Conference Session

ECE Division Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ramakrishnan Sundaram, Gannon University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

programming environment.The samples of the qualitative responses documented in this paper represent the common themeof the feedback from one or more students. Some of the students recognized that the projectactivities formed not just part of the reinforcement of the classroom learning of STEM principlesbut also had some impact beyond the classroom on engineering design issues and constraints.Clearly, one of the aspects that should be emphasized at similar outreach events conducted byother institutions is maintenance of the close relation of engineering and technology to providesolutions to real-world problems. Projects which reveal such relationships should be identified andused in the STEM outreach events with the students and school educators.In

Conference Session

Technical Session 3: The Best of Computers in Education

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shaya Wolf, University of Wyoming; Fiona P. Moss, University of Wyoming; Rasana Manandhar, University of Wyoming; Madison Cooley, University of Wyoming; Rafer Cooley, University of Wyoming; Andrea Carneal Burrows Borowczak, University of Wyoming; Mike Borowczak, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Education, 2019 Paper ID #27365practical implementations. He is also involved in K-20 CS/cybersecurity education research and was the2019 RMS ASEE conference co-chair.Mike also has over a decade of industry and research experience – mostly revolving around the semicon-ductor and bioinformatics industries – with specific experience at Texas Instruments, Intel, and CincinnatiChildren’s Hospital Medical Center. In addition to his industry experience, Mike spent two years, whilecompleting his Ph.D., as a National Science Foundation GK-12 fellow – teaching and bringing real-world STEM applications in two urban high schools. Since then, he has worked with

Conference Session

Works in Progress: Assessment and Research Tools

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christian Anderson Arbogast, Oregon State University; Devlin Montfort, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

understanding astudent’s conceptual understanding of a subject area, or an individual’s underlying andinternalized framework of how the world works 14.One complication of recognizing student conceptual understanding is that it tends to be largelypersonal to the student 14, which renders it a time consuming and expensive undertaking.Concept inventories 8 have been popularized as a method of recognizing student conceptualunderstanding but need to be designed by an expert to test specific concepts in isolation. Somecritics have commented that concept inventory tests can be valuable pedagogical tools butlacking without a complementary statistical analysis of the results 7. It seems that the goldstandard for assessing student conceptual understanding is the

Conference Session

Research on Diversification & Inclusion

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jane L. Lehr, California Polytechnic State University; Michael Haungs, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society, New Engineering Educators, Student, Women in Engineering

education and Page 26.1095.4professions in its recommendations, seeking to address the impacts of stereotypes and implicitbias on both individual female students and the social, educational, and professional norms inSTEM disciplines. For example, the report focuses on mechanisms to reduce stereotype threatand identify implicit biases, and also addresses how changing student understandings ofintelligence and spatial skills to emphasize that these skills can be learned leads to improvedstudent performance. The report also points to research suggesting that the inclusion of real-world applications in coursework increases the retention of female students

Conference Session

Make It!

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Byron Doyle, Brigham Young University; Colby Goettel, BYU; Lane Broadbent, Brigham Young University; Dale C Rowe, Brigham Young University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

SecurityAbstractPhysical security analysts have always sought to overcome challenges in security infrastructureusing novel approaches and new technology. One of these challenges is preset, mechanical lockmechanisms.1 3D printing technology provides a valuable tool for those interested in attacking orbypassing high-security locks. This technology can allow such practitioners to create keyblanks or replicas from key data such as physical key measurements or photographic evidence.IntroductionPreset, mechanical locks are generally vulnerable to a variety of attacks, but due to theenormity of designs and technologies in the world today, each lock typically requires a differenttechnique to exploit or bypass. For example, simple pin and wafer locks can be picked

Conference Session

Engineering Student Involvement in K12 Programs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rajesh Ganesan, George Mason University; Donna Sterling, George Mason University; Philip Henning, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

joint preparation of a paper.b) Teacher Survey Questions: “What three elements make for a good science lesson for yourkids? “What types of science lessons appealed to you in school and university?”Most teachers saw inquiry and hands on activities as a sign of a good science lesson although allseemed to focus more on the structure of the lesson and the resulting transfer of content than onthe actual doing of science. Many teachers saw the need to link to real world applications, “theyneed to make connections to things they already know and understand.” The ability to work Page 13.964.6independently was seen as a value by one teacher who said “An

