Conference Session

Innovative Laboratories in BME

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Markus Billeter, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Institute for Biomedical; Grace M. Nijm, Northwestern University; Bugrahan Yalvac, Northwestern University; Alan Sahakian, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

, Aldine: Chicago, 1967[13] Merriam, B. S., Qualitative research and case study applications in educa- tion, Jossey-Bass Publishers: San Francisco, 1998 Page 11.58.24[14] Patton, Q. M., Qualitative evaluation and research methods, Second Edition, Sage Publications: London, 1990 Page 11.58.25

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronnie Bolick, North Carolina A&T State University; Vijay Krishnan, North Carolina A&T State University; William Craft, North Carolina A&T State University; Ajit Kelkar, North Carolina A&T State University

Composite Materials”, Oxford University Press2. Strong A. B.; 1989, “Fundamentals of Composite Manufacturing: Materials, Methods, and Applications”, Society of Manufacturing Engineers3. BGF Industries, Inc.; “http://www.bgf.com/cchart.htm4. Hexcel Corporation, Inc.; “http://www.hexcelfibers.com/Markets/Products/Continuous /_Productlist.htm”5. The Dow Chemical Company, Inc.; “http: /www.dow.com/ derakane specific/product/ 411-350.htm”6. Kelkar Ajit D. and Tate Jitendra S.; 2002, “Low Cost Manufacturing of Textile Composites Using Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding”, All India Manufacturing Design and Research Conference, Ranchi, India, December 2002

Conference Session

Approaches to Teaching Entrepreneurship

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

June Ferrill, Rice University; Lisa Getzler-Linn, Lehigh University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

: Distinguishing Itself from Other FieldsNot only does some of the literature on entrepreneurs distinguish them from others in business,the field of entrepreneurial studies has sought to identify itself as different from mainstreambusiness studies, even though similarities exist. We see this distinction as another reason forcreating ethical studies for entrepreneurial education. Higher education has allocated a greatmany resources towards keeping up with changing business trends: growing, modifying andcustomizing curriculum to better prepare graduates to compete in the ever evolving economiclandscape. In the mid 1990’s entrepreneurship education was born. Over the last decade it hasbecome one of the fastest growing fields of study available to students

Conference Session

The Senior Experience: Capstone and Beyond

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Niehaus, University of Cincinnati; Anant Kukreti, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

to develop the site plans (contours and cross sections), drainagepipes and inlets, roadway plans for all components of the circulation system (plan/profiles,typical sections, intersection geometry and traffic design, and detail elevations for paving),utilities plan (sewer main, water lines, underground electrical, telephone, data, and gas), andright of way and set-back requirements for facilities. Each plan shall also include the significantstructural design of a design element, such as a retaining wall, parking deck, small building ormajor component(s) of larger structures, etc. The plan must also include a cost-effectivedrainage system to accommodate the ultimate development of the site. “Green Facility”concepts should be considered in the

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leo McAfee, University of Michigan; Khalil Najafi, University of Michigan; Yogesh Gianchandani, University of Michigan; Kensall D. Wise, University of Michigan; Michel M. Maharbiz, University of Michigan; Dean Aslam, Michigan State University; Paul Bergstrom, Michigan Technological University; Craig Friedrich, Michigan Technological University

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Gaughran, University of Limerick; Thomas Waldmann, University of Limerick; Niall Seery, University of Limerick

. Trigwell (1999). "Understanding Learning and Teaching." The socity for Page 11.91.17 research into higher education and Open University Press.Proceedings of the 2006 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition Copyright  2006, American Society for Engineering Education 6. Dochy, F., M. Segers, et al. (2003). "Effects of Problem Based Learning: A Meta Analysis." Learning and instruction Vol 13: pp 533-568. 7. Duch, B. J., S. E. Groh, et al. (2001). "The Power of Problem-Based Learning, Sterling." 8. Felder, R. M. and B. R. (2003). "Learning by Doing

Conference Session

ECE Pedagogy and Assessment

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J. Shawn Addington, Virginia Military Institute

