Phoenix ContactXplore Contest and won the award for Best Senior Project in the department. While there werefactors to be improved on, both in terms of planning and execution, this project was a

Conference Session

Electrical Energy Courses, Labs, and Projects II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hayrettin Bora Karayaka, Western Carolina University; Robert D. Adams, Western Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

graduates in the department of engineering and technology at WCU,developing an emphasis in electric power engineering plays a vital role in educating the nextgeneration of the region’s power industry workforce.To that end, an undergraduate curriculum development effort was planned and is projected totrain, prepare for research, and educate the students enrolled in the Department of Engineeringand Technology for careers in the power industry. The curriculum includes three fundamentalpower engineering courses: 1. Power Systems 2. Power Electronics 3. Electrical Machines and DrivesThis paper describes in detail the first pilot implementation of the Power Systems coursecomponent entitled “Modern Power Systems Analysis” for Electrical and

Conference Session

Improving course effectiveness

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard L Marcellus, Northern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy, Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering

agreement that consciously developing metacognitive habits significantlyincreases the ability to transfer academic learning to the workplace5-9 (The references given are onlya small representative sample.). This diagram summarizes metacognition: awareness dealing with problems Self planning while learning / teaching evaluating thinkingThe rest of this paper focuses on problem posing and problem structuring, with little explicitmention of metacognition. However, thinking about the essential qualities of problems is reflectivein nature, and hence metacognitive. Here is an example