Conference Session

Communicating Across Cultural and Epistemological Boundaries

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cindy Rottmann, University of Toronto; Doug Reeve P.Eng., University of Toronto; Robin Sacks, University of Toronto; Mike Klassen, University of Toronto

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

for twenty-five years. In 2002 he established Leaders of Tomorrow, a student leadership development pro- gram that led to the establishment of ILead in 2010. He is also a Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryDr. Robin Sacks, University of Toronto Robin is an Assistant Professor with the Institute for Leadership Education in Engineering at the Uni- versity of Toronto where she teaches leadership and positive psychology. She served as Director of the Engineering Leadership Project, which aims to understand how engineers lead in industry.Mr. Mike Klassen, University of Toronto Mike Klassen is the Assistant Director, Community of Practice on Engineering Leadership at the Institute

Conference Session

Works in Progress II

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca LeBow, Tufts University; Kristen B. Wendell, Tufts University; Jessica E. S. Swenson, Tufts University, Center for Engineering Education and Outreach

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

and the design process of undergraduate students in project-based courses. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 WIP: High-Achieving Students’ Perceptions of and Approaches to Problem Solving in Introductory Engineering Science CoursesThis work-in-progress paper is grounded in the understanding that undergraduate students’approach to solving assigned engineering problems – a component of their engineeringepistemology – influences the substance and quality of what they learn in the moment and in thefuture [1], [2]. Engineering students need meaningful strategies for approaching multiple types ofproblems in order to develop the knowledge and reasoning necessary for success in

Conference Session

Works in Progress I

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dong San Choi, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Michael C. Loui, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

consent forms, whichwere collected by a graduate student who was unaffiliated with the course and sequestered untilafter final grades were submitted. At that time, we found that 15 students had consented to allowtheir data (i.e., their course assignments) to be used for research. Our research project wasapproved by the local Institutional Review Board (IRB#17595).Data collectionWe collected both quantitative and qualitative data from the students. For quantitative data, weadministered a pre- and post-survey during the first and last week of the course, respectively.The survey had a total of 42 items. To measure mindsets, we included Dweck’s Implicit Theoryof Intelligence Scale (8 items) [9]. To measure goal orientations, we included the scales

Conference Session

Experiences in Manufacturing Engineering Education

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hugh Jack P. Eng. P.E., Western Carolina University; Paul M Yanik, Western Carolina University; Jerry N. Denton Denton, Western Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

that the wiring would be problematic and potentially delay lab workthe following weeks. However the concerns proved unfounded and the students were able tocomplete the wiring successfully in teams of four within the 2 hour lab time. To help the process,the instructor station was wired ahead of the lab and left as an example for the students.After the first week, the wiring was left in place and modified as needed in following labs. Inthose weeks the students were able to add sensors and actuators to satisfy weekly lab exercises.At the conclusion of the semester students were given more elaborate projects where they neededto connect their station to control a piece of equipment like a conveyor and can crusher.At the time of final submission the

Conference Session

Faculty Development Work-in-Progress Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heidi M. Sherick, University of Michigan

Tagged Topics

Faculty Development Constituency Committee

agenda and conversation in the sessions thus far.Next StepsAs this is a work in progress, the next stage of the project involves the tracking of futuredevelopments of the program and individuals. Tracking how useful faculty participants rate theexperience over time and success measures such as self-correcting mechanisms, and reflectionon goal setting and goal achievement will be included in the feedback gathering to assess impact.References[1] R. Wilson, “Why are associate professors so unhappy?” The Chronicle of Higher Education,p. A3-A4, June 3, 2012 [Online]. Available: Chronicle,https://www.chronicle.com/article/Why-Are-Associate-Professors/132071. [Accessed August 9,2016].[2] A. Canale, C. Herdklotz, & L. Wild, “Mid-career faculty

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Postcard Session 1: Retention and Student Success Strategies

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Knaphus-Soran, University of Washington; Ann Delaney, Boise State University; Katherine Christine Tetrick, Washington State University; Sonya Cunningham, University of Washington; Pamela Cosman, University of California, San Diego; Tanya D. Ennis, University of Colorado, Boulder; Beth A. Myers, University of Colorado, Boulder; Jana Milford, University of Colorado, Boulder; Donna C. Llewellyn, Boise State University; Eve A. Riskin, University of Washington; Janet Callahan, Boise State University; Kevin Pitts, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Michelle Ferrez, University of California, San Diego

