Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Afshin H. Zahraee, Purdue University Northwest

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Spring 2016 semester, the author brainstormed variousalterations that can be done to the labs to further develop students’ understanding of conceptslearned in the course. A plan was put in motion to incorporate more laboratories to allowstudents more “hands-on” experiences. Additionally, it was decided to create a laboratoryhandbook, with pre-labs, for students to complete before performing laboratory testing. The goalwas to have the new labs and handbook ready for the Fall 2017 semester.Before the implementation of the VR enhanced laboratory experiments, students in AppliedStrength of Materials were taught how to perform the laboratory experiments via the“traditional” method. As can be seen in the flowchart in Figure 1, students were to print

Conference Session

2-Year College Division: Collaboration Between Institutions

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cynthia Howard-Reed, Pennsylvania State University; Jennifer X Wu, Pennsylvania State University; Erin A Hostetler, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Two-Year College

-yeargraduation rates were higher for students who completed the research program than for studentswho did not. The MC REU program seems particularly helpful for students who start at aregional campus and then transfer to the University Park campus to finish their degrees.Although a small dataset, the 6-year graduation rate for research program participants showed apositive increase and exceeded the national average for students attending 4-year or 2-yearpostsecondary institutions [19]. We plan to continue to follow the later cohorts to confirm thisoutcome with more data.The data also show that the students who participated in the research program and thentransferred to the University Park campus, experienced a dip in their term and cumulative

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Saeed Rokooei, Mississippi State University; Mohammadsoroush Tafazzoli, Washington State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

other groups and instructors,and ultimately built four hunting cabins. The results of this paper were produced from the data gathered atthe end of this camp. The main objective of this study was to explore students’ perceptions toward thecamp and use their feedback and preferences in subsequence camps. The students’ perceptions are animportant input for the construction educator to plan accordingly and increase the quality of academicpreparation and the quantity of student enrollments. The survey aimed to consider factors that impactstudents’ perceptions before entering construction programs. Students expressed their expectation ofsalary and time on the job requirements. The reported numbers were close to the reality which eliminatesthe blind

Conference Session

ECCD Technical Session 3: Energy and Multidisciplinary

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Saeed D. Foroudastan, Middle Tennessee State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

vehicles on their own, students are better equipped to know ifsomething needs to be fixed during the competition and how to repair it quickly. The experiencemembers receive from working in teams without the constant help of a faculty member providesstudents with a chance to adapt to challenges they may face in their careers after graduation.EVP students are responsible for conducting extensive research and development to come upwith a purchasing plan for what they need to complete the project and are required to submit costand design reports to their advisors. Then Middle Tennessee State University faculty advisorsrequire students to design, develop, and manufacture approximately 70% of their materials in themachine shop. To develop their

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: Diversity 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Catherine Mobley, Clemson University; Marisa K. Orr, Clemson University; Catherine E. Brawner, Research Triangle Educational Consultants; Rebecca Brent, Education Designs, Inc

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

-institutionalqualitative and longitudinal studies of minorities in engineering education. Our study isinvestigating the following overarching research questions: 1. Why do Black men and women choose and persist in, or leave, EE, CpE, and ME? 2. What are the academic trajectories of Black men and women in EE, CpE, and ME? 3. In what ways do these pathways vary by gender or institution? 4. What institutional policies and practices promote greater retention of Black engineering students?Major Activities for Year 2During Year 2 (March 2019 – February 2020), the project team has collaborated to accomplishthe research goals.Project Team MeetingsOur research team has been on a regular basis via telephone conference to plan, coordinate, anddiscuss

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: First-year Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Courtney A. Lemasney, Rowan University; Hayley M. Shuster, Rowan University; Kaitlin Mallouk, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation, First-Year Programs

also plans to complete a specialization in Biomedical Engineering in order to explore applications of Electrical and Computer Engineering in the development of medical devices like prosthetics.Dr. Kaitlin Mallouk, Rowan University Kaitlin Mallouk is an Assistant Professor of Experiential Engineering Education at Rowan University. Prior to beginning that role, she spent five years as an Instructor in the Mechanical Engineering and Experiential Engineering Education Departments at Rowan. Kaitlin has a BS in Chemical Engineering from Cornell University and an MS and PhD in Environmental Engineering in Civil Engineering from the University of Illinois. c American Society for Engineering

