Conference Session

ERM: Identity Impacts (Identity Part 2)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather Perkins, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Allison Godwin, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Edward Berger, Professor of Engineering Education and Mechanical Engineering; Justin Major, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jameka Wiggins, The Ohio State University; Amanda Johnston, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Kerrie Douglas, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Julie Martin, The Ohio State University; Ines Direito

’ social interactions fundamentally changed in March of 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic forced universities worldwide to shift to emergency remote teaching (ERT).Student’s relationships were no longer based on frequent, in-person interacts with members ofthe campus community. Face-to-face classes and co-curricular activities on campuses halted andstudents faced changes in living situations as they sheltered-in-place with family or friends [1],[2].The changes in social interactions caused by the pandemic are concerning to educators becausethese interactions are important for learning. Learning is a social activity and social interactionsare necessary to develop deep understandings of new and complex ideas [3]–[6]. Engineeringstudents frequently

Conference Session

ERM: Exploring Educational Technology in Engineering

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed Ashraf Butt, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Saira Anwar, Texas A&M University; Muhsin Menekse, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Awards (in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021) from Purdue University's Excellence in Research Awards programs in recognition of obtaining four external grants of $1 million or more during each year. His research has been generously funded by grants from the Institute of Education Sciences (IES), the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), Purdue Research Foundation (PRF), and the National Science Foundation (NSF). © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com WIP: Role of Digital Nudging Strategies on STEM Students’ Application EngagementAbstractThe aim of this work-in progress study is to explore the impact of digital nudging strategieson the

Conference Session

ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 2)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Rajkumari Jayasekaran, University of Florida; Saira Anwar, Texas A&M University

schools to go fully online for the protection of everyone. Due to the closure ofuniversities and the shift to online teaching, one significant change was in the adoption ofmultiple and divergent modes of instruction. Instructors worldwide had to develop creativeand innovative ways of teaching to keep students engaged and impart knowledge [1], [2].Within days of emergency transition, all instructors transitioned online and were fullyfunctional. Although this was not what anyone had signed up for when Spring 2020 began,the last few semesters remained a challenge for instructors. However, the noticeableachievement of instructors was the use of innovative strategies to teach their classes, engagestudents, maintain students' attention, and enhance

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacob Marszalek, University of Missouri - Kansas City; Michelle Maher, University of Missouri - Kansas City

[1], [2]. Onerecommendation made by researchers and policy-makers is to increase students’ sense ofengineering identity and engineering self-efficacy [2]. Conceptualizations of these constructsoften include some form of problem-solving [2]-[4]. Therefore, it is reasonable to surmiseproblem-solving self-efficacy (i.e., belief in one’s ability to solve problems) is a core componentof engineering identity and engineering self-efficacy, and that increasing it will increase them.However, before investigating methods to increase problem-solving self-efficacy, researchersmust operationally define it and adopt a reliable and valid measure of it, whether through scaledevelopment or adaptation of a pre-existing scale, the latter of which is the

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 3 Capstone Design

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Austin Talley, Texas State University; C. Compeau, Texas State University

encompassed autonomously navigating through the hallways of theengineering building, or physical competitions in which the goal is to push the opponent’s robot out of adefined area. While we have a very capable Makerspace[1] in our engineering building, EE students havetypically used it in one of two ways. The first was to 3D print components for robot-competitionprojects. The other, which is more common, is to 3D print an enclosure at the end of a project andalmost as an afterthought. This results in our students focusing on one small part of what could be amuch larger development effort in industry and to miss out on how other facets of an engineeringproject influence their work, and vice versa. To provide a broader and more realistic

Conference Session

CIT Division Technical Session #7

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Verleger, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach; Richard Stansbury, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach; Mustafa Akbas, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach; Philip Craiger

) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com An Undergraduate Research Experience in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Cybersecurity – Outcomes and Lessons LearnedAbstractThis paper is an update of a Work-in-Progress presented at the ASEE 2021 virtual conference [1]and includes new data from after the 2021 paper was accepted for publication. An undergraduateresearch experience was developed in response to an Office of Naval Research program seekingto develop “innovative solutions that directly maintain, or cultivate a diverse, world-class STEMworkforce in order to maintain the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps' technological superiority.”During the fall 2020

