Conference Session

New ECE Courses

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lin Zhao, Gannon University; Yuzhe Zhang, Gannon University; Jiawei Zhang, Gannon University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

ACload and either high current load or low current load, etc. To complete the design and the lab,students will be given the options to combine the solar panel control box (as seen in Figure 5)and the wind energy control box (as seen in Figure 2) to emulate the control logic and strategiesbased on the power input and output of the renewable system. Students are encouraged toincorporate virtual instrument (LabView) into their lab design to either display the readings inreal-time or animate the stored readings. Figure 5. solar energy control box B. Fuel cell labIn the course, the fuel cell was first introduced as an alternative energy resource for electricvehicle. The lab was designed to reflect this idea and to

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-College Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary Lichtenstein, Quality Evaluation Designs; Martin L. Tombari, University of Texas, Austin; Sheri D. Sheppard, Stanford University; Kaye Storm, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

ininterviews that they can influence students to pursue science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM) degrees after high school. The research team created a survey to see if a broader sampleof teachers would agree that teachers can influence students to study STEM after high school.The survey listed 18 items that might influence students to study STEM in college.Unbeknownst to respondents, each item reflected one of three factors: 1) teacher instruction andadvising 2) student proclivity, and 3) student traits. The survey was completed by 215 teachers,who identified student proclivity as most influential in students’ decisions whether to pursueSTEM majors in college, followed by teacher instruction & advising. The authors thendistributed a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Jinlee Kim P.E., California State University Long Beach

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

-BIM teaching Page 24.459.10method.AcknowledgmentThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.DUE-1140941. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in thismaterial are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National ScienceFoundation.References1. Kelly,W. E. (2008). “General education for civil engineers: Sustainable development.” Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practices, 134(1), pp. 73-83.2. Kim, J.-L. (2012). “Use of BIM for effective visualization teaching approach in construction education,” Journal of

Conference Session

New Teaching Methods in Mechanics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul S. Steif, Carnegie Mellon University; Anna Dollar, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

should note that participation is a somewhat crude measure of student engagement    with online materials since it reflects only initiation of an activity. Performance for the purposeof this study was measured by the total score on exam problems. At School S, exams constitute75% of the final grade, while OLI quizzes are 10%; at School P, exams constitute 85% of thefinal grade, while OLI quizzes are 7.5%. Data on students’ participation and course performancehad been collected for the corresponding statics classes in Fall 2012 and for Fall 2013. Due  to  time  constraints  performance  data  from  only  Fall  2012  have  been  included  in  this  paper.  Data  from  students  who  took  all  exams

Conference Session

SD Technical Session: Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gurlovleen K. Rathore, Texas A&M University; Alexandra Coso Strong, Georgia Institute of Technology; Adam R. Carberry, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Student

98%. Responses from all57 responses were tabulated in the Results section. Percentages and total number of respondents Page 24.487.3are noted to reflect response rates.The majority of the respondents were university students (83%, n = 29), particularly advancedPhD students expecting to graduate in 2013 or 2014 (57%, n = 20). Respondents self-identifiedas follows: 1 self-identified as a PhD student and faculty/staff; 21 classified themselves as PhDstudents; 2 self-identified as PhD and masters students; and 3 as masters students. The remainingstudent sample consisted of 2 undergraduate students and 1 high school student. Fivefaculty/staff also

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-College Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Daney, Downingtown Area School District & Villanova University; Aaron P. Wemhoff, Villanova University; Gerard F. Jones, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

thiscoming spring for 200 ninth-grade students at the Downingtown STEM Academy. The projectwill focus on educating students about the function of the data center in their everyday lives andthe energy consumption issues that are central to the design of next-generation data centers.Throughout this learning process students will be asked to research and develop new andinnovative ways of addressing the issue. Student teams will present their responses to theessential question in progressively more detailed methods to garner feedback for reflection,revision, and further study. The culminating submission will be a video documentary developed,filmed, and edited by the team. These presentations will be included in a grade-wide live andonline showcase of

