Conference Session

Mechanical and Architectural Engineering Laboratories

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Toyama, Texas A&M University at Qatar; Reza Sadr, Texas A&M University at Qatar

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

is upheld by localaccreditation schemes, reliant on strictly planned and adhered curriculums. Page 15.739.4The generalized Regional accreditation scheme, as described by Thompson,5 require strictadherence to a highly structured and pre-set curriculum. This curriculum regulated modelincreases the difficulties in enabling faculty to make minor changes within the class withouthaving to pass through an accreditation review panel. It does, however, clearly set a measurablemetric by which all programs can be judged, one reason for its popularity.Outcome based accreditation programs on the other hand such as ABET differ in that minimalguidelines

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kejia Li, Kansas State University; Steve Warren, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

for the students by software already provided by theinstructor (Obj. 7 – Calculate calibration coefficients …), or objectives that were not emphasizedas much as previously planned (Obj. 8 – Counteract the effects …). When asked, “Do any other‘learned objectives’ stand out as skills or abilities that you now possess based upon your pulseoximetry laboratory experience?” one student responded, “I know better how different artifactsare introduced into the signal.” Table 1. Learning Objectives Survey ResultsOn a scale of 1 to 5, note your level of ability with respect to the following learning objectives both before and afterthe laboratory experience, where “1” means no ability/understanding and “5” means high

Conference Session

Think Outside the Box! K-12 Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Courtney Bonuccelli, Washington State University; Denny Davis, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

performance design choices. This paper describes a current engineering problem, provides details of the activities, andpresents evidence for impacts on high school students. Students’ attitudes about mathematics and Page 15.961.2science are revealed, as are their confidence related to doing mathematics and science. Data alsoshows what students enjoyed, learned, and/or would change after participating in the lesson. Afull lesson plan, activity description, and implementation instructions, with lesson worksheets areavailable upon request.Introduction The CREAM (Culturally Relevant Engineering Applications in Mathematics) programwas

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles Remeikas, University of Central Florida; Sagar Chowdhury, University of Oklahoma; Piyamas Saengsuri, University of Oklahoma; Xiaojun Geng, California State University, Northridge; Yunjun Xu, University of Central Florida; Chen Ling, University of Oklahoma; Zahed Siddique, University of Oklahoma

. Later evaluation of the system through survey and interview revealed a number ofdesign issues associated with how the online system is rendered. Therefore, the intended benefitin the online GIVE system has not been fully reaped due to the current design issues, andimplementation and evaluation methods. The team plans to redesign the online module accordingstudent’s feedback and comments and conduct the implementation and evaluation more in abetter way.Also, the study showed that most students in these three groups were active, sensing, visual, andsequential learners, which agrees with previous study [1]. To motivate students who are learningengineering concepts, the mechanical engineering program should allow more time for studentsto perceive

Conference Session

Collaborative Projects in Architectural Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Symans, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Mark Mistur, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Bruce Danziger, ARUP

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

ten-day travel-study program in Spain. Furthermore, a briefdiscussion on plans for formal assessment of the travel-study workshop is provided, primarily inrelation to the ability of the students to function well in multi-disciplinary teams as both leadersand contributors.Early Development of the Bedford ProgramThe Bedford Program was established as the result of a gift to Rensselaer Polytechnic Instituteby Clay Patrick Bedford, a 1924 alumnus of Rensselaer. Clay Bedford had a distinguishedcareer with Kaiser Industries where he rose to become President of Kaiser Aerospace andElectronics Corporation. At Kaiser, he played major roles in a number of large-scaleconstruction projects including the Boulder, Grand Coulee, and Bonneville Dams. He

Conference Session

Information and Network Security

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hetal Jasani, Northern Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Information Systems

activities in wireless networks.Hands-on labs are selected such a way that students learn all following topics. The topicscovered are2, 4: Wireless LAN Devices and Standards, IEEE 802.11 Physical Layer Standards, IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control and Network Layer Standards, Planning and Building a Wireless LAN, Conducting a Site Survey, Wireless LAN Security and Vulnerabilities, Implementing Wireless LAN Security, Managing a Wireless LAN, Network Settings and Wireless LAN Troubleshooting, Personal, Metropolitan, and Wide Area Wireless NetworksSample Hands-on LabsFor the wireless networking hands-on labs, students use several networking devices such asrouters, computers, cables, Linksys wireless router, Cisco

