Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Yang, National Science Foundation; Erin Steigerwalt, American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE); Gary Lichtenstein, Arizona State University; Kelsey Watts, Clemson University

to explain ERC goals, provide strategies for ERC design, and promotestrategies for integrating Convergent and Transdisciplinary Research and Team Science intoERC proposals. Participation in the Planning Grant program is not required to submit an ERCproposal. In 2021, 23 teams joined the PGW, with a total of 114 participants from 54 institutionsacross the U.S. The 2021 program consisted of three, half-day sessions spanning three weeks.The workshop agenda was created collaboratively by leaders at NSF and ASEE, with particularattention to recommendations from prior cohorts.In this this paper, we share: 1) information presented at the workshop about the key foundational components of an ERC 2) results of the workshop evaluation 3) access

Conference Session

Bringing Engineering Leadership Pedagogy to Life!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Novick, University of Texas at El Paso; Melanie Realyvasquez, University of Texas at El Paso; Sebastian Palacios

. Teaching ModulesTo implement the teaching of the leadership skill of conflict resolution for engineering students, wedeveloped a set of five modules, to be delivered across the first three years of an undergraduateengineering program with an emphasis on leadership. The modules, to the extent possible, integratedthe material on conflict resolution as integral parts of team-projects already assigned in the courses.The modules’ key elements comprised: • Lecture: Purposes and importance of active listening, types of conflict (task, relationship, and process), destructive and constructive conflict, and the five modes of dealing with conflict (collaborating, compromising, competing, accommodating, and avoiding). • Activity

Collection

2005 GSW

Authors

Kenneth Van Treuren

combustion engine performance, wind power, and development of aheat flux meter. The course ends with a formal final project report and a formal finalbriefing. While a lot of effort, the course was highly praised during the last ABETaccreditation visit. Student feedback from industry also confirms this. A discussion willbe made of assessment tools used in this course. This course is taken in addition to acapstone senior design course. IntroductionAll accredited engineering programs must have a component of experimental design intheir curriculum. ABET Criterion 3b states “Engineering programs must demonstratethat their graduates have an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as toanalyze and interpret

Conference Session

Engineering Economy Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raymond Smith, East Carolina University; James Etheridge; Ricky Castles, East Carolina University

method used to justify aproject, and cost-effectiveness analysis should be performed to help provide additional informationand supporting detail. Unfortunately, determining the benefits associated with flood preventioninfrastructure design implementation is a more advanced topic than introduced in an undergraduateengineering economy course. Civil engineering programs may provide students with someexposure to these topics as part of their curriculum, which extends beyond topics introduced in asemester-based engineering economics course. The primary benefit measurement methods includerevealed willingness-to-pay, imputed willingness-to-pay, expressed willingness-to-pay, andbenefit transfer. These methods are well beyond what is introduced in a one

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Technical Session 2: Enhancing Energy-Related Education with Student Design Projects

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leon Liebenberg, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Taylor Tucker, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

mini-projects and teamwork. Our investigation has revealedthat mini-projects support and streamline student assessment in ways that enrich their learningexperience. Mini-projects have the potential to facilitate deeper understanding of course content,make the curriculum more relevant for students, and help build connections between classroomand professional learning competencies. To ensure quality of learning, mini-project-basedteaching and learning activities must be aligned with, and supported by, authentic assessmentactivities. The successful integration of project-based learning with traditional course aspects(e.g., quizzes) enables a course to be transformed into a series of engaging learning experiences.Future WorkFuture investigation

Conference Session

LEES 3: Assessing/Addressing Mental Health

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Wilson, University of Kentucky; Courtney Wright, University of Kentucky; Melanie Miller; Lucy Hargis; Ellen Usher; Joseph Hammer; Natalie Ban; Halle Shannon, University of Kentucky

copingstrategies identified include relationships with family, friends, and classmates and health andwellness activities such as exercise, mindfulness, and maintaining spiritual health. The results ofthis work will be helpful in recognizing ways to improve engineering education and increasestudent support.IntroductionEngineering has historically been a demanding and rigorous field of study. It involves acompetitive curriculum that creates extreme stress for many students. As stress is an inevitablepart of college, a healthy amount contributes to a students’ academic and personal success [1].However, high levels of constant stress can be detrimental to students’ mental health, leading todepression, anxiety, and other psychological distress [2

Conference Session

ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary Timko; Natalie Shaheen; Wade Goodridge, Utah State University; Theresa Green, Utah State University - Engineering Education; Daniel Kane, Utah State University

