Conference Session

Comparing National Styles of Engr. Educ.

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Thibault; Rene Hivon; Danielle L'Heureux; Noel Boutin

of the traditional modus operandi coined "the two solitudes": "soft" courses taught bynon-engineers on one part, and technical courses taught by engineering professors who are ill-equipped to dwelve to any meaningful depth in such topics as ethics, team work, communication,leadership, creativity, critical thinking, engineering management, etc. on the other part. Thisarticle then describes how, after an exhaustive survey of the literature, a grant from theUniversity’s Major Pedagogical Innovations Program is being used to devise ways in which thedevelopment of the interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies of engineering students will beintimately integrated throughout the whole undergraduate programs with that of the scientificand

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chuan Yue, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs; Weiying Zhu, Metropolitan State College of Denver; Gregory Lynn Williams, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs; Edward Chow, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

the ethical considerations inboth designing and performing security lab exercises. As mentioned in the above two sections,each student uses his or her EC2 instance as the platform to perform the tasks in each labexercise independently outside the class hours. After finishing those tasks, each student needs to Page 25.1418.9submit a lab report to answer the questions related to the individual tasks. The link to thecomplete lab manuals designed by the instructor can be accessed at[33].3.1 Lab exercise 1 – Snort Network Intrusion Detection System (Snort NIDS)In this lab exercise, students learn Snort[10,11] architecture and Snort alerts. Snort is

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Jahan Kauser; Carlos Sun; Ralph A. Dusseau; Jess Everett; Joseph Orlins; Beena Sukumaran; Douglas Cleary

engineering principles that form the basis of civil engineering.Students work individually and in multidisciplinary teams to identify and solve engineeringproblems using their accumulated knowledge and experience along with advanced technologysuch as computers and laboratory equipment.Every CEE course can be characterized as a problem-solving course. Engineering design issuesand experiences are integrated throughout the undergraduate CEE Program, beginning with twosophomore courses in the curriculum sequence, Introduction to Environmental Engineering andStructural Engineering I. Issues related to safety, economics, ethics and social and global impactare discussed and considered in virtually every course. Students are also exposed to a widerange of

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 23

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leslie Bostwick, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Alex George, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Trinity Lee, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Zachary Del Rosario, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

experience in thecontext of a broader cultural experience.Methodology and MethodsThis work was determined to be IRB exempt by Brandeis University’s IRB and followed ahuman subjects protection protocol (#23232R-E). Elements of this protocol were designed topromote research quality through the lens of ethical validation [16], described in this section. Weused the quality in qualitative research (Q3) framework to actively promote the validity andreliability of our work through making and handling of data [16], [17]. This work was part of alarger study on both variability and mathematical modeling in engineering student culture;below, we present an episode from this context to illustrate our ongoing consent procedure.Collaborative Autoethnography (CAE

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Integration and Programmatic Reform

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chelsea Salinas, Colorado School of Mines; Dean Nieusma, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

Student Outcomes requirement(elaborated below). As a strong STEM-focused institution, Mines has a long history ofmaintaining high standards surrounding technical engineering coursework, which all DE studentsmust satisfy along with students in traditional disciplinary engineering programs. Alongside thetraditional technical engineering coursework offered by the disciplinary engineering programs,the Design Engineering program weaves our design-spine, providing an avenue for exploring thecontext of engineering design applications, with a strong focus on user experience and social,ethical, and environmental responsibility. Our program has evolved to a place where the designcoursework brings about critical transformations through a deep commitment to

Conference Session

ABET Criterion 4 and Liberal Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Dana Elzey; Dan Bauer; Paxton Marshall; Kathryn Neeley

picture' encompasses economic, political, social, and ethical components.It is important, but not enough, that engineers are taught excellence in design to achieve safety, reliability, cost and maintenance objectives. It is important, but not enough, to teach them to create, operate and sustain complex systems. It is important, but not enough, for them to understand and participate in the process of research. It is important, but not enough, for them to develop the intellectual skills for life-long learning.... Engineering is not just about doing things right, but also about doing the r ight things.1 NSF Acting Deputy

