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Displaying results 451 - 480 of 777 in total
Conference Session
Integrating Sustainability Across the Curriculum
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Noel E. Bormann P.E., Gonzaga University; Mara London, Gonzaga University; Andrew Douglas Matsumoto, Gonzaga University; Melanie Ruth Walter; Spencer Joseph Fry
Tagged Divisions
Environmental Engineering
overcoming potential economic, educational andcultural obstacles to implementation and suggests ways in which the technologies developed bythe team can be successfully adopted in rural Africa.The challenging project requirements are observed to increase the efforts expended and overalltime spent by the team members on the project. The greater effort required from students isbelieved to reflect a greater student interest in the successful completion of the project andappears to improve the student learning outcomes related to sustainability.1 IntroductionThere is a growing understanding that the solutions to the significant problems facing societyrequire that a systematic evaluation of the many dimensions of a problem be undertaken beforeacting
Conference Session
Using Applications and Projects in Teaching Mathematics
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Hassan Moore, University of Alabama, Birmingham
Tagged Divisions
Mathematics
. Whenever numerical answers are required, find the exact values using a calculator. A certain amount of collaboration is acceptable in doing this project, but reports must be written individually. Thus, when writing your report, make sure that it is clearly different from reports of others and reflects your own thoughts for solving the problems. Reports that are virtually identical to others will not receive credit.In project 1, students are asked to use their knowledge of solving first-order ordinary differentialequations to tackle basic ideas in rocket science through the examination of the Jules Vernecatapult idea and single-stage rockets. The second project explores ideas in mechanicalvibrations with the concept of
Conference Session
Capstone Projects and Experiential Learning
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Salahuddin Qazi, State University of New York, Institute of Technology; Robert C. Decker, Mohawk Valley Community College
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
contact (tapping mode) to avoid damage to the samples.Video data requires significantly more storage density and in order to accommodate the data, the pit Page 25.1465.8and land sizes must be shrunk to smaller values. The spacing between tracks, width of tracks, theirdepth and reflectance vary according to the type of disc. Measuring the physical characteristicsof the disc can help calculate the storage capacity of the disc. The smallest features of the DVDs arepits about 400 nm long, 320 nm wide, 120 nm deep, with a track pitch of 740 nm. BluRay DVDplayers provide high definition video for HDTV, requiring more data density. On Blu-ray the
Conference Session
Innovations in Promoting Technological Literacy II
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Zbigniew J. Pasek, University of Windsor
Tagged Divisions
Liberal Education/Engineering & Society, Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering
science andtechnology, and see no difference between a scientist and an engineer10,12,18. Existence ofengineer’s image in the film has been acknowledged25, but not studied thoroughly, except for agender-specific focus. While creating a learning environment that educates about engineering and engineers ingeneral, it is also important to leverage and apply the most recent theories of learning. Learningis viewed as an active process where students process, organize and reflect upon their personalideas in the development of knowledge and meaning. Current models of science learningembrace the paradigm of constructivism, where students learn by constructing personalrepresentations of knowledge instead in the idea that knowledge can be transmitted
Conference Session
Computers in the Laboratory
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Oluwapelumi Olufemi Aboluwarin, iLab Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife; Kayode Peter Ayodele; Lawrence O. Kehinde, Obafemi Awolowo University; Babatunde Isaac Ishola
Tagged Divisions
Computers in Education
short questionnairewas administered to the students. The questionnaire had 3 questions: 1. Do you feel you were interacting with real hardware? 2. Is the laboratory interesting or worthwhile? 3. Does this interface correctly reflect what you would have done in a real lab?Table 1 shows the results of the post-experiment activities. The results in Table 1 suggests thathaving performed the AM iLab experiment using interface A, users had a better understanding ofwhat amplitude modulation entails. The interface aided their understanding by walking themthrough the step wise process in creating an AM signal. This was made possible because everywire connection was an integral part of the AM block diagram and it helped the user visualize
Conference Session
NSF Grantees' Poster Session
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Gamze Ozogul, Arizona State University; Amy M. Johnson, Arizona State University; Martin Reisslein, Arizona State University; Kirsten R. Butcher, University of Utah
Tagged Topics
NSF Grantees Poster Session
diagrams. The current results also reflect earlier findings from58, in which the AA conditionperformed significantly better than the CC condition. Overall, these results support the notionthat abstract representations foster learning through allowing learners to focus on the underlyingstructure of the problem at hand, rather than the superficial elements of each individual problem.Thus, these learners do not observe worked-example problems considering, for example, abattery and a light bulb, rather noting that any type of voltage source and any type of electricaldevice could be present. Since these college students, although novices to electric circuitanalysis, have the requisite experience to know what objects can serve as electrical