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Paper ID #22007Work in Progress: Institutional Context and the Implementation of the Red-shirt in Engineering Model at Six UniversitiesDr. Emily Knaphus-Soran, University of Washington Emily Knaphus-Soran is a Research Associate at the Center for Evaluation & Research for STEM Equity (CERSE) at the University of Washington. She works on the evaluation of several projects aimed at improving diversity, equity, and inclusion in STEM fields. She also conducts research on the social- psychological and institutional forces that contribute to the persistence of race and class inequalities in the United States. Emily earned a

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

Sally Conant

Session CEED 442Cultural  Behaviors• A  person  arrives  to  meet  you  30  minutes  after  your   scheduled  meeting  time.• A  person  throws  a  stone  at  a  dog.• A  student  helps  another  student  answer  a  question   during  a  test.  • A  supervisor  raises  their  voice  in  front  of  the  team   when  you  did  not  complete  the  project  to  their   satisfaction.• A  person  cuts  in  front  of  you  in  a  line. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration Copyright ©2018 American Society for Engineering Education

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

R. E. Floyd

alternating semester hire, with repeated opportunities for theindustry to evaluate the particular student involved. It also provides the student an experience tothe particular facets of an industry, or multiple industries, if they have not yet decided on wherethey wish to begin their career.It is important both to the student and the industry involved that the internship provide “realworld” work, not drawing filing or other paperwork projects which do not apply to the programthe student is following. That is not to say that the student must be given original design work tocomplete, but rather some small segment of design, drawing modification, subroutine algorithmdevelopment, and so forth. The effort must be applicable, but able to be completed in

Collection

2018 ASEE Conferences - Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration / San Antonio proceedings

Authors

Andrew Grossfield

butrequires some study and practice to acquire proficiency.There are three vector operations which we will find useful in our study. One operation, calledthe dot product, is written as 𝐀⃗ ⃘⃗𝐁 and yields a scalar (that is, a number and not a vector). Thenext operation, called the cross product, is written as 𝐀 ⃗ × ⃗𝐁 and yields a vector which isperpendicular to the plane spanned by the vectors 𝐀 ⃗ and ⃗𝐁 and the third operation produces ascalar and is called the triple scalar product, and denoted by 𝐀 ⃗ × ⃗𝐁 ⃘𝐂.The dot product provides a means to compute the length of the projection of a line segment onto ⃗ onto thesome intersecting line. In the ordinary

Conference Session

Track: Learning Spaces, Pedagogy & Curriculum Design Technical Session 9

Collection

2019 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity

Authors

Adrienne Ann Smith, Cynosure Consulting; Rebecca A. Zulli, Cynosure Consulting

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Learning Spaces, Pedagogy & Curriculum Design

analytic designs that are tailored to the unique needs of each program context. She has published in scholarly and practitioner-focused jour- nals on topics including evaluation design, instrument validation, and the effectiveness of policy change. After graduating from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with a B.S. in Psychology Adrienne completed a Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction at UNC Greensboro. She taught third grade before returning to UNC Chapel Hill to complete a PhD in Education. In addition to her evaluation work Adrienne has worked on multiple research projects, taught doctoral- level research methods and statistic courses, and mentored undergraduate and graduate students.Dr

Conference Session

Track: Collegiate Technical Session 12

Collection

2019 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity

Authors

Michael Scott Sheppard Jr., Arizona State University; Nadia N. Kellam, Arizona State University; Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Collegiate, Diversity

Research (CLUSTER). In her research, she is interested in understanding how engineering students develop their professional identity, the role of emo- tion in student learning, and synergistic learning. A recent research project uncovers the narratives of exemplary engineering faculty who have successfully transitioned to student-centered teaching strategies. She co-designed the environmental engineering synthesis and design studios and the design spine for the mechanical engineering program at UGA. She is engaged in mentoring early career faculty at her univer- sity and within the PEER National Collaborative. In 2013 she was selected to be a National Academy of Engineering Frontiers of Engineering Education Faculty

