Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Haridas Kumarakuru; Tyler Locke, Northeastern University; Anthony De Ritis, Northeastern University; Don Heiman, Northeastern University; Lucas Faria de Sá Tucker

and Haridas Kumarakuru1 1 Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 2 Department of Music, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 3 Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 AbstractTraditional musical instruments are often passed down and taught from generation to generationwithout essential information ever being documented. These instruments may have been in use forhundreds of years, yet if one desired to gain a better understanding of their acoustic properties, theywould be left without crucial resources

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Cimino, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jennifer Pascal, University of Connecticut; angad chadha, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Katrin Girgis, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Amal Khan, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Michelle Ortiz, New Jersey Institute of Technology

and high-impact engineeringdisasters that have occured since the turn of the century. The functional form of this educationdiffers significantly among institutions [1-3], and in recent years active learning thatdemonstrates a strong impact on students’ retention and synthesis of new material has taken holdas the preferred educational methodology [4-5]. Among active learning strategies, gamified orplayful learning has grown in popularity, with substantial evidence indicating that games canincrease student participation and social interaction with their classmates and with the subjectmatter [6-8]. Engineering education (ethics or otherwise) has likewise seen a growth in thedirection of gamified or playful learning in part due to the ability of

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Bosman, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Jeongjin Park, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Bhavana Kotla, Purdue Polytechnic Graduate Programs

) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Reading Between the Data Points: Analysis of the VSFS Internship Recruitment Process and Its Implications for Engineering Student Applicants1. IntroductionEngineering internships are important, providing students with opportunities for skill acquisitionand real-world industry experiences. Unfortunately, internships can be very competitive andthus, hard to obtain especially for students attempting to thrive during a pandemic or for studentsliving in geographically dispersed areas. In an attempt to overcome these challenges, virtualinternships have become a new reality for most organizations [1]. Virtual internships

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Appiah-Kubi, University of Dayton; Melissa McCabe, University of Dayton; Vincent Lewis, University of Dayton; Rebecca Blust, University of Dayton; James Brothers, University of Dayton; Phil Doepker

shows that the program is creating value for their startup companies. Consequently, theprogram received an additional donation of $100,000.1. IntroductionExperiential learning enables students to engage in a substantial experience and reflect on thatexperience "until they can create abstract conceptualizations that link the experience to previousexperiences, which ultimately results in active experimentation when the student determines howthey will put the experience into future actions" [1]. Experiential learning thus is a very activemethod of learning, contrary to the typically passive classroom environment where students listento lectures and do not participate in reflective activities on the material presented. Experientiallearning commonly

Conference Session

ERM: Let's Talk about Tests! (Tests Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Ferekides, University of South Florida; Chung Seop Jeong, University of South Florida; Gokhan MuMcu, University of South Florida; Ismail Uysal, University of South Florida; Paul Spector, University of South Florida

Table 1. For study behaviorsthere is a total score for all items plus individual scores for environment management, studystrategies, and procrastination. Action-state orientation has separate scores for each of the threedimensions. The table includes means, standard deviations, minimum and maximum scores foreach measure. Also included are coefficient alphas as a measure of internal consistencyreliability. As can be seen in all but two cases the alpha exceeded the generally acceptedminimum for research of .70 (Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994). Procrastination had an alpha of .42,suggesting that students who indicate doing one of these behaviors do not necessarily do theothers. For example, students who stay up all night to do schoolwork are not

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth McDonald, United States Military Academy

engineering. However, attempts to inculcateproper engineering ethics into the character of engineers has fallen short. A reset to howengineering ethics is taught is necessary to better equip engineers with an internalized characterthat ensures proper conduct of those in the profession. This paper seeks to inspire a change tothe traditional engineering ethics education. It is important to understand the history of theengineering profession and why engineering ethics should be found in the spirit of the engineerand not a list codes to follow as prescribed by our educational process.At the turn of the 20th century, there were several well publicized structural failures (theAshtabula Train Disaster [1], the Tay Bridge collapse [2], the Quebec Bridge [3