Conference Session
Lessons Learned through Community Engagement of Engineering Students
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Malinda S. Zarske, University of Colorado, Boulder; Derek T Reamon, University of Colorado, Boulder; Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Daniel W. Knight, University of Colorado, Boulder
Tagged Divisions
Community Engagement Division
often integrated throughoutengineering education curricula.Practicing engineering in a community context, partnered with a strong emphasis on teamworkand reflection, project-based service-learning (PBSL) programs are potentially successfulapproaches to recruit and retain more students, including women and minority students, into thepipeline of engineering education and the engineering workforce. Unfortunately, little researchhas been reported to confirm this hypothesis. In fact, what, if any, groups of students areimpacted by service-learning experiences?The University of Colorado Boulder’s First Year Engineering Projects (FYEP) course has beenevolving over the last decade into a successful avenue for increasing the knowledge, skills
Conference Session
Retention and Two-year to Four-year Transfer
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Margaret Krudysz, City College of the City University of New York; Ardie D. Walser, City College of the City University of New York; Annita Alting, City College of the City University of New York
Tagged Divisions
Two Year College Division
could use to transfer into the engineering (and computer science)program/s at the 4-year institution. These core courses are selected so as to reflect the first twoyears of a four- year engineering program. While this model is certainly reasonable, it does havesome major weaknesses. Many engineering schools have engineering programs in classic areassuch as civil, chemical, electrical and mechanical engineering with a number of courses, inmathematics and science, in common. However, the first two years of an engineering programcan have subtle but significant differences in course requirements that are specific to that major.If the new transfer student stays on track with their initial choice for a major, there is no problem.But, should the
Conference Session
Topics in Computer Science and Programming
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Walter W. Schilling Jr., Milwaukee School of Engineering; Mark J. Sebern, Milwaukee School of Engineering
Tagged Divisions
Computers in Education
comparedagainst the needs of computer engineering students as well as checked for overlap with existingcourses. From this, the initial listing of 13 course outcomes was reduced to 11 course outcomes,as is shown in Figure 5. These outcomes reflected an increased emphasis on the practicesnecessary for software engineering and a slight de-emphasis on the specific object-orientedanalysis and object-oriented design techniques from the initial offering. An increased emphasison the verification of software was added, as well as outcomes related to effectivecommunications. Based on feedback from the final offering of CS489, it was also felt that astrong emphasis in the area of requirements review and development was necessary. Catalog Description: This course
Conference Session
Software Engineering Topics
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Walter W. Schilling Jr., Milwaukee School of Engineering; Eric Durant, Milwaukee School of Engineering
Tagged Divisions
Software Engineering Constituent Committee
of these courses isoften similar, the content is often vastly different, reflecting the large domain of softwaresecurity. Certain aspects of security appeal to practitioners, certain aspects appeal toComputer Scientists, and certain aspects apply MIS personnel.In order to provide a holistic view of computer security, software engineering students need tohave exposure to all three aspects. Thus, for software engineering students, a single course insecurity can be inadequate. To combat this problem, the Milwaukee School of Engineering hasdeveloped a three course sequence in software security targeting the multi-disciplinary problemof security. While each of the three courses addresses software security, each course targets adifferent aspect
Conference Session
Capstone and Design Projects in Engineering Technology
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
David W. Goodman, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; Robert J. Durkin, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
, PLCinput and output devices, and PLC communications to third year students. The power portion of the labs utilize small components (such as motors, relays, Page 25.526.4transformers, etc.) that students assemble based on instructor provided schematics. The eightpower labs explicitly detail the design and testing procedures as well as the reflection that shouldoccur. These labs are all hands-on and require physical interaction with the components. The course provides both instructor developed labs and commercially available labs. Theinstructor developed labs use physical, hands-on equipment and the commercial labs usesimulator software
Conference Session
FPD X: Addressing Retention in the First Year
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Lizzie Y. Santiago, West Virginia University; Robin A.M. Hensel Ed.D., West Virginia University
Tagged Divisions
First-Year Programs
secondeducational choice was business. The fact that our engineering students are switching to generalstudies reflects either an inability to make a decision about which major to pursue at the time ofthe transfer or the fact that some of our students are in academic probation. At the time of theanalysis, only 6.5% of all students that transferred to general studies completed a bachelor degreein a given discipline. Only 45% of the students that transferred to general studies are stillenrolled in our college. The remaining 48% dropped from college, were suspended, or neverreturned to the university.Another difference with Ohland’s study, was the high percent of students transferring out ofengineering with GPA below 2.0 (39.5% of all transfer students). Our