Conference Session

K-12 Outreach and Out-of-School Time Engineering Programming and Research

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin Jablonski, Bucknell University; Margot A. Vigeant, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Engineering Camp is institutionally supported and instructedprimarily by faculty from the College of Engineering at Bucknell.This program provides the opportunity to deliver more than an expanded and enhanced versionof the typical one-day outreach program; it affords more time for student-instructor interactionand gives students time to reflect on their on-campus experiences and what they have learned.Currently, few high school programs are properly equipped to conduct educational laboratoriesthat introduce students to topics in engineering and technology. Because Engineering Camp is adynamic program with annual topical changes, students can (and are expected to) repeat theexperience. Also, because the topical sessions are targeted to the audience

Conference Session

Integrating Engineering & Liberal Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pete Hylton, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Wendy Otoupal-Hylton, IUPUI

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

rated thediscussion as shown in Table 2. Both sets of feedback reflect positively on the session.One of the results of this panel discussion was to point out that while the cultural perception ofthe different fields are often quite diverse in practice there are similarities to build upon. Theparticipants discussed related concepts such as determining the need for new projects to benefithumanity versus developing the design of such projects. While clearly related, the differencesbetween the knowledge, skill sets, and problem solving approaches of the two sides pointed outthat serious communication issues can develop. It is possible that while working toward thesame goal, the different paradigms of the two sides could lead them to

Conference Session

ME Laboratories and Undergraduate Research

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. Schertzer, Rochester Institute of Technology; Patricia Iglesias Victoria, National Technical Institute for the Deaf; Kate N. Leipold, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); John D. Wellin, Rochester Institute of Technology (KGCOE)

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

the measurements necessary to validate a hypothesis, and Page 24.520.2examine the uncertainty and repeatability of the experimental data. The name of the course waschanged from Thermal Fluids Lab I, to Engineering Measurements Laboratory to reflect thisadditional focus. The enhancements to Engineering Measurements Lab provide more extensivepreparation for higher-level courses where students are responsible for modeling a physicalsystem, designing an experimental test facility, and comparing empirical and theoretical results.Technical communication skills are often cited as one of the most desirable hiring criteria forgraduates of engineering

Conference Session

Use of Technology for Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Priya Manohar, Robert Morris University; Sushil Acharya, Robert Morris University; Peter Y Wu, Robert Morris University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

current RMU- designated benchmark for class performance is 80%).Reflection:  It can be seen from Figure 7 that the class performance in this course is above the RMU- designated benchmark (at least 80% students in the class score >= 80%) in applicable ABET outcomes 1, 3, 5, and 7.  ABET Outcome 8 was not assessed at this time.4.4 ABET Track-Specific OutcomesThe following track-specific outcomes are identified for this course:  M2: RMU Graduates have proficiency in process assembly, and product engineering and understand the design of products and the equipment, tooling and environment necessary for their manufacture.  M4: RMU Graduates have an ability to design manufacturing systems

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregg Morris Warnick, Brigham Young University; Matt Parkinson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Yoke-San Wong, National University of Singapore; Brian D. Jensen, Brigham Young University; Spencer P. Magleby, Brigham Young University; Gregory M. Roach, Brigham Young University, Idaho

Tagged Divisions

International

closely collaborate with industry. Industry has participatedin this collaboration in two key ways: hosting tours during the summer program and sponsoringprojects. The site visits to companies in Singapore are a highlight of the program. Students areable to observe best practices in design, testing, and manufacturing that provides context for theirdesign efforts and exposes them to additional company/industry design perspectives.Industry partners also gain exposure to students and faculty through the sponsored projects andtours that enable them to reflect on and articulate their own practice. Although the quality ofproject outcomes has varied (as it always does with student projects) the industrial sponsors arepleased with the results. In addition

Conference Session

Student Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelly Patsavas; Barrett S. Caldwell, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Student

) conference. (He was also a participant in the 2003 US FOE, and the 2006 German-American FOE, conferences.) He currently serves on the Executive Council of the HFES as its Secretary-Treasurer Page 24.584.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Exploring the Development of Undergraduate Research ExperienceAbstractThis paper describes a multi-year experiential reflection process examining the development ofresearch awareness and integration for an undergraduate industrial engineering student. As asophomore, I approached the faculty

Conference Session

Construction Safety and Risk Management

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yilmaz Hatipkarasulu, University of Texas at San Antonio; Harrison Pierce, Linbeck Group, LLC; Suat Gunhan, University of Texas at San Antonio; Rui Liu, The University of Texas at San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Construction

searched for “fatality only”incidents for Standard Industry Codes 8 (SIC) 15, 16, and 17 that reflect building contractors,heavy/civil contactors, and special trade contractors respectively in June 2011. The search isfiltered for incidents in a 10-year span from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2007 resulting in6379 fatality reports that contain SIC codes in the construction industry. While the reports goback to as early as 1990, between the years 1997 and 1998 the reporting method of fatalities wasmodified and more data became available after 1998.As illustrated in Figure 1, the database search results showed that Falls had the highestpercentage of fatal causes with 41%, followed by Struck by with 27%, caught-in/between with10% and electrocution

Conference Session

Computing in the First Year

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sally J. Steadman, University of South Alabama; Gail D. Jefferson, University of South Alabama; Tom G. Thomas, University of South Alabama; Kuang-Ting Hsiao, University of South Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

tester was instrumented as in the spinningwheel. A strip of reflecting tape was placed every 90 degrees with two pieces of tape marking afull revolution. Steel, aluminum and polypropolene were repeatedly tested to illustrate differentfailure modes as well as different shear moduli. During this test, students manually recorded Page 24.610.6torque with respect to time, while their robot collected time and revolution information. Theparticipants analyzed the data and calculated various material and mechanical properties.Figure 1: Representative Robot with attached non-contact displacement sensor (sound) androtation sensor (light). The associated

Conference Session

Changing the Classroom Environment in Mathematics Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenna Tague, Ohio State University; Gregory Richard Baker, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

around the question: Do students’ perceptions of theflipped classroom reflect coherence in the course?Theoretical BackgroundFlipped Classroom: Though implementation of the flipped classroom varies from instructorto instructor, the model moves lecture content to be work done at home as preparation forclass while class time is used for problem solving. Typically, instructors accomplish the“flip” by using instructional technology to deliver lectures or learning modules out-of-classthrough lecture capture videos, online quizzes, educational videos (i.e. TED talks), and otheronline resources. Instructional difficulties may arise from this model: a failure to addressstudent misconceptions, poorly designed activities that require only recall

Conference Session

Integrating Engineering & Liberal Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dara R. Fisher, Harvard University; Aikaterini Bagiati, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Sanjay E. Sarma, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

for unobtrusive research12 informed by conventionalcontent analysis13. Using this method, we examined each organization’s group name anddescription in the ASA database to identify keywords associated with working definitions ofinvolvement categories. As additional database entries were reviewed, these working definitionswere continuously revised and adapted to reflect the organizations contained within eachcategory; in some cases, new categories were developed or organizations were re-categorized toreflect emerging trends in the data. In some cases, organizations could not be categorized basedon the ASA database information alone; for these groups, the “About” section of theirorganization website was used for classification. In total, 432 of

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Fries, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville; Ryan W. Krauss, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

. f3f/8-f3f/12,2002. Page 24.150.714. ABET. 2013. Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs: Effective for Reviews During the 2014-2015Accreditation Cycle. Available at. Accessed 1/2/2014.15. Adams, R., Evangelou, D., English, L., Dias De Figueiredo, A., Mousoulides, N., Pawley, A. L., Schifellite, C.,Stevens, R., Svinicki, M., Trenor, J. M., and Wilson, D. 2011. Journal of Engineering Education. January. 100 (1).48-88.16. Meyers, K. L., Silliman, S. E., Gedded, N. L., and Ohland, M.W. (2010). A Comparison of EngineeringStudents’ Reflections on their First-Year Experiences. Journal of Engineering Education. April. 169-178.17

Conference Session

Continuing Professional Development Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pradeep Kashinath Waychal, College of Engineering Pune, Innovation Centre

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

Centeredness.While enthusiasm is covered in devotion, breadth of coverage reflects in knowledge. We didnot explicitly include grading and examinations but believe that they (grading andexamination) may have impacted rating of Student Centeredness. We did not use studentself-rated learning, assignments, course difficulty and workload as that could vary based onthe courses taught by the same faculty.ProcessWe formed an award committee consisting of the head of the college, his deputy, and thehead of the Innovation Centre. The committee deliberated all the aspects of the award processand ran it by all the deans and department heads. Their feedback was taken into account tobaseline the system.The baseline system was announced to all 2879 eligible students over