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jay Lee P.E., California Baptist University; Yeonsang Hwang P.E., Arkansas State University; Tae-Hoon Kim, Purdue University Northwest

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

with the 4-input feature option.5. Implementation in classroomThe proposed artificial intelligence (AI) model can be used in various classroom and laboratorysettings with machine learning software packages for general engineering studies thanks mainlyto its versatility in modeling the procedures of forecasting any future events based on big data. Itwould be particularly beneficial to a student who attempts to learn how to predict future weatherevents for planning purposes in the AI approach. In a traditional approach, Ordinary LeastSquare (OLS) regression is one of the methods generally used for the prediction. By using themachine learning approach proposed in this paper, a student will learn the state-of-art machinelearning approach and

Conference Session

Improvements in ECE Circuit Analysis

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Eva Cosoroaba, University of Vermont

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

tallied in the BB grade center. Use a Resistor: 1) To buy a resubmission of an NSQ report. Note: each report be revised only once. E-mail regarding token use must be submitted by EOD (end-of-day, 11:59pm) the day following grade posting and revised reports are due three days after grades were posted, EOD. Example: If report grades are posted Monday, e-mail is due Tuesday EOD and report revision Thursday EOD. 2) To get a 24-hour extension on the lab report submission deadline. Note: two resistors can be redeemed for a 48-hour extension. You will have to specify the number of resistors you plan to use via e-mail the day before the report is due, by EOD. You cannot extend the same

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mudasser Fraz Wyne, National University; Catrina Ann Shanas; Ashley Pratt, National University; Sophie Nguyen, County of Los Angeles

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology

enhance the overall user experience. The future releases of the I-Tracker application shallinclude warranty tracking for customizable time frame settings for the timeframe widgets, a mobileapplication, and the professional appraisal/resale feature for the electronic devices under warranty.The final two features that we plan to add in a future release is the addition of a mobile applicationand the resale feature. The mobile application will allow the users to have access to all theinformation on the web application in the form of a mobile app, this will help the user enter newwarranties easier and allow the user to get notifications sent directly to their phone rather than justthe email. Lastly, the addition of the appraisal/resale feature allows

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel Mosier P.E., Oklahoma State University; Carisa H. Ramming, Oklahoma State University; Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

structural courseworkrequirements and overlapping industry relationships. As all of these graduates will end up in theconstruction related industry, it is of interest how their perceptions vary.IntroductionStudents and faculty alike can question the validity of certain coursework to a degree program.As the ABET requirements change over time, programs respond to the change with curriculumchanges [1} Additionally, as a student progresses into their career, their perception of self alsochanges. A student may see themselves as a mediator between science and math, a tinkerer or asocial servant striving to better the world [2]. Student thoughts about their future career or“career thoughts” may also affect attitudes, behaviors, beliefs, feelings, plans

Conference Session

Learning Mechanics Through Experimentation

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kathleen Bieryla, University of Portland; Nikolene A. Schulz P.E., University of Portland; Rebecca D. Levison, University of Portland; Heather Dillon, University of Portland

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

I (statics) using CAP model. 2016 ASEEAnnual Conference & Exposition, New Orleans, Louisiana6. Howard, A. K. T. Work in progress: 3-D models with lesson plans. 2019 ASEE AnnualConference & Exposition, Tampa, Florida7. Rae, D., & Melton, D. E. (2017). Developing an entrepreneurial mindset in US engineeringeducation: An international view of the KEEN project. The Journal of EngineeringEntrepreneurship, 7(3)8. Coller, B. D. (2008). An experiment in hands-on learning in engineering mechanics: Statics.International Journal of Engineering Education, 24(3), 545.