Collection

2023 Fall Mid Atlantic Conference: Meeting our students where they are and getting them where they need to be

Authors

Sofia M Vidalis, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, The Capital College; Rajarajan Subramanian, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, The Capital College

inengineering education were made. These include as follows: 1. Provide more resources and training opportunities for students. This can be done by giving some examples in class so that students can understand how AI tools can be wisely used in engineering education. 2. Do not have AI take over the thinking process. Make sure that students understand that when they are using an AI tool, they should double check its accuracy. AI tools may be beneficial in many ways and may give accurate information, however, information given still needs to be double checked. 3. Promote awareness of ethical considerations. In this day of age technology changes and therefore AI will also change the way humans work. Students should be

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON) Technical Session 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Huiming Fan, East China University of Science and Technology; Weijie GAO; Shi Siyi

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON)

environment, green law, green design, etc. Professional technical courses: new technologies, new processes, new products, new equipment, the social value and social evaluation of each production process and production technology, and the impact of the technology on the ecological environment, etc. Skill Systematic thinking, life cycle thinking, international perspective Engineering ethical quality, safety awareness, green awareness, social Attitude responsibility awarenessII. Specific Actions1. Integrate Green Engineering Concept into the Curriculum As a kind of "green development" concept gradually formed based on

Conference Session

Technical Session 8 - Paper 3: Academic Success of College Students with ADHD: The First Year of College

Collection

2022 CoNECD (Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity)

Authors

Laura Carroll, University of Michigan; Cynthia J. Finelli, University of Michigan; Stephen L DesJardins

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

Kettering University. Dr. Finelli’s current research interests include student resistance to active learning, faculty adoption of evidence-based teaching practices, and the use of technology and innovative pedagogies on student learn- ing and success. She also led a project to develop a taxonomy for the field of engineering education research, and she was part of a team that studied ethical decision-making in engineering students.Prof. Stephen L DesJardins Stephen L. DesJardins teaches courses related to public policy in higher education, economics and fi- nances in postsecondary education, statistical methods, and institutional research and policy analysis. His research interests include student transitions from

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT) Technical Session 3: Projects and Student Learning

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Carlos Okantey; Clifton L. Kussmaul, Green Mango Associates, LLC; Esther Mensah; Eugene Eluerkeh; Oscar Rodriguez

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT)

- Incubating Student Startups in GhanaAbstractThis paper describes the Palm GreenLab and its first GreenLab Startup Weekend to encourageand support entrepreneurial student teams. Palm Institute is a 10-year-old liberal artsuniversity-college in Ghana, whose mission is to educate ethical and excellent leaders in Africa.The Palm GreenLab is an innovation and incubation lab that seeks to “unearth and supporttalents that solve wicked problems with creative ideas, and to nurture and scale the growth ofambitious entrepreneurial projects”. The GreenLab plans to provide an array of offerings andsupport for student entrepreneurship. In Fall 2022, the GreenLab ran its first Startup Weekend -a two day intensive experience in which students pitched and evaluated

Conference Session

Case Studies

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Jonathan Verrett P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Siba Saleh, University of British Columbia, Vancouver

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

projects and what strategies would be used to pursue theseanticipated projects.The study received behavioural research ethics board approval prior to contacting researchparticipants. Participants were contacted in August through messages delivered by email orsocial media to the executive teams at the twelve target groups. Messages were formatted in sucha way that they could be passed on to other group members. Participation was incentivized witha draw for $20 gift cards with one of these gift cards drawn for every 5 participants.Results and DiscussionOverall 12 complete responses were received. 17 partial responses were also received with manyof these partial responses ending at question 5 corresponding to whether they had been involvedin CEL

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Technical Session - Interdisciplinary Capstone Projects, Pandemic Adapted Mechatronics Lab, Call for Change

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adeel Khalid, Kennesaw State University

Critical Design Review (CDR) – Design for environment, sustainability, safety, reports and fabrication drawings Week 13-15 Final Design Review (FDR) – Final design and models presented and delivered to the industry 11. Course Learning OutcomesThe capstone senior inter-disciplinary course is offered as a two-course sequence culminating theundergraduate engineering education. Under the guidance of a faculty mentor and an industrypartner mentor, students form small interdisciplinary teams to apply engineering design principlesand methods for solving and industry-relevant engineering design problem. The first course in thesequence also covers topics including the engineering ethics, the Fundamentals of Engineeringexam, and