Conference Session

Use of Technology for Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Derrick Robinson, Virginia State University; Pallant Ramsundar, Virginia State University; Chandan B Samantaray, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

. Unfortunately this technique is subjective, not only due to grayscale threshold Page 24.185.3setting, but also to variations in the image due to light intensity, surface reflectivity, samplepreparation and impregnation technique. In this report, the accuracy of the grayscale thresholdingapproach will be investigated using MATLAB. 7%YSZ Bond Coat NiCoCrAlY Stainless steel Figure 1. Schematic for thermal barrier coating 7%YSZ2. Image ProcessingModifying digital images has been made possible in modern technology through

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-College Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Krystal S. Corbett, Cyber Innovation Center; Joshua M. Coriell, Cyber Innovation Center; Sara Hahler, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

mutually exclusive.Figure 3 outlines the areas that the students disliked with the greatest area being “nothing.” Thisreflects positively on the curricula. The second highest area the students disliked was timerestraints. This may not necessarily be a reflection of the curricula, but rather, restriction of theschool and how they are implementing the modules.Conclusions and Future PlansAs the first-year pilot concludes, further analysis can be conducted on the feedback to drawformal conclusion on the success and failures of the course. As of now, only inferences and nofull conclusions can be made based on the preliminary data. To date, one can infer that thecourse has been successful at this point and has attained the goals set forth by the

Conference Session

Innovative Pedagogy and Assessment in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norb Delatte P.E., Cleveland State University; Joshua Gisemba Bagaka's, Cleveland State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

engineers are painfully aware of the consequences for public health,safety, and welfare when the infrastructure does not get the attention it requires.”6 Civilengineers should be (p. 9) “managers of risk and uncertainty caused by natural events, accidents,and other threats.” 6There is considerable emphasis on the attributes for the Civil Engineer of 2025. By way ofexplanation (p. 10) “Attributes may be defined as desirable knowledge, skills, and attitudes…Attitudes reflect an individual’s values and determine how he or she perceives, interprets, andapproaches the world. Attitudes conducive to effective professional practice includecommitment, curiosity, honesty, integrity, objectivity, optimism, sensitivity, thoroughness, andtolerance.” 6 Ethical

Conference Session

Best Practices in K-12 and University Partnerships

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mindy Hart, EPICS; Laura Bottomley, North Carolina State University; J. Jill Rogers, University of Arizona; Merredith D. Portsmore, Tufts University; Jeffrey B. Goldberg, College of Engineering, University of Arizona

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

39% Student work Samples of student work include student workbooks, wherein students document the steps of the engineering design process and reflect on what they have learned. Example pictures of student designs are below.     NEWSPAPER  CHAIRS

Conference Session

Preparing Minority Students for Undergraduate and Graduate Research

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lorraine N. Fleming, Howard University; Silas E. Burris, Howard University; Kalynda Chivon Smith, Howard University; Leonard Bernard Bliss; Inez N. Moore, Howard University; Fabiana Bornmann

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

students, they significantlyimpact Hispanic student representation in postgraduate education. There are many reasons why the United States’ largest racial minority group (i.e.,Hispanics) is significantly underrepresented in postgraduate education; however limited racialand cultural support may influence this incongruence15. This potential contributor is reflected byminority student experiences at Predominately White Institutions (PWIs) where minoritystudents are often confronted with limited cultural diversity and racial minority presence2. Thelack of representation at the faculty level, for Hispanics in particular, may be due to the numberof students aspiring to earn graduate degrees. Recent reports claim only 5.7% of doctoralrecipients

Conference Session

Construction Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ifte Choudhury, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

havebeen lumped together as the dependent variable. This probably has resulted in a predictiveefficacy of the model which is not very high. This factor should be taken into account forfuture studies.Cooling degree days were also assumed to have a direct relationship with energyconsumption in this study. But surprisingly, the results of the study did not indicate anysuch correlation. One of the reasons maybe the lack of discrimination between weather-related and base energy consumption. The presence of LOCATION as an independentvariable may also have affected the outcome; cooling degree days for the different climaticzones may not have quantitatively reflected the zone locations. This factor is also requiredto be investigated in future research

