between work and heat is that work can always be converted completely to heat but that only a fraction of work can ever be transferred to heat. For that reason alone, we can argue that of the two forms, work is the “higher value” form of energy transfer. More on this with the second law introduction later. So taking B as Energy in our Reynolds Transport Equation we can write the First law of Thermodynamics so :- Q% / W% - (m% e) in / (m% e) out - E% gen ? E% CV First Law of Thermodynamics Net Energy accumulated in theDirect Energy
-agree (or True) or D-disagree (or False) is given in front of each question.Q#4: I would rather bet 1 to 6 on a long shot than 3 to 1 on a probable winner. (A)33% of Freshmen and Sophomores agreed to the statement while 77% of Juniors and Seniorsagreed with this statement (p < 0.0002)Q#5: The way to understand complex problems is to be concerned with their larger aspects insteadof breaking them into smaller pieces. (A)32% of Freshmen and Sophomores agreed to the statement while 77% of Juniors and Seniorsagreed with this statement (p < 0.0002)Q#6: I get pretty anxious when I am in a social situation over which I have no control. (D)58% of Freshmen and Sophomores disagreed to the statement while 27% of Juniors and Seniorsdisagreed with this
components at the nodes. Implement quiver to visualize the electric field distribution due to a uniform straight line charge of finite length l and total charge Q placed along the x-axis in free space. Although the analytical solution is available in this case, given by cos cos sin sin for the situation shown in Fig. 1, the electric field vector at each node of the mesh should be computed by vector numerical integration of elementary fields due to equivalent point charges
the ones in the past.The indirect assessment was done using course evaluations at the end of the semester. The courseevaluation is a set of eighteen questions that students answer using an agreement scale (5=strongly agree, 4= agree, 3=neutral, 2= disagree, 1= strongly disagree). These questions aregrouped into six categories. Four of the eighteen questions and two of the six categories wereused to assess students’ satisfaction with the course and, specifically, the RGM project. Theresults per year are presented in Table 2. Table 2: Results of the project assessment using mean scores of course evaluations. First Three RGM Question (Q) / Category (C
Battalion at Hunter Army Airfield, Savannah, Georgia. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 A Helicopter Flight Laboratory Experience in an Undergraduate Helicopter Aeronautics CourseList of SymbolsA Rotor Disk Area Q Torqueb Number of Blades R Rotor Radiusc Blade Chord Vmp Speed for Minimum PowerCdo Mean Profile Drag Coefficient Vmr Speed for Maximum RangeClα Section Lift Curve Slope 𝜆𝜆i Rotor Induced Inflow RatioCpi Induced Power Coefficient 𝜆𝜆h Rotor Induced Inflow
(θ2) f2 = xB*xB + yB*yB s = a*sin(θ2) for θ2 = 0 to 360 f = sqrt(f2) f2 = r*r + s*s Q = cos(θ2) γ = atan2(yB, -xB) δ = acos((A - f2)/B) A = K3 - K1 - (K2 - 1)*Q β = acos((f2+C)/(2*f*c)) g = b – c*cos(δ) B = -2*sin(θ2); θ4 = π – (γ + β); h = c * sin(δ) C = K3 + K1 - (K2 + 1)*Q xC = c*cos(θ4); θ3 = atan2(h*r - g*s,g*r + h*s) D = K5 - K1 + (K4 + 1)*Q yC = c*sin(θ4); θ4 = θ3 + δ
inpreparation for accumulating the next sum. Each such stage forms the sum of M products. Div. M ROM Reg. addx Q AX DX D Q co SynClear so Reg. RAM ADM D Q Div. M−1 WR Load addy Q AX next
whereadded to the robot’s repertoire as new problems required them (e.g., count the number of facecards in the deck) but the basic pick up from the top, put back on the top was not changed. It wasin this manner that counters, conditionals, and loops were introduced. The syntax of thecommands was agreed upon by the students and the only requirements were that the commandsmust be elementary and non-ambiguous. The students were presented with problems that couldnot be solved using a single S robot and asked to find the minimum number of such machinesthat were required to solve the problem. Then Q robots were introduced – pick from front ofdeck, put down at end of deck. More complicated problems were assigned and the groupspresented a variety of
, temperature and electrical current and voltage in the PTAC experiments (left). Their results suggested a violation of the First Law of Thermodynamics (right). Page 11.963.6When the PTAC is considered as a control volume, the First Law of Thermodynamics can bewritten for the unit as P - Q% in / Q% out / KE% net ? 0 (2)where Q% is the rate that heat is taken into the PTAC from the air, Q% is the rate that heat is in outrejected from the PTAC, and KE% net represents the net change
performance correspond to thefollowing a through k ABET Program Outcomes. ABET a- Q 1 ABET b- Q 9 ABET d- Q 2 and 3 ABET e- Q 10 ABET f- Q 6, 7, 8, 11, and 12 ABET g- ReportThe Employer Assessment of Academic Preparation shown in Figure 2 are also designed tocollect data on the ABET a through k criteria. The 12 box scores cover 10 of the Criteria – athrough i and k. Criteria b on experimentation was split into two categories since their ability toanalyze and interpret data may be vary more due to their academic classification (Sophomoresvs. Seniors). Criteria g was also split to provide additional feedback on their writtencommunication vs. oral communication preparation. Criteria j feedback on knowledge
) Angle of Attack radians beta (β) Sideslip Angle radians u x-component of velocity feet/second v y-component of velocity feet/second w z-component of velocity feet/second p Angular roll rate radians/second q Angular pitch rate radians/second r Angular yaw rate radians/second phi (φ) Roll angle radians theta (θ) Pitch angle radians psi (ψ) Yaw angle radians A State matrix B
average score was 3.66.While the students displayed their belief in the importance of intuition, they also displayedoverwhelming support for the teaching styles implemented in the course that were designed tocater to visual learning. When asked the importance being able to visualize concepts as theylearn, the total average score was above 3.6. Q: I feel that developing intuition for control is important Figure 3.1: Student Feedback on importance of developing intuition for Controls When asked questions on how the students preferred to be introduced to concepts in ControlSystems, the results were in favor of engaging techniques such as visual, hands-on activities, 3Dpuzzles, and communication-based exercises, as each
specific course learning objective. The student assigns one ifhe/she strongly agrees with the statement and 5 if he/she strongly disagrees. It may be noted thatthe developed method can be used not only for evaluating student outcome f but also the courseitself. Table 3: ETME 1300: Computer Graphics - Assessment Method (Mapping) P Direct Assessment Learning ri Indirect Objectives/ m Assessment/ Remarks Student a Q Q Q Q Q Survey
formulated and solved by linear programming [6].• Inventory Models. An objective of the economic lot size model is to define an inventorymanagement policy of minimum cost. As suggested by the parameters “Q” and “t” in Figure 2,the inventory manager is interested in determining “How much?” and “When?” certain stockedmaterial should be replenished. In general, the optimal inventory level is dependent on customerdemand, while the costs of producing and holding inventory are balanced off against oneanother. The cost impact of inventory shortfalls (shortages) adds a further degree of complexityto the model. Page 9.521.3 Proceedings of the 2004
conductivity 25W/(m×K) and have a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 8 cm. If air at 22°C is blown over the finarray at 4.5 m/s, determine the surface temperature of the circuit board.Problem 2 (50 pts)We wish to determine the radiation heat transfer to a turkey cooking in an oven. The oven is acube of dimensions L x L x L. The turkey may be modeled as a sphere of diameter D 1 at atemperature T1 with emissivity e1. The top and bottom of the oven have heating elements thatare each producing a heat flux of q¢coils ¢ and have an emissivity ecoil. Two side walls areadiabatic, while the other two side walls are exposed to room air at T room with convective heattransfer coefficient hroom. All four side walls have an
magnitude of the voltage or electrical “pressure” supplied to the circuit is analogous to thewater level in TANK A. The adjustable gate valve that meters the flow of water and reduces thepressure on the downstream side represents the resistor in the circuit, R. The on/off switch is thesolenoid valve, and the empty tank, TANK B, is the capacitor (uncharged or empty) prior tofilling. The electrical current flowing through the circuit, i, is simply the water flowing throughthe pipe.So the valve setting (or magnitude of resistance R and the tank diameter or capacitance, C bothinfluence the charging (or filling) rate of the capacitor. Recall that a capacitor stores andelectrical charge, q given by the equation, Q = CV where Q is the total charge across
-Library of ISU. This indirect and Internet-based approach ofproviding information to the students created a situation where students were encouraged towork together to interpret the various memos, and sort and differentiate the necessaryinformation from other irrelevant and something less than clear information. In addition tothe project package, an optimization (LINGO) tutorial session as well as two Q&A sessionswere provided to help students comprehend and conduct their project better. We note that LINGO is mathematical programming software used to solve the project Page 22.1003.6problem [10]. Specifically, students formulated and solved a
defineddifferently for the two systems. We have COPHP = QH Q q = H = H Wnet Wnet w net COPRef Q Q = L = L = L q Wnet Wnet w netIn the geothermal industry, some confusion exits since the phrase “underground heat pump”refers to a system that sometimes operates as a refrigerator and sometimes as a heat pump. Idealoperation of a heat pump or refrigerator occurs when they operate on the basis of a Carnot cycleand we have
costs, holding costs and shortage costswith stochastic demand and lead times. The problem required students to determine a (Q, R) policy.Demand was not specified and had to be determined from samples acquired at a cost.In order to obtain demand data, the students filled in the number of demand samples desired on theaction form and submitted the request. Data was randomly generated, based on the stored problemspecific parameters, and displayed along with summary statistics (see Figure 2 for a depiction).After digesting the sampled data, the student could (1) request more data, (2) enter a solution, or (3)exit the system to return later. Students could leave the system, in order to analyze and ponder, anynumber of times for any length of time
shaft speedYou are to determine the engine operating parameters as the engine fuel rate is decreased in10% increments back to 50% fuel flow (i.e., operating parameters for 90, 80, 70, 60, and 50% Page 4.272.2fuel flows). Compressor and turbine characteristics are as provided in Figs. 2 and 3. Providesummary of operating parameters, computer program, sample calculation, and discussion ofresults. q To3=2000 R Work out = 500 hp ηc=84% ηt=90
reported no difference between the pre- and post-test survey, a0 was given for that question. If a student reported a negative difference between the pre- andpost-test survey, a -1 was given for that question. The tallies were added up and a positive sumcorresponded to a positive progression, a sum of 0 corresponded to no progression, a negativesum corresponded to a negative progression. More formally: s = student c = construct Q(c, s)ij = numerically scaled Likert response matrix for each student and construct n(c) = number of questions in a constructFor each student in a construct, a score is calculated through Eq. 1 as: n
Foundation of China for Innovative Research Page 22.377.9Group (No. 50921002), the project of the construction point of the national special discipline, the project of the national teaching group and the China Education Ministry Key Lab OpenProject (CPEUKF08-08).Reference[1] X-X ZHANG, Y-M Zhao, J-T Liu, et al. Mineral processing education in China. XXV International Mineral Processing Congress, September 6-10, 2010, Brisbane, Australia: 3095-3098.[2] Y-Q He, Y-M Zhao, J-T Liu, et al. Exerting the advantages of national key discipline, outstanding the training of engineering
analysis textbooks (cf.Chapra and Canale, 1998). For this example the authors have written their own version, but robustFORTRAN and ANSI C codes can be readily found in several public domain libraries.The solution to the set of non-linear ordinary differential equations is attained via a FORTRANprogram (“reactor.for”). This program can be run as an interactive program or on a batch mode viaan input file. The approach chosen here is the use of an input file, "reactor.ini," which defines thereactor operating conditions (cf. Fig. 4), i.e., q Inlet temperature q Inlet volumetric flow rate q Total Pressure q Inlet butene molar fraction q Dilution ratio (oxygen/butene
52 32% VQQ 63 38% VQV 1 1% VQVQ 7 4% Q 7 4% QQ 11 7% QQV 2 1% Did not view media or complete assessment 5 3% TOTAL 164 100% Q: Attempt at online assessment/quiz
governed by the diffusion-like partialdifferential equation in the drawdown s(r, t)9 ∂ 2 s 1 ∂s K ′ S ∂s + − s= (7) ∂r 2 r ∂r Tb′ T ∂twhere T = Kb is the transmissivity of the pumped aquifer. K’ and K are respectively thehydraulic conductivities of the aquitard and pumped aquifer. Parameters b’ and b are theassociated thicknesses and S is storage coefficient of the aquifer. Here the spatial variable r hasbeen employed because of radial symmetry. Well Q Initial Piezometric Permeable layer Surface
of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2005, American Society for Engineering Education Table 1. Results from Fall 2004 fluid mechanics course evaluation compared to instructor’s historical averages (4.00 scale). This Historical Evaluation Questions Course Average Q 1-7 Organization and presentation effectiveness; answering questions; use of examples; 3.64 3.37 presentation
followingintermediate parameterization of coefficients8 is taken , Q = (3a2 − a12 ) / 9 , (10a) R = (9a1a2 − 27a3 − 2a13 ) / 54 , (10b)and D ≡ Q3 + R2 . (10c)The “discriminant factor”, for the cubic polynomial D, will dictate the type of solutionspossible8. For D negative, all roots are real; while for D positive, only one root is real while theother two are complex. If D is zero, there will be repeated roots. Using symbolic mathematicalmethods, one can show, through substitution of (9) into (10), both Q and D are negative
athletic fields on campus. Each student group was responsible fordesigning a means of measuring the angle of inclination to the highest point of the rocket flightso that right angle trigonometry could be used to find the height achieved by the rocket. Thefigure below shows the variables involved. The distance D was found using a Bushnell YardagePro Compact 600 Laser Range Finder. Each group had to design and build a means ofmeasuring the angle of inclination q. A typical design is shown in figure 7 on the followingpage. D= distance from final position of rocket to person measuring angle q= angle of rocket above the ground H= height of rocket above ground
equations are converted to a set of algebraic equations using a weighted integral statement (e.g., weak-form Galerkin and least-squares formulation). For example, a weak-form Galerkin formulation of the governing equations, Eq. 1–2, can be stated as: find the solution {u, p} ∈ S h such that for all {w, q} ∈ V h the following equation is satisfied: Z ∂u w· ρ + ρu · ∇u − ρg − (∇ · w)p dΩ Ω ∂t Z − ∇q · u dΩ + (suitable stability terms) ZΩ = {w · (−pI + τ ) · n
ceiling at42,950 feet (i.e., when specific excess power equals 100 feet per minute).A velocity versus load factor (V-n) diagram was constructed using the calculated stall velocity,given load limits5, and the calculated dynamic pressure (q) limit. At sea level, the q limit isdefined as the dynamic pressure corresponding to the maximum level velocity where thrustavailable equals the thrust required. This value of dynamic pressure is used at other altitudes anddensities to solve for the corresponding Mach number. The data indicates a similar method wasused to obtain the q limit of the published data. The calculated T-38 V-n diagrams for sea leveland 15,000 feet are shown in Figure 6. Proceedings of the