Conference Session
NSF Grantees' Poster Session
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Stephanie Elizabeth August, Loyola Marymount University
Tagged Topics
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Page 25.569.2 recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.Components of TAILS Lab ExperimentsTAILS will deliver the tale of each AI algorithm or concept through a story with nine parts,including a description of the concept, relevant applications, sample test data, design description,exercises that guide the student in implementation, a test driver, suggested experiments, sourcecode that implements the algorithm, and complexity analysis. This choice of components ispatterned after the organization found in the files of software support that accompany Winston'sapproach4 and standard software engineering practice. Previous work5 identified
Conference Session
Teaching and Learning Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Mary E. Besterfield-Sacre, University of Pittsburgh; Allison Michelle Robinson; Nur Özge Özaltin, University of Pittsburgh; Larry J. Shuman, University of Pittsburgh; Angela M. Shartrand, National Collegiate Inventors & Innovators Alliance (NCIIA); Phil Weilerstein, National Collegiate Inventors & Innovators Alliance (NCIIA)
Tagged Divisions
Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation
, two tools3 have been created to measure students’ familiarity with key entrepreneurialterms and concepts, and to examine students’ “entrepreneurial mindset” as reflected in a writtenresponse to a hypothetical technology-based company scenario. The first tool, which is the focusof this paper, is the Entrepreneurship Knowledge Inventory (EKI). This inventory was initiallydesigned to measure self-assessed entrepreneurial knowledge of students enrolled inentrepreneurship-based engineering courses and programs at six engineering schools located inthe Midwest. The items were initially based on a taxonomy being developed under funding bythe NCIIA entitled, Institutionalizing Entrepreneurship at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions(PUIs)4. The survey
Conference Session
TAC/ABET-related Outcome-based Assessment Methods and Models
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Clark D. Shaver P.E., Pittsburg State University; James A. Lookadoo P.E., Pittsburg State University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
disadvantage is the lack of incentives for maximizing effort and apotential delay time of up to two years between discovering weaknesses and potentialremediation.IEEE-SME Electronics Assessment ExamThe IEEE-SME Electronics Assessment Exam is a collection of approximately 120 multiplechoice questions spanning a range of topics considered to be common to most baccalaureateElectronics Engineering Technology programs6. The assessment exam questions seem to becrafted to cover a broad range of capabilities. EET programs across the country were polled as tosubject matter and a body of knowledge committee created a set of questions reflective of thetopics gathered. Yet another committee vetted the questions and their answers to formulate theexam. Students
Conference Session
Exploration of Trends in Engineering Education
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Cyndi Lynch, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Jiabin Zhu, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica Farmer Cox, Purdue University, West Lafayette
Tagged Divisions
Graduate Studies
academia, disciplinary paradigms, assessment,and balancing academic and personal life. GRAD 59000 is posted to the academic transcript butcannot be used to fulfill Plan of Study requirements.PFF aims to socialize doctoral students to the diversity of faculty roles and responsibilities alongwith the expectations of excellence in research, teaching, and service through a mentoring modelusing a conceptual framework which incorporates research, teaching, service, career planning,and career and life balance, to guide student exploration and reflection. Using Purdue as a model,students customize the framework with mentoring tips and strategies learned from the speakers.In addition to representing different roles and positions at Purdue, each speaker
Conference Session
Improving the Pedagogy of Laboratory Courses
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Sujatha J., Mission10X, Wipro Technologies; Rajshri Jobanputra
Tagged Divisions
Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies
members c. Ensuring the evaluation of both individual as well as group performance d. Offering students the opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of their own group e. Giving formative feedback on how each member of the group is performingFurther, in order to facilitate the implementation of such an effective group-work, a format of asession plan was offered to the faculty members that helped them to reflect and develop ideas onevery aspect of their session like methodology of teaching-learning, role of faculty, involvementof learners and learning outcomes achieved. In particular, incorporating active learningstrategies like “effective questioning”, “group discussion”, “debate” etc as a part of theexecution
Conference Session
FPD X: Addressing Retention in the First Year
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Andria Costello Staniec, Syracuse University; Helen M. Doerr, Syracuse University
Tagged Divisions
First-Year Programs