Conference Session

Accreditation and Assessment Concerns in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Hanus, United States Military Academy; Scott Hamilton, United States Military Academy; Jeffrey Russell

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

and evaluate those processes in light of habits, plans, and programs. competing and complex real-world alternatives.Of particular interest is the proposed level of outcome achievement within each of the domains.The ASCE BOK2 proposes that the first three categories in the cognitive domain are fulfilledthrough the bachelor’s degree, the next two through pre-licensure experience, and the finalcategory as a post-licensure fulfillment 1. Lynch et al. proposes that the first four categories inthe affective domain are fulfilled through the bachelor’s degree 17. This is interesting, because itmay be problematic to achieve a high level of affective domain fulfillment without the associatedlevel in the cognitive domain. Additional work

Conference Session

Learning Needs and Educational Success

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Lin, North Dakota State University; G. Padmanabhan, North Dakota State University; Robert Pieri, North Dakota State University; Floyd Patterson, North Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

the students todeferent STEM related academic programs; to make them understand the needs and importanceof studying mathematics and basic sciences, and their connection to engineering education, and Page 12.713.4to introduce them to career opportunities for various STEM disciplines, as depicted in Figure 1. UNIVERSITY REAL WORLD Engineering Gover nment Chemical Civil Electrical Industrial Mechanical Municipality Manufacture Consulting

Conference Session

State of the Art in 1st-Year Programs

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Tom Walker; Hayden Griffin; Tamara Knott; Richard Goff; Vinod Lohani; Jenny Lo

Copyright @ 2005, American Society for Engineering Education”Having successfully completed this course, the student will be able to:• demonstrate a basic understanding of the design process;• demonstrate basic facility with hands on design and design evaluation, accomplished by working in teams;• demonstrate a knowledge of the disciplines of the Virginia Tech College of Engineering;• demonstrate an understanding of professional ethics and application to real-life situations;• apply the scientific method to problem solving including use of software where applicable;• graph numeric data and derive simple empirical functions;• develop and implement algorithms that focus on object oriented approaches;• describe basic concepts associated with working

Conference Session

Engaging Upper Level Classes

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Sue McNeil; Adjo Amekudzi; Kristen Sanford Bernhardt

speakers. (UIC) • Having people with real world experience in things like public works department and private firms is helpful in understanding how infrastructure is managed. (Lafayette)From our point of view, the students were generally interested in the projects and motivated.The presentations and final reports were, on the whole, quite comprehensive.The activity labeled HWX, requiring attendance at a public meeting, received variable responses.This homework was introduced at UIC in 2003 and informal feedback and the insights presentedin the written reports suggested that this was a valuable and interesting experience. The writtenreports were again enthusiastic, but the UIC survey responses were consistent with otheractivities. The

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Nabil Ibrahim

experience. The benefit to the engineering student is thecreation of a classroom environment that incorporates and applies real world problemsolving techniquesArticulationAfter looking at how the programs and curriculum are aligned at our participatingeducational institutions, the 2+2+2 program identified two courses, Introduction toEngineering and Introduction to CAD/Design, to target for articulation throughout thethree levels. By setting up articulation agreements at each of the schools we were able tostreamline students’ education. Instead of repeating courses and topics covered in highschool, students are able to earn college/university credit for their work. The Introductionto Engineering course is currently being offered at San Jose State

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Ann Anderson; Richard Wilk

their professional life and to ensure that students are on a path of life-long learning. Thefirst objective must include synthesis and application of knowledge acquired in the first threeyears of the program, namely application of advanced analysis techniques to design. The secondobjective involves exploration of important issues needed to prepare graduates for professionalpractice and/or graduate school. The third objective needs to instill student confidence in theirability to learn on their own. The mechanical engineering program at Union Collegeaccomplishes these goals through four complementary components of the senior yearcurriculum: (1) a required two term senior research/design project, (2) required capstone designcourses in mechanical

Conference Session

Freshman Design

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Hazel Pierson; Daniel Suchora

as a springboard for the lecture topics. Thisallowed for all aspects of the design process to be addressed, from the first brainstorming sessionto a prototype machine to the final technical design report. Through the process, the studentsdiscover first hand how the application of math and science principals fits into engineeringdesign as well as how to systematically complete a design at a level fitting of an engineer. Theproject, as will be explained in detail, culminates with two main components: the actual buildingand timing of the machine and the final design report.Course InformationThis project is part of a first semester freshman engineering course at Youngstown StateUniversity. The three semester hour course is comprised of two