Collection

2019 ERC

Authors

Dawn Tilbury; Joanne Tornow; Jim Kurose; Anne Kinney

NSF INCLUDES: Enhancing STEM through Diversity and Inclusion 5 Convergence Accelerator Accelerating Discovery through Convergence Research time-limited “tracks”: accelerating impactful convergence research in areas of national importance separate from directorates in leadership, budget, and programmatics (but relying on, and building on foundational disciplinary research, including Big Ideas) projects with clear goals, milestones, directed deliverables (e.g., 6-months) more intentional, more directed management; mission- HDR

Conference Session

DISTINGUISHED LECTURE: 2018 Best PIC and Zone Paper Presentations

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diane Constance Aloisio, Indiana-Purdue University

Tagged Topics

ASEE Board of Directors

Paper ID #281012018 Best PIC II Paper: Systems Engineering Division: Development of aSurvey Instrument to Evaluate Student Systems Engineering AbilityMrs. Diane Constance Aloisio, Indiana-Purdue University Diane Aloisio is a PhD candidate in the School of Aeronautics and Astronautics at Purdue University. Her research concentrates on taking a systems approach to finding the common causes of systems engineering accidents and project failures. Diane received a dual BS degree in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from University at Buffalo in New York. c American Society for Engineering Education

Conference Session

DISTINGUISHED LECTURE: 2018 Best PIC and Zone Paper Presentations

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Joseph Ewing, University of Texas, Arlington

Tagged Topics

ASEE Board of Directors

solve problems together, fostering peer instruction, which has been shown to be moreeffective in student success than traditional lecture-based styles. The arrangement also allows theprofessor to easily move among the students as they work on solving problems. This physicalarrangement allows more one-on-one instructor interaction, providing for more personalizationof the learning process. - Projection screen - Marker Board - Lectern Figure 1. Classroom LayoutThe second

Conference Session

Teaching Assistants, Supplemental Instruction, and Classroom Support

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nathan L. Anderson, California State University, Chico

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Paper ID #30590Increased Performance via Supplemental Instruction and Technology inTechnical ComputingDr. Nathan L Anderson, California State University, Chico Dr. Nathan L. Anderson is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Sustainable Manufacturing at California State University Chico. He engages in multiple research projects spanning computational materials science to educational pedagogy. Prior to joining academia, he worked in the semiconductor manufacturing industry for KLA Corporation. Before industry, he spent time at Sandia National Laboratories. He earned his Ph.D. in

Conference Session

Engineering Librarian Collaborations in the Library, On Campus, and Beyond

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Marian G. Armour-Gemmen, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

the business librarian to provide technical,intellectual property and business information in support of a major competition.Similarly, the University of Utah has integrated their three libraries into the innovation space.They were involved in the concept, prototyping, product, and commercialization stages ofinnovation, employing medical, business, patent, and innovation librarians to provide innovatorswith information resources at all of these stages [2]. Different university libraries have alsosought to embed themselves with the Technology Transfer Office. The University of Arizonasaw its opportunity during a time of reorganization and formalized the relationship by havinglibrarians work on individual projects involving literature search

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 17

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Pamela S. Lottero-Perdue, Towson University; Ming Tomayko, Towson University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

, and evidence to support those codes for allparticipants. This enabled us to better observe patterns in our data and also to calculatepercentages (e.g., the percentage of participants whose design failed). These percentages aremeant to help us describe our particular sample and we do not mean to generalize beyond this to,for example, reflect percentages of all kindergartners.Researcher RolesAs mentioned above, both authors contributed to data analysis. While the second author’s rolewas purely that of a researcher in this project, never having met the participants in person, thefirst author had an “active membership” role in the classroom community [21, 24]. Prior to theinterview, the first author spent about six hours in each classroom or with

Conference Session

Engineering Design Graphics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Hannah Dawes Budinoff, Pima Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

givenapproximately three assignments throughout the semester that required them to sketchorthographic projections and isometric views of objects. These assignments were designed tohelp improve spatial visualization ability. However, the class was generally focused on 3Dmodeling skills and SolidWorks operation, and not on spatial visualization ability.A survey was also administered to assess self-efficacy and to ask the students about how helpfulthey found the different learning activities in the course. We measured self-efficacy regarding 3Dgraphics topics using the three-dimensional modeling self-efficacy scale described by Densenand Kelly [21]. We will refer to this scale as the 3DM-SES in this paper. Agreement on eachitem of the nine items of this survey