Conference Session

Impacts on K-12 Student Identity, Career Choice, and Perceptions of Engineers

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerrie A Douglas, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Brittany Paige Mihalec-Adkins; Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

material are thoseof the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.Bibliography1 American Association of Engineering Societies (AAES). 2005. Diversity. Available online at: http://www.aaes.org/diversity/index.asp.2 American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). 2005. ASEE Statement: Diversity. Available online at: http://www.asee.org/about/statementDiversity.cfm.3 Beede, D., Julian, T., Langdon, D., McKittrick, G., Khan, B., & Doms, M. 2011. Women in stem: A gender gap to innovation. U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration. Available online at: http://www.esa.doc.gov/Reports/women-stem-gender-gap-innovation4 National Science Foundation, National

Conference Session

Thermodynamics, Fluids, and Heat Transfer I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natasha Smith P.E., University of Southern Indiana; Brandon S. Field, University of Southern Indiana

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

felt that the instructor’soffer to provide additional stickers to students who performed well on one of the quizzes was usingthe stickers unfairly as a reward. Six students specifically mentioned appreciation for the guidedproblem sets, and two others felt there should be more of them. Finally, two students positivelyindicated that the poster was helpful. Overall, the comments reflected an appreciation for the intentof the tools to improve problem solving. Page 24.238.8ConclusionsIn summary, the struggles of students with understanding thermodynamic principles are well docu-mented. This has a marked effect on their development as problem

Conference Session

CPD Technical Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Soma Chakrabarti, University of Kansas; Kevin Curry, University of Kansas; Zachary Gredlics, University of Kansas

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

team teaching requires good communication and coordinationbetween the two instructors. More recently, the program schedule and content have been alteredto reflect the timeline of a typical construction project. The classes now follow the projectlifecycle: from selling, to contracting, to financing, to executing.During this eight-year partnership, there have also been changes in technology and related Page 24.245.6delivery. From the beginning the classes have been recorded so that attendees who are notavailable for the live session can still participate. In addition, since the program’s inception,attendees from remote offices have participated in

Conference Session

Summer and Cohort Programs for Minorities: Student Success

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darryl Dickerson, Purdue University; Freddy Solis, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Virginia Booth Womack, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Tasha Zephirin, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carol S. Stwalley, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

suggests that influences beyond pre-college academic preparation and innate ability play a role in URM student success. Theseinfluences may include: academic isolation, social isolation, cultural isolation, negativestereotypes associated with ethnic identity, motivational vulnerability, financial insecurity, anddiscrimination [1, 2, 3, 4]. The academic, social and cultural isolation experienced by URMstudents reflects ineffective transition. While the transition from high school to college posesrisks for all students, there is significant evidence indicating that URM students who areotherwise academically prepared are particularly at risk at this leverage point [5, 6, 7].Historically, summer bridge programs were used to boost the scholastic skills

Conference Session

FPD 11: Culminating Considerations

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John A. Mirth, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; John P Iselin, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

topicsrelated to blower design. The housing features of the commercial design shown in Fig. 3 arehighlighted and explained. These features include the 1) volute, 2) diffuser and 3) throat. Thesefeatures are examined after initial design development to allow students to reflect on whether ornot they have thought about the effect of the fluid flow features in their initial design concept.Teams seldom incorporate all three of these features in their initial design, and many of them donot include any of the features.Since the blower is a dynamic machine it requires a conversion from kinetic energy to internalenergy in the form of increased pressure. The diverging volute allows this deceleration andcommensurate pressure rise to occur. The diffuser is a

Conference Session

Beyond Students: Issues of Underrepresentation among Parents and Professionals

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Hofacker PE, US Army

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

. government engineering workforce reflects this samedemographic15.The population of engineers in the U.S. workforce in 2008 was 1,582,00015. Whites, along withAsians, are overrepresented in engineering when compared to their proportion of the generalU.S. population14,15. Blacks and non-white Hispanics are underrepresented14,15,16,17, and theirprogress towards appropriate—equal to their percentage of the general population—representation in the engineering field has been largely unchanged over the last 30 years15. Forexample, the percentage that black engineers make up in the workforce has remained steady atapproximately 5% since the 1970s8,15 and the total number of black engineers in the U.S. wasonly 49,000 in 200815. Government black engineers make