Conference Session

Design: Content and Context

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donald McEachron, Drexel University; Fred Allen, Drexel University; Elisabeth Papazoglou, Drexel University; Mustafa Sualp, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Page 13.1362.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Using the Design Paradigm as a Strategy for Curriculum EnhancementAbstractRevisions in the criteria for accreditation of engineering programs by the Accreditation Board forEngineering and Technology (ABET), especially with regard to Criterion 3: Program Outcomesand Assessment, have the potential to significantly enhance engineering education. Severalfactors may inhibit these revisions from reaching this potential. Among these are the tendency offaculty to view assessment as means to the end of obtaining ABET accreditation and the recenttendency to view students as customers within a continuous quality improvement (CQI)paradigm. While neither viewpoint is entirely incorrect

Conference Session

Energy Conversion, Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE) Technical Session 4

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Glenn T. Wrate P.E., Northern Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE), Energy Conversion

below.This course is also used as a part of our program’s ABET assessment. Portions of Objectives 1and 3 are also part of our ABET outcomes. It is a requirement at Northern Michigan University(NMU) that we evaluate each course in the program for continuous improvement.Table 2. Assessment Results for Each Student and Learning Objective Objective Objective Objective Objective Objective #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Student #1 1 1 1 1 1 Student #2 0 0 1 0 1 Student #3 1 0 1

Conference Session

Technical Session III

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Susan M Bitetti, Tufts Center for Engineering Education and Outreach; Ethan E Danahy, Tufts University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

2004.[4] ABET, “General Criteria: Student Outcomes,” retrieved June, 2018,http://www.abet.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/C3_C5_mapping_SEC_1-13-2018.pdf​.[5] M. Paretti & K. Cross, ​Assessing First-Year Programs: Outcomes, Methods, and Findings:Proceedings of the American Society of Engineering Education Annual Conference, 2011,Vancouver, Canada.[6] E.J. Coyle et al, “​EPICS: Engineering projects in community service,”​ International Journalof Engineering Education, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 139-150, 2002​.[7] S.F. Freeman et al, ​Making a First-Year Impression: Engineering Projects That Affect andConnect: ​ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2014, Indianapolis, Indiana.[8] W. Oakes et al, ​Service-Learning in Engineering: 32nd ASEE/ISEE

Conference Session

New Learning Paradigms II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

and dispositions may be more difficult for students to understand. Italso may be more difficult to accurately measure this particular construct. Accordingly, thesetwo reasons provide rationale for each of the respective results.Discussion and Future WorkThis paper presents research on the pilot results of the newly designed global preparednessindex. Results of this pilot are preliminary as the population sample size is rather small (N=147).The index provides us with insight as to the “soft skill” areas that me must provide training andeducation for engineering candidates if we want our engineering students to be fully prepared towork in global societies. Post pilot, a full, large-scale study should be conducted with the unitwith sample sizes

Collection

2019 CIEC

Authors

Afshin Zahraee; Lakshman Mapa

Session ETD 345 Leveraging Industry Partnership for Experiential Learning and Laboratory Improvement Afshin Zahraee, Lakshman Mapa Purdue University NorthwestAbstractThe College of Technology (COT) at Purdue University Northwest (PNW) has developed andimplemented several methods to collaborate with small, medium, and large size regionalcompanies over the past few years. The faculty of the Engineering Technology department havetaken advantage of these collaborations which has resulted in improved and innovativelaboratory facilities and students’ experiential

Conference Session

Bringing Engineering Leadership Pedagogy to Life!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Novick, University of Texas at El Paso; Melanie Realyvasquez, University of Texas at El Paso; Sebastian Palacios

.) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Rand McNally, Chicago, pp. 889-935.5. Thomas, K. W. (1992). Conflict and conflict management: Reflections and update. Journal of organizational behavior, 265-274.6. Behfar, K. J., Mannix, E. A., Peterson, R. S., & Trochim, W. M. (2011). Conflict in small groups: The meaning and consequences of process conflict. Small Group Research, 42(2), 127-176.7. Olson-Buchanan, J. B., Drasgow, F., Moberg, P. J., Mead, A. D., Keenan, P. A., Donovan, M. A. (1998). Interactive video assessment of conflict resolution skills. Personnel Psychology, 51(1), 1-24.8. Jehn, K. A., & Bendersky, C. (2003). Intragroup conflict in organizations: A contingency perspective on the