Conference Session

Reimagining Engineering Ethics

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Grant A. Fore, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Justin L. Hess, Purdue University; Andrew Katz, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

, particularly at the post-secondary level?If Dewey [21] is correct in asserting that all experience becomes through continuity andinteraction, then education must tend to these elements. How do educators choose strategically tobuild upon student experiences over time? How do educators assemble the right environment,comprising subjects and objects that, through interaction, lead to the greatest positive growth?Here, I am most interested in the second question. In agreement with Dewey, the significance ofthe experience is going to depend upon how well students are grounded in a shared “socialenterprise.” This is not the kind of enterprise that one should associate with business orentrepreneurialism. It is, rather, enterprise as a complex project or

Conference Session

Instruments and Methods for Studying Student Experiences and Outcomes

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David Reeping, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Cherie D. Edwards, Virginia Commonwealth University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

purpose of this theory paper is to show engineering education researchers how they cancreatively leverage mixed methods in their research such that they can achieve moremethodologically comprehensive integration and transparency. This paper will be of interest toboth newcomers and veterans of using mixed methods research designs. In addition to presentingexemplars within mixed methods research designs, we offer additional strategies for researcherswho find it challenging to integrate mixed methods beyond the data collection and drawinginferences stages of a project. BackgroundMany methodologists have described mixed methods with slight variations in their formulations[9]. At its most fundamental

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: K-12 Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Bryce E. Hughes, Montana State University; Shannon D. Willoughby; Brock J. LaMeres, Montana State University; Barrett Frank, Montana State University; Elaine Marie Westbrook, Montana State University; Nick Lux, Montana State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

poster.FundingThis project is funded by the National Science Foundation under Award XXX- XXXXXX. Anyopinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those ofthe authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References[1] N. Veurink and A. Hamlin, "Spatial Visualization Skills: Impact on Confidence and Success in an Engineering Curriculum," presented at the 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Vancouver, BC, 2011. [Online]. Available: https://peer.asee.org/18591.[2] E. Towle, J. Mann, B. Kinsey, E. J. O. Brien, C. F. Bauer, and R. Champoux, "Assessing the self efficacy and spatial ability of engineering students from multiple disciplines," in

Conference Session

Innovative Approaches to Improving Student Learning

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Matthew James Scarborough, University of Vermont; Katherine D. McMahon, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

iron and steel production,cement manufacture, pulp and paper manufacture, food processing, brewing and chemicalproduction [11].The question we aimed to address in this study was “will civil engineering students’ attitudestowards chemistry and abilities to apply chemistry improve after analyzing a high-profile casestudy related to environmental problems?” Our hypothesis was that student chemistryperformance and self-reported attitudes about chemistry in an introductory environmentalengineering course are improved by a thorough analysis of a high-profile and compelling casestudy, in this case the Flint Water Crisis.ApproachPast learning outcomes and activities. This project aims to address cognitive and affectivechallenges associated with

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Robin O. Andreasen, University of Delaware; Shawna Vican, University of Delaware; Yvette A Jackson, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

at the University of Delaware. She received her Ph.D. in Sociology from Harvard University. An organizational sociologist, Dr. Vican in- vestigates the adoption and implementation of new employment practices and corporate social behaviors. Across her research, Dr. Vican explores how organizational policies and practices, managerial behavior, and workplace culture shape individual career outcomes as well as broader patterns of labor market in- equality. Her current research includes a qualitative study of corporate diversity management strategies and a series of mixed-methods projects on diversity in the academic workforce.Prof. Yvette A Jackson, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Yvette Jackson, Professor of

Conference Session

Care and Inclusive Teaching

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kenya Z. Mejia, University of Washington; Jennifer A. Turns, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

through self-efficacy and funds of knowledge ​[8], [9]​, and how theyexperience engineering by looking at specific experiences in engineering research settings,design teams, and other personal campus experiences ​[10]–[14]​. Researchers have also looked atinclusive values of peer educators, engineering identities, and first years’ behaviors ​[15]–[17]​.There has also been work looking specifically at retention practices for underrepresented groups,such as inclusive environments in first-year classes and reviewing the successes and challengesin this type of work ​[18]–[20]​. Higher education studies have also looked specifically at how toimprove teaching in STEM, with different teaching styles such as Project Based Learning.Higher education