Conference Session

CPDD Technical Session 1 - Design of Professional Development Curricula

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Lu, Texas A&M University; Scott Tingey, Texas A&M University; Denise Preusser; Behbood Zoghi, Texas A&M University

curriculum of an online engineering technical managementprogram for working professionals in the College of Engineering at a Tier One researchuniversity. In a time filled with constant changes and uncertainty, there is a rising trend thatbesides technical knowledge, hiring companies are looking more at the soft skills possessed bycandidates in engineering or engineering-related industries; skills like communication,leadership, critical thinking, stress/pressure management, etc. are among the many needed orrequired lists [1], [2], [3]. Universities, answering to the market demands, are offeringcommunication courses in engineering majors. However, much research has been focused on thedesign of communication curricula in engineering education for full

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tooran Emami, United States Coast Guard Academy; Magdalena Perez, United States Coast Guard Academy; Philip Rogers; John Buchert, United States Coast Guard Academy; Daniel Sullivan, United States Coast Guard Academy

Conference Session

CPDD Technical Session 1 - Design of Professional Development Curricula

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Audeen Fentiman, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); John Sutherland, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Daniel Delaurentis; Kerrie Douglas, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Jorge Dorribo Camba; C. Robert Kenley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Ali Raz; Adrie Koehler; Wanju Huang, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Andrew Hurt, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Jennifer Richardson

employers’ needs are: 1. Hold an hour-long discussion with a group of MBSE experts or proponents from a corporation or government agency that wants to transition to MBSE. We held eleven such discussions at the beginning of the project. The discussions were guided by a set of questions designed to elicit information necessary to design the instructional modules. 2. Review the results of the 2020 MBSE Maturity Survey as reported in the Systems Engineering Research Center’s Technical Report SERC-2020-SR-001, “Benchmarking the Benefits and Current Maturity of Model-Based Systems Engineering across the Enterprise,” (McDermott et al., 2020) with the goal of identifying

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hüseyin Sarper P.E, Old Dominion University; Nebojsa Jaksic, Colorado State University - Pueblo

to remedy some of the shortcomingsof the earlier project and extend it with a design experience using the impulse equation. Theseblocks (or vehicles or busses) were propelled horizontally with various grades of model rocketengines. The vehicles have wheels inserted on axles. Each vehicle was hooked on to and guidedby two 1/16″ diameter steel cables stretched along a 32-foot track. A special jig was designed toline up axle holes on both sides. Two or three 2″ deep engine compartments, (45/64)″ and/or(61/64)″ in diameter, were drilled on the back of each block. An altimeter that acts as anaccelerometer was fitted on top of each vehicle. Fully loaded initial vehicle masses (includingengines) ranged from 0.4 kg to 1.1 kg. As before, this team

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 1 - STEM Outreach

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Howell; Vinu Unnikrishnan, West Texas A&M University; Kenneth Leitch, West Texas A&M University; Erick Butler, West Texas A&M University

reflection designed to achieve desired learning outcomes.”[1] With such adefinition of SL in view, it is not difficult to see how DE is one way that engineering education atmany levels might be called service-learning if the activities in which students or professionals areengaged have some educational emphasis.We recently conducted a surface level examination of service-learning for an engineering seniordesign class involving the design of a neighborhood for those seeking to leave a life ofhomelessness[2]. That study, while useful, left unanswered questions which became the genesisof the current study concerning not just service but compassion in engineering. Compassion is oftdefined as the awareness of the suffering or distress of others combined

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 1 - STEM Outreach

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brad McCoy, United States Military Academy; Aaron Hill, United States Military Academy; Adam Tawakkol, United States Military Academy; stone sawyer, United States Military Academy; Charles Nyakundi, United States Military Academy; Cameryn Smith, United States Military Academy

activitiesenabled the cadets to take ownership of the need for diversity in the STEM profession byinspiring the next generation of STEM professionals from a wide range of backgrounds.BackgroundAlbert Einstein famously quoted, “If you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it wellenough.” The spirit of this quote is at the heart of this study that looks at teaching as a means ofdevelopment for civil engineering cadets at USMA. Fantuzzo et al [1] and King et al [2] discussthe benefits of serving as a tutor, not as it pertains to delivering information one already knows,but in answering questions from those being tutored. When one delivers information in a one-sided conversation, certainly a level of understanding of the material must be achieved, but