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Norman L. Fortenberry

will support fundamental and applied research through a defined program which willsupersede the REPP program. For example, NSF’s Division of Research, Evaluation, andCommunication has supported fundamental research on efficacy of small group learning by theNational Institute of Science Education. That research has demonstrated a significantimprovement in student learning15. The same division supported applied research on improvingthe efficacy of problem solving in engineering design classes16.Implementation research will result from analysis of projects supported through NSF’simplementation programs at the pre-college (e.g., Teacher Enhancement Program),undergraduate (e.g., Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory Improvement Program), and graduate

Conference Session

NEE 1 - Innovative Teaching & Learning Strategies

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karin Jensen, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Jennifer R. Amos, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Lawrence Angrave, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign; Karle Flanagan; David Mussulman, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Christopher D. Schmitz, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Wade Fagen-Ulmschneider, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

software foreducational use [2]. While the tool was initially developed for office hours in large enrollmentcourses, the Queue has been adopted in several additional use cases including advising, peerlearning, and active learning. In these early adoption cases we have identified benefits ofimplementing the Queue in educational settings, including saving time for students andinstructors, and expanding learning environments beyond classrooms and faculty offices.Further, the Queue can collect rich data that can help instructors identify common questions or“muddiest points” [3]. Instructors can use this data to assess course delivery, content, andperformance of course staff. Overall, these benefits and features of the Queue provide educatorswith an

Conference Session

Undergraduate Retention Activities

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Moshe Hartman; Harriet Hartman

engineering professionals.Huang & Peng11 reinforce these findings with their conclusions that, relative to men, women in Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright 2005, American Society for Engineering Educationscience and engineering programs “face difficulties of a largely psychocultural nature” ratherthan difficulties in terms of preparation, academic achievement, or family support.The Rowan engineering program provides an interesting setting in which to study this process.Established in 1996, the Engineering College incorporates four disciplines: chemical,civil/environmental, electrical/computer and mechanical engineering. Uniting all disciplines is

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 16: Faculty Development and Teaching Contexts

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cassandra Sue Ellen Woodcock, University of Michigan; Nicole Erin Friend, University of Michigan; Aileen Huang-Saad, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Engineering. Previously, Aileen was the Associate Director for Academics in the Center for Entrepreneurship and was responsible for building the Program in Entrepreneurship for UM undergraduates, co-developing the masters level entrepreneur- ship program, and launching the biomedical engineering graduate design program. Aileen has received a number of awards for her teaching, including the Thomas M. Sawyer, Jr. Teaching Award, the UM ASEE Outstanding Professor Award and the Teaching with Sakai Innovation Award. Prior to joining the University of Michigan faculty, she worked in the private sector gaining experience in biotech, defense, and medical device testing at large companies and start-ups. Aileen’s current research

Collection

2014 ERC

Authors

Alma Wickenden

Attract Best and Brightest  Transforming Human Capital Management Strategy  Inject new, quality talent and begin personnel “flow” between government, academia, small-business & industry  Allow in-house staff opportunity to work in academic, industry and small business settings  Provide government employees opportunities to explore IP ventures  Create joint appointments between government, academia and industry  Increase high-quality, high-impact jobs geared toward future technologies to attract future STEM workforceUNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Open CampusAttributes• Campus-like environment with

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Molly Johnson; Cathie Scott; Cynthia Atman

2 3 3 312. Small group discussions 2 2 2 313. Lectures 2 2 1 214. In-class activities (jigsaw, concept mapping, 2 2 2 3 misconception probe, feedback form, engineering design coding)15. Video—A Private Universe 1 2 2 2The small group discussions and the in-class activities received a 2 for three categories, and a 3for I enjoyed it. In contrast, the large group discussions received a 3 in three categories, and a 2in It challenged me. It appears that some students for which English is not

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Keith W. Buffinton, Bucknell University; Vincent P. Manno, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Joseph J. Helble, Dartmouth College; Susan M Lord, University of San Diego; Ann F. McKenna, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

tothe future of engineering education and making it appropriately relevant to students, industry,and the needs of society.How best to take advantage of evidence based research and the most effective approaches toengineering education is institution dependent, faculty dependent, and course dependent. Abetter understanding of best practices in engineering education across the spectrum ofengineering programs is thus necessary. This is particularly timely as large institutions look torestructure their curricula to respond to increasingly tight economic constraints and demands forgreater student accessibility. Small institutions are likewise currently reconsidering the long-term viability of high-cost residential learning and changing models of