” have demonstrated higher student outcomes, includingpersistence to graduation9. While a variety of programs have evolved over the past two decades,in Arendale’s review of postsecondary peer cooperative learning programs, they are divided intotwo groups: (1) those that provide additional support through outside of class activities withlittle change by the primary instructor and (2) those that reflect a transformed learningenvironment for all students enrolled in the course9. Included in the second category are thoseworkshops using the Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) model developed in science education.Keys to the success of the PLTL model are a peer-led workshop that is integral to the course, theclose involvement of the faculty in working with
Conference Session
NSF Grantees' Poster Session
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Fred Scheu, College of Lake County
Tagged Topics
NSF Grantees Poster Session
well the course objectives wereachieved on a scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being Strongly Agree and 1 being Strongly Disagree. Table 1reflects student feedback regarding access to new, effective curriculum modules and labs thatmore accurately reflect the needs of industry. Overall feedback was extremely positive.Measurable Outcomes Overall RateStudents will learn how to model basic digital circuits in hardware description 4.73languages.Students will learn how to use VHDL to model common digital hardware 4.64circuits - combinational and sequential circuitsStudents will learn how to use to use VHDL CAD Tools (editors, debug designs 4.25and perform logic simulation
Conference Session
Research and Graduate Studies
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Brook Sattler, University of Washington; Adam R. Carberry, Arizona State University; Lauren D. Thomas, Virginia Tech
Tagged Divisions
Graduate Studies
other’s scholarly, professional and personal development through collaboration, encouragement, knowledge sharing, and critical and reflective analysis as we contribute to the engineering education discipline. Page 25.677.2About GEECSThe first meeting of what would become GEECS was held in early 2010 through the facilitationof two engineering education faculty members. The goal was to provide a space and opportunityfor collaboration among EER graduate students in both engineering education departments andthose who were dispersed among contributing disciplines. From 2010 to 2011, the organizationformalized, selected a name, and
Conference Session
Energy Education Courses, Labs, and Projects II
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Hamid Arastoopour, Illinois Institute of Technology; Mohamed Shahidehpour, Illinois Institute of Technology; Joseph Clair P.E., Illinois Institute of Technology
Tagged Divisions
Energy Conversion and Conservation
) program, a hands-on undergraduate program that engages multidisciplinary teams of students in projects based on real-world topics, features a number of projects each semester in areas related to energy and sustainability, and a range of activities that utilize IIT campus as a living laboratory. IPRO Teamwork, innovation, and complex problem-solving skills make successful professionals—and reflect the overall performance of their organizations. Since 1995, the IPRO Page 25.714.3 team project courses at IIT have been teaching students how to excel in the workplace by
Conference Session
Capstone and Design Projects
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Steve C. Hsiung, Old Dominion University; Cory Terell Gleason, Old Dominion University; Lacides Agustin Osorio, Norfolk Ship Support Activity Regional Maintenance Center; Charles H. McGinn, Old Dominion University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
that can be compensated with embedded systems using intensive softwareprotocols. Both hardware and software provide options in designing security choices toovercome the concerns. The merging of these systems is the major focus in newly developedindustrial products. The reflection of the current developments in technology, with regard tocomputer/electronic technology curricula and project implementations, are crucial to the successof the program and the enrolled students. Engineering technology focuses on both “hands-on andminds-on” design work and the practice is to integrate existing technology products into realworld applications. Through the implementation of this project, students have been provided theopportunities to learn about current
Conference Session
Capstone Design Projects and Courses
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Michele Miller, Michigan Technological University; John K. Gershenson, Michigan Technological University; Amilcar Alejandro Rincon-Charris, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Bayamon; Carlos A. Alvarado, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico; Jose A. Rojas, Universidad del Turabo
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering
reflect this variability in expected Page 25.725.7learning. Besterfield, et al. directs readers to a web site with example rubrics for evaluating theattributes along this type of scale.4Having decided on the attributes and levels of learning, the next step is to select and developinstruments that balance the need for good information and practicality. The TIDEE group did anextensive review of the design and education assessment literature and chose four types ofassessment
Conference Session
Innovative Curriculum in Engineering Technology
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Pamela S. Frinzi, Southern Polytechnic State University; Scott Larisch, Southern Polytechnic College of Engr and Engr Tech
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
course development process. Additionally, TADL instructors will beavailable for synchronous online office hours for 3 hours each week. Participantswill relate their progress and receive feedback regarding each milestone in TADLthrough online discussion.SPSU’s distance learning efforts and student enrollment have expanded at a rateof 33% each year from 2007 to 2010. Distance courses are 17% of the credithours at SPSU. This reflects a phenomenal growth rate that does not include thetremendous expansion of hybrid course offerings throughout the same period. Wecurrently offer 28 certificates and degrees online. Future plans includedevelopment of at least 4 new online programs in the next two years.SPSU has faculty that do an excellent job in