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Klingbeil, Wright State University; Byron Newberry, Oklahoma Christian University of Science and Arts; Anthony Donaldson, California Baptist University; Joan Ozdogan, Chantilly High School Academy

experiment utilized computer data acquisition.Preliminary Student FeedbackA survey was administered in the last week of the ENGR-1113 course to collect self-reportedfeedback from all students in the class. The primary questions on the survey are listed below.Additionally, free form comments were solicited, as was general information about the student’smathematics training prior to this course. A detailed correlation of the feedback results to thestudent’s math history is planned in 2010. • Question Q1: The course has increased my motivation to study engineering • Question Q2: The course has increased my chances of success in engineering • Question Q3: The course has increased my motivation to study math • Question Q4: The

Conference Session

Technological Literacy and K-12 Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Geoff Wright; Braden Boss, Springville High School; Daniel Bates, Brigham Young University; Ronald Terry, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

withprofessional development and curriculum materials. A second approach has been to use lessexpensive curricula, such as the Utah Plan (a state developed basic engineering educationcurriculum), or to incorporate engineering and technology material within existing courses.Although these efforts made by Massachusetts and Utah are moves in the right direction, sadlythey are not representative of a national effort to include more technology and engineering in theK-12 environment. Page 15.206.4On a national level, No Child Left Behind calls for enhancement of education throughtechnology and increased technology funding. But, there is still much progress to be

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Musa Jouaneh, University of Rhode Island; William Palm, University of Rhode Island

15.1157.3from the User-Interface Program.User-Interface ProgramA screen shot of the developed Windows-based User-Interface Program is shown in Fig. 2. TheUser-Interface Program was designed to serve as the user-interface for all the experiments thatare planned to be performed in this project. The User-Interface Program was developed in VisualBasic Express 2008, and it communicates with the embedded program on the PIC18F4550microcontroller through either a serial or USB connection. The embedded program wasdeveloped in C using PICC compiler from CCS, Inc. The User-Interface Program transfers theexperiment settings to the PIC microcontroller, provides monitoring and control of theexperiment progress, retrieves the data collected after the experiment is

Conference Session

Frontiers in Engineering Economy

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ted Eschenbach, TGE Consulting

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

Ch. 16 Short-term liabilities Ch. 17 Planning & control Ch. 18 Corporate restructuringPages of interest rate tables 32 01 8 18The exemplar finance text is topically more comprehensive than the exemplar engineeringeconomy text, however the engineering economy text has much more detailed models of whatare the economics of an engineering project. The larger number of problems for the engineeringeconomy text suggests that more problems are

Conference Session

Computational Tools and Simulation II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicholas Roberts, Vanderbilt University; Greg Walker, Vanderbilt University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. Bentley, R.W. Carpick, D. Stone, G.C. Lisensky, and S.M. Condren, “Incorporating concepts of nanotechnology into the materials science and engineering classroom and laboratory”, in Proceedings of the 2003 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition. ASEE, 2003. [4] R. Hayne, “Beyond vhdl simulation to on-chip testing”, ASEE, 2008. [5] J. Watkins, G. Piper, K. Wedeward, and E. Mitchell, “Computer animation: A visualization tool for dynamic system simulations”, ASEE. [6] T. Fisher, M. McLennan, J. Lukes, G. Walker, L. Shi, M.P. Menguc, S.V. Garimella, C.P. Grigoropoulos, and J. Murthy, “Report from the 2007 thermalhub community planning work- shop”, https://thermalhub.org/resources/35, Jan

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Outside the Classroom

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Bowler, Michigan Technological University; Susie Amato-Henderson, Michigan Technological University; Tom Drummer, Michigan Technological University; Joseph Holles, Michigan Technological University; Ted Lockhart, Michigan Technological University; Joanna Schreiber, Michigan Technological University; Debra Charlesworth, Michigan Technological University; Jingfang Ren, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