Conference Session

ERM: Let's Talk about Tests! (Tests Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Minju Kim, University of California, San Diego; Celeste Pilegard, University of California, San Diego; Huihui Qi, University of California, San Diego; Curt Schurgers, University of California, San Diego; Marko Lubarda, University of California, San Diego; Saharnaz Baghdadchi, University of California, San Diego; Alex Phan, University of California, San Diego

learningThe evaluation of student learning can serve functions of making judgments about students’achievements (i.e., summative assessment) and improving students’ learning (i.e., formativeassessment [1]). Formative assessments provide useful information that instructors and studentscan use to regulate their teaching and learning strategies. For example, a college student can usethe feedback received from a midterm exam to make judgments about the effectiveness of theirlearning strategies and help identify content areas for improvement. Two important variables inthe value of a formative assessment are the extent to which the assessment corresponds to thecourse learning objectives and the utility of the information the assessment provides for

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cortney Holles, Colorado School of Mines

have also taken ethics courses, but it is hard to match the suite of engineering andenvironmental ethics concepts that Nature and Human Values covers, such as water in the West,environmental justice, and the socio-political impacts of digital technology or human geneticengineering. This study compares the standard 4 credit hour required course to a “short form” 2credit hour version that was piloted in the Fall 0f 2021 with incoming students who had eithertaken composition 1 and 2 at another college or who had taken AP language and gotten a 5 onthe exam. We want to understand the efficacy of this class in teaching the ethics content of thecourse as well as the outcomes of developing research skills, engaging in the writing processcompletion

Conference Session

EMD Technical Session 1: Captstone, Ethics, and Statistical Methods

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Venkat Allada, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Clair Kueny, Missouri University of Science and Technology

student competencies inapplying both technical and non-technical skills in solving problems.[1]” Several papers addressthe various approaches, challenges, and lessons learned in senior design capstone projects [2]-[8]. Most senior design projects in the engineering disciplines focus on a relativelystraightforward disciplinary problem. The tasks of defining the problem definition and theproject scope are relatively easy. Some senior design projects are interdisciplinary in nature inthat they cut across two or more disciplines. We could potentially categorize the senior designprojects into the following three categories: 1. Single disciplinary senior design projects: Projects are tightly focused to address various aspects of a single

Conference Session

EMD Technical Session 1: Captstone, Ethics, and Statistical Methods

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth McDonald, United States Military Academy

the study indicate that the approach positively influenced thestudents’ awareness of virtue and how virtue as a mechanism for ethical behavior is effective.There are also indications that “perceiving” the need for ethical decision making wasincreased. Students benefited from the exercise and indicated that they understood that virtueis an effective driver for ethical behavior.BackgroundThe engineering profession holds tremendous value in American society and plays afundamental role in assisting in the efficient functioning of our society. Indeed, the practiceof engineering does not exist outside the domain of societal interests [1]. When dealingstrictly with societal interests, it is important as an engineer to act in good faith and

Conference Session

Student Division Technical 1: Diversity, Equity, Inclusivity (DEI)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Henry Claesson, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Robert Hodge, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Eunsil Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Jennifer Benning, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; David Gray, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

documentation that students’learning outcomes are being met [1]. Teaming is one of the outcomes – and it is one of therequirements which is difficult to “prove.” The challenges of meeting this learning requirementwere only heightened during the pandemic. To support a rapid shift in course modality, studentswere often tasked with using a wide range of software tools with a myriad of permutations. Thedisjointed nature of the software tools was further exacerbated when students were asked tocollaborate in a virtual team setting. As such, students devoted cognitive load not only to thetasking at hand for assignments but also to organizing files, communicating with teammates, andmanaging tasks in virtual team-based activities [2].Similar studies have been

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Crilly, United States Coast Guard Academy; Richard Hartnett, United States Coast Guard Academy

Reviews (EOCR’s) held at the end of both Fall2020 and Spring 2021 semesters, faculty reflected upon the impacts and challenges (both presentand future) that remote learning had presented (or would soon create) for our students. In onediscussion in Spring 2021 we noted that Fall 2021 labs in EE would likely be “in-person” andwould require our new junior-level students to have a good working knowledge of laboratory testequipment (e.g. oscilloscopes, function generators, breadboards, digital volt-ohmmeters), beproficient in troubleshooting, and even require students to learn to use relatively unfamiliarequipment (Agilent 35670 Dynamic Signal Analyzers). At that point we considered that earlyassessment of Outcome 6 Performance Indicator #1 (develop