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 14

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

D'andre Jermaine Wilson-Ihejirika P.Eng., BrainSTEM Alliance

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

, glue, and Borax to create ‘slime’, as well as thesaponification reaction of lye and fat to make soap. BrainSTEM Alliance Ltd. Email: info@brainstemalliance.com Website: www.brainstemalliance.com Our mission is to collaborate with community partners to create accessible programming that fosters awareness, increases engagement and inspires the use of STEM in our daily lives. Our vision is for every person to have the opportunity to be empowered by Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM).Method SummaryPart 1 – Material PropertiesThe activity begins by

Conference Session

Post BS Entrepreneurship Education Needs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Borchers, Kettering University; Sung Hee Park, Kettering University; Michael Harris, Kettering University; William Riffe, Kettering University; Massoud Tavakoli, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

recently for mid-western engineering schools, theKern Foundation, have funded entrepreneurial programs. Finally, society in general isincreasingly looking for small and medium sized firms for economic and employment growth.The days of large employers absorbing large number of graduates are largely over. Because ofthese factors, engineering school interest in entrepreneurship is evident in a growing numbers ofconferences, journals and funded projects. Against this backdrop, Kettering University began working to include entrepreneurship inits academic programs in 2006. Funded with a generous donation by the Kern foundation, webegan following a “magnet” approach 1 wherein the Department of Business offered academiccourses to students from all

Collection

14th Annual First-Year Engineering Experience (FYEE) Conference

Authors

Laura Albrant, Michigan Technological University; Pradnya Pendse; Laura E Brown, Michigan Technological University; Leo C. Ureel II, Michigan Technological University; Jon Sticklen, Michigan Technological University; Michelle E Jarvie-Eggart P.E., Michigan Technological University

, preventive, and prospective ergonomics. Corrective ergonomics focuses on "theproblem to correct" [4]. In terms of WebTA, the ‘problem’ is the presence of antipatterns instudents' programs. Preventive ergonomics focuses on the system's design, usually about designchoices that minimize the chance of human error by accounting for human ability, or lack thereof[4]. This flavor of ergonomics would try to pinpoint and resolve WebTA's flaws in its userinterface. Finally, prospective ergonomics is defined as "[an attempt] to anticipate human needsand activities to create new artifacts that will be useful and provide positive user experience” [4].It is a mindset to analyze a learning environment, training process, in our case, a learning system.The small

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Johnson, Texas A&M University; Amarnath Banerjee, Texas A&M University; Bimal P. Nepal, Texas A&M University; Rutwik Dehade, Texas A&M University; Glen Miller

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

improvements were assessed using essays in response to ethical prompts.Other studies revealed a significant lapse in ethical practices in students’ work at the high schoollevel. Researchers also point out that students who are able to make ethical decisions in schoolsare more likely to perform better academically than their peers. To that end, the objective of thispaper is two-fold. First, it presents a snapshot of survey results of freshmen, seniors, and thecapstone courses as stated in the above-mentioned objectives. Secondly, it discusses the summerenrichment program for high school teachers. A self-efficacy assessment of teachers (pre- andpost-enrichment experiences) is presented in detail. In addition, the teachers’ work during thesummer

Conference Session

Pre-College and ECE Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Stirewalt

context that could exploit it. To really learn thismaterial, students must first acquire the experience necessary to recognize thesemetaphors as statements of experience. Only then will they be able to retain and applythe knowledge.We recently redesigned our software-engineering course to better develop in students theability to retain and apply software-engineering knowledge. The new course draws froman established pedagogical theory called the elaboration theory of instruction, which usesepitomizing, rather than summarizing, to select and organize the content of a course.6Briefly, summarizing entails teaching a large number of ideas, usually at a superficial,abstract, memorization level. By contrast, epitomizing entails teaching a small number