Conference Session

Experimentation and Laboratory-oriented Studies Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cyrus Habibi P.E., University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Darius Fieschko, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace, Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies

course can beplaced into an engineering curriculum to address the advanced topics. While we are planning anew full course on PLCs, we will continue placing the PLC module into the Introduction toProjects and Tools course.References[1] S. He, H. Rahemi, K. Mouaouya, “Teaching PLC Programming and Industrial Automation in MechatronicsEngineering,” 122nd ASEE annual conference and exposition, Seattle, WA 2015.[2] R, Liu, “Global PLC market returns to growth in 2017, after two-year contraction”,IHSMarkit, https://technology.ihs.com/584279/global-plc-market-returns-to-growth-in-2017-after-two-year-contraction, 2018.[3] GlobeNewsWire,” Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) - Worldwide Market Outlook to 2023, Driven by theIncreased Need to Reduce

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Flor Angela Bravo, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Juan M Cruz, Rowan University; Jairo Alberto Hurtado JAH, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

advisors toreview and prioritize these requirements and create a report. In this meeting, advisors and studentsagree on the design requirements to implement in the prototype they will deliver at the end of thecourse. Students make an engineering report, which includes a work plan detailing the activitiesthey will conduct in the project, the deliverables, and the delivery dates.Stage 3: Ideate. In the ideate stage, students use divergent thinking to brainstorm possiblesolutions to the design challenge. Then, they use convergent thinking to analyze whether theseideas meet the design requirements identified in the previous stage. Students make an oralpresentation of their ideas to receive comments from the advisors. At this stage, we promote

Conference Session

Promoting Communication Skills

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Lisa R. Volpatti, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Alex Jordan Hanson, University of Texas at Austin; Jennifer M. Schall; Jesse N. Dunietz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Amanda X. Chen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Rohan Chitnis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Eric J. Alm; Alison F. Takemura, U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute; Diana M. Chien, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Conference Session

Design in Biomedical Engineering (Works in Progress) - June 24th

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Olga Imas, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Jeffrey A. LaMack, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Icaro Dos Santos, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Larry Fennigkoh P.E., Milwaukee School of Engineering; Charles S. Tritt, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

: New Design Track New Design Track Course 1 (2 credit) – Spring Term, Year 3 • Outcome: assignment of teams and projects, market research, project plan • Topics: design controls, project management, literature research, FDA regulation, codes and standards, intellectual property, user needs, design specifications. Course 2 (3 credits) – Fall Term, Year 4 • Outcome: design specifications, system design and simulations • Topics: system diagrams, interface specifications, hazard analysis, university resources Course 3 (2 credits) – Winter Term, Year 4 • Outcome: subsystem design, system integration, prototype building and bench testing • Topics: power budgets, electrical noise and interference Course 4 (2 credits) – Spring Term, Year 4

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: Student Learning 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jennifer A. Turns, University of Washington; Kenya Z. Mejia, University of Washington; Cynthia J. Atman, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

explorereactions and takeaways can be hard. In the context of designing reflection activities, it can bedifficult to think about and debug student reactions against a backdrop of trying to plan and enactthe reflection activity, (4) our initial models can be imposing to audiences, and (5) the work on aconceptual framework and survey can be treated not only from a scholarly perspective but also adesignerly perspective.As we move forward, we are grappling with three tensions: (1) how to broadly capture studentreactions without having a survey that is too long, (2) how to address the observation that asurvey capturing reactions to a reflection activity is, in a way, a reflection itself, and (3) how toethically and efficiently make sense of the data that

Conference Session

Advances in Additive, Hybrid, and Digital Manufacturing Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

continue, predicting thatmanufacturing employment will increase by another 230,000 jobs before year end. A recentKPMG International survey of manufacturing executives confirms this projection. Roughly 41%of US manufacturing executives plan to hire in the coming year. However, the required skill setshave shifted to be more software and high tech-oriented. There is great opportunity for peoplewilling to learn injection mold making and tool making.ObjectivesThe paper describes the process of retrofitting a manual injection molding machine to beautomated and remotely accessible, and assessing students’ response to the technology. Thesystem will serve multiple purposes. First, it can be used as part of a manufacturing processescourse to teach students

Conference Session

Online and Professional Graduate Programs

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Tilman Wolf, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; C. V. Hollot, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Russell Tessier, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; George Bryan Polivka, Shorelight; Yadi Eslami, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

participate in Optional Practical Training (OPT) after the completion of their program, and in some countries degree programs with substantial residential programs are viewed as preferred.We currently offer both options to students depending on their location. The main market for thisprogram is China (both options) and India (only 1+1 option).The courses offered via the Live Platform contain the same content as the respective courses offeredin the residential program. The only difference is that the course material for the Live Platformhas been gone through an instructional design process to include planned interactions between in-structor and students. Some of the residential courses have started to use the same course materialsas for the