Conference Session

S5C: Workshop XI

Collection

14th Annual First-Year Engineering Experience (FYEE) Conference

Authors

Courtney June Faber, University at Buffalo; Lorna Treffert, University at Buffalo

Tagged Topics

Workshops

engineering education research culture, and applications of operations research in an education context. 14th Annual First-Year Engineering Experience (FYEE) Conference: University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee Jul 30Workshop 1 – Making Patterns, Breaking Patterns – Ethnographic systems mapping and analysis ofengineering education groupsSystems thinking is an essential skill for engineers in an increasingly complex world. Engineers must beable to see beyond applied science and mathematics to the social, political, economic, ethical,environmental, and even interpersonal forces acting on any problem in order to arrive at optimalsolutions. As we endeavor to “expand student success” by helping

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division (CEED) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Appiah-Kubi, University of Dayton; Phil Doepker; James Brothers, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division (CEED)

secure financial support fromthe PNC Bank to support minority-owned businesses in the Dayton area. The program’s successhas led to the donor donating an additional $100,000 to sustain the program. Generally, thestudents have enhanced their communication, leadership, and problem-solving skills. Moststudents indicated that the program helped them critically review problems and communicateeffectively in multidisciplinary teams. Additionally, the clients expressed satisfaction with thestudents’ work ethics and the quality of project deliverables. Thus, the program offers studentsan experiential learning opportunity to enhance their entrepreneurial and problem-solving skillswhile providing value for community partners through transdisciplinary

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Justin L. Hess, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Nicholas D. Fila, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Corey T. Schimpf, University of Buffalo, SUNY; Allison Godwin, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Elizabeth A. Sanders, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #38321Board 203: A Research Study on Assessing Empathic Formation inEngineering DesignDr. Justin L. Hess, Purdue University, West Lafayette Dr. Justin L Hess is an assistant professor in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University. Dr. Hess’s research focuses on empathic and ethical formation in engineering education. He received his PhD from Purdue University’s School of Engineering Education, as well as a Master of Science and Bachelor of Science from Purdue University’s School of Civil Engineering. He is the editorial board chair for the Online Ethics Center, deputy director for research for the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Rodriguez, Virginia Tech; Anabel Mederos; antonio delgado

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

regarding computing and artificial intelligence. These market needs influenced howCC students defined their computing interests, relative competence, and need to perform certaintasks to be recognized as computing people.Lessons Learned - CC faculty developed and were approved to offer a 9-credit interdisciplinary AI awareness (college credit certificate) CCC to support students from a diverse set of majors (with no previous experience in coding). Courses include: AI Thinking, AI and Ethics, and AI and Business (the first of the AI interdisciplinary classes). Considerations are being made about the best timing and ways of facilitating these classes, including addressing the need for coding in the AI thinking class

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division (FYP) - Technical Session 10: Identity & Belonging 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Uri Feldman, Wentworth Institute; George D. Ricco, University of Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs Division (FYP)

, Mechanics, and Goals. Major engineering failures Week 3: The Engineering Profession: Education, Benefits, Disciplines Week 4: Engineering Research and Library Resources Week 5: Engineering Design Process, Map your Visual Journey Week 6: An EDP Approach to becoming a World Class Engineering Student Week 7: Grand Challenges in Engineering Week 8: Mastering the Learning Process Week 9: Making the Most Out of How You Are Taught Week 10: Informational Interviewing and the WCES Journey Week 11: Academic Honesty Week 12: Engineering Ethics Week 13: WCES ePortfolio assembly and review Week 14: Course Wrap-up, Project, EvaluationsCourse delivery innovations(1) In-class activities: To increase

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan L. Solnosky P.E., Pennsylvania State University; Rebecca Napolitano; Wesley F. Reinhart, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

reliance on cloud computing and big data will continuously increase, andnew data-centric technologies and engineering approaches will be developed. Due to this rapidlydeveloping field, there is a need to track these trends and incorporate the corresponding developments intoour current science and engineering curriculum. Besides data science skills already taught in traditionalengineering curricula, such as mathematical, computational, and statistical foundations, the NationalAcademies guide discusses that key concepts in developing data acumen include domain-specificconsiderations and ethical problem-solving. This work-in-progress (WIP) paper will highlight the foundation of a comprehensive study toexplore data science education in two