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

sixyears of data. Nevertheless, this system must continue to evolve, with the understanding that“All assessment is a perpetual work in progress.”17The author wishes to thank his colleagues in the Electrical and Computer EngineeringDepartment for their assistance in utilizing this assessment scheme over the years. The authoralso wishes to thank the reviewers of this paper for their insight and constructive suggestions.Bibliography1. Angelo, T.A., Ewell, P.T., and Lopez, C., “Assessment at the Millennium: Now What?”, Assessment to Promote Deep Learning - Insight from AAHE’s 2000 and 1999 Assessment Conferences.2. Sarin, S., “A Plan for Addressing ABET Criteria 2000 Requirements”, Proceedings of the 1998 ASEE Annual Conference.3

Conference Session

Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Instruction

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Gerhart, University of Evansville; Andrew Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University; Bruce Cain, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

such equipment as exists is not or cannot beinstrumented extensively enough. A possible exception is fluid handling equipment – fans,compressors, and, especially, pumps. Experience with a student “engineered” pump test usingPTC 8.2 Centrifugal Pumps will be described later in this paper.Having the students read and report on a PTC (or a few sections of a PTC) is simple toimplement and allows for a wide range of flexibility. The topic of the course allows theinstructor to pick the appropriate PTC(s) to be read and reported. For example, if the course isFluid Mechanics, PTC 19.5, Flow Measurement would be an obvious choice. The exerciseworks particularly well in a laboratory course where the students can extend and strengthentopics and practices

Conference Session

Engineering, Engineers and Setting Public Policy

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Reisel, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

to attempt this project allowed theproject to proceed.Bibliography1. ABET Engineering Accreditation Commission, “Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs,” Nov. 2006, p.2. Page 12.1405.132. Wheeler, E. and McDonald, R.L., ”Writing in Engineering Courses,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 89, no. 4, 2000, pp. 481-486.3. Taylor, W.L., “Using Drafts in History 231: American Economic Development,” Writing Across the Curriculum, vol. 8, August 1997, pp. 10-12.4. Manuel-Dupont, S., “Writing-Across-the-Curriculum in an Engineering Program,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 85, no. 1, 1996, pp. 35-40.5. Fitzpatrick

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Timothy Baibak, Kettering University; Rajeev Agrawal, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Games. Future Play, 2005, URL: http://www.futureplay.org/papers/paper-184_becker.pdf9. Jimenez-Peris, R., Khuri, S., and Patino-Martinez, M. Adding Breadth to CS1 and CS2 Courses Through Visual and Interactive Programming Projects. The proceedings of the thirtieth SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education, 1999, pp. 252-256.10. Reidel, J. The Learning Game. The View, 2003, URL: http://www.uvm.edu/theview/article.php?id=96011. Lewis, C. and Repenning, A. Playing a Game: The Ecology of Designing, Building, and Testing Games as Educational Activities. Trails, URL: http://www.trails- project.org/resources/papers/Colorado_EdMedia_paper.pdf12. XNA: http://msdn.microsoft.com/directx/XNA/default.aspx13. Developing Games on

Conference Session

Engineering and Sustainability

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marilyn Dyrud, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

). Retrieved from http://www.crra.com/ewaste/ttrash2/ttrash2/.14. Center for Policy Alternatives. Mercury Poisoning Prevention (2006). Retrieved from http://www.stateaction. org/issues/issue.cfm/issue/MercuryPoisoning.xml.15. Environmental Protection Agency. Chromium Compounds Hazard Summary (January 2000). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/hlthef/chromium.html.16. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Dioxin Research (April 24, 2001). Retrieved from http://www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/factsheets/dioxin.htm.17. Birnbaum, Linda S., and Daniele F. Staskal. “Brominated Flame Retardants: Cause for Concern?” Environmental Health Perspectives 112, no.1 ( January 2004): 9-17.18. Rayner, Mary, and Bruce Bingham. “Do You Compute

Conference Session

Creating and Maintaining Effective Communication Learning in the Curriculum

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregg L. Fiegel, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Conference Session

ABET Accreditation, Assessment and Program Improvement in ECE.