– unfair peer review (RCR) 2.892 (1.41) -0.304 (1.14)Arnaut – not informing of side effects 3.438 (1.62) 0.819 (1.54)(RCR)Arnaut – firing Dr. Watson (non-RCR) 2.619 (1.64)Using these ES difference scores as a measure of relative sensitivity to RCR issues compared tonon-RCR issues, a series of planned independent groups t-tests (alpha = .05) examined ES scoresand ES difference scores between native English speakers (n = 28) and non-native Englishspeakers (n = 12). This analysis was conducted to examine our premise that simply measuringethical sensitivity on RCR issues is not an accurate indication of differences in RCR ethicalsensitivity – a measure of relative sensitivity is needed. For example, just

Conference Session

Research on the First Year I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Cassady, University of Arkansas; Gigi Secuban, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

work experiences include serving as the Director of Student Affairs and Diversity in the College of Education and Health Professions and Assistant Director of Admissions. She earned a bachelor’s degree in psychology and a master of science in health science, both from the University of Arkansas. She is currently pursuing her doctorate in Higher Education Leadership. Her future plans include continuing to serve students in a senior leadership role at a four-year public land-grant university. Page 15.178.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 Analysis of Freshman-to

Conference Session

Nontechnical Skills for Engineering Technology Students

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Hamid Khan

eroded, opted for the later strategy, and in 1968 it decided to produce the Pinto. Page 9.1199.3 Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Education.Although production planning for the new model normally takes about 3 1/2 years, Ford decidedto try to move from conception to production in two years; it wanted the Pinto ready for 1971model year. In normal time frame, design changes and quality assurance standards are in placelargely before production line tooling. But tooling requires about a year and a

Conference Session

Exploring New Frontiers in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Beverly Davis

education: A (mini)meta-analysis. Journal of Engineering Education, v.90, no.2, pp. 223-229.10. Johnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T., & Holubec, E.J. (1986). Circles of learning:Cooperation in the classroom. Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company.11. Katzenbach, J.R. & Smith, D.K. (1994). Wisdom of teams. New York:Harperbusiness.12. Manufacturing Education Plan: Phase I Report. Society of ManufacturingEngineers, Dearborn, MI, 1997.13. Meier, D.L.,Williams, M.R., & Humphreys, M.A. (2000). Refocusing our efforts:Assessing non-technical competency gaps. Journal of Engineering Education, v. 89, No.53, pp.377-385.14. National Science Foundation: Scientist and Engineers Statistical Data System.15. Wang, E.L. & Klepe, J.A

Conference Session

Teaching about New Materials

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Rita Caso; Ibrahim Karaman; Jeff Froyd; Terry Creasy; Winfried Teizer

Creasy (Mechanical Engineering), are team teaching the course. Eachfaculty member will develop lecture materials and laboratory experiments for about one-third ofthe course.Theme 1: Methods and Techniques for Nanostructure FabricationThis theme will cover various methods for direct fabrication of nanostructures. Planned topicsinclude: electron beam lithography, self-assembly, functional nanomolecules, patterned thin-filmdevices and neurons. Initially this class will focus on techniques for fabricating metallicnanostructures, and later will discuss molecular self-assembly techniques. This module willemphasize hands-on experience in a series of laboratory experiments.While bottom-up nanomanufacturing techniques will be discussed, Theme 1 focuses

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

S. Natasha Beretvas; John Pearce, University of Texas at Austin; Kathy Schmidt, The University of Texas at Austin

display system will connect benignly to the classroomvideo system. In at least one classroom the "Display Your Laptop" input took over the PC andprevented use of ELVIS. The "Auxiliary Video Input" off of the rear video output port is muchto be preferred. In our experience the PC often had difficulty finding the ADC card — thisproblem is easily solved by disconnecting and reconnecting the ADC card (until you hear the"beep"), but caused considerable delay and frustration, on the part of both the students andinstructor. It is imperative to test the system in the actual room in which the class will take placeprior to class starting.Second, the instructor absolutely must have all planned demonstrations worked out in detail inadvance. Due to

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Rodger Dalton; Paul Klenk; Gary Ybarra

disciplines: civil, mechanical, electrical/computer, and biomedical engineering.The mature program now includes fully developed lesson plans for two sections of students,Techtronics I for 6th grade and Techtronics II for 7th grade, each led by a graduate studentcoordinator and five undergraduate teaching Fellows. Emphasis is placed on learning throughhands-on experience and creating an environment that encourages inquiry. Students first studyapplicable scientific theory and are introduced to instrumentation and software tools that will beneeded later. Each unit then culminates in the construction of a related project such as balsawood bridges, Lego robotics, AM radios, or heart monitors. With a student return rate of over70% for 2003-2004, the