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division 3 - Engagement in Practice Lightning Round: Fostering Reciprocal Partnerships and Empowering Change

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marissa H. Forbes, University of San Diego; Gordon D. Hoople, University of San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division (COMMENG)

opportunity provided bycommunity capstone projects can provide an unquantifiable richness, texture, and ethicalpreparation to uniquely prepare students for responsible and ethical engineering praxis. And yet,we recognize the limitations in our current instructional model that prevent this ideal from fullycoming to fruition (yet).In this work in progress paper, we share preliminary findings from our nascent exploration of thestudent experience working on community capstone design project teams using studentreflections and instructor observations.ContextThe University of San Diego is a private, Catholic university, known for its commitment to theformation of values, community involvement, and preparing leaders dedicated to ethical conductand

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED): Best of Works in Progress

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles Patrick Jr., Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering Division (BED)

Engineering components that synergistically result in solutions for biomedical problems. Design and evaluate a system, component, or process to meet desired needs and standards within realistic constraints such as those based on economic,Design environmental, sustainability, constructability, ethical, health and safety, social, legal, regulatory, and political issues. Apply knowledge of descriptive statistics, measurement concepts, hypothesisStatistics testing, and probability distributions.Computing and Data Apply knowledge of computer programming, numerical

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 5

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marina Dias; Sreyoshi Bhaduri, Amazon ; Amulya Mysore; Wanqun Zhao; Amelia Rivera-Burnett; Shahriar Sadighi; Robert Pulvermacher

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

other factors. Workers hired after thenew scheme was implemented were on average 28% more productive than the ones hired in theold regime.Experimentation is an effort that requires collaboration among Science, Product, andEngineering teams which means it is typically multi-disciplinary in nature. Experiments typicallyhave three phases: the pre-experiment planning, the implementation and monitoring, and thepost-experiment analysis. During the pre-experiment planning, Science, Product, andEngineering work together to translate the business problem at hand into testable hypothesis,make ethical and legal considerations and submit the research proposal for review if applicable,define the details of the intervention, design the randomization, define

Collection

2022 ASEE Illinois-Indiana Section Conference

Authors

Shantanu Gupta, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Mary E. Johnson Ph.D., Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Jiansen Wang, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

approaches and ethics, leadership styles, and social and political issues.Students developed mutual respect and appreciation for different cultures byunderstanding the differences and identifying some deep-rooted similarities in cultures and socialbehaviors. Being international graduate students, they learned professional social etiquettesfollowed in United States and how to build professional relationships with professionals from othercultures. By working in culturally diverse teams for semester-long projects, the graduate studentslearned some critical professional skills such as effective communication, project management,leadership, and critical thinking. For example, one of the graduate students learned to apply criticalthinking to provide

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ming Li, Beijing Foreign Studies University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

the Chinese nation in the cultural andspiritual path. Among them, the ethical culture of Confucianism constitutes the core oftraditional culture and is an important pillar of life and spiritual order. For example,Confucianism advocates “exercising benevolence”. The cultural intension of this kind ofbenevolence is manifested in the spirit of practicing, caring about society, and activelyjoining the society (ru shi). The Taoist thought advocates “inaction” or “do-nothingness” (wuwei) to express the heart of salvation. Among them, the dialectic thought that “being andnot-being grow out of one another” (you wu xiang sheng) in Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching hasimportant implications for entrepreneurial activities, such as starting a business from nothing

Conference Session

Teamwork: Priming, Empathy, and Metacognition

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nathalie Al Kakoun, Swansea University; Frederic Boy, Swansea University; Catherine Groves; Patricia Xavier, Swansea University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

integrating community knowledge into projects; and (d) addressing ambiguous questionsand ethics” [23, p.6].Niles et al [23, p.6] explain the struggles engineering students experience when publicwelfare related assignments are “foregrounded”. They [23] explain how that disrupts the“technical/social dualism in engineering” which eventually leads to the complications of thestudents’ understanding of “what it means to be an engineer, what engineers do, and whatconstitutes engineering knowledge and expertise”. Niles et al [23, p.6] further explain howthis “created difficulties for students as they contended with conflicting conceptions ofengineering knowledge and practice”.Moreover, the findings of Niles et al [23], along with others that describe how

Conference Session

Socially Responsible Engineering II: Pedagogy, Teamwork, and Student Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michael D. Gross, Wake Forest University; Joseph Wiinikka-Lydon, Wake Forest University; Michael Lamb, Wake Forest University ; Olga Pierrakos, Wake Forest University ; Adetoun Yeaman, Wake Forest University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

- partment of Engineering and the Program on Leadership and Character to integrate character education into the Engineering Department’s core curriculum. He has lectured widely in North America and Eu- rope, including giving the Goodspeed Lecture last spring at Denison University. Prior to Wake Forest, he was a founding Fellow and Lecturer at the E.U.-funded Center for Ethics outside of Prague, formed to expand ethics research and education in Central Europe, and has held teaching positions at Sewanee: The University of the South, Denison University, and Birmingham-Southern College. Trained in reli- gious studies and moral philosophy, his research has focused on moral injury and trauma. He is author of Moral Injury and

Conference Session

Computers in Education 10 - Technology 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Irini Spyridakis, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Paper ID #34927User Interface Design: Applying Heuristics for Improved UsabilityMs. Irini Spyridakis, University of Washington Irini Spyridakis is an Assistant Teaching Professor in the Department of Human Centered Design & En- gineering at the University of Washington. Her research and teaching concern ethics and sustainable design in engineering, human computer interaction, smart cities, resource constrained communities, tech- nology for social good, and STEM outreach. She has close to 20 years of teaching experience and is an experienced UX researcher and designer. American

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Technological Literacy

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jayanta K. Banerjee, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

creates moreawareness in human oriented engineering design and manufacturing but also adds a novel dimension inthe personal and professional life of any engineering practitioner. In other professional schools, such asin Law and Medical schools, more emphasis is given on the socio-cultural aspects of the profession.Similarly, medical ethics and legal ethics are compulsory courses in their curricula. In engineering curricula,however, a full compulsory course on engineering ethics is not offered to the undergraduate students.For this reason, during the exams for the engineering license (Professional Engineer or PE license) therecent graduates do not perform well in the areas of engineering ethics and aesthetics. Inclusion of art and aesthetics adds

Collection

2020 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Ian Gravagne

tech companies widely panned for employing “offending”algorithms in its employment practices [4] – founder Jeff Bezos requires his executives tocommunicate via long narrative memos, not PowerPoint bullets [5].)Narrative has been the predominant mode for conveying the human condition throughout history.Perhaps it is time for engineering curricula to compliment ethics and communication training withsome exposure to narrative and story-telling, so that graduates will know how to imagine, look for,and communicate about the impact of rapid technology deployment on individual lives. This is notan entirely new concept; humanitarian engineering and “appropriate technology” initiatives attemptto comprehend and address needs and injustices for the

Collection

Middle Atlantic ASEE Section Spring 2021 Conference

Authors

Jennie Perey Saxe, University of Delaware

Tagged Topics

Diversity

class, the course objectives havethe effect of doing just that.Empathy involves taking the perspective of others or placing oneself in the role of someone else.Empathy developed through this “role-taking” can lead to more efficient communication [8]. Infact, stakeholder-focused communications employ two of the three aspects of empathy:perspective taking and empathetic concern [9], [10]. When communications are developed tofocus on the content and delivery needs of the person receiving a message, this change inperspective sets the stage for more ethical communication and stakeholder involvement indecision-making [11]. The combination of positive attitudes toward communication andempathy is encouraged in the education of future physicians, to

Collection

ASEE 2021 Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Authors

Randall D. Manteufel, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Amir Karimi P.E., The University of Texas at San Antonio

program, with introduction to the developing communication skills andunderstanding engineering ethics as early as the Freshman year, typically accomplished in anintroductory engineering design/graphics course.It is understandable that some faculty become disconnected with the ABET continuous improvementprocess, especially where there is little or weak connection between the course they teach and thecollection/analysis of data used to assess SO. Faculty are often helping student develop asengineers, which is a process that is not reserved for the senior design courses. In many cases,faculty could contribute more strongly to the ABET continuous improvement cycle. In some cases,they may need to just document what they currently do in a course or