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark William Redekopp, University of Southern California; Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Conference Session

First Year Engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irene B Mena, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Sarah E Zappe, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Thomas A. Litzinger, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

. Paper presented at theASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference. San Diego, CA, October 28-31.7.Mena, I., Zappe, S., & Litzinger, T. (2012). Preparing the Engineer of 2020: Analysis of Alumni Data. Paperpresented at the American Society for Engineering Education Conference and Exposition. San Antonio, TX, June10-13.8.Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational Research. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.9.Benson, J. & Clark, F. (1983). A Guide for Instrument Development and Validation. The American Journal ofOccupational Therapy. 36(12): 789-800.10.Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.11.Kilgore, D., Chachra, D., Loshbaugh, H., McCain, J., Jones, M

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John M Robertson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Kathleen Meehan, Virginia Tech; Robert John Bowman, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Kenneth A Connor, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Douglas A Mercer, Analog Devices Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

unscreened I/O wires can be awkward to handle but they are a working compromise betweensimplicity, frequency range, noise limits and cost. However, other connectors common inlaboratory settings such as BNC coax and scope probes can be easily added.It uses the well-established Digilent Waveforms software to display power supply, analog anddigital signal sources as well as a two-channel fully differential oscilloscope. The maximumsampling rate is 100 M sample/s but oversampling is always assured with 16 k samples in achannel record. This illustrates an interesting design compromise for the educational market. Itmeans a lower nominal bandwidth but since the full frame of the oscilloscope image has 16 kdata points, there is no risk of undersampling. For

Conference Session

Robots and K-12 Computer Applications

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Laut, Polytechnic Institute of New York University; Vikram Kapila, Polytechnic Institute of New York University; Magued G. Iskander P.E., Polytechnic Institute of New York University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

and assessment of this paper’s activities in their classrooms.References 1. Rogers, C. and Portsmore, M. 2004. “Bringing Engineering to Elementary School.” Journal of STEM Education. 5(3): 17-28. 2. Norton, S. 2004. “Using Lego to Integrate Mathematics and Science in an Outcomes Based Syllabus.” Proc. AARE Annual Conference. Melbourne, Australia. 3. Ortiz, A.M. 2011. “Fifth Grade Students’ Understanding of Ratio and Proportion in an Engineering Robotics Program.” Proc. Amer. Soc. Eng. Ed. Session M444B. British Columbia, Canada. 4. Williams, K., et al. 2012. “Enriching K-12 Science and Mathematics Education Using LEGOs.” Advances in Engineering Education. 3(2). 5. RWTH - Mindstorms NXT Toolbox

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Cardenas, Harvey Mudd College; David Wayne Kelley, Department of Geography, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN; Warren Roberts

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

, Pittsburgh, PA, 2008.5.) R. Walters and Z. Gao, Strategy to Incorporate GIS and GPS Applications Into Construction Education, Proceedings of the Annual ASEE Conference, Chicago, IL, 2006.6.) S. Dahal, R.H. Hall, G. Morrison, S.P. Lamble, and R. Luna, A Web-based Learning Module for Teaching GIS Within the Context of Environmental Engineering, Proceedings of the Annual ASEE Conference, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, 2011.7.) Sinton, D. and S.W. Bednarz, Putting the G in GIS, In D. Sinton and J. F. Lund (eds.) Understanding place: GIS and mapping across the curriculum. Redlands, CA: ESRI Press, 19-33, 2007.8.) Spatial Literacy Program. Retrieved January 5, 2013, from http://www.redlands.edu/academics/school-of- education/9762.aspx9

Conference Session

Communication and Engineering Careers: Motivating Our Students

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julie E. Sharp, Vanderbilt University; Christopher J Rowe, Vanderbilt University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

sortof career fair-type activity outside of class. A sampling of the universities in this university’speer and aspirational groups examined appears in Appendix 1.Courses involving career development concepts and activities have proliferated since the1980’s;13 however, little is known about the effectiveness of these courses on employability andthe ways other activities such as internships and prior experience contribute to student success.14Sagan’s 2000 study of the effects of career preparation suggested that any supplemental careerpreparation is valuable although a modest positive effect occurred when preparation wasconsidered independent of individual characteristics. Of course, related work experience andinternships had the greatest effect

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ertunga C Ozelkan, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Peter L Schmidt P.E., University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Devin Hatley, UNC Charlotte; Kathleen Ann Boutin-Pasterz, UNC Charlotte

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual Conf. & Exposition, Chicago, Illinois, June 18-21, 2006. [5] Burian, S., Teaching Sustainability and Sustainable Engineering Practice in the Civil Engineering Curriculum, Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual Conf. & Exposition, Louisville, Kentucky, June 20-23, 2010. [6] Ogden, K., Ogden, G., Incorporation of Sustainability Concepts into Traditional Chemical Engineering Page 23.792.17 Education, Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual Conf. & Exposition, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007

Conference Session

iSTEM

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. David Burghardt, Hofstra University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Conference, Chicago. 6. Helping Children Learn Mathematics. (2002). National Research Council. 7. Koch, J. & Burghardt, D. (2002). Design Technology in the Elementary School-A Study of Teacher Action Research. Journal of Technology Education, 13, 2. 8. Katehi, L., Pearson, G., Feder, M. A., Committee on K-12 engineering education., National Academy of Engineering & National Research Council (U.S.). (2009). Engineering in K-12 education: Understanding the status and improving the prospects. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press. 9. Klein, S. and R.D. Sherwood. (2005). Biomedical engineering and cognitive science as the basis for secondary science curriculum development: a three year study. School

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tolga Kaya, Central Michigan University; Kumar Yelamarthi, Central Michigan University; Brian P DeJong, Central Michigan University; Qin Hu, Central Michigan University; Shaopeng Cheng, Central Michigan University ; Steve Kettler, Alma High School; Daniel Chen, Central Michigan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Page 23.850.9whether you could simulate the video alignment by visually distorting the video images on asingle flat screen. I expected my RET team to implement the teleoperation (engineering studentand myself), design an experiment (whole team), run the experiment (teachers and student),analyze results (whole team), and write up our findings (whole team). I hoped to havedeliverables of experimental data, engineering-education or teacher-education conferencepaper(s) by the teachers, and research conference and/or journal paper by the student and/or me.There were some challenges working with the participants, as expected. For example, theteachers did not have the engineering background suited for designing communication, writingcode, wiring

Conference Session

Choice and Persistence in Engineering Education and Careers

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joanna Wolfe, Carnegie Mellon University; Beth A. Powell, Tennessee Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

representative of the broader engineering faculty population. Future research shouldalso survey faculty directly to find out the extent to which left-of-center grading is deliberatelyemployed since most of our knowledge of the practice is filtered through student perceptions.We also need research that can better understand the motivations of faculty who use the practice.Understanding these motivations can help researchers come up with viable alternatives to left-of-center grading.5. AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.1262274. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in thismaterial are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Priya Seshadri, Purdue University; Tahira N. Reid, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Joran W. Booth, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

and Development, PDesign, S˜ao Lu´ıs, pages 10–13, 2012.21 Susan Gasson. Human-centered vs. user-centered approaches. Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, 5(2):29–46, 2003.22 Dorothy Leonard and Jeffrey F Rayport. Spark innovation through empathic design. Harvard business review, 75:102–115, 1997.23 Joseph Lin and Carolyn Conner Seepersad. Empathic lead users: the effects of extraordinary user experiences on Page 24.51.18 customer needs analysis and product redesign. In ASME DETC Design Theory and Methodology Conference, 2007.24 Peter Landwehr. Empathic design vs

Conference Session

Diversity Redefined: Nontraditional Views in Traditional Environments

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary W. Behm, Rochester Institute of Technology (CAST); Antonio Francisco Mondragon, Rochester Institute of Technology/CINVESTAV