Conference Session

Arduinos, Microcontrollers, Inexpensive Robotics, and Other Tech Bytes

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arthur F. Garcia Jr. P.E., Palm Beach State College

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

as maturebut can be inspired to become more serious. With an encouraging preparation in theFundamentals course, more of the maturing students can be motivated to excel in their junior andsenior level courses. With some nurturing, it is possible to engage that deeper latent talent of allambitious engineering students. The objectives of the course are: 1. to prepare students for their future engineering courses, 2. to introduce students to the various engineering disciplines, 3. to use the electronic spreadsheet as a tool for solving engineering problems, and 4. to prepare students for the business world of engineering. Most engineering curricula do not include courses on how to use the spreadsheet. Thegeneral

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Track 4.D

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carlos Sotelo, Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences; David Sotelo, Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences; Erick Ramírez-Cedillo, Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences; Félix Martínez-Jiménez, Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences; Ana I. Benavides Lahnstein, Manchester Metropolitan University; Alison Buxton, University of Sheffield

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

students’knowledge, skills, and attitudes. While these assessments might contribute to achieving learningobjectives, the development of thinking, problem-solving skills, and student motivation shouldbe explored as an extracurricular activity rather than an assignment that takes place in aclassroom environment.Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that overlays virtual objects in the real-worldenvironment, which enhances users’ engagement [6]. This technology has been applied toencourage critical thinking in learners of different ages [7-9]. Through the Assemblr Eduplatform, it is shown in [7], that English writing skills are improved. Similarly, in [8], ARtechnology is used to facilitate collaborative learning in science education, while in [9], it

Conference Session

Graduate Education, Artificial Intelligence

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Lu, Texas A&M University; Behbood Ben Zoghi P.E., Southern Methodist University

Tagged Divisions

Continuing, Professional, and Online Education Division (CPOED)

universities. The goal is to bridgethe gap between textbook theories and real-world practice. Survey shows that courses taught byprofessors that come from an industry background receive higher level of satisfaction andperceived career-readiness from students [1]; furthermore, learning knowledge and tools that areimmediately applicable in the workplace gives students a comparative advantage for betteremployability, because learning under the guidance and expectations from the future employeralike sets them up for success [2]. While industry experts bring in their unique insights and relevant skill sets that are highlyin demand in the job market, challenges lie within many aspects when they enter the academicenvironment [3]: their teaching

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session: Developing Engineering Competencies III

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexis Grace Daniels, Johns Hopkins University; Rachel E Durham

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

-efficacy. Elevated refersto the gap between professed self-efficacy and documented proficiency or actual performance.Ultimately, this maladaptive process did not buoy performance and meta-cognitive insight [36]but instead contributed to STEM attrition.Theme 2: Uneven Access—and Fully Aware Student experiences revealed heterogeneity across the district, but students with higher-quality instruction clustered at specific schools. Students at Schools Beta and Zeta reportedhands-on, project-based learning. Instructors checked for understanding, made sure it wascontextualized to real world applications rather than purely theoretical, and the learningprogressed in difficulty. They did science, rather than learning about science. Students

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT) Technical Session 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hashmath Fathima, Morgan State University; Kofi Nyarko, Morgan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT)

in2021 and 2022.Classroom ImpactAs the program moved from in-person to online to hybrid, the teacher's feedback suggested thatthey have gained more ways to engage the students in the class remotely and helped them tohave a better structure during classes. In addition, they acknowledged acquiring new technicalabilities, integrating science and math into real-world applications, accepting project-basedlearning, and having a higher capacity for compassion for kids with difficulty with the subjectmatter. The most fulfilling experience, according to one instructor, was "the moment I realizedhow to apply what I am learning in my teaching environment. That has motivated me to work ona project that would bring the scientific department at our school