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 16

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Katherine Leigh Boice, Georgia Institute of Technology; Christopher J. Cappelli, Georgia Institute of Technology; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jasmine N. Patel, Georgia Institute of Technology; Roxanne A. Moore, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

Accelerator is the Design Thinking Process developed by the Hasso-Plattner Institute ofDesign at Stanford, in which students are encouraged to empathize, define, ideate, prototype, andtest their inventions [5]. The learning objectives for students in the Summer Accelerator mirrorthose set out for students participating in the year-long program, including: choosing a problemand writing a problem statement about how people experience this problem; ideating solutions tothat problem that are better or less expensive than devices that are currently available; sketchingand making a prototype of their idea; obtaining feedback through conferencing and user surveys;and presenting their project to an audience through a “pitch.”Students in the Summer

Conference Session

Instructional technologies - Simulations, VR, Remote Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Education,” ASEE 2017 Annual Conference, June 25 - 28, Columbus, Ohio.[2] Grodotzki, J., Ortelt, T.R. and Tekkaya, A.E., 2018. Remote and Virtual Labs for Engineering Education 4.0: Achievements of the ELLI project at the TU Dortmund University. Procedia Manufacturing, 26, pp.1349-1360, 2018.[3] Bikas, H., Stavropoulos, P. and Chryssolouris, C., “Additive manufacturing methods and modeling approaches: A critical review,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 83(1-4), pp. 389–405, 2016.[4] E. C. E. Costa, J. P. Duarte, and P. Bártolo, “A review of additive manufacturing for ceramic production,” Rapid Prototyp. J.,. 23(5), pp. 954–963, 2017.[5] J. Deckers, J. Vleugels, and J.-P. Kruth, “Additive manufacturing of ceramics: a review,” J

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Amrita Dhakal Ghimire, Mississippi State University; Litany H Lineberry, Mississippi State University; Sarah B. Lee, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

for women than men [8].Since 2011, researchers at our institution have been studying the impact of gender-specificinterventions in computing and cybersecurity on the self-efficacy of girls and women incomputing. Mississippi State University’s (MSU) Bulldog Bytes K-12 computing andcybersecurity outreach program has engaged over 1000 informal computer science learners since2013 [4,9,10,11]. With increasing gaps between the number of computer science graduates and thenumber of unfilled jobs in computing, it is imperative that we discover opportunities for increasingentry and retention of persons traditionally underrepresented on computing pathways.For this project, the authors considered best practices from Bulldog Bytes

Collection

2019 ASEE Zone I Conference & Workshop

Authors

Joseph Benin P.E.; Avinash Srinivasan

course launches into the world of Object Oriented Programming andDesign using the lower level language of C++. Key concepts of OOP arecovered including classes, properties, methods, constructors, destructors,overloading, and inheritance. This treatment is conducted within the Linuxoperating system to expand the students’ exposure to another operating systemand in preparation for further study of Operating Systems, Computer & NetworkSecurity, and potential use in Capstone Projects. It is a required course for all Electrical Engineering and Cyber Systems students and opento any other student who has successfully completed the new Introduction to Computingcourse. The TOOP course is designed to meet twice a week. In its first offering

Collection

2020 PPC

Authors

Miriam Quintal

issuesWhy it Matters for Tomorrow• Opportunity to build on FY 2020 language for increased funding of NIBIB or new Common Fund effort• Push for real NIH action on AI/ML reportHigher Education Act Reauthorization Outlook • The House Education and Labor Committee approved the College Affordability Act (H.R 4674) in October, could be considered by full House early this year: –Increases student financial aid, including a $625 increase to the max Pell Grant award –Support for graduate students: Pell eligibility, return of subsidized loans, GAANN extension –Several other ASEE priorities such as repeal of student unit record ban, support for MSIs, federal work study pilot, and competency-based education demonstration projects • The Senate

Collection

2020 ERC

Authors

John Hartnett

University site while no such research was conducted. • Did not have proper lab/equipment for the research work and claimed use of University lab/equipment; while the University claimed the awardee did not use its lab/equipment. • Claimed inaccurate percentage of time dedicated to project, (example: reports 75% of time in lab but records show 50% of time was on travel or working at other entity). • Duplication of funds: Awardee received multiple SBIR awards from the same or different agencies to conduct the same research. This includes submitting identical deliverables for work that is supposed to be separate. UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY