Conference Session

Professional Papers

Collection

2025 ASEE Southeast Conference

Authors

Simon Thomas Ghanat P.E., The Citadel; Mostafa Batouli, The Citadel; William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Tess Doeffinger, The Citadel; Anthony Songer, Boise State University

Tagged Topics

Professional Papers

to think intensively and critically and to live ethically and morally. Dr. Batouli received Harry Saxe Teaching award in 2022 based on students’ votes and students evaluation of instruction. His previous research has resulted in more than 30 referred journal and conference publications as well as five research reports. His past research received major awards and honors including a third-place best poster award from the construction research congress and a Dissertation Year Fellowship from Florida International University in 2016.Dr. William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel William J. Davis is Dept. Head & D. Graham Copeland Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of Construction Engineering at The Citadel in

Conference Session

Professional Papers

Collection

2025 ASEE Southeast Conference

Authors

Sean Walker, University of South Alabama; Kari J Lippert, University of South Alabama

Tagged Topics

Professional Papers

complete a review by the Institutional ReviewBoard, to ensure that student privacy concerns and other ethical issues are addressed beforesurveys are distributed. The statistical analysis methods of means, materiality, and Cronbach’salpha will be used to assess the value of the survey. One of the challenges faced by the authors isfinding sufficient data to perform a statistical analysis. It may, in fact, take multiple academicyears to have statistically significant data. The survey itself will allow the authors to examine theimpact of the flipped classroom and the utilization of multiple faculty members in such a class.ConclusionsIn this Work-In-Progress paper, the authors have outlined the current research into the flippedclassroom, discussed the

Collection

2010 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Ryan Ferguson; Richard Lupa; Bradford Powers; Henry Whitney; Salah Badjou

understood, documented, and presented in both oral and written form. Emphasis is placed on research, innovation, project management, decision- making, prototyping, design for manufacturing, design for testability, environmental and ethical issues in design, depth and breadth of analysis, quality of hardware, documentation, and communications. Prerequisites: Junior Status; ELMC160 Electromechanical Design I; MECH302 Mechanics of Materials; ELEC244 Digital Systems; ELEC443 Analog Circuit DesignDesign Process The objectives are to design and construct a sensor-based, lightweight, and cost-effectivesolar tracker versatile enough to be used in a wide range of environments. For optimal suntracking, the

Collection

2025 Northeast Section Conference

Authors

Habibul Huq; Chayne Howard; Luke Brown; Raqibul Haque; Douglas Muratori; Mohammed Feroz Shaik; Danushka Bandara; Soyong Byun

collection. ○ Verified Saws: 56 The system would require greater flexibility for the ○ Expected Saws (Bio Dept. Annotations): 77 unpredictability of wild leopards, which could possibly be ● Performance Test #24 (After Optimization, Using mitigated by additional tools. The implementation in the wild Original Audio File): could also face logistical and ethical hurdles. Deploying technology in remote areas may raise concerns about human ○ Detected Noises: 11 impact on

Collection

2010 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Craig Johnson

the task. unacceptable. competently.Metric assessing operation: Compare time to baseline (%) Score:Awareness Time to identify the equipmentNote: baseline time set. related to sand preparation.Plan Time for a dry-run of what theNote: baseline time set. student plans to do in preparing the sand.Quality of work and ethics Percent of time spent on the process (vs. distractions).1/26/10 Craig Johnson cjohnson@cwu.edu Proceedings of the 2010 American Society for Engineering Education Zone IV Conference

Collection

2014 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Andriani Parastiwi; Taufik Taufik

Directorate General of DIKTI for providing the financialsupport for the MHPP project, and for the faculty visit SAME program to Cal Poly StateUniversity. Thank you also to all of Polinema research teams (faculty and students) for theirwork in finishing the project.Bibliography1. Mercer, P.Ponticell, J. (2012). Polytechnic Education – A Proposed Key to Regional Economic Development. Synesis: A Journal of Science, Technology, Ethics, and Policy 2012, T45-T51.2. Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and Education. Toronto: Collier-MacMillan Canada Ltd.3. Schanks, (1995). What We Learn When We Learn by Doing. Online at http://cogprints.org/637/1 /LearnbyDoing_Schank.html.4. Chen, X., Chase, J., Chase, J. , Wang, W. , Gaynor, P. , et al. (2010

Collection

2015 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Craig V. Baltimore; James Mwangi

, a mechanism was put in place for market place assessment over a 5 year span. This papergives an account of partnering in course development.MotivationThe more recent discussions in this partnering paradigm shift concern how industry could orshould influence curriculum. At the 2013 Conference of American Society for EngineeringEducation (ASEE), Chinchilla investigated the question as a matter of ethics and saving industrytraining costs 1. Ahzar et. al. noted how the academia-industry partnership can be used toadvance the knowledge base in construction management education 2. This paper demonstratesthe positive affect of an academic-industry partnership and how the curriculum and teaching is Proceedings of the 2015 American Society

Collection

2025 PNW Section Annual Meeting

Authors

Katherine Kuder; Joshua Hamel; Yen-Lin Han; Wesley Lauer; Michael Marsolek; Agnieszka Miguel; Teodora Shuman

skills (Criterion 6) while aligning withthe university’s mission.Each program incorporated DEI into coursework, student experiences, and professionalpreparation. Capstone design courses included microaggression and implicit bias training,ensuring students developed awareness of DEI in team dynamics. Civil Engineering engagedstudents through external speakers, DEI-focused discussions, and student-led skits, whileComputer and Electrical Engineering emphasized ethical responsibility and inclusive projectwork. Mechanical Engineering introduced an "inclusivity meter" to assess classroom climate andpiloted a course on inclusive design.Faculty development efforts were equally robust. Professors attended DEI training sessions andengaged in university

Collection

2025 Rocky Mountain Section Conference

Authors

Maila Hallare; Tanjore Jayaraman

extreme environments, to name a few. This paper is a collaboration between a mathematics professor and a mechanical engineering professor, combin-ing expertise in applied mathematics and mechanical engineering applications to create an innovative pedagogicalapproach that bridges the gap between mathematical theory and materials engineering practice.2.2 Connection to ASEE Themes and the USAFA Leader of Character FrameworkThis work contributes to the ASEE theme of Inclusive Teaching Pedagogy through: • Course Design: Integrating Laplace transforms as a fundamental tool for modeling non-steady-state diffusion in engineering materials. • Engineering Ethics and Professional Practice: Encouraging critical thinking beyond formula

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 5

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kiana Karami, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg; Xinwei Niu, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg; Rafic Bachnak, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

the final report, anumber of new sections need to be added, including: • Subsystem development/design • System Integration, testing, and results • Environmental and safety concerns • Legal, ethical, or political concerns • Sustainability, and • Expanded appendices.The instructor explains how each section can be developed and what resources the students canuse. However, the major portion of the designated time is intended to be used as lab time so thatstudents can work on their projects. Other than the lectures, the instructor meets with each groupseparately at least three times during the semester. The purpose of these meetings is for the teamto update the instructor on the progress of the project. Therefore, if any help is

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 4

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Reynolds, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Omar Ochoa, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

career roles. This concern makes job shadowing an ideal experiential learning program becauseit gives those a shadowing experience while not requiring the shadow participants to have theexpertise needed to perform tasks.A pertinent observation found in medical shadowing programs is that there are ethical concernswhen shadowing physicians during patient interactions [8] [9]. Namely, programs must considerensuring that participants follow confidentiality expectations. This concern can be handled byhaving students sign confidentiality agreements and complete HIPAA training. However, there arestill concerns that even if patients give informed consent to the student's presence, it may affect thehonesty of the interaction. Therefore, the potential

Conference Session

Design Thinking and Student Design Teams

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natalie C.T. Van Tyne, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Tahsin Mahmud Chowdhury, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Dayoung Kim, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Juan David Ortega Álvarez, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University / Universidad EAFIT; Michelle Soledad, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

. A global engineer and researcher, Tahsin is an advocate and ally for better inclusion in STEM and beyond.Dr. Dayoung Kim, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Dayoung Kim is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Education at Virginia Tech. She is broadly interested in engineering practice (e.g., practices and experiences of engineers in various employment settings, such as business organizations), engineering ethics (e.g., social responsibility of engineering professionals), and related policy concerns. Through her research, she aims to identify how best to support innovative and ethical practice of engineers in business settings through education and science & technology

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tobi West, Dakota State University

and educational technology tools tomaintain the campers’ interest.Ancillary benefits included relationships established with local FBI representatives, local middleschool and high school teachers, industry professionals working in technology roles, and hightechnology professional organizations. New ideas and opportunities have emerged from theserelationships as well.4.2. GenCyber Girls camp and workshop eventsPrior to the on-campus workshops, virtual meetings provided an overview of cybersecurityconcepts, ethics, online safety, and a professional speakers panel. At Coastline’s GenCyber Girlscamp, students examined digital evidence using industry tools to locate suspicious activityrelated to the purchase of tiger cubs in a mock case. In teams

Conference Session

International Division (INTL) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Md Sakib Ullah Sourav, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, China; Cristina Diordieva, Nanyang Technological University; Ribhav Galhotra, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Shahid Md. Asif Iqbal, Premier University, Chattogram, Bangladesh

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

participant chosen for purposeful sampling has the capacity toexplain a certain theme, idea, or experience [22]. Consequently, the data was collected from atotal of eight students. Five undergraduate students were in their first year of study, and threewere in their second year, majoring in computer science and electrical engineering at a privateBangladeshi University. All ethical considerations were maintained by the fifth author accordingto the institutional requirement. After removing the identities to maintain privacy and anonymity,the fifth author collected and shared data. He then shared it with the first and second authors forthe analysis.Data AnalysisFollowing the semi-structured interviews' topic order, the data was analyzed. Two

Conference Session

Continuing Professional Development Division (CPD) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles E. Baukal Jr., Oklahoma Baptist University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development Division (CPD)

]. Gen Y (born 1980 – 1996) and Gen Z (born 1997 – 2010s) workers aremostly leaving for non-financial reasons (ethical, cultural, relational and personal factors) [16].Some of the suggested reasons are related to employers and work cultures. For example, someare leaving because of toxic corporate cultures [17]. While this is not a new phenomenon, lowemployment makes it much easier to leave toxic workplaces. Some are leaving because of thelack of opportunities at their previous employers [18]. With low unemployment and remoteworking, many more opportunities are available that may not have previously been an option.Some other reasons that have been suggested include:  Those who got COVID are much more likely to quit [19],  New skills

Conference Session

Engineering Management Division (EMD) Tech Session 3: Engineering Management — From Classroom to Practice

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Kassa, University of Kansas; Monica Perrin, Arizona State University; Tolulope Ibilola Ogundare; Brian Lines, The University of Kansas; Jake Smithwick, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Kenneth Timothy Sullivan, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management Division (EMD)

members treatedRelationships each other with respect and appreciation). We laughed together, joked, poked fun good naturedly, and sharedHumor lighthearted moments. The team exercised perseverance, resilience, didn't get down, mood didn't getGrit down, kept trying, even keeled, drive, work ethic, avoided burnout.Problem Solving The team was effective at overcoming challenges. The team had a solid approach to identifying, planning for, and minimizingRisk Management risks to the project.Innovation/ The team used creativity and outside-the-box-thinking to improve theCreativity project.Collaboration

Conference Session

Engineering Economy Division (EED) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert P. Leland, Oral Roberts University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy Division (EED)

course exposes a large percentage ofengineering students to actual business activity, and does so in a way that engages them inmaking a positive impact, addressing ABET outcome 2: an ability to apply engineering design toproduce solutions that meet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, andwelfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors [14]. Trainingin microfinance also prepares graduates to address NSPE Code of Ethics item III.2.a Engineersare encouraged to participate in civic affairs; career guidance for youths; and work for theadvancement of the safety, health, and well-being of their community [15]. In a broader sense,the perception of engineers as making the world a better place is

Conference Session

International Division (INTL) Technical Session #4: Global DEI

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mudasser Fraz Wyne, National University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

willbenefit the host institution the most. This means that the applicant needs to get involved indiscussion and negotiation about the visit dates so that the visit is beneficial for the host institution.It is always beneficial if you have any prior contact and understanding with the Dean and/orDepartment chair of the host institution, if they are familiar with your work, work ethic, andcapabilities then agreeing on the visit dates, and project details is easy step and can be veryproductive. This initial contact can also help you discuss specific activities that you might beinterested in conducting during your visit to the host institution. In your application, you need to explain how relevant or beneficial your work will be for thehost institution

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Division (ETD) Technical Session 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hugh Jack P. Eng., Western Carolina University; Adam Harris, Western Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology Division (ETD)

, culminating in a senior capstoneproject for industry partners. This interdisciplinary approach enables students to developprofessional skills in project management, ethics, design, teamwork, and more through hands-onprojects. With diverse team compositions, students focus on various technical aspects, such asComputer-Aided Design (CAD), 3D printing, assembly, testing, electrical, and softwarecomponents.This paper highlights the incorporation of an Internet of Things (IoT) platform into the second-year PBL course. Students were introduced to a low-cost ($6) microcontroller with wirelessinternet access and provided with prototype Python programs. These programs enabled studentsto create their own wireless access points and simple web servers

Conference Session

Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 7

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sourojit Ghosh, University of Washington, Seattle; Sarah Marie Coppola, University of Washington, Seattle

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

recuperate around. Similarly, Jenny and Warren appreciated being able tospend additional time with their families in times of celebration and religious/cultural holidays,and still be able to attend class. Such ‘informal’ accommodations also allowed them to avoidgoing through official channels and University services for getting accommodations, whichmight often be slow and backed up under high volumes of requests. These, combined with otherexperiences of students where the option of joining remotely meant that they could safely attendclass when they were unwell or did not have reliable travel options, speaks highly of the equityprovided by the HyFlex modality. Such a modality allowed us to practice ethics of care towardsstudents’ physical and

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division (CONST) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raissa Seichi Marchiori, University of Alabama; Siyuan Song, The University of Alabama; Sepehr Khorshid, University of Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering Division (CONST)

executed to ensure safe and ethical treatment for the respondents, as theyare treated as a subject. To follow IRB ethics, the interview and the discussion were confidentialand completely voluntary. The interview started by distributing a sheet asking their job title andfour questions about their company: What is the number of employees in your company? What isyour company type? Which sector does your company work in? For how long has your companybeen using BIM? Following that, a 1-hour panel discussion started, and the interviewer askedquestions about the implementation of BIM in their company. Some of the questions includedthe following (Table 1).Table 1: Interview and discussion questions Question Question Number Q.1 Which solutions does

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Integration at the Program Level

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alice Huang; Nava Bozorgmehri; Alexander Broome; Peyton Elise Carter; Hayoung Cho; Jaxen Farrell; Jane Ginley; William Kaeul Gotanda; Margaret Hynes; Charles Patrick Neill; Owen Pett; Will Purnell; Eliana Jean Razzino; Olivia Lane Remcho; Vanessa Rigoglioso; Cyrus Rosen; Ellen Ryan; Mary Katherine Serpe; William Sweeney; Avneet Hira, Boston College; Gabriella Maria Bachiochi

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

,pedagogical and student experiences. Similarly, with a focus on an engineering thermodynamics course,Riley [5] motivates the use of liberative pedagogies in engineering education by relating pedagogy tostudents’ prior experiences, student responsibility and authority, including ethics and policy, decenteringwestern knowledge systems.Institutional and Data Collection ContextThe student co-authors of this paper, who are currently in their sophomore year, are enrolled in anundergraduate engineering program developed around the intellectual theme of “human-centered”engineering. The program integrates the university’s liberal arts curriculum with an experientialengineering curriculum emphasizing societal responsibility.For the liberal arts requirement of

Conference Session

Improving Retention & Self-Efficacy through Experiential Learning and Research Programs

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charmane Caldwell, Florida A&M University - Florida State University; Reginald J. Perry, Florida A&M University - Florida State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division (CEED)

the academic year, allows sophomores to seniors the ability to participate in one offour different tracks: Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Industry, Research, or EngineeringProjects in Community Service (EPICS). Students spend one day a week in meetings learninggeneral topics: user-centered engineering design, engineering ethics, project management,teamwork, technical presentations, etc. Depending on the track students select, they wouldparticipate in additional technical skill sessions to assist with their specific projects. The sessionsare designed to provide instruction in various technical topics directly related to their project orinterest. Student groups meet outside of the normal meetings to work on their projects as a teamand/or with

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles Riley, Oregon Institute of Technology; Dave Kim, Washington State University-Vancouver; Ken Lulay, University of Portland; John Lynch, Washington State University

Paper ID #37931Work in Progress: Supporting Engineering LaboratoryReport Writing with Modules Targeted for InstructorsCharles Riley (Professor) Professor and Graduate Program Director Civil Engineering Department Oregon Institute of Technology I conduct research in diverse areas of engineering education from professional skills, to writing, to gender and ethics. I also maintain a structures laboratory to conduct full-scale structural component testing and field investigations of highway bridges.Dave Kim Dr. Dave Kim is Professor and Mechanical Engineering Program Coordinator in the School of Engineering and