Paper ID #37190Advantages and Disadvantages of a Virtual EngineeringExperience During COVID-19 for Blind and Low-VisionHigh School StudentsTheresa Green Dr. Theresa Green is a postdoctoral researcher at Utah State University with a Ph.D. in Engineering Education from Utah State University. She holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Valparaiso University and an M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Utah State University. Her research interests include K-12 STEM integration, curriculum development, and improving diversity and inclusion in engineering.Daniel Kane Daniel Kane is an undergraduate student at

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Technical Session 2: Enhancing Energy-Related Education with Student Design Projects

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Reg Pecen, Sam Houston State University; Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University; Ulan Dakeev

oncampus and communities in multiple states [4-11]. A multidisciplinary engineering technologysenior students designed and constructed two separate solar PV canopy-based charging stationsfor the City of Huntsville aquatic park that provided park residents shading and charging forphones and electronic devices [4]. The design and construction of a small-scale solar PV, hydro-electric, and wind power station for generating zero-emission electricity for cabins and RVoutlets in Hickory Hills State Park in Iowa has provided major savings since 2008 [5]. Aneducational project promoting Math-Science-Engineering Technology in Iowa using renewableenergy applications provides area middle school teachers with an applied mathematics andscience curriculum

Conference Session

Redefining Manufacturing Education Practices

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Zappe, Pennsylvania State University; Stephanie Cutler, Pennsylvania State University; Sam Spiegel, Colorado School of Mines; Jenifer Blacklock, University of Colorado Boulder; Deb Jordan, Colorado School of Mines; Francisco Garcia, Colorado School of Mines

and products created. While this data has much potential for exploration and improvingthe production process, analyzing the data can be incredibly complex due to the size of the dataset and the sheer number of variables.Both advanced manufacturing and data science knowledge and expertise are now requirements formanufacturing sectors. With this growing field, it is necessary to align the development ofundergraduate and graduate curriculum to support the advancing field of manufacturing. Theinstruments developed for this proposal will support the field of advanced manufacturing and data 1science in academic institutions as there are only a handful of degree programs integrating theseconcepts into

Conference Session

EMD Technical Session 3: Measuring Engineering Management

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Niamat Ullah Ibne Hossain, Arkansas State University; Joni Pintu; Alexandr Sokolov, Arkansas State University; Ziaul Haque Munim

the level of SEM skills of individuals. Based on the design of this study, no causalrelationship should be inferred from the results since it was a correlation study rather than a casestudy. The implication of this study and avenue for future are listed below: • This study provides a beginning point for further investigation into an individual's ability to engage in complicated managerial problem-solving situations. • From an academic standpoint, this research will assist curriculum planners in developing academic curricula at the undergraduate level especially focusing on engineering management or industrial engineering, business management-related programs. Moreover, faculty be able to assess their students

Conference Session

LEES 2: Stories of Intersectionality and Institutional Marginalization

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Victoria Siaumau, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Yumi Aguilar, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Jane Lehr, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lynne Slivovsky, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Emily Flores, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lauren Cooper, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

researchers, across fields, to more critically examinetheir methodologies and to center the well-being of the participant over the benefit of theresearcher.Introduction:Historically, engineering education has neglected the experiences of its students. Students areexpected to work in intensive, difficult curriculums in the name of rigor and aptitude [1].“Numerous publications have documented an engineering culture pointing not only to issues of‘climate’ but also to the lack of role models, rigid pedagogical approaches that lack creativedesign elements and teamwork, and even subtle habits used to establish who belongs inengineering and who does not'' [2]. However, “[e]ngineering has reflected some unjust biasesembedded in our social structures to the

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 9: Decision Making, Problem-Based Projects, Role-Play, and a Nontraditional Project Theme

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Benjamin Goldschneider; Benjamin Chambers, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

options for curriculum design in first-year programs.Background and ObjectivesIn the mid-2000’s, a call went out to integrate the teaching of science, technology, engineering,and mathematics into what we now collectively refer to as STEM [1]. Since that time, additionalinitiatives have suggested that it might be even more beneficial to integrate the arts into STEMlearning, creating STEAM. Some even argue that it should be pushed even further, addingadditional study of the societal implications of STEAM research and work, further lengtheningthe acronym to STEAMS [2]. For this paper, the focus will remain on STEAM and itsimplications for the first-year engineering curriculum.Students’ experiences in their first-year engineering (FYE) classes are