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

;Schueler‐Choukairi,T.2012,StudiesinSecondLanguageAcquisition,pp.35‐66.3.NationalCenterforEducationStatistics.Integratedpost‐secondaryeducationdatasystem,FallEnrollmentDatafile.s.l.:NCES,1999.4.Ninewaystoreducecognitiveloadinmultimedialearning.Mayer,R.E.,&Moreno,R.1,2003,EducationalPsychologist,Vol.38,pp.43‐52.5.Cognitiveconstraintsonmultimedialearning:WhenPresentingmorematerialresultsinlessunderstanding.Mayer,R.E.,Heiser,J.,&Lonn,S.1,2001,JournalofEducationalPsychology,Vol.93,pp.187‐198.6.Richtel,M.Multitaskinghurtsbrain’sabilitytofocus,scientistssay.Seattle:TheSeattleTimes,2010.Article.7.earningviadirectandmediatedinstructionbydeafstudents.Marschark,M.,Sapere,P.,Convertino,C.M.&Pelz,J.2008,JournalofDeafStudiesandDeafEducation,pp.446

Conference Session

BOK2 - Influencing Changes to the ABET Civil Engineering Program Criteria and Civil Engineering Curricula

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donald D. Carpenter, Lawrence Technological University; John V. Tocco JD, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Conference Session

Activities and Assessment for “Awkward ABET Outcomes”

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Kevin C Bower P.E., The Citadel; Ronald W. Welch, The Citadel; Douglas H. Fehrmann, The Krause Center for Leadership and Ethics, The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Drennan MSW, Centers for Disease Control ; Mary Y. Lanzerotti, Air Force Institute of Technology; Maggie Varga, Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education; Sean J Creighton, Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education; Derrick Langley, Air Force Institute of Technology; Diana Lynn Cahill, Air Force Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

capabilities are rooted in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics… For a variety of reasons, concerns have arisen over the future of both the military and civilian contingents of the Air Force’s STEM workforce. Emerging mission areas, particularly in the space and cyber domains, are expanding the need for new technical skills and expertise… A growing percentage of science and engineering graduates in the United States are foreign citizens and thus ineligible for the security clearances that many jobs in the Air Force and in the aerospace industry require. The existing STEM workforce is aging, with many individuals nearing retirement. Women and minorities are underrepresented in most S&E

Conference Session

Global Competency and What Makes a Successful Engineer

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy Healy, Georgia Institute of Technology; Lynn Charles Rathbun, National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, Cornell University

Tagged Divisions

International

Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2004.[3] National Academy of Engineering, Educating the Engineer of 2020, National Academy Press, Washington , DC, 2005.[4] G.E. Downey, J.C., Lucena, B.M. Moskal, R. Parkhurst, T. Bigley, C. hays, B.K. Jesiek, L. Kelly, J. Miller, S. Ruff, J.L. Lehr, A. Nichols-Belo, ”The Globally Competent Engineer: Working Effectively with People who Define Problems Differently”, Journal of Engineering Ed. Vol. 95, No. 2, pp.107-122.[5] National Academy of Engineering, Global Technology: Changes and Implications, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2011.[6] National Academy of Engineering, Infusing Real World Experiences into Engineering Education, National Academy Press

Conference Session

Assessment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Geoff Wright, Brigham Young University; Paul T Skaggs, Brigham Young University; Jacob Dean Wheadon, Purdue University; Clifton B. Farnsworth, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Carrico PE, Virginia Tech; Matthew Arnold Boynton PE, Virginia Tech; Holly M Matusovich, Virginia Tech; Marie C Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. ARC. n.d.; Available from: http://www.arc.gov/index.asp. Page 23.429.1316. Sarnoff, S., Central Appalachia--Still the Other America. Journal of Poverty, 2003. 7(1/2): p. 123.17. Whisnant, D.E. Hillbilly Highway: Appalachia and America. 1997; Available from: http://www.unc.edu/~whisnant/appal/.18. Tang, M. and K. Russ, Understanding and Facilitating Career Development of People of Appalachian Culture: An Integrated Approach. Career Development Quarterly, 2007. 56(1): p. 34-46.19. Cooper, C.A., H.G. Knotts, and K.L. Elders, A Geography of Appalachian Identity. Southeastern Geographer, 2011. 51(3): p. 457