Conference Session

Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas F. Schubert Jr. P.E., University of San Diego; Frank G. Jacobitz, University of San Diego; Michael S. Morse, University of San Diego; Truc T. Ngo, University of San Diego

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Page 25.1307.5In order to assess the impact of a prototype exemplar on design creativity, a two-prongedapproach was used: A. A survey, focusing on the design process, work distribution within a team, and student perceptions concerning the influence of the prototype exemplar (if applicable) and/or the influence of other student designs on a team’s final design. B. Photographs of the student racers were taken at the end of each of the three design phases and an analysis of the design progression through those photographs was performed by the investigators.A. Survey dataAt the end of the laboratory meeting, students were asked to complete a short survey. Twodifferent survey instruments were

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning through Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeremy John Worm P.E., Michigan Technological University; John E. Beard, Michigan Technological University; Wayne Weaver, Michigan Technological University; Carl L. Anderson, Michigan Technological University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Education," Technology Review, MIT, October 1987.[2] Weaver, W. W., Anderson, C. L., Naber, J. D., Keith, J. M., Worm, J. J., Beard, J. E., Chen, B. "An Interdisciplinary Program for Education and Outreach in Hybrid and Electric Drive Vehicle Engineering at Michigan Technological University", 2011 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference,[3] Naber, J. D., Worm, J. J., Allen, J., Anderson, C. L., Beard, J. E., Burl, J. B., Keith, J. M., Hackney, S. A., Weaver, W. W., Woychowski, T., Smith, R. (2010). "Curriculum and Delivery in Engineering for Hybrid Electric Drive Vehicles, Meeting the Needs of the Automotive Industry for New Engineering Talent and Retraining", Ed. Naber, J. D., Worm, J. J., Society of Automotive

Conference Session

Laboratory Exercises for Energy, Power, and Industrial Applications

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nebojsa I. Jaksic, Colorado State University, Pueblo

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

stepper motor shown in Figure 5. is operated by the laboratory setup similar to the onepresented in Figure 2. Conveniently, the same setup can be used to operate this bipolar steppermotor as well as the linear stepper motor. Then, another bipolar stepper motor is disassembled toexpose the rotor with the permanent magnet and a bearing (Figure 6a) and the stator with eightwindings corresponding to two phases of the stepper motor (Figure 6b). Figure 5. Bipolar Stepper Motor Used to Verify the Correct Operation of the Microstepping Drive and Software a b Figure 6. Bipolar Stepper Motor: Rotor (a) and Stator (b)Then the bipolar

Conference Session

Innovative Uses of Technology and Techniques for Laboratory Exercises

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Y. Chiou, Drexel University; M. Eric Carr, Drexel University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

-536, July 2002.8. Taylor, K. and Dalton, B., “Internet Robotics: A New Robotics Niche,” IEEE Robotics and Automation,Vol.7, No.1, pp.27-34, March 2000.9. "Bailey, S. A., Cham J., G., Cutkosky, M. R., Full, R. J., "Biomimetic Robotic Mechanisms via ShapeDeposition Manufacturing," Robotics Research: the Ninth International Symposium, John Hollerbach andDan Koditschek (Eds), Springer-Verlag, London, 2000. Page 25.396.12

Conference Session

Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sriram Sundararajan, Iowa State University; LeAnn E. Faidley, Iowa State University; Terrence R. Meyer, Iowa State University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

laboratory equipment available for them to use. These includedresistance thermometers, signal generators, voltmeters, oscilloscopes, connectors etc. Theobjective of the laboratory was for the students to test the claim that the two physical systemswere equivalent systems and to justify their answer using experimental data. Page 25.432.4Fig. 1 (a): Components for electrical system. (b) Thermal system (box with a power resistor that serves as a heat source)The expectation was that students would synthesize previously covered lecture content to discernwhat they would have to do to test the claim. In this case they

Conference Session

Remote and Network-based Laboratories

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rick Williams, East Carolina University; Loren Limberis, East Carolina University; Rebel Umphlett, BioNetwork Capstone Center; David Hobson Yarley, BioNetwork Capstone Center

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

) 0 0 0 0 0Total (18) 2 5 2 9 3 Page 25.1075.8Table 2: Industrial Chromatography Pre-test ScoresQuestion Student Scores (points) Student A Student B Student C Student D Student E 1 (2) 2 2 1 0 0 2 (5) 1 2 1 1 0 3 (1) 0 0 1 0 0 4 (2) 0 0 0 0 0 5 (5

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning through Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sushil K. Chaturvedi, Old Dominion University; Jaewan Yoon, Old Dominion University; Rick McKenzie, Old Dominion University; Petros J. Katsioloudis, Old Dominion University; Hector M. Garcia, Old Dominion University; Shuo Ren, Old Dominion University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

laboratory instruction a virtual experimentat the very last must include: (a) hands-on activities (interactivity), and (b) a realistic simulationof the experiment in a laboratory like environment (immersion). It should be noted that bench-type physical experiments have drawbacks of high capital cost, limited (one time) exposure toexperiments and limited students’ interaction with experiments due to large student group sizes.As a result student learning does not always reach expected levels [11-12]. Bourne has stated that Page 25.724.3student learning achieved through online virtual experiments may be comparable to learningachieved through bench

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning through Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Per Henrik Borgstrom, University of California, Los Angeles; William J. Kaiser, University of California, Los Angeles; Gregory Chung, University of California, Los Angeles; Zachary Nelson, National Instruments; Manda Paul, University of California, Los Angeles; Stoytcho Marinov Stoytchev; Jackson Tek Kon Ding, Marvell Technology Group, Ltd.

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Page 25.1143.4 directly on the encoder’s output shaft. In (b), the encoder shaft is equipped with a gear that meshes with another gear mounted on the car’s front axle.The electronic systems of the SEAL platform are also provided in an unassembled state. Thesecond student assignment is to implement the SEAL electronic systems on a prototype boardusing components provided in the kit. These systems include an optical encoder interface, amotor driver, and an electrical kill-switch, which stops the car if incorrect voltage levels areapplied. Students are provided with assembly instructions, in which each of these sub-systems ispresented as a modular element. Each module begins with an introduction that describes thetheory and

Conference Session

Remote and Network-based Laboratories

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander A. Kist, University of Southern Queensland; Andrew Douglas Maxwell, University of Southern Queensland; Peter D. Gibbings

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, Network- based infrastructure for distributed remote operations and robotics research. Robotics and Automation, IEEE Transactions on, 1993. 9(5): p. 702-704.2. Aktan, B., C.A. Bohus, L.A. Crowl, and M.H. Shor, Distance learning applied to control engineering laboratories. Education, IEEE Transactions on, 1996. 39(3): p. 320-326.3. Ma, J. and J. Nickerson, V., Hands-On, Simualted and Remote Laboratories: A Comparative Literature Review. ACM Computing Surveys, 2006. 38(3): p. 1-24.4. Lowe, D., S. Murray, L. Weber, M. De la Villefromoy, A. Johnston, E. Lindsay, . . . A. Nafalsk. LabShare: Towards a National Approach to Laboratory Sharing. in 20th Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering

Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences with Thermal and Chemical Systems and Sensors

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kevin A. Gibbons Ret., U.S. Air Force Academy, NexOne, Inc., and CAStLE; Philip Knodel, U.S. Air Force Academy; Joel William Noble, U.S. Air Force Academy; Nathan W. Seibt, U.S. Air Force Academy

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

understanding and appreciation of fuel cells.Research Approach/StrategyAn Experimental Mechanics fuel cell project was proposed with the intention that the results beevolved into a useable undergraduate laboratory experiment for the Renewable Energy course.The course objectives for both courses had to be analyzed to determine whether this was afeasible approach. Efficiency measurement of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cellwas chosen for three main reasons: hydrogen fuel cell equipment is commercially produced, theprice of a fuel cell was reasonable at approximately $150.00 for readily-available hydrogen PEMfuel cells, and PEM fuel cell safety is relatively easily managed in the laboratory setting. SeeAppendix B for a listing of equipment

Conference Session

Remote and Network-based Laboratories

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samuel Bogan Daniels, University of New Haven; Cheryl Q Li, University of New Haven; W. David Harding P.E., University of New Haven

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2012-4629: NETWORK-BASED DATA COLLECTION FOR A PROJECT-BASED FRESHMAN CLASSDr. Samuel Bogan Daniels, University of New Haven Dr. Daniels is an associate professor of mechanical engineering with more than 20 years of experience teaching laboratory classes. He also teaches in the multidisciplinary engineering foundation spiral cur- riculum at the University of New Haven. Research interests are in engineering education and renewable energy systems.Dr. Cheryl Q Li, University of New Haven Dr. Cheryl Qing Li joined University of New Haven in the fall of 2011, where she is a senior lecturer of the Industrial, System & Multidisciplinary Engineering Department. Dr. Li earned her first Ph.D. in Mechan- ical

Conference Session

Laboratory Exercises for Energy, Power, and Industrial Applications

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David S. Ochs, Kansas State University; Ruth Douglas Miller, Kansas State University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2012-3087: DEVELOPMENT OF A POWER ELECTRONICS LAB COURSEWITH RENEWABLE ENERGY APPLICATIONSMr. David S. Ochs, Kansas State University David S. Ochs received his bachelor’s of science in electrical engineering from Kansas State University in 2010. He is currently pursuing a master’s of science at Kansas State University. His research interests include power electronics and maximum power capture in wind energy systems.Dr. Ruth Douglas Miller, Kansas State University Ruth Douglas Miller earned a B.S.E.E. from Lafayette College and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, both in electrical engineering, from the University of Rochester. She has taught at Kanssa State University for 21 years and is presently Associate Professor. She

Conference Session

Remote and Network-based Laboratories

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael E. Auer, Carinthia Tech Institute, Austria; Danilo Garbi Zutin P.E., Carinthia University of Applied Sciences

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2012-3678: A GRID OF ONLINE LABORATORIES BASED ON THEILAB SHARED ARCHITECTUREProf. Michael E. Auer, Carinthia Tech Institute, Austria Since 1995, Michael Auer is professor of electrical engineering at the Systems Engineering Department of the Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Villach, Austria and has also held teaching positions at the universities of Klagenfurt (Austria), Amman (Jordan), Brasov (Romania), and Patras (Greece). He was invited for guest lectures at MIT Boston and Columbia University and technical universities of Moscow, Athens, and others. He is a Senior Member of IEEE and member of VDE, IGIP, etc., author or co-author of more than 180 publications, and a leading member of numerous national

Conference Session

Innovative Uses of Technology and Techniques for Laboratory Exercises

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kirstie A. Plantenberg, University of Detroit Mercy

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2012-3081: LOW-COST HANDS-ON DOE EXPERIMENTSDr. Kirstie A. Plantenberg, University of Detroit Mercy Page 25.905.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Low cost hands-on DOE experimentsAbstract At the University of Detroit Mercy, “Design of Experiments (DOE)” is a graduate level classthat teaches students multiple methods of experimental design. Each DOE method allows thestudent to systematically, efficiently and accurately gather data and make objective conclusionsbased on their analysis. This is a very important skill for engineers to have, however, the class isheavily mathematical and

Conference Session

Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Marshall, University of Southern Maine; William Marshall, Alief Independent School District

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2012-3527: A LABORATORY-BASED, PROBLEM-SOLVING PEDA-GOGY PREPARES STUDENTS TO HIT THE JOB MARKET RUNNING!Dr. John Marshall, University of Southern Maine John Marshall received his Ph.D. from Texas A&M University and is the Departmental Internship Co- ordinator at the University of Southern Maine. His areas of specialization include power and energy processing, applied process control engineering, automation, fluid power, and facility planning.Mr. William Marshall, Alief Independent School District William Marshall is the Director of Instructional Technology and Career and Technical Education for the Alief Independent School District in Texas. He provides supervision of Program Managers in the areas of career

Conference Session

Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tomas Estrada, Elizabethtown College; Sara A. Atwood, Elizabethtown College

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2012-4382: FACTORS THAT AFFECT STUDENT FRUSTRATION LEVELIN INTRODUCTORY LABORATORY EXPERIENCESDr. Tomas Estrada, Elizabethtown CollegeDr. Sara A. Atwood, Elizabethtown College Page 25.629.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Factors that affect student frustration level in introductory laboratory experiencesAbstractLaboratory-based courses have long been an integral part of undergraduate curricula in bothengineering and basic sciences, and much research has been devoted to gauging and improvingtheir effectiveness1,2. However, particularly in introductory courses with students

Conference Session

Innovative Uses of Technology and Techniques for Laboratory Exercises

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David R. Veazie, Southern Polytechnic State University; Daniel Edward Ephraim

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

etching process takes approximately five hours—theresults are five nickel iron dog-bone test specimens. The five dog-bone test specimens are thenrinsed and dried using deionized water and compressed nitrogen. Figure 3 shows a dog-bonespecimen with dimensions that is ready for mechanical testing. Negative Power Supply A B D C Cathode Figure 2. A Si wafer containing five electrodeposited Ni80-Fe20 test specimens. Gage Area Figure 3. (Left) Actual Ni80-Fe20 test specimen; and (Right) schematic drawing of a dog-bone shape Ni80-Fe20 test specimen depicting

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning through Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jean Jiang, Purdue University, North Central; Li Tan, Purdue University, North Central

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Oscilloscope DSP Board RCI not used Right Line In Right Line Out (RCI) (RCO) Figure 9a Laboratory setup for noise cancellation using a LMS adaptive filter. float b[2]={0.0, 0.587785}; /*Numerical coefficients for the 800 Hz digital oscillator*/ float a[3]={1, -1.618034, 1};/*Denominator coefficients for the digital oscillator*/ float x[2]={5000, 0.0}; /*Set up the input as an impulse function*/ float yy[3]={0.0,0.0,0.}; float xn[20

Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences with Thermal and Chemical Systems and Sensors

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Joseph Plotkowski, Grand Valley State University; Lihong (Heidi) Jiao, Grand Valley State University; Nael Barakat, Grand Valley State University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

schematicof a basic diaphragm based pressure sensordeflecting under an applied pressure [4]. This basictype of pressure sensor can be produced using avariety of different geometries for the diaphragm.The two most common are square and circulardiaphragms. It is important to know the locations of Figure 1 Example of a pressure sensor withthe maximum stress and the point of failure. piezoresistors oriented in both the transverse Page 25.386.3Equations 1 and 2 can be used to determine the and longitudinal directions from (a) top and (b) section views [4

Conference Session

Innovative Uses of Technology and Techniques for Laboratory Exercises

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eniko T. Enikov, Universiy of Arizona; Giampiero Campa, MathWorks

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

EDuring th he 2008-20111 academicc years, the project wass offered sevveral times tto three diffferentcohorts anda by diffeerent instrucctors. The im mpact of thhe project w was assessedd through stuudentsurveys conducted c att the end off the course following thhe protocol aapproved byy the InstituttionalReview Board. B Addiitional data were drawn n from studeent reports. The data reeported heree (seeTable 1) are from a section not taught by an ny of the auuthors; insteaad the instruuctional materialsand hard dware were provided p to a different instructor aand his teachhing assistannt. Howeverr, theresults frrom surveyinng the authorrs' sections agree

Conference Session

Innovative Uses of Technology and Techniques for Laboratory Exercises

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ghassan T. Ibrahim, Bloomsburg University; Aaron J. Homiak, Geisinger Health System; Alexander Hallden-Abberton, Bloomsburg University; John R. Pulaski

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, portable, and low cost  Must have compartments to accommodate all the electronic components, and the delivered tagged items  Must have a controlled lock mechanism which can only be opened by an authorized person at a pre-specified location.  Made of strong material to ensure safe delivery  Transparent so that all the internal components are visible for the final demonstration Page 25.1162.10 (a) (b) (c) Figure 9. Box layout and constructionThe item

Conference Session

Laboratory Exercises for Energy, Power, and Industrial Applications

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zeit T. Cai, Princeton University; Jeremy John Worm P.E., Michigan Technological University; Drew Dosson Brennan, Michigan Technological University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

’ Page 25.613.9 specifications. b. Alter test variable (Refer to section labeled “Experimental Setup,” for details and methods on how to alter test variables). c. Perform warm up procedure by driving vehicle for 30 minutes at an average speed of 80 km/hr. 2. Record initial environmental data a. Record the following variables: Ambient Temperature, Atmospheric Pressure, Wind Velocity (parallel and crosswind direction), and the max observed wind speed. b. If any of the above variables are out of bounds of SAE constraints, then the test should not be pursued. 3. Execute coastdown test a. With the data

Conference Session

Laboratory Exercises for Energy, Power, and Industrial Applications

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hyun W. Kim, Youngstown State University; Yogendra M. Panta, Youngstown State University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

activities. It may also be nearlyimpossible for the students to develop in-depth knowledge on experimental design throughcompletely open-end, so-called “sink or swim”, laboratory design projects.Implementation of theme-specific laboratory design projectThe mechanical engineering program at Youngstown State University has been continuouslyupgrading its educational objectives and assessment plan since 1998 when a comprehensiveassessment plan was implemented. It sets a high priority for meeting Outcome (b) - Ability todesign and conduct experiments, of ABET 2000. For proper assessment of Outcome (b), the Page 25.646.2program developed assessment rubrics

Conference Session

Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sujatha J., Mission10X, Wipro Technologies; Rajshri Jobanputra

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

. Making each member responsible and dependent on all others b. Choosing an optimum group size (typically about 6-7 members per group) c. Ensuring group size that actively and easily involves all b) Group Task a. Creating group tasks that require interdependence b. Ensuring fair division of labor within the group c. Setting up competitions among groups or using an alternative strategy if groups are not working well d. Devising strategies such that group succeeds only if each member contributes c) Group Performance Evaluation a. Awarding prizes/ incentives helps keeping the group spirit high b. Adhering to democratic mechanisms to deal with uncooperative

Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences with Thermal and Chemical Systems and Sensors

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Corbet Johnson, Grand Valley State University; Nael Barakat, Grand Valley State University; Lihong (Heidi) Jiao, Grand Valley State University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

control combined with the developed procedures forthe pre-melting of the evaporant allowed for the most consistent results given the constraints ofthe equipment.References 1. G. Gerlach, W. Dotzel, Introduction to Microsystem Technology: A Guide for Students. Hobken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2008. 2. B. Streetman and S. Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices. New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2006. 3. S. Wolf and R.N. Tauber, Silicon Processing: for the VLSI Era, Lattice Press, 1986. 4. D. Mattox, Metal Finishing, Physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes, 97(1), p. 410- 423, 1999. 5. K.S. Sree Harsha, Principles of Vapor Deposition of Thin Films. Elsevier, 2006. 6. R.Glang, Vacuum Evaporation, Handbook of Thin Film

Conference Session

Remote and Network-based Laboratories

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Matthew Long, Deakin University; Ben P. Horan, Deakin University; Robynne Hall, Deakin University

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, over 13 weeks, the course was divided into three parts:  Digital systems – four weeks  DC network theorems and AC circuits – three weeks  Analog electronics and devices – six weeks.The student breakdown was typically 75% on-campus, 25% off-campus, with a total enrolmentof around 90 students. The laboratory experiments were divided into digital exercises and analogexercises.Experiments for 2008The 2008 lab program was divided onto two parts: digital (part A) and analog (part B). Table 1shows the activities associated with each part. The experiments were modified from our earlierprogram to include more AC measurements. The introduction of the HELP kit allowed us toeliminate the need for computer simulations in the analog experiments

Conference Session

Laboratory Exercises for Energy, Power, and Industrial Applications

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John V. Fishell, Science and Technology Education Partnership; Arman Hovakemian, Naval Surface Warfare Center; Douglass Sugg, Naval Surface Warfare Center; Elizabeth Gentry, National Conference of Standards Laboratories International

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Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

erroroccurs in critical programs, it can be tragic and extremely expensive. Examples of measurementerrors in the news are the Hubble Telescope which had incorrect dimensions used in its lensconstruction. This was not discovered until Hubble was released into space. Later, the lens wascorrected to make Hubble useful for its intended purpose. Figure 3 shows tragic results ofcalibration error. The impact of a false accept may not be felt until after the end-item is in service. B-2A, T/N 89-0127 Anderson AFB, Guam 23 February 2008

Conference Session

Laboratory Experiences with Thermal and Chemical Systems and Sensors

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hosni I. Abu-Mulaweh, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

maintain a position perpendicular to the sun’srays; 3) the experimental apparatus must be mobile. A prototype of a solar water heating systemwas constructed and tested. The solar collector rotated as the sun position/angle was changing,indicating the functionality of the control system that was design to achieve this task.Experimental measurements indicate that the water in the tank was heated by the solar energybeing absorbed by the solar collector. Moreover, the water temperature measurements atdifferent heights in the storage tank show the thermosiphon effect has been attained. Solar waterheating utilizing thermosiphon is attractive because it eliminates the need for a circulating pump.Introduction Acquiring new instructional laboratory