Conference Session

The Nature of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Session 4

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James L. Barnes, James Madison University; Susan Kubic Barnes, James Madison University; Michael J. Dyrenfurth, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

) National Incident Management Systems, An Introduction; (2) National Response Plan, An Introduction; (3) Introduction to the Incident Command System; (4) ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Response; and (5) Intermediate Incident Command Systems. As Director of Research and Business Development, Dr. Barnes oversees all proposal development and re- search design. He coordinates all needs assessment and benchmarking studies. Dr. Barnes is the former Assistant Economic Development Director for Technology for the City of Harrisonburg, and is currently Professor of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University. He has worked in the science and technology field for over thirty-five years. Dr. Barnes is

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tina Hudson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Shannon M. Sipes, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

deep approach to learning. Each DIB is specifically for-mulated for a given DUT; therefore the number of devices used in the lab are limited. However, inhomework, the students obtain a wider experience of testing other devices through the use ofdatasheets.A datasheet is a published test plan for a given device. Therefore, it is a perfect resource for thestudents to experience a multitude of testing methods. However, datasheets are terse and there isnot a standard for them. As a result, students are required to look at multiple specifications acrossthe datasheet to understand the testing conditions of a different specification. For example, a com-mon-mode-rejection-ratio test (testA) may not indicate the necessary input range for the

Conference Session

Teaching Approaches for Ethics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley J. Brummel, The University of Tulsa; Jeremy S. Daily P.E., The University of Tulsa

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

videotaped for future study and assessment.ConclusionThe authors plan to continue to develop and evaluate new expert witness role play scenarios andformats to maximize the potential benefits of this pedagogy within the specific needs andconstraints of different educational environments. The formative assessment of the expertwitness role play approach appears promising, but it did not capture learning outcomes orcomparisons with other approaches to teaching engineering education. Creative professorsshould be able to adopt this technique to teach engineering ethics within a realistic, engaging,and involving way.Bibliography1. Brummel, B. J., Gunsalus, C. K., Anderson, K. L., & Loui, M. C. (2010). Development of role-play scenarios forteaching

Conference Session

ME Laboratories and Undergraduate Research

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven P Marra P.E., Johns Hopkins University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

. Six sections were offered in 2014 in order to limit the number of students in eachsection to no more than 12. Each lab section was scheduled for 1 hour and 20 minutes in 2012.This amount of time was found to be too short to complete all of the activities planned for eachlab, so the lab times were increased to 1 hour and 50 minutes in 2013.Students receive a handout at the start of each laboratory which guides them through the variousactivities they must perform. Each laboratory session includes three activities, and the studentsrotate through them in groups of 3-4 students. As they work through each activity, they must fillin sections of the handout with measurements, calculations, drawings, short answers, andcomments. The completed handouts

Conference Session

Laboratory Applications of Computers

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Oluyemisi Oladayo Satope, iLabs OAU; Isaiah Oreoluwa Boboye, Obafemi Awolowo University; Olawale Babatunde Akinwale, Obafemi Awolowo University; Lawrence O. Kehinde, Obafemi Awolowo University; Olabode Idowu Asubiojo, Obafemi Awolowo University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

5 6 Question 4 3 5 1 9 7 Question 5 3 8 9 5A general comment section was also provided for the students. From this section it wasobvious from the various comments, that the virtual experiment was a new experience formost of the students, the experience was however a good one as most of them are lookingforward to it being a full part of their curriculum. While this initial assessment looks ratherpositive, it is inconclusive due to the few number of students involved and the fact that thework is still ongoing.It is planned to include these experiments as part of the laboratory coursework for thestudents

Conference Session

ME Laboratories and Undergraduate Research

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sriram Sundararajan, Iowa State University; James Dautremont

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

students. The experience suggests that anin-lab support person is important and the ability for that individual to communicate with theremote student groups via an audio-visual interface can enhance the student experience. Inaddition to the above, future development of this project includes provision of a means to controlthe PTZ camera, adding an audio feed to give students additional feedback when useful (e.g.fluid flow labs) and developing pre-labs for students to better understand the equipment beingused. We are also considering various means to allow students to conference among separatelocations in and out of lab. Our plan is to refine the remote setups and redeploy for the comingyear and also develop/adapt laboratory experiences in our other