Conference Session
ETD Design I
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Shekar Viswanathan, National University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
) were having difficulty finding computer science graduates with skills appropriate for the industry. In particular, graduates of local public and private universities were too focused on writing code or revising code, rather than on solving problems..This opinion was summarized in the following statement: “They don't know how to really analyze problems and turn them into solutions” The board recommended revising our Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) to reemphasize critical thinking skills and to include the ability for “researching” (i.e., analyzing and designing solutions for) problems in specific computer science disciplines. The board’s recommendations and guidance, now reflected in all seven of
Conference Session
Developing Young MINDS in Engineering, Part II
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Quamrul H. Mazumder, University of Michigan, Flint
Tagged Divisions
Minorities in Engineering
, for the post-tests, students were required to reflect onthe depth of their own knowledge concerning the topic, which is the basis of metacognition.Literature ReviewCognitive self-appraisal is “judgments about one’s personal cognitive abilities, task factors thatinfluence cognitive difficulty or cognitive strategies that may facilitate or impede performance" 1.In metacognition, when analyzing personal confidence judgments, one must introspect.Confidence judgments are the most commonly used method for determining whether anindividual’s belief that the information recalled from memory is accurate 2. Confidencejudgments consist of both the cognitive process of confidence assessment and the subjectivefeelings of confidence.To effectively learn
Conference Session
Laboratory Innovations
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Claire Yu Yan, University of British Columbia; Carolyn Labun, University of British Columbia
Tagged Divisions
Mechanical Engineering
.”“The assignments and tutorials were helpful in that they provided many practice problems.”“Group size for project is almost too big, as we are only working on one design with 5 people sometimesI was left with no work to do.”“I previously had mentioned that I felt the assignments were more important than the project inunderstanding the course content. However, I feel there were parts of the project that I found to be verypractical.”“Tutorials that reflect examination questions and show a complete step by step approach to solutions.”These comments revealed two key factors affecting the rating of the project. The first factorrelates to time management issues. Third-year engineering students typically take 6 courses perterm, with transfer students
Conference Session
Capstone and International Experiences
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Scott Danielson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic; Chell A. Roberts, Arizona State University, Polytechnic
Tagged Divisions
Multidisciplinary Engineering
students from all engineering programs listen to short, fiveminute presentations on each project. Ideally, these presentations are made by the industrysponsor/mentor. After these presentations, students are given a short skill-set survey, whichoften reflects the projects being presented, asking questions about their skill sets. The studentsturn in this skill survey and a project list where they rank the top five projects they would like towork on for the year. The department chairs and capstone coordinators then review the surveysand student project interests to staff the project teams. A large majority of students are placed onone of their top three project choices. The students are not told who the faculty mentor will be orwhat the project
Conference Session
NSF Grantees' Poster Session
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Hakan Gurocak, Washington State University, Vancouver; Ashley Ater Kranov, ABET; Rochelle Letrice Williams, ABET
Tagged Topics
NSF Grantees Poster Session
increase in the learninggain. We are encouraged by the positive and enthusiastic feedback from the students on the newmodule. In the future, the entire set will be offered and more details will be reported separately.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.DUE-TUES-0941035. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed inthis material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation.References[1] Gurocak, H., “Mechatronics course with a two-tiered project approach,” 2007 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition.[2] Giurgiutiu, V. and Mouzon, B., “Functional Modules for Teaching Mechatronics to
Conference Session
Sustainable Product Development and Manufacturing
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Devi K. Kalla, Metropolitan State College of Denver; Aaron Brown, Metropolitan State College of Denver
Tagged Divisions
Manufacturing
should reflect the needs and changes of today's manufacturing industry andprepare young engineer technologists to meet the challenges of the competitive world ofmanufacturing. Page 25.776.2The need to integrate sustainability and green manufacturing subject matter into undergraduatecurriculums in either engineering or engineering technology has become increasingly importantover the last decade [3]. Given the increasing importance of sustainable green manufacturing, itis incumbent upon academia to educate future engineers and other decision makers onsustainability topics, i.e., incorporate sustainable thinking into engineering