Conference Session

Student Division Technical 1: Diversity, Equity, Inclusivity (DEI)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuliana Flores, University of Washington; Jennifer Turns, University of Washington

an arm of the settler state, and two, students often fall under the trap of seeingthemselves as victims rather than agents. Thus my paper does two things: (1) introduces theconcept of hermeneutic injustice to the field of engineering education and (2) explores howknowing about hermeneutic injustice as current students can help us become agents of our owneducation and help disrupt moments of injustice.BackgroundTo establish common ground for this paper I begin by defining exam wrappers and their generaluse. Then I provide a brief context on user experience (UX) to explain where the larger project issituated. I end by introducing the concept this paper explores - hermeneutic injustice in additionto its significance to justice in higher

Conference Session

Student Division Technical 1: Diversity, Equity, Inclusivity (DEI)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brenden DrInkard-Mcfarland, The Ohio State University; David Delaine; Zachary Smith, The Ohio State University

goal of finding literature on how urban gardening partnershipswith university engineering programs can collaborate with and support urban gardens. Aftersettling on key words (Engineering Education, Community, Gardening), we found articlesexploring the intersection of these topic using various online libraries and database searchengines (Google Scholar, Wiley Online Libraries via Ohio State University, Ebsco Host via OhioState University, Ohio State University Libraries). Table 1 details each of these search terms thatwere created for each key word. The search terms produced insufficient results on their own aswe struggled to connect the resulting literature to our research question. To further narrow oursearch results, search terms were

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Ackerman, York College of Pennsylvania; Kelly Arcieri, York College of Pennsylvania

pursued employment with a company that they had no co-opexperience with.BackgroundCooperative work experience, also commonly referred to as co-op, is not a novel program foracademic and industry partners. Co-ops have been integral parts of engineering programs for thepast 100 years. The first formally documented cooperative program started at the University ofCincinnati in 1906 [1]. As the word implies, co-ops are a partnership between academia andindustry. Academia relies on industry for graduate employment and feedback for accreditationand industry requires students for future employees [2]. Today, a co-op is not just consideredsummer employment. Many programs allow students to participate in a co-op during a springand\or fall semester in

Conference Session

ERM: Let's Talk about Tests! (Tests Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nelson Granja, Universidad San Francisco de Quito; Miguel Andrés Guerra, Universidad San Francisco de Quito; Vanessa Guerra, University of Virginia

Engineering Education and Future Professoriate. (i) ENGINEERING EXPERIENCE: Miguel Andrés was Project Manager of PREINGESA where he has directed construction projects in the development of urban infrastructure for urbanizations such as earthworks, drinking water works, sewerage, underground electrical cables and fiber optics, roads, aqueducts, water reservoirs, housing construction, among others. He was also a Project Management Associate for a Habitat For Humanity housing project in the USA. (ii) RESEARCH: Miguel Andrés' research focuses on (1) decision-making for the design and construction of infrastructure projects, (2) the planning of sustainable, smart and resilient cities, and (3) the development of engineers who

Conference Session

ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diana De La Rosa-Pohl, University of Houston; Catherine Horn

posited that effectively built environments provided a senseof safety and inclusion. From that foundation, space could also serve as a conduit forinvolvement (including participation, engagement, and role taking) and also serve as a basis forcultivation of community. In specificity, Strange and Banning (2015) described four componentsthat drive interaction between people and their environments: 1) physical, 2) human aggregate,3) organizational, and 4) socially constructed. These components are interconnected and fluid.As Maxwell (2016) summarizes, “the interplay between those who use the space, how the spacecan be perceived and/or defined, the policies and protocols that guide its use, and the actualdesign and aesthetics create an environment

Conference Session

ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marcia Gail Headley, University of Delaware; Jenni Buckley, University of Delaware; Haritha Malladi, University of Delaware

and team members as individuals – is essential for engineering educators.There is evidence that the use of team-based instructional strategies is wide-spread inengineering education [1-7]. In general, teamwork is viewed as an essential means to support thedevelopment of important durable professional skills [8, 9]. Notably, demonstrations of theability to communicate and collaborate effectively within a team are requirements for completinga post-secondary program of study in engineering [10]. Team-based design projects, specifically,are used as a pedagogical tool because they approximate professional conditions and offeremerging engineers opportunities to develop soft skills in the process of applying engineeringknowledge and skills. Despite