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 13: Work-in-Progress Postcard Session #2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Qudsia Tahmina, The Ohio State University at Marion

Engineering.Fundamentals of Engineering I Curriculum: Topics in this course include engineering problem-solving, introductory programming, technical communication, engineering ethics, and teamwork. Utilizing engineering tools to analyze data and solve real-world problems is an important aspect of the course. Data analysis involved arrays, logical and relational operators, graphing techniques for single or multiple datasets in Microsoft Office Excel. Basics of programming, referencing and memory addressing are taught in this course using MATLAB to enhance students’ ability to code and develop algorithms. As a comprehensive exercise, a design project is assigned to assess learning. In addition to analytical skills, the First-Year programs cover a wide variety of

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 4- COVID and Virtual Learning

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Smith, Colorado School of Mines; Juan Lucena, Colorado School of Mines; Angelina Rivera, Colorado School of Mines

) engineering education, with a focus on socioeconomic class and social responsibility. She is the author of Extracting Accountability: Engineers and Corporate Social Responsibility (MIT Press, 2021) and Mining Coal and Undermining Gender: Rhythms of Work and Family in the American West (Rutgers University Press, 2014), which were funded by the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the British Academy. In 2016 the National Academy of Engineering recognized her Corporate Social Responsibility course as a national exemplar in teaching engineering ethics. Professor Smith holds a PhD in Anthropology and a certificate in Women’s Studies from the University of Michigan and bachelor’s degrees in

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Butkus, United States Military Academy; Ariana Hinckley-Boltax, Tufts University; Kathryn Newhart, United States Military Academy; Andrew Pfluger, United States Military Academy

escape rooms have teams solve a problem using puzzles, clues, and hints ina limited amount of time. Two escape rooms were developed for seniors in our environmentalengineering program. The first escape room was centered on a hazardous waste incinerationproblem that included, the Ideal Gas Law, gaussian dispersion, and risk assessment. This escaperoom was used in our Solid and Hazardous Waste course to help our seniors prepare for theFundamentals of Engineering Exam. It was also piloted with two faculty teams during a summerteaching seminar. The second escape room was built around an engineering ethics case study inour capstone design course, which will be discussed in the companion paper. Assessment andevaluation of these exercises revealed that

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 1: Adapting to COVID and other Design Challenges

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather Orser; Tiffany Ling, University of St. Thomas

Requirements Team demonstrated how the final solution satisfied the sponsor requirements (or explained the test plans created to evaluate the requirements) 6. Professionalism The team exhibited an excellent grasp of how ethics and codes/licensure affected (or would affect) their project.Figure 1 – Design show grading instructions prior to 2021In reviewing this meeting and assessing the purpose of the faculty meeting, it became clear thatthis meeting could be combined with the faculty grading into a verification meeting for 2021.The purpose of the verification meeting would be for teams to focus on the technical details oftheir work with their reviewers. These meetings were relatively brief, typically less than 30minutes, and focused on

Conference Session

WIED: Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Callie Miller, James Madison University; Daniel Castaneda, James Madison University; Melissa Aleman, James Madison University

social locations of educators greatly shapes their experiences andthe disproportionate harms of the pandemic to women and people of color may likewise shapethe pattern of faculty exit from the academy in the face of untenable work-life experiences[McClure & Fryar, 2022]. Collaborative autoethnography can play an important role inhighlighting not only the multi-faceted and different gendered challenges that engineeringeducators faced during the pandemic, but also in demonstrating strategies faculty used tocultivate meaningful and inclusive relationships that served to create an ethic of care in the faceof institutional chaos.Collaborative autoethnography not only has the potential to shed light on the multi-facetedcharacter of an experience

Conference Session

Statics Fanatics 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Luke Fredette, Cedarville University; Michael Kennedy, Cedarville University

introducing some measure of the complexity of the“real-world” design problems they will face in industry. It is critical to expose students to natureto ground them in reality, making them useful in the practical context of engineering practice.Although disagreement undoubtedly abounds in precisely defining the most important aspects oflaboratory or project learning, Fiesel and Rosa have provided a series of useful objectives,including experience with instrumentation, models, experimentation, data analysis, design,learning from failure, creativity, psychomotor skills, safety, communication, teamwork, ethics inthe laboratory, and sensory awareness [6]. These criteria provide a useful framework forevaluating and improving PBL element of coursework