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michelle M Alvarado, University of Florida; Katie Leanne Basinger, University of Florida; Diego Alvarado, University of Florida; Behshad Lahijanian , University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

Flipped Classroom’The Journal of Information Systems Education, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 7-11, 2013.[10] T. Koulopoulos and D. Keldsen, “Gen-Z effect: The six forces shaping the future of business.” Routledge, 2016.[11] J. Fromm and A. Read, “Marketing to Gen Z: The rules for reaching this vast, and very different, generation of influencers,” New York: AMACOM, 2018. [E-book] Available: https://www.worldcat.org/.[12] C. Seemiller and M. Grace, “Generation Z: A Century in the Making.” Routledge, 2018.[13] Institutional Planning and Research, “Enrollment and Demographics”, Feb. 2020. Accessed on Feb. 2020. [Online]. Available: https://ir.aa.ufl.edu/uffacts/enrollment-1/.

Conference Session

Focus on ETAC Accreditation

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Thomas M. Hall Jr., Northwestern State University of Louisiana; Scott Danielson, Arizona State University; April Chit Cheung, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

“actions” has been added to Criterion 4, beginningin this accreditation cycle (2020-2021) to recognize that continuous improvement has both input(results of assessment and evaluation) and output (actions).] For the remainder of this paper, wewill discuss each of the last three requirements of Criterion 4 by reviewing common problemsand suggesting simple processes for maximizing value of the effort spent.Assessment – Data Collection and Preparation FailuresIn a culture of assessment only, programs can spend inordinate time in data collection leading tono action plans for program improvement. As a result, considerable time is consumed inassessment with no improvement in student learning, that is, no added value. In thisenvironment, faculty consider

Conference Session

Empathy and Human-Centered Design 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Pamela L Dickrell, University of Florida; Lilianny Virguez, University of Florida; Andrea Goncher, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

team High whose members together provide leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establish goals, plan tasks, and meet objectives 6. An ability to develop and conduct Low appropriate experimentation, analyze and interpret data, and use engineering judgment to draw conclusions 7. An ability to acquire and apply new Low knowledge as needed, using appropriate learning strategies Table 1: Relation of course content to ABET Program OutcomesStudent Makers Skills and Course ReflectionWhile the majority of this paper is on the structure and content of the course, a one-question, pre-and post-survey relating to makerspace skills is included to initially reflect upon

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering in the Sophomore Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David L. Silverstein P.E., University of Kentucky; Sarah A Wilson, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

. Consider how your lectures will proceed before recording or transmitting them in order to optimize their length. Are there images or equations that would be just as effective if presented in their final form, or should you plan to develop those as you might in a face-to-face course?. Remember students have a pause button they do not have in a live class where writing and reflective time is important. Shorter videos also ease your burden as there is less cost associated with technical glitches or individual errors that can wipe out a recording in process. 6. Accountability and Engagement. Consider how you can incorporate low-stakes assessments or other activities into your instructional materials to keep

Collection

2019 ASEE Zone I Conference & Workshop

Authors

Brittany Anderson; Rafic Bachnak

enrichment programemphasizing active learning with an aim of exposing high school students to eight commonSTEM disciplines (math, chemistry, biology, physics, computer science, civil engineering,mechanical engineering, electrical engineering), along with industry, in hopes of solidifying theirlove for a particular field or opening their eyes to a new field of study. A major goal of thisprogram has been to increase interest and diversity in STEM by giving students hands-onexperience in these fields. This paper will discuss the growing interest for such a program alongwith future plans. Additionally, this paper presents data from 2017 program participantsincluding an update of their education/career plans.Introduction:With the continued growth in STEM

Collection

2019 ASEE Zone I Conference & Workshop

Authors

Pong P Chu

logic cells andinterconnects that can be configured to perform customized functions. Its capacity and capabilityincrease significantly over the years and a device can easily incorporate an advanced embeddedsystem. The FPGA based system introduces a new dimension – the hardware programmability– in the design process and the availability of the devices makes the hardware-software codesignparadigm more relevant and accessible. It allows a designer to explore both software andhardware to obtain optimal efficiency and performance. It will be an important paradigm forfuture development. Intel (the largest manufacturer of processors) recently acquired Altera (thesecond largest manufacturer of FPGA devices) and had discussed plans to integrate the

Collection

2017 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Diana Easton

the students between universities and across course offerings and enables thebasis for university accreditation compliance. Proceedings of the 2017 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Section Annual Conference Organized by The University of Texas at Dallas Copyright © 2017, American Society for Engineering Education 2017 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Section Annual ConferenceFigure 2 Biodevelopment Academic ModelThe proposed academic program is intended to augment the technical engineering education andcan be integrated as part of a Regulatory Engineering Masters of Science degree plan, as atraditional engineering Master’s degree concentration, as a medical device

Collection

2018 ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Baha Bachnak, The Pennsylvania State University; Nashwa Elaraby, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, The Capital College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

theywill use in industry. They also struggle to increase the amount of knowledge their students learnwhile maintaining an academic plan of four years without increasing the amount of requiredsemester credit hours in order to graduate [1]. Digital logic design is a necessary topic forelectrical engineers and computer engineers and FPGA’s are an evolving technology with adiverse range of applications. By combining both these important topics into one course,students will be exposed to a great amount of important and useful information without the needto increase the number of credits required to earn their degree.There exists a fair amount of literature pertaining to the design of a digital logic courseincorporating field-programmable gate arrays

Collection

2020 St.Lawrence Section Meeting

Authors

Jennifer A O'Neil

-basedapproach where students conducted an experiment to investigate the cooling of pizza. Studentshad to apply the 1st Law of Thermodynamics and fundamental heat transfer principles, such asconduction and convection, to determine the optimal temperature to eat the pizza and anestimated delivery time.To date the author has implemented the project into her course twice and plans to conduct a morein-depth study in the future. Preliminary results indicate the developed module increased studentengagement in, and understanding of, heat transfer topics. Exam scores between the sections thatcompleted the module and did not complete the module were also compared to providequantitative data regarding increased learning effectiveness. Preliminary findings

Collection

2019 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Alana Gorski; Hannah Gross; Masoud Mojtahed Mojtahed

andcompleted during the summer, students used data analysis to plan manufacturing techniques.The FEA run during the summer research season was done in two categories, static force analysisand thermal analysis. During both the static force and thermal analysis series, students used a finetetrahedral mesh consisting of over 50,000 elements of one centimeter in size, illustrated in Figure6. During the static force analysis, shown in (Figures 5.a-5.c), a pressure of 240 MPa was used asthe applied load along with the attachment boundary conditions from the 2019 chassis. The resultsof each FEA run in the structural analysis series showed minimal deflection, low stresses, and lowstrains in the structure, with the exception of the joints. The joints showed

Collection

2019 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Kishore Chidella; Srikanth Gampa; Abdulrahman Almohaimeed

, and project activities to evaluate students’ performance. Theoutline of CS 594L course for fall semesters between 2014-2018 is presented in Table 1.Table 1. CS 594L Lab Plan for a Fall Semester Week Labs/Activities 1 Lab 01: Get acquainted with 68000 family microprocessors and IDE68K suite 2 Lab 02: Implement 68000 Assembly language sub-routine 3 Lab 03: Capture and handle 680x0 exceptions and interrupts 4 Lab 04: Program I/O devices for 680x0 microprocessors 5 Lab 05: Program 680x0 internal timer to generate interrupts 6 Lab 06: Compare the executable files from Assembly and C Programs Lab 07: Get acquainted with CodeWarrior

Collection

2020 Mid-Atlantic Spring Conference

Authors

Abigail R Brown; Barbara Cerefin, Rowan University; Lauren Gallo, Rowan University; Sarah Ramsey, Rowan University; Kaitlin Mallouk, Rowan University

example quotes.Table 2: Themes of Students’ Selves as Learners with Example Responses Theme Description Example Quote Time Discussion of using planning, “Although the work is more difficult compared Management - scheduling, and other to high school, I very quickly found how to Positive organizational techniques. deal with it. The key is to stay on track of (TM+) everything, and to not procrastinate. Once I realized that this was the key to doing well, I implemented this, and stayed as