Conference Session

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hao He, University of Missouri - Columbia; Heather Hunt; Suzanne Burgoyne; Joshua Saboorizadeh

Paper ID #37619How (Inter)national Engineering Faculty Members Perceiveand Teach Creativity: A Cultural PerspectiveHao He Hao He is currently a Ph.D. candidate from the School of Information Science and Learning Technologies at the University of Missouri-Columbia, with research interests in engineering education, creativity fostering, virtual reality learning environment, and game-based learning. He received his BA in English Language and Literature from Zhejiang University City College in China in 2008 and then worked as an English teacher and an instructional project manager for seven years. He received his

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 5: COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons and Best Practices

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hans Tritico, University of Mount Union; Okechukwu Ugweje, University of Mount Union; Chad Korach, University of Mount Union; Ethan Shirley, University of Michigan

Global Engineering Competence Pillar 3: Integrating Engineering Knowledge with Essential Business Skills Pillar 4: Building Effective Leaders and CommunicatorsThe second pillar, nurturing global engineering competence, is primarily achieved through arequired international engineering field experience. Global Engineering (EGE 320) was firstoffered in the Spring of 2013 and until the Spring of 2020 had taken every engineering student atthe University to an international destination to work on community-centered engineeringprojects.The four-credit hour Global Engineering course is a combination of lecture, project work, andfield experience. While these three components have always been a part of the class, the ratio oftime spent on each has

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Indira Chatterjee, University of Nevada, Reno; Kelsey Scalaro, University of Nevada, Reno; Ann-Marie Vollstedt, University of Nevada, Reno; Jeffrey Lacombe, University of Nevada, Reno; Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno

opportunities, goal setting, andcommunication. All these sessions were conducted by guests invited from across campus and theCREATE management team. In addition, design, based on an engineering challenge and hands-on cohort team building activities was integrated into the seminars to promote social interaction.For the design activities, scholars were divided into teams of four, with facilitation provided by apeer mentor. They were given constraints on the materials and supplies they could use. Theseminars and design activities were held in person before the pandemic but due to safetyguidelines during the pandemic, they were moved to an online format. All theme seminars andteam activities were followed by food and soft drinks. When activities were held

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie Philipp, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Bradley Harris, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

), they must experience the concept in question in a way that aligns with theNewtonian view but would not make sense if their mental model held on to the common butinaccurate idea that a body in motion at constant speed requires an external force. [5]The notion of threshold concepts encourages the thinking of problems as entry points for tacklingvital concepts within particular disciplines and is relevant for the integration of theconstructivist-based strategy, Problem-Based (or Project-Based) Learning (PBL) [6]. Much hasbeen written about the effectiveness of using problem or project based learning for deeperconceptual learning in college science coursework [7], [8]. Markham, Larmer, and Ravitzdescribe PBL as “a systematic teaching method that

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 4- COVID and Virtual Learning

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shaoping Qiu, Texas A&M University; Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University

. Borja, and M. E. Bentley, "Grandmothers, fathers, and depressive symptoms are associated with food insecurity among low-income first-time African- American mothers in North Carolina," Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 1042-1047, 2009.[7] R. G. Bringle and J. A. Hatcher, "A service-learning curriculum for faculty," 1995.[8] A. W. Chickering, "Strengthening democracy and personal development through community engagement," New directions for adult and continuing education, vol. 2008, no. 118, p. 87, 2008.[9] H. Said, I. Ahmad, S. S. S. Mansor, and Z. Awang, "Exploring different perspectives on limitations and promises of service-learning as an innovative pedagogy: review

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeremy Ernst, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Worldwide; Brenda Brand, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Xiao Zhu, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

,perceptions of social support, interpersonal experiences, and persistence. Specifically, pre-assessment and post-assessment data were gathered through the Self-Efficacy in ResearchMeasure (SERM), the Attitudes Toward Research Scale (ATRS), and the MultidimensionalScale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The participant study afforded the project team theopportunity to determine the specific nature of advancements and iterate Alliance processes tomaximize impact for future cohorts, as the advancement of a refined Alliance model thatuniquely incorporates an integrated and collaborative structure to enhance socialization, doctoralcompletion, and success for STEM faculty is the overarching goal of this award.BackgroundThe AGEP Alliance Model for

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Changing How We Teach: Flipping, Project-Based Learning, and More!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Harvey, University of Oklahoma; Chase Hibbard, University of Oklahoma

within civil engineering departments; in thiscase, additional instruction might be required by the faculty mentor or the program could be runasynchronously with an undergraduate dynamics course. Furthermore, due to the timecommitment (up to 10 hours per week), this program is organized as an extracurricular (i.e., “notfalling within the scope of a regular curriculum” [33]) activity for a select group of paid students;making this program compulsory or part of the curriculum would require additional resources(e.g., multiple 3D printers) and space within already over-scheduled undergraduate curricula dueto ABET requirements. It is therefore recommended to be employed as in this paper or through anelective or independent study; in fact, the latter

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jill Davishahl, Western Washington University; Joseph Brobst, Old Dominion University; Elizabeth Litzler, University of Washington; Andrew Klein, Western Washington University; Sura Alqudah, Western Washington University

supporting non-dominant student populations. Her current research focuses on creating inclusive and equitable learning environments through the development and implementation of strategies geared towards increasing student sense of belonging.Joseph Arthur Brobst (Research Assistant Professor) Previously a high school science teacher, I am now an educational research and program evaluation specialist located in the The Center for Educational Partnerships at Old Dominion University. Though I have been involved in a wide variety of projects and initiatives, common threads throughout my work have included STEM teacher professional development and broadening participation in STEM among individuals ranging from elementary school

Collection

ASEE Middle Atlantic 2022 Fall Conference

Authors

Tyler S. Love, Penn State University, Harrisburg

Paper ID #36622Accident Occurrences and Safety Issues Reported by Mid-Atlantic P-12Engineering EducatorsDr. Tyler S. Love, Penn State University, Harrisburg Dr. Love earned his master’s and Ph.D. in Integrative STEM Education from Virginia Tech. His bach- elors degree is in Technology Education from the University of Maryland Eastern Shore. He previously taught technology and engineering (T&E) courses in Maryland’s Public School System. He is nation- ally recognized for his work related to the safer design of makerspaces and collaborative STEM labs. Dr. Love is an Authorized OSHA Trainer for General Industry. He has

Collection

2022 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Rajarajan Subramanian, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, The Capital College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

(STEM) field. Involvingundergraduate students in research will make them take more interest in studies and motivate them topursue graduate degrees. The undergraduate students at Pennsylvania State University where I teach getinvolved in research usually conducted in the summer period for an 8-week or 10-week duration. Thename of the program is “Multi-campus Research Experience for Undergraduates” (MC-REU) and it isadministered by the College of Engineering at Penn State.Similarly, there are many academic institutions in the United States that got involved with researchundertaken by undergraduate students. The goals of the undergraduate research programs are (1) topromote undergraduate students participating in research early in their academic

Collection

2022 ASEE - North Central Section Conference

Authors

Laurene Sweet, LeafBridge of UCP Cleveland; Alisa Jones, UCP of Greater Cleveland-LeafBridge Alternative Education Program; Colin K Drummond, Case Western Reserve University

un- derstanding. She integrates Trauma-Informed, relational practices with a Universal Design for Learning. Dr. Sweet offers a unique perspective as mother and advocate for a college student with complex disabil- ities. In collaboration with the Biomedical Engineering Department at Case Western Reserve University, Dr. Sweet co-authored Finding Need in an Educational Setting: Starting with SETT, highlighting unique assistive technology for access to project-based learning for students with the most complex needs. Other publications include A.C.C.E.S.S. to the General Education Curriculum c and a peer-reviewed case study in the Pediatric Physical Therapy Journal.Ms. Alisa Jones, UCP of Greater Cleveland

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Bahar Memarian, University of Toronto

co-curricular activities during an identical period in time. There is a reportedparticipation gap and uneven engagement of engineering students in co-curricular activities. Wecompare how student engagement in different co-curricular activities might vary in terms of theself-reported time spent, curricular courses utilized, and professional competencies developed.We use de-identified records data that were collected from a professional development survey ata large North American University. We specifically compare experience between groups ofengineering students who reported participating in one unique co-curricular during 2017-18 andcompleted a professional development survey at the end of the year (between measures/co-curricular activities

Conference Session

LEES 4: Understanding and Disrupting Engineering Cultures

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Radoff, University of Maryland College Park; Chandra Turpen, University of Maryland College Park; Fatima Abdurrahman, University of Maryland College Park; Danjing Chen, University of Maryland College Park; David Tomblin, University of Maryland College Park; Amol Agrawal; Sona Chudamani

programs. This work (which was inspired by my own experiences as a graduate student in astronomy) built upon my background in physics education research from my undergraduate days, when I began working as a Learning Assistant (LA) with Dr. Chandra Turpen. My experience as an LA introduced me to PER, and gave me the opportunity to get involved in curriculum design and research as an undergraduate. After my PhD, I returned to Dr. Turpen’s group as a postdoctoral researcher, and have since redirected my focus to the study of ethics and institutional change in STEM higher education.David Tomblin (Director/Senior Lecturer) UMD College ParkAmol Agrawal Amol Agrawal is an undergraduate student at the University of Maryland

Conference Session

WIED: Community

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Canan Bilen-Green, North Dakota State University; Cinzia Cervato, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Adrienne Minerick, Michigan Technological University; Ann Burnett, North Dakota State University; Roger Green, North Dakota State University; Carla Koretsky; David Wahl, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Lori Wingate, Western Michigan University; D. Raj Raman, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Sonia Goltz; Patricia Sotirin

) to increase retention of URWM and WFC;(2) to support career progress for URWM and WFC; (3) to increase satisfaction and success ofURWM and WFC; (4) to stimulate advocacy for systemic change based on awareness of genderequity issues emerging from the programs implemented; (5) to create an integrated set ofcross-institutional programs that will be exportable to other regional universities that aim tosupport, retain, and advance the careers of URWM and WFC.COVID-19 ImpactThe global COVID-19 pandemic became a serious concern in the United States in March 2020,less than six months after the Partnership project’s official start date. Thus, the pandemic had aserious impact on the original implementation plans of the project components. It

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dimantha Kottawa Gamage, Montana State University - Bozeman; Durward Sobek, Montana State University - Bozeman

, anadapted PSS approach was used to teach facilities layout planning and design in a facilitiesdesign course which is a part of the senior year curriculum of an industrial engineering program.Attainment of learning objectives was measured using two sources, case studies which weredeveloped and executed using PSS techniques, and quizzes. For case studies, an assessment ofthree real-world case studies was compared to an identical assessment of a similar case studyutilized in a prior year. For quizzes, an assessment of quizzes was compared to identicalassessments in the two prior years. Quantitative techniques were used to analyze the outcomes ofthe case studies and the quizzes, while a thematic analysis was used to analyze the post-casestudy feedback

Collection

2022 ASEE - North Central Section Conference

Authors

Ramakrishnan Sundaram, Gannon University; Tyler John Seelnacht; Zachary Owen Dickinson

creating and piloting STEM laboratory and project experiences with wirelesssensor networks, the integrated radio tomographic imaging system will engage undergraduateand graduate students in research on imaging with radio frequency signals, as well as the facultyin course and curriculum development.IntroductionTomography is widely used in medicine as a transmission-based imaging process. Computedtomography (CT) is used in radiology as the noninvasive technique to obtain cross-sectional Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE North Central Section Conference Copyright © 2022, American Society for Engineering Education 1images of the internal organs, the bones, the blood vessels, and tissue in the body for

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Cook-Chennault, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Ahmad Farooq, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

(Jamshidi & Milanovic, 2022). The effectiveness of the VL was also evaluated using the ABETCriterion 3 outcomes 1, 3, and 6 (ABET Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs, 2021-2022). They concluded that there were several other advantages of using this type of VLenvironment within their traditional curriculum. For example, VLs generated interest in thesubject matter via visual attractiveness of the simulation results, allowed students to engage inmore complex experiments virtually, and helped students to develop critical thinking skillsthrough the connection of multiple learning schema, theoretical, experiment and simulation. Others have used ABET criterion to evaluate student outcomes using simulation virtuallabs such as (Alkhedher

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arun Srinivasa, Texas A&M University; Andreas Polycarpou, Texas A&M University; Emma Edoga, Texas A&M University; Mindy Bergman; M Cynthia Hipwell, Texas A&M University; David Seets, Texas A&M University

design‐build‐test cycle for effective product development," International Marketing Review, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 32-46, 1994.[5] D. R. Moogk, "Minimum Viable Product and the Importance of Experimentation in Technology Startups," Technology Innovation Management Review, vol. 2, no. 3, 2012.[6] J. M. Bekki, A. Ayela-Uwangue and S. R. Brunhaver , "I Want to Try That Too! Development of a Conceptual Framework for Interventions that Encourage Pedagogical Risk-Taking Among Faculty," in ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Columbus, Ohio, 2017.[7] J. O., Prochaska, and C. C. DiClemente. "Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change." Journal of consulting and clinical