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Liang Wang; Wei Zhang, Zhejiang University; binbin shao, Zhejiang University

needs. To achieve a better sustainable economic and socialdevelopment, China’s government has implemented some major strategies in the field of Science,Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). Still, the critical factors in great need are engineeringand technology talents. So the reform of China’s engineering education is the key to solutions for thesechallenges, as a result, China’s higher education management departments point out a new engineeringeducation reforming direction: Emerging Engineering Education transformation (3E transformation)[1].Emerging Engineering Education emphasizes students’ practicability, crossover, and comprehensiveunderstanding of subjects more[2]. Now as a most essential transformative experiment in

Conference Session

LEES Session 8: Care and Commitments

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Mallette, Boise State University

develop the study reported in this paper.These stories underscored the inequities too often present in engineering teamwork, particularlyaround project management and communication. These inequities often mean women areburdened with the “menial tasks” of projects [1], thus undermining the message thatcommunication is as essential as technical work. Despite the field’s acknowledgments thatcommunication and teamwork skills are essential, technical skills are still more highly valued,and women are often asked to take up more management and communication tasks and blockedfrom the technical [2]. In fact, studies have found that these divisions often lead women inparticular to leave engineering: while making up 20% of all engineering graduates, “nearly

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division: Supporting and Evaluating Student Learning in BioE/BME Courses

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leann Dourte Segan, University of Pennsylvania

-Learning and Community in a Virtual Bioengineering Laboratory CourseIntroductionOnline enrollment in engineering courses has been steadily increasing, further fueled by theCOVID-19 pandemic [1, 2]. Unfortunately, the online environment creates barriers to the waystudents interact with each other and their instructor. In an in-person bioengineering laboratoryclass, for example, students interact with their peers and instructors freely – entering and exitingconversations as-needed and seeking support when a problem arises. Discussions center aroundchallenges the students are facing in real time and learning happens not only from the instructorbut from peers as well. In addition to meeting educational outcomes, time in the laboratory

Conference Session

CIT Division Technical Session #8

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mercy Jaiyeola; Sarah Lee, Mississippi State University; Allen Parrish

direction of futureinvestments in BPC efforts.In pursuit of this goal, the following research questions are addressed: 1. What are the common themes across educational pathway experiences that emerge from the analysis of computing professionals’ data across racial and gender dimensions? 2. Which of these common experiences result in successful long-term (greater than 3 years) employment outcomes in the technology sector for women and blacks? 3. How do the findings of this study inform national investment in broadening participation efforts that seek to increase racial and gender diversity in the computing workforce?This research studies the computing education and workforce landscape within the United Statesof America with

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norma Garza, The University of Texas at Arlington; Sarah Rodriguez, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

borderlands of identity from Mexican American women in Engineering and Computer Science (Work in Progress)Out of close to 2 million students enrolled in 2018, only around 2.8% of Latina students earned abachelor’s degree in science and engineering [1]. In engineering, Latino men earned 3.5 timesthe number of bachelor’s degrees in engineering as Latina women did [2] while Latina womenmake up only 2% of all computing bachelor’s degrees [3]. Previous literature on Latina studentsin engineering and computing within higher education has shown the importance of identityformation and community cultural wealth [4] [5], having a strong network of support from peers,advisors, and faculty, particularly those from the same race/ethnicity [6] - [8], and

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Bork, University of Michigan; Joi-lynn Mondisa, University of Michigan; Nagash Clarke

STEM.IntroductionResearch has shown that mentoring can improve the participation and persistence of historicallymarginalized students in STEM particularly students who identify as Black, Hispanic/Latinx, andIndigenous [1]–[3]. Mentors have been tasked with the role of supporting mentees in careerdevelopment as well as psychosocial support [3], [4]. Mentors have varying approaches tosupport their minoritized mentees. For example, mentors can use a guidance and resourcedirected approach, or an empathetic approach [5]. The context in which mentoring occurs (e.g.,in a research group or informal) can also influence the outcome [6]. There have been severalstudies on mentoring of students. However, there is a paucity of literature that examines effectivementoring

Conference Session

ERM: Find Out More About Faculty!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kaitlyn Thomas, University of Nevada, Reno; Derrick Satterfield, University of Nevada, Reno; Jeanne Sanders, University of Nevada, Reno; Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno; Kelly Cross, University of Nevada, Reno

DEI, engineering departments and colleges haveprioritized plans and proposals for inclusive communities on campus and initiatives to diversifyfaculty and students [1].Research shows that hindrances of DEI change efforts are systemic and require an analysis of allorganizational structures within a system [2]. Through these efforts, it has been suggested thatengineering leaders in academia, including faculty, share the responsibility of educatingthemselves and others about topics surrounding DEI. This process includes engaging in difficultconversations, in which understanding local context is essential to change efforts. Due to thisresponsibility, understanding engineering faculty beliefs about DEI is necessary to utilizepositive change and

Conference Session

ERM: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elsa Villa, University of Texas at El Paso; Ann Gates, University of Texas at El Paso; Patricia Morreale, Kean University; Mohsen Beheshti; Nayda Santiago, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus

Institutions (CAHSI) expands adoption of evidence-based, multi-institutional graduate support structures that lead to Latinx students’ success. The strategicefforts address well-documented barriers among graduate students (across all areas of study),e.g., feeling of isolation, lack of support structures, deficit thinking, and negative departmentalclimate [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. The CAHSI Alliance was established in the early 2000s to create aunified voice of HSIs in consolidating resources and strengths committed to increasing thenumber of Latinx students in computing. The CAHSI Alliance’s success in increasing the representation of Hispanics in

Conference Session

PCEE Session 4: Resource / Curriculum Exchange

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruben Lopez-Parra, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Barbara Fagundes; Nrupaja Bhide, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Diallo Wallace, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Joana Marques Melo, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Maeve Drummond Oakes, Purdue University College of Engineering; Allison Godwin, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Tamara Moore, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

compute the EPG system costs. Next Generation Science Standards •MS-ETS1-1; MS-ETS1-2; MS-ETS1-3; MS-ETS1-4; MS-PS1-2; MS- PS3-1; MS-PS4-1; MS-PS4-2; MS-LS2-5; Common Core Standards for Mathematics •MP.4; 6.SP.B.4; 6.SP.B.4; 6.RP.A.1; 6.RP.A.3The Center for the Innovative and Strategic Transformation ofAlkane Resources (CISTAR) is a National Science Foundation (NSF)Engineering Research Center (ERC) focused on shale resources as abridge to renewable energy. CISTAR Pre-College Education objectives areto stimulate interest in engineering careers at the middle and high schoollevels and to strengthen pathways to promote the participation ofunderrepresented students in

Conference Session

ERM: New Research Methods and Tools

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nadia Kellam, Arizona State University; Madeleine Jennings, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus

data and what might this tell us about our values and epistemologies?Journal articles that are qualitative, engineering education, and published in 2019 were identifiedthrough database searches of Engineering Village and Google Scholar resulting in 27 journalarticles from nine journals. The analysis followed a process presented in the book,Reconceptualizing Qualitative Research [1] and involved multiple readings of each journalarticle and considerations of the types and amounts of data, the relationships between researchersand the data, the types of questions authors tried to answer with their data, how authors workedwith and learned from their data, and how data was analyzed.The results suggest a range of types and amounts of data collected

Conference Session

ERM: Instruction and Engagement

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gerald Prendergast, University of South Carolina Aiken

) class using Creo Parametric, a feature-based solid modelingprogram. In spring 2019, the author instructed students in a traditional classroom setting, goingstep-by-step through the first ten lessons in Toogood [1]. However, in spring 2020 when classesshifted online due to the pandemic, the author decided to shift his instruction to a recorded videoformat. This approach provided students with more flexibility and a greater sense of control overtheir learning process. Students responded very well to this approach and performed better, onaverage, than in 2019. The recorded video approach also seemed to align well with the attentionto detail required for computer modeling. Therefore, the author used this video tutorial approacheven more extensively

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Whitney Gaskins, University of Cincinnati; Samieh Askarian, University of Cincinnati; Keri Eason

metric.Our results suggest that engineering must do more to improve the racial climate and understandracial identity. Once engineering communities understand the importance of racial and ethnicidentity the more inclusive the spaces can be that will help ensure participation and increaserepresentation of Black students.IntroductionFor decades, administrators, researchers and scholars have been reporting on the demographicdisparities in representation amongst Black students in engineering [1]. Workforce developmenthas been asking for more diversity and an increase in representation, but numbers have remainedstagnant [2] – [3]. Culture in colleges of engineering have been described as chilly [4]. There arenoted campus climate issues around race, class

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shamita V, Nanyang Technological University; Ibrahim H. Yeter, Nanyang Technological University; Eileen Fong, Nanyang Technological University

relationships as sources of knowledge to better understand students and theirbackgrounds, and consequently teach them in a more effective manner (Moll et al., 1992).This allows for a more flexible teaching style in which students are not limited to following aspecific method but are given greater liberty to approach problems in different ways to yieldthe same result (Moll et al., 1992).Figure 1. Model illustrating how the constructs of funds of knowledge and engineeringeducation are related As illustrated in the figure 1, there are 10 latent constructs that constitute the funds ofknowledge instrument to be assessed: (1) tinkering knowledge from home, (2) tinkeringknowledge from work, (3) connecting experiences, (4) networks from family members

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Walker, University of Texas at Dallas; Laura Gelles, University of Texas at Dallas

that underrepresented students who intend to persist haveinternalized the dominant culture within ECS, which helps enable their success. For studentswho have not internalized that culture, the ‘chilly climate’ is likely all the chillier, which mayinfluence their persistence.1. IntroductionUndergraduate retention and persistence has been studied extensively in higher education andwithin engineering education [1]–[6]. In STEM fields like engineering, retaining students isimportant to building and growing a talented and qualified technical workforce to drive longterm economic growth and help solve societal challenges. Despite decades of research, six-yeargraduation rates within U.S. engineering undergraduate programs remain about 60% [7]–[9].This

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 2)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeff Brown, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach; Leroy Long, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach; Taylor Mitchell, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach; Chad Rohrbacher, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach

component parts or sub-problems, involving multiple disciplines,or having significant consequences in a range of contexts” [1].With two student outcomes (SO-2 and SO-4), ABET clearly connects critical thinking with asense of student growth in the realm of ethics and professional responsibility:  SO-2: an ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors  SO-4: an ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zhen Zhao, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus; Megan O'Donnell, Arizona State University; Michelle Jordan, Arizona State University; Wilhelmina Savenye, Arizona State University; Gillian Roehrig, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Marcus Lyra, Arizona State University

Engineering Research Centers (ERCs) across the nation have been funded by theNational Science Foundation (NSF) since 1985; 14 are currently operating [1]. These ERCs haveplayed a big part in not only advancing engineering and technology but also integrating research,education, and workforce development [1]. NSF requires each ERC to provide educational andprofessional development opportunities for professionals, post-doctoral researchers, graduatestudents, undergraduate students, K-14 teachers, and K-12 students. At the same time, data-driven approaches are recommended to evaluate and track the performance and impacts of theseopportunities [2]; findings are required as part of the center’s annual report and site visitpresentations. The responsibility

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suzanne Berliner Heyman, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Ashish Borgaonkar, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jaskirat Sodhi, New Jersey Institute of Technology

target demographics: underserved and underrepresentedstudents in STEM. In anticipation of this challenge, we collected letters of collaboration from schoolspresented in Table 1. These districts and schools reflect our target student demographics and represent aminimum of 28 elementary schools. Table 1: Collected Collaboration Letters and their Title I StatusSCHOOL TITLE I STATUS SCHOOL TITLE I STATUSCresthaven Academy Charter School 100% St. Rose Grammar School Eligible studentsHoboken Board of Education 60% The Charles H. Bullock School 100%Hoboken Dual Language Charter Sch. 100