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development for K-12 Teachers – I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leyla Conrad, Georgia Institute of Technology; Edward Conrad, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jill Auerbach, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

applications to engineering as well as theirrelevance to today’s technology. The program runs successfully through collaboration with theSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, microelectronics Packaging Research Center(PRC) (an NSF Engineering Research Center) and the School of Physics. The program has threecomponents: (1) to enables teachers to fully take advantage of their subsequent researchexperience, a two -week course on modern physics, with a laboratory component is given; (2) athree day module course on applications of modern physics concepts to microelectronics; and (3)a five and a half week summer research experience. Workshops are also held during the teachersstay at Georgia Tech to help them with the development of lesson plans and

Conference Session

Design Tools & Methodology I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bill Crockford P.E., Sam Houston State University; Bruce Hamby, The Hamby Law Firm

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

forms intended to be used in theclassroom to help the instructor open the classroom up to real world innovation with real worldintellectual property consequences. The document is intended not only to turn the classroom intoa miniature “think tank”, but to expose the students to a legal instrument similar to the first onethey will see when they become a “key employee” of a technical firm that is involved indeveloping products backed by intellectual property assets.Enhancing (“tweaking”) a course in product design and development presupposes a fundamentalplatform (“kernel”) upon which the enhancement will build. The kernel used for this discussionis in the form of a textbook1. In the on-line resources2 for this text, various approaches toteaching

Conference Session

The Best of Design in Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew L. Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University; Robert W. Fletcher, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

may be required. Page 22.1189.21. IntroductionProblem-Based Learning or Project-Based Learning (PBL) is an instructional strategy in whichstudents work in groups to solve challenging open-ended problems. The technique is student-centered, so the formal course instructor/teacher takes on the role of facilitator or guide oflearning. Perhaps the technique is better defined by listing the common elements of PBL.1) Learning is initiated by a problem. 2) Problems are based on complex, real-world situations.3) Students identify, find, and use appropriate resources. 4) Students work in groups.5) Learning is active, integrated, cumulative, and

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy Division (EPP) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yanru Xu, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ji’an Liu; YaXuan Wen; Lufan Wang, Florida International University; Yan Wei, Southern University of Science and Technology; Yiming Rong, Southern University of Science and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy Division (EPP)

, and at the meso-level – the transformation of HEE system.Theoretical and methodological considerationsSince the 1950s, the new institutionalism has crossed the disciplinary boundaries ofeconomics, political science and sociology, becoming a new research paradigm forexplaining real-world problems because of its unique disciplinary field and analyticalperspective [ 8 . Although there are different schools of new institutionalism,sociological institutionalism, rational choice institutionalism, and historicalinstitutionalism are widely accepted divisions [ 9 . Sociological institutionalismanalyzes institutions from a macro perspective, focusing on the macro structure and onthe co-occurrence of institutional development. Rational choice

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Joni M. Lakin, University of Alabama; Daniela Marghitu, Auburn University; Edward W. Davis, Auburn University; Virginia A. Davis, Auburn University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

to assemble cylin- drical nanomaterials into larger functional materials. Targeted applications include optical coatings, 3D printed structures, light-weight composites, and antimicrobial surfaces. Her national awards include selec- tion for the Fulbright Specialist Roster (2015), the American Institute of Chemical Engineers Nanoscale Science and Engineering Forum’s Young Investigator Award (2012), the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (2010), and a National Science Foundation CAREER Award (2009). Her Auburn University awards include the Excellence in Faculty Outreach (2015), an Auburn University Alumni Professorship (2014), the Auburn Engineering Alumni Council Awards for Senior (2013

Collection

2010 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Marilyn A. Dyrud

by the Ford Motor Company and IBM; and offerspedagogical suggestions for integrating Holocaust materials into engineering and technologyclasses.While this topic is disturbing, it is important that engineering educators arm their students withknowledge of this emotionally wrenching period in history. Knowing the past may result in abrighter future.IntroductionSometimes, a glance into the past is painful. Engineers view themselves as educated, humaneindividuals who are dedicated to making the world a better place: improving living conditions,providing clean water, developing more productive agricultural methods, generating technologyto enhance communications between people in the far corners of the earth. What happened to theengineering