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Hamilton P.E., Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

science, and that this “area of science”could not include Computer Science, Chemistry or Physics.Because of this, programs needed to change their curricula to address this criterion. Schools thathad an emphasis where additional Chemistry or Physics courses had previously beenincorporated to take advantage of native strengths in their university or to support the focus oftheir program now had to reassess the value of these course versus the need to cover an area ofscience outside these fields. Many other schools had not required a science course outside ofChemistry or Physics and now needed to add a course to address this issue. Still others who mayhave required such a course now needed to assess the effectiveness of yet another course

Conference Session

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies: Laboratory Pedagogy

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Renee M. Clark, University of Pittsburgh; Arash Mahboobin, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

analyzeunknown systems using MATLAB programming. The problem based instructional approach forthe fall 2015 term began with a series of assignments guiding the students in decomposing theproblem into components; this allowed the problem itself to become central to skill development.The flipped instructional environment challenged students to prepare for lab sessions byreviewing programming examples and completing online assessments to gain early feedbackbefore going to the lab sessions. The lab sessions were then reserved for collaborative, hands-onprogramming practice with peers and just-in-time instructor questioning and monitoring.Students were encouraged to submit periodic progress reports (i.e. design reviews) for instructorfeedback and guidance

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 13

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachel E. Durham, Notre Dame of Maryland University; Michael L. Falk, The Johns Hopkins University; Alexis Daniels, The Johns Hopkins University; Allison Reigel, The Johns Hopkins University; Alisha Nicole Sparks, The Johns Hopkins University; Margo K. Williams, The Johns Hopkins University; Emily J Yanisko, American University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Social Cognitive Career ConstructsRachel E. Durham, 1 Michael L. Falk 2, Alexis Daniels2, Allison Riegel2, Alisha Sparks2, MargoWilliams2, Emily J. Yanisko 3This research is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DRL-2005790.Abstract (paper type: ERM) -- Performance in math, particularly algebra, is a major barrier tostudent success and participation in STEM among under-represented minoritized students,particularly Black U.S. high school students. This research applies Social Cognitive CareerTheory (SCCT) to measure impacts of an afterschool algebra-for-engineering program on mathself-efficacy and interest in STEM among high school students in a large urban district. To studythe program’s effects, a mixed methods research

Collection

2024 ASEE North East Section

Authors

John F Drazan, Fairfield University; Emily J. Hangen, Fairfield University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

collaboration to itsinterdisciplinary nature. We bring complementary areas of expertise for conducting rigorous STEMeducation research: Expertise in conducting research on human behavior (specifically student motivation,learning, and STEM pedagogy), engineering content areas, and STEM program development. Ourrespective backgrounds and strengths have allowed us to develop novel assessments of engineeringlearning, while also unlocking large populations for future psychosocial research. When reflecting on thissynergistic collaboration, we realized that our interdisciplinary collaboration is relatively unique and islargely absent among our early career faculty peers. In fact, our collaboration itself was an unintendedproduct of participation in a campus

Conference Session

ABET Issues and Capstone Design

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

John Lamancusa; Laura L. Pauley; Thomas Litzinger

Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition ©2005, American Society for Engineering EducationGather Information Detailed information about the current ME program was collected as part of the EC2000review in Fall 2002. A thorough assessment of our program was also conducted. In the programassessment, input was obtained from students, alumni, industry, and faculty. Studentperformance in all required ME courses was assessed. An Alumni Survey gave us input on thepreparation our program provides. Discussions with leaders in industry also provided input tothe program. The program assessment demonstrated the overall strength of our program. It also showedsome areas where the program can be

Conference Session

Technical Session T1B

Collection

2022 First-Year Engineering Experience

Authors

Amanda Marie Singer, Michigan Technological University; Katrina L Carlson, Michigan Technological University; Akua B. Oppong-Anane, Montana Technological University; Michelle E Jarvie-Eggart P.E., Michigan Technological University; Sarah Tan, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Full Papers

/programming education, and service learning.Dr. Sarah Tan, Michigan Technological University Sarah Tan is a Research Assistant Professor in the Pavlis Honors College at Michigan Technological University. She received a MBA degree and a Ph.D. degree in Applied Cognitive Sciences and Human factors Program both from Michigan Tech. Her research program involves using complementary methods (e.g., statistical modeling and analytics, psychological assessment) to evaluate how individual differences are important and impact behaviors at a cultural, social, and behavioral level. She has served as a project evaluator in the multiple NSF funded projects. American c

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 5

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kushal Adhikari, Juniata College

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

engineering, thus building a sustainable and resilient society while using appropriate ways to reduce, reuse, and recycle. He is also actively involved in engineering education research and strives for effective pedagogy practices and student success. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2025 "Living" Engineering Laboratory: Enhancing Undergraduate Learning Through Place-Based Education and Lab-Scale Engineering Models The engineering program at Juniata College, a private liberal arts institute, has witnessed a steady rise in applications and enrollment since its launch in Fall 2022. Beginning with a modest cohort of seven students in the inaugural year, the program has now grown to accommodate over

Conference Session

“And Other Duties as Assigned”

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Kindschi, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Anne Glorioso, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Diana Wheeler, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Moodle, as compared to D2L, and thecomparatively small amount of administrative intervention involved in its use seem to make itmore flexible. As staffing changes over time, we need a tool that doesn’t present too manyobstacles and can be learned easily by new people. In short, it was the economical choice for usto make, as it could get the job we needed done without being as fully developed a software asD2L. Early on in the process we had agreed to seek the most efficient solutions that would getthe job done, selecting tools that would make frequent updates feasible and still remain easy touse for “trainees.”So what, exactly, would go into our Moodle Reference Training & Assessment course? Our“course content” needed an organizing principle

Conference Session

Self-Efficacy & Mindset

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew D. Lovell P.E., Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Chris Carroll P.E., Trine University; Matthew K Swenty P.E., Virginia Military Institute; Charles Riley P.E., Oregon Institute of Technology; David Weston Johnstone P.E., Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

, steel design, reinforced concrete design,and structural dynamics. This paper summarizes the details of two iterations of the workshopand each of the associated modules. The paper also includes a summary of pre and postassessments of the faculty participants from both workshop cohorts. The assessments includeevaluation of each participants’ active learning practices and their incorporation andunderstanding of EM principles.Introduction ​An ABET accredited undergraduate engineering program in civil engineering requires theinclusion of a variety of topics. In the Civil Engineering Program Criteria (CEPC) the list oftopics includes sustainability, risk, resilience, diversity, equity, inclusion, an engineering code ofethics ethical dilemma along

Conference Session

Construction Session 3: Curriculum

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric A Holt, University of Denver; Mark Shaurette, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Christine L Chasek, University of Nebraska at Kearney

Tagged Divisions

Construction

graduates for industry. Engineers and constructionprofessionals now have to do more than just problem solve. They must be able to be innovativein design and execution, utilizing creative thinking along with understanding math and scienceprinciples. They must also be able to work within multidisciplinary teams of other industryprofessional and communicate effectively across those disciplines [4-7].Another driving factor is that Engineering and Construction Management (CM) programs arealso being required to change to meet the requirements of the accreditation bodies [8-12]. “TheCouncil on Post-Secondary Accreditation in the US Department of Education has mandated thataccrediting agencies use outcome assessments in evaluating their programs. As a

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Poster

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Saleh Sbenaty

teams across Tennessee, Alabama, and Kentucky. Eachteam includes multi-disciplinary faculty members and industry partners. A brief account of thegrant’s activities will be described and a model case targeted for an introductory course in circuitanalysis will be presented.I. IntroductionIn today’s fast changing world, companies spend large amounts of money on staff training anddevelopment. To reduce costs and training time, employers are increasingly interested inworking closely with higher education institutions to transfer the classroom into a real-worldlearning experience. In addition, employers are interested in improving the way employees applytheir acquired knowledge and skills to new settings or situations.At the same time, one of the

Conference Session

International Division (INTL): Navigating Risks and Cross-Cultural Challenges

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hiroyuki Ishizaki, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Rumi Okazaki, School of Architecture, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Ikuro SHIMIZU, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Tadesse girmay Girmay

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

leading the internationalization of SIT and its partner universities throughout the Southeast Asian region. Under his initiatives, various short-term mobility programs and student exchanges have been started. He is also Chair of the Mobility Special Interest Group of Asia Technological University Network (ATU-Net) and initiated a COIL program called Virtual Asia Exploration (VAx) by orchestrating the collaboration of six Asian universities. He is also an entrepreneur through his consulting company established in 2004, and has been rendering management consultation services to both small-medium size companies and multi-national enterprises such as global strategy planning, cross-border business entry, middle manager