Conference Session

PCEE Session 11: Engineering Outreach / Summer Programs

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maya Denton, University of Texas at Austin; Bryant Chambers; Indu Venu Sabaraya; Navid Saleh, University of Texas at Austin; Mary Kirisits, University of Texas at Austin

long-term relationships with STEM role models.Introduction Access to science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education for all youthremains an educational equity issue in the United States, particularly for engineering. While theNext Generation Science Standards (NGSS) added engineering to the K-12 science standards in2013 [1], engineering is not a required subject in most school districts. Instead, engineering isprovided as an elective course, if offered at all. Not only does the integration of engineering inK-12 science classrooms help student learning [2], it provides access to students who might nototherwise be exposed to engineering as a profession. Increased access to engineering in K-12settings is an important step

Conference Session

Graduate Studies Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Bork, University of Michigan; Joi-lynn Mondisa, University of Michigan; Nicholas Young, University of Michigan

. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Exploring the Relationship Between Culture and the Mental Health of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Graduate Students (Full Paper)AbstractIn this paper, we explore the mental health of science, engineering, and math (SEM) graduatestudents using quantitative analysis on the survey data provided by the Healthy Minds Network(HMN): Research on Adolescent and Young Adult Mental Health group, coined the HealthyMinds Study (HMS). The aim of the study is to answer the following research questions: (1) How has the mental health of SEM graduate students, measured by depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, and

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 3- Multi- and Inter-disciplinary, Collaboration, and Engagement in Practice

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuting Chen, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Blake Johnson, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Marcia Pool, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Saadeddine Shehab, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Brian Johnson, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

service-learning incorporation in more engineering courses, a team comprised offaculty and specialists from engineering, education, and media is building an ecosystem that willconnect university instructors (faculty and graduate teaching assistants) with local partners;provide educational and multi-media support, guided by experts in education and media; and servethe local community and beyond.To make connections with local community partners, the team collaborated with a campus unitthat oversees community service and received many leads due to the unit’s effective outreachstrategies. Nevertheless, the team faced two challenges: 1) addressing the needs of each localcommunity partner while still meeting the course learning objectives for the

Conference Session

NEE Technical Session - Innovative Teaching Strategies I

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence Angrave, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Jiaxi Li, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Ninghan Zhong, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

by the ASEE community e.g., to remix and create funshareable instructional content memes, and to create accessible audio and text descriptions for studentswho are blind or have low vision. Text extracted from each scene can also used to improve the accuracyof captions and transcripts, improving accessibility for students who are hard of hearing or deaf.1 Introduction Recent advancements in educational technologies have made available many innovative approaches toengage students with the course materials. In addition to standard-classroom teachings, efficient and reliableeducational tools have been developed to make the content more accessible to all students. ClassTranscribe isan educational web application that is designed to offer

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joe Muskin, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Jessica Perez, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

) fields, the US is increasingits funding for extracurricular educational science, technology, engineering, and mathematics(STEM) programs at the K-12 level [1]. High school summer research programs are becomingmore common as studies show the benefits these programs can have on high school students’interests in STEM fields and their eventual enrollment in STEM majors [2]–[7]. These programsinvolve bringing high school students to a university campus and providing them with a researchexperience, guided by a faculty member, over several weeks during the summer. However, theimplementation of hands-on, research intensive programs for high school students can be difficultfor several reasons. One obstacle is the wide gap between high school

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 3 Capstone Design

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chelsea Salinas, Colorado School of Mines; Joel Bach, Colorado School of Mines; Megan Sanders, Colorado School of Mines

courses coupled with self-guided learning. As capstone faculty, let usexplore a dynamic and immersive alternative experience through a design firm model. If requirementsincluded student participation on multiple projects with multiple team members and multiple clients, canwe craft an environment that mimics the workplace? We will present herein a different capstoneexperience that presents complexities in student progression while maintaining learning outcomes andABET requirements.As outlined in the most recent 2015 survey of ABET-accredited engineering programs, capstone designcourses are often centered on an open-ended or loosely defined problem as presented by an academicor, more often preferred, an industrial client [1]. Students are required