Conference Session

Basic Concepts in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leo E. Hanifin, University of Detroit Mercy; Ross A. Lee, Villanova University; Jonathan Weaver, University of Detroit Mercy; Kenneth F Bloemer, University of Dayton; Cynthia C. Fry, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

curricular materials may be found at http://weaverjm.faculty.udmercy.edu. Through his work with Innovation in Action, he has also conducted a number of innovation workshops for industry wherein the participants learn systematic innovation tools and apply them to their daily work.Dr. Kenneth F Bloemer, University of Dayton Ken is currently Director of the Innovation Center at the University of Dayton’s School of Engineering. The Innovation Center recruits real world engineering challenges from industry, entrepreneurs and non- profit organizations to be solved by multidisciplinary senior capstone teams. In addition, Ken teaches courses on innovation and is a frequent guest lecturer around campus. He has conducted innovation

Conference Session

Cohort-Based Postdoctoral Scholars Program, Transforming the National Engineering Education, Defining Accountability, and Evaluating the Low-Stakes Assessment Performance

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Ocif Love, Northeastern University; Claire Duggan, Northeastern University; Jeffrey Xavier, SageFox Consulting Group; Ami N. Slater; Kenneth Rath

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering Division(MIND)

tricky world of grant applications from thisprogram than I have in my institution!”“The stEm PEER cohort idea is an amazing one; it is both a privilege and a challenge to be partof the inaugural group; we have amazing access and support AND we are the ones finding therough spots that will be smoothed for subsequent cohorts.”“Feeling like I am taken seriously as a researcher and professional!”“The most valuable part of participating has been connecting with [Fellows] who are workingto improve the engineering ecosystem in a variety of ways and each bringing their ownknowledge and expertise to share. It has reinvigorated my dedication to my work and given mea sense of urgency to be more intentional with what we do.”Two suggestions that came out of

Conference Session

Electromagnetics & Power Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yu Gong, Purdue University, West Lafayette; N. Sanjay Rebello, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Michael R. Melloch, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Sean P. Brophy, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. His research focuses on the teaching and learning of physics. He is particularly interested in issues pertaining to transfer of learning and problem solving in physics and engineering. Most recently his research has focused on using the principles of visual cognition to design multimedia hints and cues to facilitate problem solving. This research has potential applications for the design on online learning environments.Prof. Michael R. Melloch, Purdue University, West Lafayette Michael R. Melloch received the B.S.E.E., M.S.E.E., and Ph.D degrees from Purdue University in 1975, 1976, and 1981 respectively. From June 1976 to August 1978 he was a design engineer at Intel Cor- poration (Santa Clara, CA) where he worked

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steve Warren, Kansas State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

student roster: Electrical and Computer Engineering, Industrial &Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Biological & Agricultural Systems Engineering,Mechanical Engineering, and Chemical Engineering. Introduction to Biomedical Engineeringspeaks to the application of engineering principles to measurement, analysis, and design issuesfaced by the medical and life science communities. The course provides an overview ofbiomedical engineering by briefly addressing topics such as  basic anatomy and physiology,  physiologic origins of biomedical signals,  sensors and instrumentation for acquiring physiological data,  techniques for imaging the human body,  biomedical optics,  biomechanics,  biomaterials and tissue

Conference Session

Computer Engineering Technology Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Veeramuthu Rajaravivarma, Central Connecticut State University; G. Thomas Bellarmine, Florida A&M-Florida State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

in ASEE. He is also a Registered Professional Engineer. Email: Thomas.bellarmine@famu.edu Page 12.1593.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007Visual Route and Virtual Network Computing Exercises for Computer Network CoursesAbstractKnowledge of networking concepts (network usage) has become crucial in today’s worldwhere all of us use different types of networks in our day-to-day life. But in a field likenetworking, real understanding can be achieved only by hands-on exercises. In thisarticle, six lab exercises on Visual Route and Virtual Network Computing software suitesare discussed, and how

Conference Session

ChE: Bioengineering, nanotechnology, and systems engineering in the Classroom

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Danielle Amatore, Oregon State University; Shoichi Kimura, Oregon State University; Alexandre Yokochi, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

delivered to 10 high students through theSaturday Academy. This class used a theme of “saving the world with nanotechnology” to Page 12.517.13engage the students while they learn what nanotechnology is all about. It provided an overviewof nanotechnology applications, from the electronics industry to the medical field, and examinedthe potential benefits these technologies will have on our society. This class also exposedstudents to the potential health, safety and environmental risks posed by manufacturing on thenano-scale. Like the university level classes, the mode of delivery emphasized active learningwith six hands-on activities ranging from