Conference Session

Embedded Computing

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Barrett, University of Wyoming; Daniel Pack, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

the Verilog HDL course andthe senior capstone course. Students were required to complete an open ended, teamproject of their choosing. They were required to demonstrate they mastery of design andtesting concepts through the project. The senior design projects were mentored by a teamof faculty members who rigorously monitored students’ progress to meet the courserequirements which include detailed testing plans and meticulous documentation. Theinformal feedback from the faculty members show that the frequent formal reportdeadlines combined with a clear presentation of the testing and documenting process atthe start of the semester were effective. The prior project results were of the highestcaliber and demonstrated complex design depth. We

Conference Session

Hardware Applications

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary Spivey, George Fox University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

The Chirps Prototyping System Abstract Oregon State University has been a pioneer in developing a “Platform for Learning” usingtheir TekBots platform as a fundamental part of their electrical and computer engineeringcurriculum. At George Fox University, we fundamentally affirm this concept of a “Platform forLearning,” but we additionally desire a “Platform for Prototyping.” By “Platform forPrototyping,” we mean a platform that will enable our engineering students to create significantengineering projects as part of a myriad of service-learning projects, student research, courseprojects, and the senior capstone experience. To be effective across our curriculum, this systemmust not only be usable by mechanical, electrical and computer

Conference Session

COED: EE Topics

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Afsaneh Minaie, Utah Valley University; Ephraim Nielson, Utah Valley University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 Modeling a Perceptron Neural Network Using Verilog Developed Floating- Point Numbering System and Modules for Hardware SynthesisAbstractThe purpose of a capstone design project is to provide graduating senior students the opportunityto demonstrate understanding of the concepts they have learned during the course of their studies.As with many engineering programs, students of the computer engineering program at Utah ValleyUniversity (UVU) conclude their degree programs with a semester capstone design experience.This paper presents the details of a sample project that a student has done in this capstone course.This senior design project implements the perceptron neural network using Systems

Conference Session

Computing Technology Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jingwen(Jess) Li, PSU; EUNSIK KIM, Pennsylvania State University; Alec M Schultis, Harold and Inge Marcus Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering; Andrew Joseph Kapfer, The Pennsylvania State University ; Jimmy Lin, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Peter A Yake; Domenic M Erjavec; Benjamin Dabat; Ling Rothrock, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

following questions are left unaddressed: how toevaluate the effectiveness of a gamification product in education? What would students learn ifthey create and criticize gamification products? To answer the above research questions, thispaper proposes a peer-based gamification critiquing process based on peer-developedgamification products. Both the development and critique processes were applied throughCapstone projects. Capstone projects in the United States have become increasingly popularamong many engineering education programs under ABET requirements since the 20th century[19-21]. Capstone projects are different from traditional engineering courses in terms ofproviding senior-standing engineering students with experience solving “real world

Conference Session

Signal Processing Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Birmingham, Grove City College

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

acknowledge GCC’s Swezey research fund for providing equipment and studentresearch stipend support.References1. Blossom, E., Listening to FM radio in software, step by step. Linux Journal, September 2004, Vol. 125.2. FlexRadio Systems. [Online] http://www.flex-radio.com/.3. Birmingham, W. and L. Acker, Software-defined radio as an undergraduate project. Proceedings of ACMSIGCSE, Covington, KY, 2007.4. Silage, D., Reintroducing Amateur Radio In ECE Capstone Design Projects. Proceedings of the 2004 AmericanSociety for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition.5. Digital Radio Mondiale Consortium. [Online] http://www.drm.org/.6. Tayloe, R., US Patent #6,230,0007. Youngblood, G., A Software-Defined Radio for the Masses, Part 1. QEX. 2002

Conference Session

Embedded Computing

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Holden, California Maritime Academy

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. Finding a common platformto use in many classes allows the instruction time devoted to microcontrollers to be distributed sothat the new topic can be added without cutting significantly into the existing curriculum.Rather than taking one microcontroller class near their senior year, the students will be exposedto microcontrollers as early as their freshman or sophomore years, and will gain experience withthe same hardware in several classes. There are several advantages to this approach compared toadding a standalone technical elective to the curriculum.The primary advantage is that students learn the material early in their education and have adeveloped skill set ready to apply to capstone design projects. There is not much prerequisiteknowledge