Conference Session

ERM: Let's Talk about Tests! (Tests Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Assad Iqbal, Utah State University; Oenardi Lawanto, Utah State University

learning.Keywords: Formative Assessment, Summative Assessment, Achievement, EngineeringEducation, Self-Directed Learning1. Introduction Research literature shows promising effects of testing in helping students retain studiedinformation [1 – 5] as well as potentiate learning of new concepts [6 – 9]. Literature shows thatadditional exposure, retrieval effort, transfer-appropriate processing of information, andintrinsic and extrinsic motivation associated with testing provide possible explanations for thesetesting effects [10]. Testing has traditionally been used to assess students’ learning to assigngrades and make decisions on their progression to the next level [1]. High stakes associated withtesting in the form of extra rewards and weightages in the

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bala Maheswaran, Northeastern University; Evan Eyler, Northeastern University; Yide Song, Northeastern University

CircuitThe base of the prototype circuit is the Sparkfun RedBoard (1). Its power is supplied through thebarrel jack, in which a 4-cell AA battery holder (2) is plugged in. It in turn outputs about 5 Voltsto the circuit. Additionally, the opening to the left of the barrel jack, which is not labeled, is themicro-USB port. The code for the program uploaded to the RedBoard through a computer. On theother end is the QWIIC Connection System. This part of the board is an inter-integrated circuit, orIIC, meant for synchronous double communication between two devices through a wire (Arrow,2020). In this case, a 4-pin JST connector (3) connects the RedBoard to the IMU (4), the InertialMeasurement Unit sensor. The RedBoard sends the code instructions to the

Conference Session

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin Ingram, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Jennifer Keshwani, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Deepak Keshwani, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Conner Lunn; JORDAN BINFIELD

ecosystems globally [1].Currently, the Nebraska Sandhills represents one of the largest remaining intact grasslands in theUS Great Plains [2]. However, the Sandhills and other Great Plains grasslands are currentlythreatened by "the green glacier"-- a slow but steady encroachment of tree species intoecosystems which have historically been dominated by grasses and wildflowers [3]. Woodyencroachment not only threatens the habitat of native wildlife including small mammals [4]–[6],grassland birds [3], [7], and insects [8], but also threatens the livelihood of ranchers who dependon the vast grasslands to feed their livestock [9], [10].Given that 98.9% of Nebraska lands are privately owned [11], addressing the issue of grasslandconservation in Nebraska

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 1 - STEM Outreach

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen Smits, The University of Texas at Arlington; Michelle Schwartz, The University of Texas at Arlington; Nathaniel Steadman, The University of Texas at Arlington

to STEM role models either at home or through access from theenrichment programs. Findings from this work confirm the selection of role models involved inmentoring is vitally important when promoting STEM in education outreach programs.Introduction Women continue to be underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, andmathematics (STEM) fields despite decades of focused career promotion through formal andinformal education [1]–[3]. In 2017, women accounted for 29% of science and engineeringemployment, representing 27% of the jobs in computer science and mathematics, 16% of thejobs in engineering, and 29% of the jobs in physical science [4]. Policymakers, educators, andresearchers are especially interested in addressing gender

Conference Session

ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Isabel Hilliger, Pontificia Universidad Catholica de Chile; MARIA de los RIOS, Pontificia Universidad Catholica de Chile; Gabriel Astudillo, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Jorge Baier, Pontificia Universidad Catholica de Chile

curriculum improvement in higher education.MARIA Javiera de los RIOSGabriel AstudilloJorge Baier (Associate Dean of Engineering Education) (PontificiaUniversidad Catholica de Chile) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com WIP: Exploring differences in student sense of belonging inside and outside the engineering classroomIntroduction Sense of belonging has become an important factor for creating inclusive and equitablelearning environments in engineering education. By sense of belonging, Strayhorn [1] referred tothe feeling of mattering to a community in consequence of the received support and the socialties

Conference Session

ERM: Lessons Learned from COVID (COVID Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Sheppard, Clemson University; Aradaryn Marsh, Clemson University; Lisa Benson, Clemson University

onlinelearning on their sense of belonging in engineering compared to male students. First yearstudents felt less connected and more stressed than they had prior to the pandemic. First-year andsenior students reported lower connections with their TAs than sophomore and junior students.Some students said they relied on technology, such as social media platforms to connect withother students and groupsIntroduction and Background Literature Recent research has documented the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on collegestudents' mental health [1, 2]. As a result, there is a need to examine students’ experiences amidthe transition from in-person learning to online and hybrid learning as a result of the COVID-19pandemic in 2020 and 2021. In Spring 2021