Conference Session

Laboratory Applications of Computers

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammad Rafiq Muqri, DeVry University, Pomona; Shih Ek Chng, DeVry University, Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

purposes becausethey are too complex and very costly. The development of a Biomedical Instrumentation Lab forthe undergraduate program requires thoughtful planning especially for most teaching institutionsoffering BS-BMET program; it has limited budget for acquiring specialized instrument andequipment to be used for conducting experiments mainly for educational purposes. Developing asingle platform that is flexible enough to perform most undergraduate physiological experimentin lab become possible with the Biomedical Workbench developed by National Instrument. Thisplatform allows students to develop their own test system with the latest measurementtechnologies while providing an environment for developing an application in the capstoneproject

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Craig J. Kief, COSMIAC at UNM; Bassam H. Matar, Chandler Gilbert Community College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

participants, likewise, receive college credit for the Microcomputer Applications course.The adult learners are encouraged to continue their studies in postsecondary STEM programsupon completion of their summer experience.Enrollment ServicesA new enrollment services management function has been developed utilizing software andsuccessful practices of colleges and universities with similar population demographics, wherepersistence, retention, and completion issues of first-generation and minority students preventthese students from completion their educational plans. This new function incorporates theStarfish student retention tracking software to expedite the identification of needs forintervention, streamline the communication among faculty members

Conference Session

FPD 5: Course Delivery Methods and Issues

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen A. Ossman, University of Cincinnati; Gregory Warren Bucks, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

slightly. Many of the students that did not watch the videos indicated that theyreviewed the PowerPoint slides instead so they were still coming to lecture prepared.Some of the videos were a half hour long and clearly need to be shortened by cutting some of thematerial and breaking them up into shorter videos. It will be interesting to see if our studentsreally are willing to watch three short videos in place of one longer video. Page 24.451.12In order to address the needs of students that are not auditory learners, we are planning ondeveloping an interactive learning environment similar perhaps to Code Academy10 wherestudents will be able to

Conference Session

Teaching Communication II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maryellen Meny Overbaugh; Michael Alley, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Christine Haas, Engineering Ambassadors Network

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

. Third, the instructors asserted that having the students view the contest presentations hashelped the students select topics that are more focused. Often students (and professionals) try tocover too broad of a scope in their presentations. Doing so prevents them from achieving a depththat satisfies the audience [18]. The instructors contended that viewing the contest presentationsgave students a better idea for what type of topic could achieve depth in a 10-minutepresentation. Moreover, students who viewed the contest presentations were more willing toadopt strategies to limit the scope (such as defining limitations or making assumptions).Conclusion and Plans for DisseminationOverall, having students in a technical presentations course view the

Conference Session

Engineering & Our Global Society

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

wenjuan wang, Beihang University ; Ming Li, Beihang University; Brent K Jesiek, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Qin Zhu, Purdue University; Jian Yuan, Beihang University; Qing Lei, Beihang University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

liberal arts. Thus, the renzi kuichou school systemprescribed in general that “university should teach advanced scholarship, cultivate excellenttalents, serve the country”, and yet a growing divide between the disciplines meant that theseobjectives might be that much more difficult to achieve.The concept of “xueshu erfen” (“learning and technique were separated”) was also applied to theengineering discipline planning in both the renzi kuichou and renxu school systems. Thisreflected Cai Yuanpei’s educational philosophy of “xue wei jiben, shu wei zhigan” (“learning asthe trunk and technique as the branch”). For instance, it was argued that “agriculture, engineering,medicine, pharmacy, law, business, and other applied sciences are based on liberal

Conference Session

Innovative Use of Technology and the Internet in Engineering Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chirag Variawa, University of Toronto; Susan McCahan, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

experts and the TF-IDF program are in agreement for high-ranked and low-ranked words, for most of the datacollected so far. Currently, 11 studies have been completed, and 4 remain; the data so farsuggest that the program works as the correlations are comparable across all of these courses.When data is compiled from courses which may have less technical vocabulary, like designcourses for example, an initial examination suggests that the correlations between subject-matterexpert and the TF-IDF program are lower. In planning the survey, the experimenter predictivelyassigned three subject-matter experts to score the exact same design-heavy course. Though thedata is currently being compiled, initial observations show that the correlation