Conference Session

Computers and Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Khalid W Khawaja, American University in Dubai

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

a high focusprogram-curriculum. However, the exception that is made in the capstone project coursewhere the students are assessed on several program outcomes must be looked into.Every program outcome is assessed by more than one course (high coverage and high validityProgram-curriculum). However, some of the program outcomes are assessed by only thecourses and no other tool, which is an issue that may require attention (high coveragemedium validity program). Again, excluding the capstone, the program assessment has Highfocus.Now looking at the capstone, not all the outcomes of the capstone are assessed. This could be Page 23.60.15an

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yogendra M. Panta, Youngstown State University; Hyun W. Kim, Youngstown State University; Param C Adhikari, Youngstown State University; Sanket Aryal, Youngstown State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

syllabus. One of the mainobjectives is to teach students from novice to expert users preparing them with adequate fluidmechanics fundamentals and hands-on CFD project works to prepare for their capstone designprojects, higher education and advanced research in fluid mechanics. We have planned toincorporate a CFD educational interface for hands-on student experience in fluid mechanics,which reflects real-world engineering applications used in companies, government research labs,and higher education research.1. IntroductionComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been included as a senior-level Thermal-FluidsEngineering course in the curriculum of mechanical engineering program at many USuniversities. In some universities, this course is adopted in

Conference Session

COED: EE Topics

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheng Chih Liu, University of Wisconsin-Stout

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

register and can be calculated using integer division and the modulusoperator. The Verilog code for doing this is shown here:Student Final ProjectThe final project is the capstone for this class. Table III is a list of all video game projects in2017. Table IV shows whether the lab assignments and student projects have a focus on gamingfrom 2015 to 2017. Each project group was formed by students and had between one to threestudents per group. Students can choose their project with a gaming focus or a project of otherfocus using the Basys-3 board. Table V shows the number of student projects with a gamingfocus and other design focus, as well as the project evaluation outcome.Table III List of video game projects in digital system design course in

Conference Session

CoED: Embedded Systems and Robotics

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ying Lin, Western Washington University; Todd D. Morton, Western Washington University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

inspired by theneeds of creating meaningful hands-on DSP lab experiments in the allotted one term period (tenweeks) and by the goal of improving student success in implementing DSP-based culminatingprojects that meet desired goals within realistic constraints. The benefits of integrating the MCUtools in the DSP course are very promising. It permits more practical DSP laboratories and DSP-based capstone projects that render richer design experiences and makes meeting realistic designconstraints feasible. Furthermore, it provides an integrated laboratory curriculum structurebetween embedded microcontroller and DSP courses which reduces students’ unnecessary effortof learning new tools in different courses. Consequently, students can focus more on

Conference Session

Teaching and Advising Tools Using Computers and Smart Devices

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emil H Salib, James Madison University; Ian Healey, ASIS International; Alexander Ryan Chamberlain, Cisco Systems ; Livia S Griffith

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

across campus. Not only are expenses incurred inhardware costs but also in manpower hours setting up and tearing down computing labs, installingsoftware and maintaining images.In [1], the authors provide excellent survey of the opportunities of using Cloud Computing ineducational environment. We also believe that the problems identified above can be solved byintegrating a private cloud computing environment into James Madison University’s educationalresources. This challenge became the topic of a senior capstone project at James Madison Uni-versity. Two students and their advisor proposed to address these issues by utilizing VMwarevSphere [2] and Horizon View software [3] suites. Horizon View is a cloud computing solutionthat provides access to

Conference Session

Development of Computational Tools

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory K Watkins P.E., California State University, Chico

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

equations. Assignmentproblems have included rigorous hand-work such as assembling stiffness matrices, as well ascomputer based solutions through non-specific computational software such as Excel orMATLAB®. The course traditionally has not included any exposure to, or instruction in, the useof commercial FEA software.Past feedback from advisory committees, capstone sponsors, senior exit surveys, and otheranecdotal evidence clearly indicated a problem with the curriculum’s approach to finiteelements. While program graduates may be well versed in the theory, there is strong evidencethat they are not skilled its proper application through the use of commercial FEA software.Common observations included poorly posed problems, unnecessary computational

Conference Session

Robots in Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Fernandez, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center; Richard Fischer, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center; Paul Drews, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Amir Mobasher, Alabama A&M University; Maegan Grady, Saint Mary's College, University of Notre Dame; Robert Rucker, Vanderbilt University; Jessica Tham, Louisiana Tech University; Thomas Bierbower, Randolph High School

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

directly aligned with the work done withing NASA;consequently, this had potential for recruiting new students to the engineering programs. More importantly, involvement of students with the real world engineering programs, helped in retention of students. Some of the students involved in this project participated in hands-on experience through their capstone design projects enabling them to apply their knowledge of engineering and mathematics. The vehicle was displayed at important university events such as Highschool Day and Engineering day and through this vehicle missions of NASA and AAMU were exposed to the potential engineering students.d. Familiarity with NASA goals and missions- the research project provided an avenue for

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Craig, North Carolina State University; Lisa Bullard, North Carolina State University; Jeff Joines, North Carolina State University; Tom Miller, North Carolina State University; Carolyn Miller, North Carolina State University; Dianne Raubenheimer; George Rouskas, North Carolina State University; Larry Silverberg, North Carolina State University; Eric Wiebe, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. • Plan a multidisciplinary capstone senior design project course for all departments in the College of Engineering to engage computing intensive disciplines with other engineering disciplines. • Create a junior year multidisciplinary project that relies on extensive collaboration with computing intensive disciplines. • Initiate formal computing concentrations in select engineering departments.In addition, a primary thrust of Year 3 will be on summarizing the results of the first two years ofthe project and preparing for an undergraduate computing education transformation plan. Effortsof the community that are successfully implemented at this university will be integrated intomodels that can be replicated at other

Conference Session

Faculty Tools

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Walter W. Schilling, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. Page 22.709.5 Figure 4 GForge system.2.2 GForgeGForge is a collaborative software application in the cloud originally created for SourceForge. Itincludes multiple tools which engineering students find useful, especially for capstone projects.GForge integrates administrative tasks (user management, security, etc.), issue tracking,document storage, file storage, a wiki, and a subversion repository into a single online system.Students can then use the GForge system to store project artifacts as a project evolves.GForge and related systems have been used in multiple environments for capstone projects.11, 12From a faculty standpoint, the GForge system allows a faculty member limitless access toanalyze student

Conference Session

Web-Based Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory Rutkowski, University of Minnesota-Duluth

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

-Req X X Lab II Report Stu-Req X X Capstone Design Project Stu-Req X X Multidisciplinary Team Project Stu-Req X X Ethics Project Stu-Req X X Heat and Mass Transfer Project Stu-Opt X Fluid Mechanics Project Stu-Opt X Reactor Design Project Stu-Opt X Separations Project Stu-Opt

Conference Session

Technical Session 2: Embedded Systems

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J.w. Bruce, Tennessee Technological University; Ryan A. Taylor, University of Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 A Long-Term Study of Software Product and Process Metrics in an Embedded Systems Design CourseIn response to input from advisory employers, market demands, and academic studies [1], manycomputer engineering programs have increased focus on embedded computer systems.Embedded systems form a rich application through which computer engineering education canbe made relevant. Embedded computer systems are a timely subject that is immediately useful tostudents in their senior capstone design projects. Furthermore, a large number of our computerengineering graduates currently use or design embedded computer systems in their jobs.A team-based progressive embedded systems

Conference Session

Faculty Tools

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua A. Enszer, University of Notre Dame; Jessica A Kuczenski, Century College; Kerry Meyers, University of Notre Dame; Jay B. Brockman, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Portfolios in Academic Advising, Self-Guided Learning, and Self-AssessmentAbstractAs part of our undergraduate program’s commitment to producing quality engineers who havebegun to look beyond entry-level jobs, we have recently launched the Notre Dame ElectronicPortfolio (NDeP) project. In its second year in the chemical engineering department,implementation of the program for new sophomores was informed by the pilot year andimproved in both scope and execution. We have further collected data at the start and end ofthese sophomores’ first semester to track changes in student perceptions as they relate to many ofthe desired outcomes of our accredited engineering programs. We have found that this semestermarks several changes in

Conference Session

Faculty Tools

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher P. Pung, Grand Valley State University; John Farris, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

delivery of a new graduate biomedical engineering masters degree with a focus on the medical device development Page 22.261.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011A Preliminary Assessment of the CATME Peer Evaluation Tool EffectivenessAbstractIn project intensive courses student teams are used to enable completion of significant work and,hopefully, significant learning in one semester. Faculty desire to use peer evaluations and self-evaluations to assess how much each team member contributes to the overall effort and successof the project. Ideally, the evaluations and assessments will lead

Conference Session

Computers in Education 9 - Technology 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mahgol Nowparvar, Pennsylvania State University ; Xing Chen, Pennsylvania State University ; Omar Ashour, Pennsylvania State University ; Sabahattin Gokhan Ozden, Pennsylvania State University Abington; Ashkan Negahban, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

element course,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Proc., 2017, doi: 10.18260/1-2-- 28046.[19] M. R. Nalim and S. Krishnan, “Project-Based Learning in Introductory Thermodynamics,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Proc., 2009, doi: 10.18260/1-2--5615.[20] C. L. Curotto and K. C. Gramoll, “Dynamics simulation using server cluster technology,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Proc., 2012, doi: 10.18260/1-2--21239.[21] J. Widmann, “Enhancement of capstone industry sponsored senior projects through team- based, product realization activities,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Proc., 2008, doi: 10.18260/1-2-- 4412.[22] H. B. Karayaka, T. Parrish, and R. D. Adams, “A capstone project: Assessment of energy savings from retuning of air handlers,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Proc., 2017

Conference Session

The Best of Computers in Education

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Reeping, Virginia Tech; John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

the Executive Committee for the Computing Accreditation Commission of ABET, and also serves as a program evaluator for the Engineering Accreditation Commission. He is also a founding member and serves as Vice President of The Pledge of the Computing Professional, an organization dedicated to the promotion of ethics in the computing professions through a standardized rite-of-passage ceremony. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 Partnering to Develop Educational Software Applications: A Four-Year Retrospective StudyIntroductionSeveral years ago, a project was added to the first-year programming sequence at Ohio NorthernUniversity that focused on

Conference Session

Computers in Education 1 - Programming 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ben Tribelhorn, University of Portland; Heather Dillon, University of Washington Tacoma; Andrew M. Nuxoll, University of Portland; Nicole C. Ralston, University of Portland

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

and suggest a few ways to improve the modulesover time.Module ResultsQualitatively, we found that the student work completed in these modules to be higher qualitythan similar work submitted in prior years. Exam scores were improved when measuring studentsability to create use cases, especially clarity and completeness. This qualitative improvement wasalso noticed by the instructors of our senior capstone course. The module on quality attributesnoticeably increased student commitment at the end of the project attributable to the perspective itprovides the students. Projects from the course most recently have included web-apps fordiscovering and rating art installations in Hawaii, displaying comparative statistics aboutclean/dirty energy

Conference Session

Course Development / Curriculum Development

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alisa Gilmore P.E., University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

personal engagement in assignments (3.69) o Provided personal satisfaction in completing assignments (3.68) • On a scale of 1 to 5, students reported that the labs in the course impacted their motivation and confidence for their capstone design project or career most in the following ways: o Increased self-directed learning skills (3.76) o Provided motivation for performing well in project tasks and responsibilities (3.67) o Influenced confidence that the design project or career is within their abilities (3.5)Open answer responses over all 3 semesters revealed a range of student thoughts andperspectives. The majority of the individual responses affirmed the course

Conference Session

Embedded Computing

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Holden, California Maritime Academy

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

ready to apply to capstone design projects. The background knowledgeneeded to learn microcontrollers does not require typical engineering prerequisites such ascalculus or dynamics. Assuming that microcontroller programming (programming in C) will betaught as part of the microcontroller curriculum, only basic computer skills are needed from thestudents. Most incoming students have the knowledge to get started in microcontrollers.Another advantage is that the students will learn these skills without adding classes to the Page 14.1258.2curriculum. At the California Maritime Academy, as in most engineering programs, the studentcourse load is at a

Conference Session

Mobile Robots in Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Barrett, University of Wyoming; Chad Hager, University of Wyoming; Mike Yurkoski, University of Wyoming; Robert Lewis, University of Wyoming; Matthew Jespersen, University of Wyoming; Zachary Ruble, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

years we have used student designed and developed laboratory equipmentwith great success. Typically a student team will design and fabricate a prototype of anext –generation piece of laboratory equipment. Other students are then hired tofabricate multiple production run pieces of the equipment. Student developed laboratoryequipment solves two challenging problems confronting most engineering programs: 1)the need to update laboratory exercises and equipment without adequate funds and 2)satisfying Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) requirements fora major design experience within the curriculum. In this paper we will briefly reviewprevious projects completed such as a Motorola HC12 microcontroller based teachingplatform, a

Conference Session

Robots in Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Meuth, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Paul Robinette, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Donald Wunsch, Missouri University of Science and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2009-162: INTRODUCING ROBOTSRyan Meuth, Missouri University of Science and Technology Ryan Meuth received his Bachelors and Masters degrees in Computer Engineering from the University of Missouri –Rolla in 2005 and 2007 respectively. He is currently a Computer Engineering PhD student at Missouri University of Science and Technology (formerly the University of Missouri – Rolla). He works as a research assistant in the Applied Computational Intelligence Laboratory, contributing to research projects on optimizing the behavior of robot swarms, large scale optimization problems such as computer Go, and high performance computing methods utilizing video game consoles and graphics processing units. His

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachael Alexandra Mansbach, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Geoffrey L. Herman, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Matthew West, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Dallas R. Trinkle , University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Andrew Ferguson, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Andre Schleife, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Science and Engineer- ing at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He obtained his Diploma and Ph.D. at Friedrich- Schiller-University in Jena, Germany for his theoretical work on transparent conducting oxides. Before he started at UIUC he worked as a Postdoctoral Researcher at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory on a project that aimed at a description of non-adiabatic electron ion dynamics. His research revolves around excited electronic states and their dynamics in various materials using accurate computational methods and making use of modern super computers in order to understand, for instance, how light is absorbed in photo-voltaic materials. c American Society for

Conference Session

Computers in Education Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Timothy D. Ropp, Purdue University, West Lafayette; David M. Whittinghill, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Raymond A. Hansen, Purdue University; Erin E. Bowen, Purdue University; Joshua L. Holmes

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

workenvironment into the students’ repertoire of critical industry skills. Working within the AviationDepartment’s Hangar of the Future Research Laboratory at Purdue University, students arechallenged to innovate upon the use of common personal computing devices and data networksused in aircraft maintenance, creating more intuitive electronic performance support to aircrafttechnicians.As part of semester projects, students within a senior capstone course AT 402 AircraftAirworthiness Assurance are assigned hands on, design-build-test projects relating to smarterprocesses, smarter tools and smarter networks for aircraft maintenance. They must reach out andwork collaboratively with other students and instructors to experience first hand the challengesof

Conference Session

Software Engineering Concepts

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sushil Acharya, Robert Morris University; Priya Manohar, Robert Morris University; Peter Y Wu, Robert Morris University; Bruce R Maxim, University of Michigan, Dearborn

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

and validation, it is important to understand the differences in theinstitutions’ profiles’ and activities. This section provides background information on the twoprograms’ profiles in this article. a. Robert Morris University (RMU) Robert Morris University offers an accredited Bachelors of Science degree in engineering (Software Engineering concentration), and has been accredited since 2002. The emphasis is on small class sizes (10:1 student to faculty ratio) and hands on experiences through class assignments, course projects, internships (150 hours mandatory), and an interdisciplinary capstone project (3 credits). RMU also offers B.S. in Engineering degrees in Mechanical, Industrial, and Biomedical

Conference Session

Embedded Computing

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Richardson, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

outside work at home, since they have thedevelopment board. This also allows the students to be able to utilize these boards forother course projects and can significantly aid in capstone project courses.Having the students buy their own development boards can significantly add cost to thesecourses. To ensure that the students are spending their money wisely, we have turnedtowards a decision matrix to help ensure that we are utilizing the best platform for thesecourses and the future courses that the students may take.Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP):Analytical Hierarchy is a well known process of evaluating and making decisions basedon requirements. The exact process to be under taken is beyond the scope of this article.However, the general